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专题 15 阅读理解：词意猜测题
备考 2023 年高考英语二轮复习讲练测--测
（原卷版）
时间：40分钟 共20小题
名校最新模拟试题词义猜测（共20小题）
1. (云南省昆明市云南师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高三上学期适应性月考)
Although it can be found in natural vanilla bean extract, vanillin also can be made synthetically using chemicals
coming from petrol. To create it from plastic, instead, researchers genetically modified a strain of E. coli bacteria so that
it can make vanillin from a raw material used in the production of plastic bottles.
33. Which of the following words has the closest meaning to the underlined word “synthetically” in paragraph 3?
A. Naturally. B. Artificially.
C. Biologically. D. Industrially.
2. (四川省树德中学2022-2023学年高三上学期10月阶段性测试)
Overall, Norway is seeing a rapid increase in passenger car this year—more than 35% higher than in 2020. With
electric car sales booming, the future of the VAT exemption has been a top for political debate this year, as law makers
look at how to bolster tax income while also supporting the move away from fossil fuels.
30．What does the underlined word “bolster” in the last paragraph mean?A．Calculate B．Reduce C．Receive D．Increase.
2. ( 山东省东营市第一中学2022-2023学年10月月考 )
In Kansas City, the KC Pet Project is seeing animals surrendered because of their owners’ money problems. “It is sad
to see a number of pets coming in through our doors,” said KC Pet Project Chief Communications Officer Tori Fugate.
“People are calling us every week saying, ‘I don’t want to leave my animal, but I can’t find a place to live with it.’”
9．What does the underlined word “surrendered” in paragraph 4 mean?
A．Hunted for B．Looked over C．Given up D．Handed out
3. (江苏省苏州市2022-2023学年高三期初考试英语试题 )
For Amazon and Netflix, adding games to their platforms could attract more subscribers. Or at the very least
dissuade existing ones from leaving. After a jump caused by pandemic in users, Netflix dropped 430,000 subscribers in
the second quarter but regained some of these in the third quarter. Netflix has said in the past that in the “attention
economy”, it competes against video games just as much as video streaming services.
12．What does the underlined word “dissuade” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．forbid B．discourage C．release D．protect
4. ( 湖南师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高三上学期月考 )
As a result, they make up a smaller share of the workforce. With graduation ceremonies behind them, the latest group
of diploma-holders are entering the job market. What they want from employers is also not quite the same as in
generations past.
28．What does the underlined word “diploma-holders" in the first paragraph refer to?
A．Employees B．Students C．Graduates D．Shareholders
5. (河南省名校联盟2022-2023学年上学期开学考英语试题)
Lotse had shared the story of the blind US mountaineer Erik Weihenmayer, who climbed Qomolangma in May 2001.
Zhang was touched by the story, which ignited his dream of climbing.
5．What does the underlined word “ignited” in paragraph 5 mean?
A．Lighted B．Accomplished C．Followed D．Recalled
6．(河北省保定市2022-2023学年高三9月份考试英语试题)
But research shows there are pathways through the heartache. Listening to sad music is a major one. It can help you
begin to feel joy and hopefulness about your life again. It can activate empathy and the desire to connect with others—
both avenues through the prison of heartache and despair.
What does the underlined word “avenues” in paragraph 2 mean?A．Relations.B．Pathways.C．Stations. D．Struggles.
7.(北京市师范大学附属实验中学2022-2023高三上学期开学摸底考试)
And once an idea gets the green light, it will then be handled by product-design and engineering teams, three-quarters
of whose members are men.
27．The underlined part in Paragraph 2 means ________.
A．hits the market
B．gets approval
C．becomes successful
D．comes into being
8. (北京市八一学校2022-2023学年高三暑期学习反馈英语试题)
Just at this time NASA decided to test some new high-altitude cameras by taking photographs of Yellowstone. A
thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the assumption that they might make a nice
blow-up for one of the visitors’ centers. 26．What does the underlined word “blow-up” in the last paragraph most
probably mean?
A．Hot-air balloon B．Digital camera C. Big photograph D．Bird’s view
9. (2023届河南省洛阳市洛阳创新发展联盟高三摸底考试英语试题)
Researchers from The University of Queensland(UQ)have helped design a new app to protect birds at risk of extinction
across the world by eliminating language barriers among scientists. The Bird Language Diversity web app will help
provide a “birds eye view”, ensuring vital information is shared to improve worldwide conservation.
32．What does the underlined word “eliminating“ in paragraph 1 mean?
