文档内容
第 2 讲 解题技法指导
技法一 审题谋篇四步法
(2022·浙江1月)
假定你是李华，在“中国—爱尔兰文化节”活动中结识了爱尔兰朋友Chris，现在他已
回国。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1．回忆活动经历；
2．分享个人收获；
3．希望保持联系。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第一步 审题立意 布局谋篇
体裁 邮件
时态 一般过去时和一般现在时
人称 第一人称
结构 三段
1.询问近况，表示怀念；
要点 2.回忆活动经历，分享个人收获；
3.发出希望。
第二步 核心内容 逐一盘点
第一段——问候
1．近来好吗？你回爱尔兰已有一年了。我非常想念你。
How are you doing these days? It has been a year since you came back to Ireland.I miss you so
much.
第二段——回忆和分享
2．提起中爱文化节活动
我依然记得两年前我们在中爱文化节相遇的那一天。
I still remember the very day when we met at China-Ireland Cultural Festival two years ago.
3．具体说明文化节活动
(1)你在那次文化节上分享了你们国家许多有趣的事情。
You shared so many interesting things about your country at that festival.
(2)通过你的分享，我了解到了你们的食物、文化和历史。
Through your sharing I learned a lot about your food ， culture and history .
4．你的感受(1)很重要的是我们那时成了好朋友。
It’s far more important that we became good friends then.
(2)我感到有点遗憾的是你去年回国了。
I felt a little sorry that you left China last year.
(3)我很高兴了解到你在你的家乡过着快乐的生活。
I am pleased to know you are leading a happy life in your hometown.
第三段——发出希望
5．我希望我们常联系，并希望早日收到你的回信。
I hope we can keep in touch often.Looking forward to hearing from you soon.
第三步 斟词酌句 润色升级
1．把第3中的句(1)变成强调句，并用非限制性定语从句与句(2)合并起来
It was at that festival that you shared so many interesting things about your country ， through
which I learned a lot about your food ， culture and history .
2．把第4中的句(1)变成what引导的名词性从句
What ’ s far more important is that we became good friends then .
3．把第4中的句(2)和句(3)合并成让步状语从句
Though I felt a little sorry that you left China last year ， I am pleased to know you are leading a
happy life in your hometown.
第四步 巧妙衔接 完美成篇
Dear Chris，
How are you doing these days? It has been a year since you came back to Ireland.I miss you so
much.
I still remember the very day when we met at China-Ireland Cultural Festival two years ago.It
was at that festival that you shared so many interesting things about your country，through which I
learned a lot about your food，culture and history.We really enjoyed ourselves there.What’s far
more important is that we became good friends then.Though I felt a little sorry that you left China
last year，I am pleased to know you are leading a happy life in your hometown.
I hope we can keep in touch often.Looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours，
Li Hua
技法二 规避常见的五种错误
典例示范
错误句子 改错
常见错误
(缺)There are many students There are many students
support it. who/that support it.
句子成分残缺或多余
(多)We reached to school at 6∶00 We reached school at 6∶ 00
am. am.The children were very
The children was very happy.
happy.
主谓不一致
You can read the books which is on You can read the books which
the shelf. are on the shelf.
The exhibition will hold next The exhibition will be held
weekend. next weekend.
时态、语态错误
Yesterday I witnessed an
Yesterday I witness an accident.
accident.
Honest is the best policy. Honesty is the best policy.
Paper cutting is a tradition Chinese Paper cutting is a traditional
词性不分 art. Chinese art.
I finally through the exam after I finally got through the
several attempts. exam after several attempts.
I very like his classes. I like his classes very much.
My father bought me a Mo Yan My father bought me a book
中式英语
writing book. written by Mo Yan.
The trees very tall. The trees are very tall.
技法三 亮化词汇三原则
根据高考书面表达的评分标准，应用词汇的丰富性和准确性是作文能否取得高分的一条
重要的标准。所以，在词汇的亮化上应遵循以下三个原则：
原则1 求新求变
同样意义的词语，要根据语境使用最新学过的而不是小学初中学过的词汇。如果同样的
意义重复出现，要使用不同的表达方式。如：
1．Not only does the ocean offer us enough food，but it also maintains the balance of
nature.Thus，it is very important to protect the ocean.(2022·全国甲)
→Not only does the ocean offer us sufficient food，but it also maintains the balance of
nature.Thus，it is imperative to protect the ocean.
2．When feeling sad，I often choose to enjoy the novel part which includes a lot of good
stories.(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ)
→When feeling depressed，I often choose to enjoy the novel part which includes a lot of
imaginative stories.
3．With the wide spread of the Internet，more and more people become online learners.
(2021·全国乙)
→With the wide spread of the Internet，an increasing number of people become online learners.
