热点话题03 世界气候大会在巴西举行——保护
环境 应对气候变化
目录
时文精读------------------------------------------------------------精选外刊原创阅读理解
【原创·阅读理解】
【课标词汇积累】
【课标词汇训练】
【参考译文】
好题精练----------------------------------------------------------精选名校及联考话题专练
【阅读理解】
【阅读7 选5】
【完形填空】
【语法填空】
【话题·导语】
COP30：各国气候大会在巴西召开。
【原文·时文阅读】
文章来源：外文网站
On Monday, the important international climate meeting COP30 （Conference of the Parties ） began in
Belém, Brazil. The United States is skipping the meeting, but leaders from almost 200 other countries from
around the world are working hard to try to reach agreements needed to tackle the climate crisis.
In 2015, the world’s countries signed the “Paris Agreement” to work together to try to limit global warming
to 1.5ºC. In recent years, world leaders have held follow-up “COP” meetings to check in on how the world is doing
in its fight against the climate crisis, and to reach agreements on next steps.
This year’s meeting, COP30, is being held in Belém, Brazil. Brazil’s president, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva,
opened the meeting yesterday. The meeting’s location helps put a focus on the Amazon rainforest, which is
important in the fight against climate change.
读时文精读
Climate experts say that immediate action is needed. There’s concern that the world may soon permanently
go beyond the 1.5ºC temperature increase that countries were trying to avoid.
Ending the use of fossil fuels is one of the most important actions needed. But fossil fuel use has continued to
grow. This trend seems likely to continue. Worldwide, countries are focused on developing Artificial
Intelligence (AI) technology, which demands lots of energy.
The United States, one of the world’s largest and most polluting countries, is not officially attending the
meeting. US President Donald Trump has called climate change a “hoax”.
Since he took office for the second time in January, Mr. Trump has taken many steps to reverse climate
actions the US has taken in the past. His government is actively promoting fossil fuels and working against
renewable energy sources.
But over 100 American state and local leaders are attending the meeting in spite of the official US
government position.
China is leading the way in the climate fight by producing renewable energy technology on a huge scale. Last
year, China added more wind turbines and solar panels than all the rest of the world put together.
One of COP30’s main goals is for countries to move from making promises of climate action to showing
specifically how they’ll keep these promises.
For years, poorer countries have asked richer countries for help dealing with climate change. Wealthy
countries caused most of the pollution that triggered global warming, but poorer countries are often hit hardest by
the effects of the climate crisis.
At COP29, wealthy countries agreed to pay up to $300 billion a year by 2035. But experts say poorer
countries will need around $1.3 trillion a year to prepare for and recover from climate-related damage. An
important COP30 challenge is to figure out how this money might be raised.
UN climate chief Simon Stiell pointed out that no nation can actually afford the growing costs of climate
disasters. This is why immediate action is important.
The meeting is expected to end on November 21. But recent COP meetings have gone longer than expected as
countries struggled to reach agreements.
【原创·阅读理解】
1.This year，the key global climate summit COP30 (Conference of the Parties) kicked off in
___________.
A.France B.Brazil C.China D.The United States
B 细节理解题。根据文章中的On Monday, the important international climate meeting COP30（Conference of
the Parties） began in Belém, Brazil.周一，重要的国际气候会议COP30（缔约方大会第三十次会议）在巴西
贝伦市拉开帷幕。可知，选B。
2.What does the underlined word in the sixth paragraph mean?
A. A trick B. A fact C.A method D.An idea
A 猜测词义题。根据下一段文章内容Since he took office for the second time in January, Mr. Trump has taken
many steps to reverse climate actions the US has taken in the past. His government is actively promoting fossil
fuels and working against renewable energy sources.特朗普今年1 月第二次就任总统后，便采取多项措施试图
推翻美国此前的气候政策。其政府不仅大力推广化石燃料，还积极打压可再生能源发展。可知，此处应该
是特朗普反对的一件事，故推知为A，意为：一个诡计，一个把戏。这是他反对的原因，故选A。
3.What do we know from the text?
A.No American attends the international climate meeting.
B.China plays a leading role in fighting against the climate crisis.
C.All the countries are using AI to better the climate crisis.
D.This year’s meeting,the world’s countries signed the “Paris Agreement”.
B 考查推理判断。根据文章China is leading the way in the climate fight by producing renewable energy
technology on a huge scale. Last year, China added more wind turbines and solar panels than all the rest of the
world put together.中国在气候行动中走在前列，大规模生产可再生能源技术。去年，中国新增的风力涡轮
机和太阳能电池板数量超过了全球其他所有国家的总和。可推知B 正确。
4.What is one of COP30’s main goals？
A.How the countries keep their promises in dealing with climate change.
