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第 01 讲 非限制性定语从句
1．了解非限制性定语从句的概念和用法。
2．可以根据本节课的内容来完成一些习题。
定语从句（限制性和非限制性定语从句的区别）
1.定语从句有时跟先行词的关系并不十分密切，只是作一些补充说明，不起限制作用，这
种从句称为非限制性定语从句。它常常用逗号与主句分开；翻译时常译成并列的分句。例
如：
This note was left by John,who was here a moment ago.
这条子是约翰留下的，他刚才来过这儿。
2. 非限制性定语从句在修饰人时用who(主格),whom(宾格),whose(所有格),即：在定语从句
中关系代词指人做主语时，只能用 who;作宾语时，只能用whom，不能有几种选择，也不
能省略，只有一种答案。在修饰物时用which而不能用that。总之，非限制性定语从句里没
有that，也没有why。
区别项目 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
形式 与主句之间不用逗号隔开，口语中不 与主句之间常用逗号隔开，口语
停顿。 中有停顿。
作用 对先行词的意义进行修饰、限制，若 对先行词起补充说明作用，若省
去掉，则句意不完整。 略，句意仍然清楚、完整。
翻译与含义 翻译在它所修饰的先行词之前，限制 翻译时与主句隔开，对先行词解
先行词。 释说明。
先行词 名词或代词。 名词、代词、短语或句子。
关系词 各类关系词，有几种选择，有时可 不用that和why，一般只有一种
省。 选择，关系词不可省。
非限制性定语从句引导词的选择
关系代词的选择
A．非限制性定语从句的关系代词不能用that。指人时，如引导词作主语用who，作宾
语用whom；指物时要用which。即使引导词作宾语也不能省略。
①Mary，who is from Australia，is an old friend of mine．
玛丽是我的老朋友，她来自澳大利亚。
②Bob's father，who worked on the project，spent four years in Egypt．鲍勃的父亲从事这项工程，在埃及度过了四年。
B．as和which的选择
(1)as和which都可用来引导非限制性定语从句，来指代整个主句的内容。非限制性定
语从句位于句末且as或which在从句中作主语、宾语或表语时，两者常可互换。
He failed in the exam，which／as was natural．
他考试没及格，这很自然。(作主语)
但要注意以下区别：
如果非限制性定语从句位于主句之前或插在主句之中，只能用as。
As we have seen，oceans cover more than 70 percent of the earth．
我们已经看到，海洋占地球面积的70%多。
(2)as常用在一些固定结构中，如as we know／as is known to all(众所周知)，as we all
can see(正如我们大家都能看到的那样)，as is often the case(情况常常是这样)，as might be
imagined(可以想象得到)，as might be expected(正如所预料的那样)，as has been pointed
out(正如所指出的那样)，as has been said before／above(正如前文所述)，as(is) often happens
(像往常一样)。
She has been absent again，as often happens． 像往常一样，她又缺席了。
C．关系代词和关系副词的选择
在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词和关系副词的选择方法和限制性定语从句一样：引
导词在从句中作主语或宾语时，用关系代词；作状语时用关系副词。
The old man has a daughter，who is a doctor．
这位老人有一个女儿，她是医生。(who作主语)
I experienced a hard situation in 2000，where nobody could help me．
我在2000年经历了一段困难处境，没有人能帮我。(where 作状语)
注意：(1)限制性定语从句的先行词只能是一个名词或代词，而非限制性定语从句的先
行词可以是一个词，也可以是一句话。试比较：
The film，which I saw last night，is very interesting．
这是我昨天晚上看过的电影，非常有意思。(先行词为film)
The film is very interesting，which makes me very glad．
这部电影很有意思，这让我很高兴。(先行词为“The film is very interesting”所表达的
内容。)
(2)关系代词替代情况不同。
在限制性定语从句中，先行词指人时，关系代词可用who、that或whom，但在非限制
性定语从句中先行词指人时，关系代词只能用who或whom。
Tom has a brother，that is a worker．(误)
Tom has a brother，who is a worker．(正)关注精品公众号【偷着学】，免费获取更多高中精品资源、最新网课、讲义等
一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1．My physics teacher is my role model, ____________ influence on me has made what I am
today.
2．These include the third mass extinction, known as the “Great Dying”, ________ killed 90% to
96% of all species.
3．Mingying Mall, the height of _________ is 423 meters, is the new iconic attraction in
Dongguan.
4．The room, ________ he lives in alone, is wide and bright.
5．Li Ming, with ________ I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.
6．Mr. Wu, ________ everybody likes, is going to give us a talk on chemistry.
7．The soldiers were tired and hungry, most of _____ had marched for a long time.
8．Tall grasses and trees, dotted the plains, ________were alive with the African wildlife we had
come to see.
9．There are totally three bedrooms in the house, the smallest of _________is Mary’s.