A．Giving in to B．Coming across C．Putting up with D．Breaking down
11.（浙江衢州二中2022届高三英语第一次模拟考试）
Recently, a new study has shown that certain cells, called time cells, make this type of memory possible.These cells
help us form clear memories in time order.As memories are being formed, these time cells put a stamp on the
memories.Later, this stamp helps us recount the exact sequence of events and experiences.
5. Which can replace the word “sequence” in the 2nd paragraph?
A. Result B. Number C. Detail D. Order
12.（北京101中学2022届上学期高三年级10月月考英语试卷）
In addition to being more in touch with the food she's eating, another joy comes from passing this knowledge and this
desire for good food to her children: "Influencing them and telling them your opinion on not only being careful what
we eat but understanding the bigger picture," she said, "that if we don't take care of the earth, no will."26. What is the"the bigger picture" (Para. 6) that Loe wishes her children to understand?
A. The knowledge about good food.
B. The way to live a grow-our-own life.
C. The joy of getting in touch with foods.
D. The responsibility to protect our earth.
13. (2022年8月浙江省“山水联盟”高三联考)
The researchers are uncertain why the chimps use the insects, or even which insects they are, but suspect they might
have lenitive properties that could provide pain relief.
9. Which of the following can best replace the word “lenitive” in Paragraph 2?
A. Original B. Relieving C. Refreshing D. Resistant
14.（2022年浙江省七彩阳光新高考研究联盟返校联考）
With that much money at risk for high profits, misleading claims can effectively hamper the flow of money and
resources into really green new plans and businesses, preventing global efforts from dealing with the climate
emergency. “I describe it as the 'teenage years' of responsible investing, with a lot of experimentation, and a lot of
people trying out new things.” says Ashley Hamilton Claxton.
D. The company doesn't say it's “green” and “eco”.
6. What does the underlined word “hamper” probably mean?
A. put B. clarify C. stop D. divide
15.(北京交通大学附中 2023 届高三开学英语诊断练习)
A key aspect of scientific judgment is that it is done collectively. No claim gets accepted until it has been vetted by
dozens, if not hundreds, of heads. In areas that have been contested, like climate science and vaccine safety, it’s
thousands. This is why we are generally justified in not worrying too much if a single scientist, even a very famous one,
disagrees with the claim. And this is why diversity in science — the more people looking at a claim from different
angles — is important.
32. What does the underlined word “vetted” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Examined B. Explained. C. Repeated. D. Released.
16.(广东省东莞市东华高级中学2022-2023学年高三上学期模拟考试)
The moral of this story is... don't give up. Even if things look bleak now, don't give up. Things change If you work
hard, give it time, and don't give up, things will always get better Oftentimes all we need is the courage to push beyond
the river.
6. Which of the following can replace the underlined word "bleak" in the last paragraph?A．unattractive B．Hopeless C. thrilling D．Promising
17.（广东省汕头市金山中学2022-2023学年高三上学期第二次月考）
Hidden under the jungles of the Maya Biosphere Reserve, more than 60,000 human-made features—homes, canals,
highways, some of which can even reach the modernized standard—have been identified by an international
cooperation of researchers headed by the PACUNAM Foundation, a Maya cultural and natural heritage organization.
Those have experts rethinking the outlines and complexity of the Maya empire.
9．What does the underlined word “Those” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A．The jungles of the Reserve. B．The outlines of the Maya empire.
C．The researchers of the organization. D．The man-made projects of the Reserve.
18.（广西北海市2022-2023学年高三上学期9月联考适应性考试）
Dogs are born to socialise with people because we raise them that way. Two-month-old dogs can already recognise
when people are pointing at objects and will stare at our faces when they’re spoken to—both signs that dogs have an
innate capacity to interact with us through body language.
28．What does the underlined word “innate” in paragraph 1 probably mean?
A．Weak. B．Natural. C．Secret. D．Complete.
19.(广东省深圳市光明区2022-2023学年高三第一次模拟考试)
Even long-buried ruins can leave a mark on the surface, affecting the growth of vegetation(植被)and so resulting in
“crop marks”. These outlines become apparent from high above and with instruments attuned to certain wavelengths of
light.
13．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “attuned” in paragraph 2?
A．Compared. B．Adjusted. C．Appealed. D．Launched.
20.(河北省衡水市部分学校2022-2023学年高三上学期9月月考)
Austrian company Tec-Innovation recently unveiled smart shoes that use ultrasonic sensors (声波传感器) to help
people suffering from blindness or vision impairment (损伤) to detect obstacles (障碍物) up to four metres away.
12．What does the underlined word “unveiled” in paragraph 1 probably mean?
A．Purchased. B．Launched. C．Evaluated. D．Promoted.