B.How the countries collect money to fight against the climate change.
C.The wealthy countries agree to pay up to $300 billion a year by 2035.
D.The meeting’s goal is to focus on how to protect the Amazon rainforest.
A 细节理解题。根据文章中的One of COP30’s main goals is for countries to move from making promises of
climate action to showing specifically how they’ll keep these promises.COP30 的主要目标之一是促使各国从作
出气候行动承诺转向具体展示如何兑现这些承诺。可知A 正确。故选A。
tackle focus permanently renewable agreement officially trigger afford wealthy
【课标词汇积累】
1.skip v. 跳；不参加；略过；快速转移；悄悄溜走；打水漂
They strolled along the road, occasionally breaking into a skip while holding each other's arms.
他们挽着手臂沿着马路漫步，时而欢快地蹦跳几步。
2.tackle vt. 着手处理；处理
The students decided to tackle the difficult math problem together, forming a study group to share their
ideas.
学生们决定一起解决这道数学难题，组建了学习小组来分享各自的想法。
3.focus v. 集中；调焦；聚焦；集中光束；焦点，聚光点
To improve their grades, the class made a focus on reviewing past exam papers during study sessions.
为了提高成绩，这个班级在自习课上重点复习了过去的考试试卷。
4.permanently adv. 永久地，长期不变地
The school rules are permanently displayed on the bulletin board to remind everyone of proper behavior.
校规被永久展示在公告栏上，以提醒大家遵守行为规范。
5.renewable adj. 可继续的，可续订的；可更新的；可再生的；可翻新的n. 可再生资源
The library introduced a renewable monthly reading challenge to encourage students to read more.
图书馆推出了可续订的月度阅读挑战活动，鼓励学生多读书。
6.agreement n. 协定；意见一致，相符；同意；协议书；呼应
The student council reached an agreement to extend lunch break by 10 minutes during exam week.
学生会达成协议，同意在考试周将午休时间延长10 分钟。
7.officially adv. 正式地；官方地
The principal will officially announce the new scholarship program at tomorrow's assembly.
校长将在明天的集会上正式宣布新的奖学金计划。
8.trigger vt. 引发，触发；扣…的扳机；发射或使爆炸
The upcoming sports meet will trigger a series of preparatory activities across all classes.
即将到来的运动会将触发各个班级开展一系列准备工作。
9.afford v. 买得起；承受得住；提供；抽得出（时间）
The new study lounge was designed to afford students a comfortable space for group discussions.
新建的学习休息区旨在为学生提供一个舒适的小组讨论空间。
10.wealthy adj. 富有的；富裕的
The school's alumni include many wealthy individuals who now fund educational programs.
学校的校友中有许多现在资助教育项目的富有人士。
【课标词汇训练】
根据语境，从上面的“课标词汇”中选用合适的单词及其正确形式将句子补充完整。
1.The kids frolicked outdoors, a few _____________ with ropes as the rest chanted a playful tune.
孩子们在户外嬉戏，几个跳绳的孩子甩着绳子，其余人哼着欢快的曲调.
2.Our school is launching a new program to _____________ the issue of students arriving late to class.
我们学校正在启动一个新项目来解决学生上课迟到的问题。
3.The teacher reminded us to _____________ on the key points in the textbook instead of memorizing every
detail.
老师提醒我们要专注于课本中的重点，而不是死记硬背每个细节。
4.After the debate competition, her confidence in public speaking improved _____________.
辩论比赛后，她公开演讲的信心得到了永久性的提升。
5.Our classroom's flower arrangement is part of a _____________ project that changes with each season.
我们教室的花艺布置是一个可更新的项目，会随季节变化而更换。
6.After discussion, the class came to an _____________ about dividing group tasks fairly.
经过讨论，班级就公平分配小组任务达成了一致意见。
7.Our school was _____________ recognized as an "Eco-Friendly Campus" by the education bureau.
我们学校被教育局正式评为"环保校园"。
8.A single low test score shouldn't _____________ you to lose confidence in your abilities.
一次考试失利不应该引发你对自己能力的怀疑。
9.This scholarship will help _____________ underprivileged students access to better learning resources.
这项奖学金将帮助贫困学生获得更好的学习资源。
10.While knowledge is more important, having _____________wealthy learning resources certainly helps.