4．I am writing to ask you to help us with a play we adapted according to the text.(2020·全国
Ⅲ)→I am writing in sincerity to ask you a favour regarding a play we adapted according to the
text.
5．For another，China has a long history and rich culture.It has always attracted people who
love anything about China.(2020·江苏)
→For another，China enjoys a long history and rich culture.It has always been an attraction
for those who are keen on anything that is Chinese.
原则2 求准求精
写作时不一定每一句都要有复杂句式，有时准确使用一个单词就会让整个句子增色。
1．It can easily be seen that the percentage of students who choose listening to English songs and
watching English movies is partly 65% and 50%.(2022·全国乙)
→It can easily be seen that the percentage of students who choose listening to English songs and
watching English movies is respectively 65% and 50%.
2．In conclusion，we should find a way to study online better.(2021·全国乙)
→In conclusion，we should find a way to study online more efficiently.
3．His words of encouragement can still be remembered.(2020·全国Ⅰ)
→His words of encouragement still ring in my ears.
4．I am waiting for your early reply.(2021·全国甲)
→I am waiting for your early reply eagerly.
原则3 短语优先
恰当使用短语代替单词，不但可以增加词数，还有助于绕开不会表达的单词，使得行文
更加流畅。
1．I would appreciate it if you could consider my invitation.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)
→I would appreciate it if you could take my invitation into account.
2．In conclusion，we should know its advantages and disadvantages and find a proper way to
make our study more efficient.(2021·全国乙)
→In conclusion，we should have a good understanding of its advantages and disadvantages and
find a proper way to make our study more efficient.
3．In order to get more clicks，you’d better tell me which Chinese culture attracts westerners
most.(2021·全国甲)
→In order to get more clicks，you’d better tell me which Chinese culture holds the most
attraction for westerners.
4．The majority of people who were surveyed supported this idea.
→The majority of people who were surveyed were in favour of this idea.
技法四 美化句式四诀窍
诀窍1 三大从句各一
从句是丰富内容的有效手段。每一篇优秀作文，句式都应该多样。 所以在写作中，要注意打造三种从句。
1．定语从句：It was at that festival that you shared so many interesting things about your
country，through which I learned a lot about your food，culture and history.(2022·浙江1月)
2．状语从句：It has been 10 years since Youth was founded and I began to read the newspaper
when I was still a junior one student.(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ)
3．名词性从句：What’s far more important is that we became good friends then.
(2022·浙江1月)
诀窍2 非谓语若干
非谓语的正确使用能体现出学生的语法功底，相比于从句，非谓语更加生动简洁。
(2020·全国Ⅱ)
Last weekend，my classmates and I took part in a farm picking(现在分词作定语) activity.
Surrounded(过去分词作状语) by green trees，the farm is located at the foot of the hill near
our school.There is a small river flowing(现在分词作定语) through the farm.While enjoying
being(动名词作宾语) close to nature，we began to help pick peaches covering(现在分词作定
语) every tree.We worked in pairs，one picking peaches and the other carefully putting them
into a big box(独立主格结构)．
Through participating(动名词作宾语) in this picking activity，I have become aware of the
significance of work.I am determined to study hard，to be a useful person to the country and
to contribute to the improvement of people’s lives(不定式作宾语)．
诀窍3 倒装强调可出现
特殊句型如倒装句、强调句和感叹句等可以使整篇文章句式更加丰富。
1．It is our daily actions that make a difference to protecting the ocean from being polluted.
(2022·全国甲)
2．So easily addicted to chatting online or playing games are they that they will forget to learn
English using them.(2022·全国乙)
3．From this activity，not only did we realize that building up our body is of great importance，
but we also learned more about “persistence leads to success”．(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)
4．On the way，exhausted as the participants were，they kept running until the finishing line.
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)
5．Such is my understanding about growing up.(2020·天津)
诀窍4 被动露露面
如果一篇文章全都是主动句而且主语一致，文章就会显得单调，适当使用被动句能够避
免这种情况。
1．First of all，what we can do is place importance on our daily actions.For example，we can’t
throw garbage into the ocean.(2022·全国甲)→First of all，what we can do is place importance on our daily actions.For example，garbage
can’t be thrown into the ocean.
2．Because we will present this activity on the English website，I sincerely want you to offer me
some advice.(2021·全国甲)
→Because this activity will be presented on the English website，I sincerely want you to offer
me some advice.
3．I wonder if you would like to give us some advice.We need to adjust the vocabulary and
grammar of the plot，and we also need your guidance on our performance.(2020·全国Ⅲ)
→I wonder if you would like to give us some advice.The vocabulary and grammar of the plot need
to be adjusted，and we also need your guidance on our performance.