10．Setting a goal for yourself is important, ________ will make you work harder than before.
11．He has three sons, all of ________went abroad for further education.
12．Mr Jones, for ______worked on the farm was very generous about overtime payments.
13．Mary,________sister I shared a room with at college, has gone to work in Germany.
14．________ is known to us students, Nanjing is a famous city for her long history.
15．The gunman, ______ mask had slipped,fled.
16．Previously, water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of
tourists, many of _________ frequently threw garbage into the river.
17．I highly recommend the film The King’s Speech, _______________ King George Ⅵ
succeeds in the end.
18．________ is known to us, Nanjing is a famous city for its long history.
19．We have invited a famous artist, _______________ paintings will be on exhibition during the
event.
20．It is free to communicate with others on WeChat, _______________will save you a lot of
money.
21．The Amazon River , ________ the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometers in
length.
22．______ is shown above, there are two cartoons presenting two quite different situations.
23．Our doctor,________we all liked very much, retired last week.
24．Out of the corner rushed a cat,________ frightened the old man back a few steps.25．My mother，________ guiding principle in life was doing right, had a consistent influence
on me.
26．He said nothing about the matter,________ meant that he had done it.
27．The Chinese hetb qinghao, from_________qinghaosu comes, has been used to cure diseases
for almost 2,000 years.
28．Uncle Tom lives in a mountainous village,________ is distant from here.
29．________ is often the case, people stare at their phones while sitting on the bus.
30．Yesterday she sold her car,________ she bought a month ago.
31．I often visit my English teacher,________ help is important to me.
32．We will put off the picnic in the park until next week,________ the weather will be better.
33．Don’t waste time on jealousy, because life is a long race,________ your only opponent is
yourself in the end.
34．Martin has been out of work for several months,________ makes his wife very upset.
35．Thompson has two plans, neither of ________seems to be practical.
36．Up to now, Susan has created many projects, one of ________ received an award at the
science fair.
37．He completed college at 15,________I could hardly believe.
38．____________ Mo Yan said, if we want to be struck by inspiration, we must go deep into our
lives.
39．Mr. Smith, from ____________ I have learned a lot, is a famous scientist.
40．In China, the number of cities is increasing, ____________ development is recognized across
the world.
41．He usually has lunch in his office, ____________ there are fewer people at lunchtime.
42．She introduced me to her husband, ____________ I hadn’t met before.
43．The story happened in 1769, ____________ there was a war between the two countries.
44．My hometown is Beijing, ____________ is the capital of China.
45．Disneyland, ________consists of several theme areas, is a popular tourist destination.
46．Many young people, most of ________were well-educated, headed for remote regions to
chase their dreams.
47．I made a table, ______surface is quite smooth.
48．Before them the Shenzhou Ⅻ and threemember crews lived inside the Tiangong, ________ is
traveling in lowEarth orbit about 400 kilometers high.
49．The old man has three sons, none of ________ is a doctor.
50．They live in a small house, in front of ________ stands an orange tree.
51．One day, the potter forgot to take the rope, with ___ he tied the donkey every day.
52．________ I explained on the phone, your request would be discussed at the next meeting.
53．They talked about lots of historical figures, many________ I didn’t know.关注精品公众号【偷着学】，免费获取更多高中精品资源、最新网课、讲义等
54．___________ you can see, Tom didn’t attend the meeting.
55．________ is known to us, the moon travels around the earth about once a month.
56．It’s easy to tell the symptons of influenza A, ________ fever, joint pain, vomiting and
diarrhea are common.
57．China Today attracts a worldwide readership, ________ shows that more and more people
all over the world want to learn about China.
58．Nowadays, it is common to see many young people staring at their mobile phones instead of
reading a real book, about_____________many experts are worried.
59．China Daily attracts a worldwide readership,_____________shows that more and more
people all over the world want to learn about China.
60．Tom’s brother,_____________work takes him all over the world, is in Hainan at the moment.
61．Now Irene Astbury works from 9 a.m.to 5 p.m. daily at the pet shop,_____ she opened with
her late husband Les.
62．Later, he worked in Africa,________ many people suffered from blindness for lack of proper
treatment.
63．I was in the middle of the Amazon with my wife, ________ was there as a medical
researcher.
64．In 1897, Joseph John Thomson announced his discovery of the electron(电子),________
which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1906.
65．I would rather my brother were in Beijing, in ___________ case he would accompany me to
the bookstore.
66．Have you ever seen the film Gold Rush, ______describes a special period of the US when
many people went to California to seek for fortune?
67．New York is a mysterious place _____________ some people want to seek their fortune.
68．______________one virtual choir member said, “ Music helps me to ... forget my problems.”
69．I will talk to those students, the homework of _____________ hasn't been finished.
70．He passed the driving test at his first attempt, ______ made him excited.