虽然知识更重要，但拥有丰富的学习资源确实很有帮助。
Keys:
1.skipping 2.tackle 3.focus 4.permanently 5.renewable 6.agreement 7.officially 8.trigger 9.afford
10.wealthy
【参考译文】
COP30：各国气候大会在巴西召开
本周一，重要的国际气候会议COP30（缔约方大会第三十次会议）在巴西贝伦市拉开帷幕。尽管美
国缺席此次会议，但来自全球近200 个国家的领导人正努力达成应对气候危机所需的各项协议。
2015 年，世界各国曾共同签署《巴黎协定》，承诺通过合作将全球变暖幅度控制在1.5℃以内。近年
来，各国领导人通过后续系列COP 会议持续评估全球气候治理进展，并就下一步行动达成共识。
本届COP30 会议选址巴西贝伦市具有特殊意义。巴西总统卢拉·达席尔瓦在开幕式致辞中强调，会议
地点选择凸显了亚马孙雨林在应对气候变化中的关键作用。
气候专家警告称，全球正面临紧迫行动窗口期。令人担忧的是，国际社会竭力避免的1.5℃温升阈值
可能即将被永久突破。
淘汰化石燃料是最关键的应对措施之一，但全球化石燃料消费量持续攀升。这种趋势因各国竞相发展
——
人工智能技术而加剧
AI 产业正消耗着惊人的能源。
作为全球最大污染国之一，美国此次未派官方代表团参会。美国总统特朗普曾公开宣称气候变化
是"骗局"。自今年1 月再次就任以来，特朗普政府已推翻多项既有气候政策，大力扶持化石燃料产业，同
时限制可再生能源发展。但仍有逾百名美国州级和地方官员以个人身份参会。
中国在气候斗争中引领潮流，大规模生产可再生能源技术。数据显示，中国去年新增风电和光伏装
机容量超过全球其他国家的总和。
本次会议核心目标在于推动各国从空泛承诺转向具体行动方案。多年来，发展中国家始终呼吁发达国
——
家提供气候援助
正是后者的历史排放导致了全球变暖，但前者却承受着最严重的气候灾难后果。
去年COP29 会议上，发达国家承诺到2035 年实现每年3000 亿美元的气候融资。但专家估算，发展
中国家实际每年需要约1.3 万亿美元资金应对气候灾害。如何填补这一巨大资金缺口，成为COP30 的重要
议题。
联合国气候变化执行秘书西蒙·斯蒂尔指出，面对不断升级的气候灾难成本，没有任何国家能独善其
身，这正是立即采取行动的紧迫性所在。
会议原定于11 月21 日闭幕，但鉴于往届COP 会议常因谈判僵局延期，本届会期仍存变数。
Passage1 阅读理解
练好题精练
（2026·安徽省高三大联考）
Recently, Venice has started charging €5 for day-trippers and limiting the size of tour groups. Rome is
considering a €2 fee to see the Trevi fountain. New Zealand has upped fees for visitors.
Researchers, led by Ya-Yen Sun at the University of Queensland, in Australia, found that between 2009 and
2020, global emissions (排放) from tourism grew by an average of 3.5% a year, double the rate of emissions in
general. Many other industries have managed to break the dependency of growth on emissions. However, tourism’s
“carbon intensity” in 2019 was 30% higher than the global economy’s average, and four times greater than that of
the services sector as a whole, despite international attempts to reduce tourism’s environmental harm. That failure,
in part, seems to be the result of airlines’ lobbying (游说). Initiatives designed to make them greener often prove
ineffective: carriers can sometimes avoid them entirely by using small amounts of sustainable fuel. Moreover,
tourists typically behave in a more emissions-intensive way than at home, eating out, shopping and living the high
life. Because their emissions come from so many sources, it is hard for countries to know how to account for it all.
Dr. Sun also found that tourism, and its emissions, are not distributed evenly. The 20 countries with the most
tourism emissions per person were responsible for three-quarters of the global footprint, with rich countries
unsurprisingly having far greater per-head emissions from tourism than poorer ones.
All these lead the researchers to argue that — as well as tightening regulation for aviation ( 航空) —
governments must do a better job in adding up the emissions that tourists generate, and setting limits for the
numbers they allow in. That could be unpopular with places that are keen to attract travellers who want to spend
money.
But policymakers can help in other ways, too: the best way to reduce tourism’s footprint is to speed up the
change to renewable-energy sources, so those activities lead to as few emissions as possible.