技法五 衔接过渡四类型
衔接过渡词可以分为“启、承、转、合”四类。
1．用于“启”的过渡词语：as you know，as is shown in the...，first of all，for one thing，
above all，on the one hand，in a sense，to start with等。
①As far as I know，this exhibition will last for half a month in the school art gallery.(2021·浙江)
②First of all，what we can do is place importance on our daily actions.(2022·全国甲)
③For one thing，the overall development over the past decades has been so striking that they feel
eager to familiarize themselves with what is going on in China.(2020·江苏)
④First and foremost，the competition to be held in our school stadium will begin at 2 pm and
last for roughly 3 hours.(2019·全国Ⅱ)
2．用于“承”的过渡词语：secondly，also，in addition，for another thing，for this purpose，
furthermore，what is more，for example，in other words，in fact，at the same time，as a
result，therefore等。
①What’s more，if I want to decorate my website with some Chinese elements，what should I
do？
(2021·全国甲)
②Therefore，I strongly recommend that all the students in our school should make use of their
spare time to enjoy these wonderful works carefully.(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ)
③For another，China enjoys a long history and rich culture.(2020·江苏)
④Besides，the topic is about how to improve our spoken English.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)
⑤Furthermore，it is necessary for you to take a good rest，which will provide enough energy
for you.(2019·全国Ⅱ)
⑥Meanwhile，I’m also interested to learn some folk dances from you in your lecture，which
will help me improve my dancing.(2019·天津)
3．用于“转”的过渡词语：after all，but，however，on the contrary，in contrast，otherwise，while，though，despite，in spite of，all the same，as a matter of fact等。
①However，those choosing reading English books and visiting English learning websites only
account for 18% and 12%.(2022·全国乙)
②On the way，although some students fell behind，they kept running until the finishing line.
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)
4．用于“合”的过渡词语：in a word，generally speaking，at last，in short，in the end，in
conclusion，on the whole，in summary，to sum up等。
①Finally，you are welcome at any time to my house and be my guest.Congratulations again!
②To sum up，I wish you could live up to the expectations of our school.(2019·全国Ⅱ)
③In conclusion，the school uniforms are a better choice than the traditional Chinese dress for
such an occasion.(2019·江苏)
④All in all，it is high time that we devoted ourselves to protecting the ocean.To protect the ocean
is to protect ourselves.(2022·全国甲)
Ⅰ.升级句中加黑词汇
1．With the development of technology，more and more people are fond of online payment.
With the development of technology，an increasing number of people are fond of online payment.
2．Traditional cultures are very important in our country.
Traditional cultures are of great importance in our country.
3．As for me，I like school uniforms better than casual clothes.
As for me，I prefer school uniforms to casual clothes.
4．Qingdao lies in the east of Shandong Province.
Qingdao is situated/located in the east of Shandong Province.
5．Everyone must have experienced a moving moment，and I’d like to share mine with you.
Everyone must have experienced a touching moment，and I’d like to share mine with you.
6．I am writing to say thanks to you for your help.
I am writing to express my gratitude to you for your help.
7．Here is some advice，which I hope will be good for you.
Here is some advice，which I hope will be beneficial to you.
8．I am very happy to hear that you are coming to our city for a visit.
I am extremely delighted to hear that you are coming to our city for a visit.
Ⅱ.升级句式练习
1．The ceremony was scheduled to be held from 8∶00 am to 11∶00 am on June 8，and during
that time we reviewed the past events and watched some videos about the heroic deeds of our
schoolmates in the battle against COVID-19.(用定语从句改写)→The ceremony was scheduled to be held from 8∶00 am to 11∶00 am on June 8，during which
we reviewed the past events and watched some videos about the heroic deeds of our schoolmates in
the battle against COVID-19.
2．An English oral competition was held this Monday and our class won the first prize in it.(用定
语从句改写)
→Our class won the first prize in the English oral competition that/which was held this Monday.
3．Does your summer course offer accommodation？(用宾语从句改写)
→I wonder if/whether your summer course offers accommodation.
4．The students interested in the contest are required to sign up for it before July 3.(用主语从句改
写)
→It is required that the students interested in the contest (should) sign up for it before July 3.
5．You greet others actively，and you are more likely to make friends.(用状语从句改写)
→ If you greet others actively ， you are more likely to make friends .
6．We became exhausted halfway，but we managed to get to the finishing line.(用状语从句改写)
→ Although/Though/While we became exhausted halfway ， we managed to get to the finishing
line.
7．Whenever I meet with difficulty，my Chinese teacher gives me encouragement in time.(用强
调句改写)
→ It is my Chinese teacher that/who gives me encouragement whenever I meet with difficulty.
8．I am so anxious that I can’t sleep well before exams.(用倒装句改写)
→ So anxious am I that I can ’ t sleep well before exams .
9．The fruit farm lies at the foot of the Mount Yuhuangshan.(用倒装句改写)
→At the foot of the Mount Yuhuangshan lies the fruit farm.