1．Why are Venice, Rome and New Zealand mentioned in paragraph 1?
A．To compare different standards of travel fees.
B．To highlight the economic benefits of tourism.
C．To reflect the attempts to control tourism wave.
D．To criticize the high fees charged by tourist destinations.
2．Which of the following is supported by Dr. Sun’s findings?
A．Rich nations cause more per-person tourism emissions.
B．Tourism emissions have decreased due to global efforts.
C．Domestic travel produces more emissions than travelling abroad.
D．International commitment to reduce emission turns out a failure.
3．What is the most effective method to reduce tourism emissions?
A．Setting limits on air travel frequency.
B．Speeding up renewable energy adoption.
C．Making strict rules for tourism in rich nations.
D．Increasing entrance fees for all tourist attractions.
4．What is the best title for the text?
A．The Annoying Visits
B．The Troubling Aviation
C．The Growing Emissions
D．The Alarming Environment
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了全球旅游业碳排放问题，包括其增长速度、各国间的差异以及
减少排放的建议。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Recently, Venice has started charging €5 for day-trippers and limiting the size of
tour groups. Rome is considering a €2 fee to see the Trevi fountain. New Zealand has upped fees for visitors.(最近，
威尼斯开始对一日游游客收取5 欧元，并限制旅游团的规模。罗马正在考虑对参观特雷维喷泉收取2 欧元
的费用。新西兰提高了游客的费用。)”可知，第一段提到威尼斯、罗马和新西兰是为了反映它们都在尝试
采取措施控制旅游热潮。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Dr. Sun also found that tourism, and its emissions, are not distributed evenly. The
20 countries with the most tourism emissions per person were responsible for three-quarters of the global footprint,
with rich countries unsurprisingly having far greater per-head emissions from tourism than poorer ones.(孙博士还
发现，旅游业及其排放的分布并不均匀。人均旅游排放量最多的20 个国家占了全球足迹的四分之三，不出
所料，富裕国家的人均旅游排放量远高于贫穷国家。)”可知，孙博士发现富裕国家人均旅游排放量更多。
故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“But policymakers can help in other ways, too: the best way to reduce tourism’s
footprint is to speed up the change to renewable-energy sources, so those activities lead to as few emissions as
possible.(但政策制定者也可以通过其他方式提供帮助：减少旅游足迹的最佳方法是加快向可再生能源的转
变，使这些活动产生的排放尽可能少。)”可知，加快采用可再生能源是减少旅游排放最有效的方法。故选
B。
4．主旨大意题。文章主要讨论了全球旅游业碳排放问题，包括其增长速度、各国间的差异以及减少排放
的建议。其中第一段提到威尼斯、罗马和新西兰都在采取措施控制旅游热潮，第二段提到旅游业碳排放的
增长速度，第三段提到旅游业碳排放的分布不均，最后一段提到减少旅游足迹的最佳方法。整篇文章都在
围绕旅游业碳排放问题展开，而旅游业碳排放问题与游客的参观行为密切相关，游客的参观行为导致了碳
排放的增加，因此，选项A“恼人的参观”作为标题最符合文章主旨。故选A。
【长难句分析】
【文章原句】Researchers, led by Ya-Yen Sun at the University of Queensland, in Australia, found that between
2009 and 2020, global emissions (排放) from tourism grew by an average of 3.5% a year, double the rate of emissions
in general.
【句式分析】 这个句子是一个复合句，包含多个分句和修饰成分。led by Ya-Yen Sun at the University of
Queensland 是过去分词短语作短语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，that 后是宾语从句，double the rate of
emissions in general 形容词短语作定语。
【翻译】澳大利亚昆士兰大学的孙亚燕领导的研究人员发现，2009 年至2020 年期间，全球旅游业的排放平
均每年增长3.5%，是总体排放率的两倍。
Passage2 阅读理解
（2025·陕西省西安市铁一中学高三第六次模拟）
Artificial intelligence — or AI — is the computer code that allows a machine to do something that normally
requires a human brain. On TikTok, for instance, AI sorts the posts so that the first ones you see are likely to be
those you’d prefer. But before an AI can do any of that, developers must train it.
While a small percentage of AI systems are trained using low-emission sources such as solar, hydro, or
nuclear power, the overwhelming majority still depend on the conventional energy mix supplied by national grids.
In many parts of the world, that energy mix leads to significant carbon emissions, prompting growing concerns
over the environmental footprint of energy-hungry AI models.
Language-processing AI systems develop their abilities by devouring large collections of written content,
which may include everything from online articles to digitized books in multiple languages. Training them takes
extended time and constant system activity, often depending on powerful machines running without interruption. To
translate between English and Chinese, for example, an AI model may deal with millions or even billions of
translated books and articles. In this way, it learns which words and phrases match. Later, when given a new text, it
recommends its own translation.
To compare how different activities affect the climate, researchers often combine the impacts of all
greenhouse gases into what they call CO2 equivalents. In 2019, researchers calculated the impact of developing an
AI model named Transformer. It released a whopping 626, 000 pounds of carbon dioxide equivalents. That’s equal
to the greenhouse gases that would be poured by five American cars from when they were made to when they were
junked.
Today, most AI development happens at data centers. These computer-filled buildings account for some 2
percent US electricity use and 1 percent of global energy use. As AI models grow larger and more computationally
demanding, these figures are expected to rise. Some experts have sounded the alarm, warning that the unchecked
energy appetite of such systems may soon pose a significant threat to global sustainability efforts. With rising
energy demands, AI’s expansion signals more than just innovation — where it leads remains uncertain.
5．What is AI training mainly energized by?
A．Fossil fuels.
B．Clean resources.
C．Nuclear energy.
D．Greenhouse gases.
6．What do we know about the language-processing AI systems?
A．They skip digitalized materials.
B．They are domain-specific.
C．They may outperform human translators. D．They are energy-intensive.
7．Why does the author mention Transformer in paragraph 4?
A．To suggest AI emissions match those from big polluters.
B．To explain how AI handles language in training sessions.
C．To show AI is possibly outpacing traditional industries.
D．To stress the environmental cost of AI development.
8．What does the author imply in the last paragraph?
A．AI’s expansion may overwhelm data center systems.
B．The energy footprint of AI deserves close attention.
C．AI’s development raises social and moral concerns.
D．Cutting AI-related emissions calls for public efforts.
【答案】5．A 6．D 7．D 8．B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讨论了人工智能（AI）的能源消耗问题，指出其对环境的影响日益显著，
尤其是数据中心的能耗不断增加，引发了对全球可持续性的担忧。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段“While a small percentage of AI systems are trained using low-emission sources
such as solar, hydro, or nuclear power, the overwhelming majority still depend on the conventional energy mix
supplied by national grids.(虽然一小部分人工智能系统使用太阳能、水电或核能等低排放源进行训练，但绝
大多数人工智能系统仍依赖国家电网提供的传统能源结构)”可知，绝大多数AI 系统依赖国家电网提供的传
统能源组合，而传统能源主要指化石燃料。故选A 项。
6．推理判断题。根据第三段“Language-processing AI systems develop their abilities by devouring large
collections of written content, which may include everything from online articles to digitized books in multiple
languages. Training them takes extended time and constant system activity, often depending on powerful machines
running without interruption.(语言处理AI 系统通过大量吸收各种书面内容来发展其能力，这些内容可能包括
从在线文章到多种语言的数字化书籍。训练它们需要花费大量时间，并且需要持续的系统活动，通常依赖
于不间断运行的强大机器)”可知，训练语言处理AI 需要长时间不间断运行高性能机器，这些机器运行消耗
大量传统能源，所以训练语言处理AI 是高耗能的过程，它们是能源密集型的。故选D 项。
7．推理判断题。根据第四段“To compare how different activities affect the climate, researchers often combine
the impacts of all greenhouse gases into what they call CO2 equivalents. In 2019, researchers calculated the impact
of developing an AI model named Transformer. It released a whopping 626, 000 pounds of carbon dioxide
equivalents. That’s equal to the greenhouse gases that would be poured by five American cars from when they were
made to when they were junked.(为了比较不同活动对气候的影响，研究人员通常将所有温室气体的影响合并
为他们所说的二氧化碳当量。2019 年，研究人员计算了一个名为Transformer 的AI 模型的开发影响。它释
放了惊人的626,000 磅二氧化碳当量。这相当于五辆美国汽车从制造到报废所排放的温室气体总量)”可知，
通过Transformer 模型排放62.6 万磅CO₂ 的实例，强调AI 开发需付出的环境代价。故选D 项。