10．We will hold the exhibition in the gallery hall of our school on Saturday afternoon.(用被动语
态改写)
→The exhibition will be held in the gallery hall of our school on Saturday afternoon.
Ⅲ.用适当的过渡词汇填空
A
Li Jiang and Su Hua are discussing what to wear when receiving the British students next
month.Li recommends the traditional Chinese dress 1.while Su prefers the school uniforms.
2．As for me/In my opinion，I would be happy to wear the traditional Chinese dress at the
welcome ceremony.3.For one thing/First of all，this is precisely what the British visitors are
expecting.They come to learn about Chinese culture with their own eyes.4.Therefore，their
Chinese peers in the typical Chinese dress would be highly impressive.The school uniforms are
fine ； 5.however ， they are not special enough to give a unique Chinese flavour.6.For
another/Secondly/Besides，the inconvenience is not a problem if our purpose is to share Chinese
culture.It is just the so-called inconvenience that displays the richness ， delicacy and greatfascination of Chinese culture with a history of thousands of years.
7．In conclusion/All in all/In short/In brief，the traditional Chinese dress will make the
occasion attractive to the British guests.
B
Dear Sir/Madam，
I am Li Hua，a student from Guangming Middle School.I am writing to ask some questions
about the summer course.
8．First of all，I wonder when the course will begin and how long it will last.9.Secondly，I
want to know whether your school will offer accommodation for the students.10. Besides/What ’ s
more/In addition，how much will you charge for it？11.Last but not least，how many students
will be there in one class?
12．All in all，I would appreciate it if you could reply to me as soon as possible.
Yours，
Li Hua
强化练(三十一) 应用文写作(2)
Ⅰ.作文升档
(2021·浙江1月)
假定你是李华，下周有新西兰学生访问你校，你将作为学生代表致欢迎辞。 请为此写
一篇发言稿，内容包括：
1．表示欢迎；
2．介绍活动安排；
3．表达祝愿。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
学生习作
Dear guests，
①First of all，please allow me to express a warm welcome to our dear guests on behalf of
the school.
②As planned，during your stay at our school，we will first give you a tour of our school.
③Then，you can visit the English corner to talk with our classmates and promote our friendship.
④Besides，our classes are worthy of being attended，because you can appreciate the differences
between Chinese and western teaching methods.⑤Finally，our Chinese host families will providethe opportunity for you to experience a different culture and try some delicious ，traditional
Chinese food.
⑥We wish you a happy time at our school.
我来提升档次
作文升档第一步 让词汇高级亮丽
利用高级词汇升级文中黑体词汇
1．dear→honorable/distinguished
2．plan→schedule
3．besides→furthermore
4．finally→last but not least
5．happy→pleasant
作文升档第二步 让句式丰富多变
按要求升级句式并将黑体词汇替换为升级后的词汇
1．用定语从句合并句②和句③。
As scheduled，during your stay at our school，we will first give you a tour of our school，after
which you can visit the English corner to talk with our classmates and promote our friendship.
2．用强调句改写句⑤。
Last but not least，it is our Chinese host families that will provide the opportunity for you to
experience a different culture and try some delicious，traditional Chinese food.
作文升档第三步 过渡衔接更巧妙
利用适当的过渡衔接词衔接升级后的作文并誊写
Honorable guests，
First of all，please allow me to express a warm welcome to our distinguished guests on behalf
of the school.
As scheduled，during your stay at our school，we will first give you a tour of our school，
after which you can visit the English corner to talk with our classmates and promote our
friendship.Furthermore，our classes are worthy of being attended，because you can appreciate the
differences between Chinese and western teaching methods.Last but not least，it is our Chinese
host families that will provide the opportunity for you to experience a different culture and try some
delicious，traditional Chinese food.
We wish you a pleasant time at our school.
Ⅱ.写作演练
(2022·湖南常德3月模拟)
在2022年北京冬奥会上，谷爱凌(Eileen Gu)获得了两金一银的好成绩，她的自信、聪
慧和勤奋给我们留下了深刻印象。假设你是李华，你校外刊开设了“What I Want to Say to
Eileen Gu”专栏，请你给她写一封信，内容如下：
1．对她的成就表示祝贺；2．作为同龄人她对你的影响和启迪；
3．表达祝愿。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文
Dear Eileen，
It is universally acknowledged that the 24th Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics was a great
success.It was you who won two gold and one silver medals，which contributed to the final result
—China at top 3 of the medal list.I am writing to congratulate you on your achievements.The
whole nation is proud of you.Thank you heartedly for what you have done to our country.
Your success and spirit inspire me greatly，and I decide to follow you to do something for our
motherland.I am impressed by your confidence，intelligence and diligence.Your attitude towards
life will never stop influencing my thoughts and actions.
Wish you live a more wonderful life.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