8．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Today, most AI development happens at data centers. These computer-filled
buildings account for some 2 percent US electricity use and 1 percent of global energy use. As AI models grow
larger and more computationally demanding, these figures are expected to rise. Some experts have sounded the
alarm, warning that the unchecked energy appetite of such systems may soon pose a significant threat to global
sustainability efforts. With rising energy demands, AI’s expansion signals more than just innovation — where it
leads remains uncertain.(如今，大多数人工智能开发都发生在数据中心。这些充满电脑的建筑占美国用电量
的2%，占全球用电量的1%。随着人工智能模型变得越来越大，对计算的要求也越来越高，这些数字预计
还会上升。一些专家已经敲响了警钟，他们警告说，这些系统不受控制的能源需求可能很快就会对全球可
持续发展的努力构成重大威胁)”可知，数据中心能耗巨大，且AI 模型扩大将加剧能源需求，专家警告其威
胁可持续发展，暗示需重视能源足迹。故选B 项。
【词汇积累】
1.normally adv. 通常；正常地 2.prefer v. 较喜欢 3.percentage n. 百分比；提成 4.overwhelming adj. 势不
可挡的，压倒一切的，巨大的 5.significant adj. 重要的；显著的；意味深长的 6. environmental adj. 环境
的；自然/生态环境的7.interruption n. 中断；打断；障碍物；打岔的事 8.computationally 从计算方面上讲
9.sustainability n. 持续性，能维持性，永续性 10.innovation n. 改革，创新；新观念；新发明；新设施
Passage 3 阅读七选五
（2026·云南昭通一中等三校高考备考实用性联考卷（四））
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Reuse: The Quiet Engine of a Circular Economy
Reuse is fast becoming the backbone of circular economics. By keeping products in use longer — before
they are recycled or re-manufactured — it delivers social wins that statistics rarely capture.
A 2023 Suez UK report predicts that, by 2028, reuse organizations could handle over 15 million items
annually.
1
. Their findings show that reuse is no longer just “nice to have”; it is a multidimensional tool for
public good.
2
By offering high-quality reused items at low prices, reuse organizations directly relieve financial strain on
households, particularly those struggling with the rising cost of living. This access to affordable goods enhances
living standards and reduces economic inequality.
New jobs in the repair and reuse economy
Every sofa rescued needs a repair bench, a delivery van and a sales floor.
3
. Local colleges in
Brighton already run short courses funded by reuse centers, turning redundant (冗余的) retail workers into certified
technicians.
Lower unemployment with used devices
4
. Once equipped, the unemployed can enroll in online courses, apply for vacancies or even start micro-
businesses — closing the loop (环) between social inclusion and economic growth.
Greater capture of rare earth metals
Taking apart end-of-life products for reuse recovers valuable rare-earth metals, cutting environmentally
damaging mining and boosting resource security.
5
. By extending product life, reuse reduces new
manufacturing, lowering carbon emissions and combating climate change.
A．Reduced bills for residents
B．Fewer new product purchases
C．Online courses provide positions for the jobless
D．It also reduces the carbon footprint of production
E．Second-hand laptops remove the first employment barrier
F．These steps create paid traineeships for the long-term unemployed
G．A CIWM study backs up this message, arguing that reuse transfers waste and creates jobs
【答案】1．G 2．A 3．F 4．E 5．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍再利用成为循环经济的核心，从经济减负、创造就业、助力失业者、
资源回收和减排等方面阐述其多维度社会效益。
1．根据空前“A 2023 Suez UK report predicts that, by 2028, reuse organizations could handle over 15 million
items annually.(2023 年英国苏伊士集团的一份报告预测，到2028 年，再利用机构每年可处理超过1500 万件
物品。)”以及空后“Their findings show that reuse is no longer just 'nice to have'; it is a multidimensional tool for
public good.(他们的研究结果表明，再利用不再仅仅是“可有可无”的，它是一种促进公共利益的多维度工
具。)”中的Their findings 可知，此空应衔接前文报告，引出相关研究结论，G 选项“A CIWM study backs
up this message, arguing that reuse transfers waste and creates jobs(英国特许废物管理协会的一项研究支持这一
观点，认为再利用能够转化废物并创造就业机会)”中的this message 指代前文报告内容，且Their findings 对
应A CIWM study 的研究结果，符合语境。故选G 项。
2．分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的小标题，与其他段落小标题结构一致，应为名词短语形式，根据空后
“By offering high-quality reused items at low prices, reuse organizations directly relieve financial strain on
households, particularly those struggling with the rising cost of living.(再利用机构以低价提供高质量的二手物品，
直接减轻了家庭的经济压力，尤其是那些受生活成本上涨影响的家庭。)”可知，本段核心是再利用能为居
民减轻经济负担，A 选项“Reduced bills for residents(为居民减少开支)”能概括本段主题，且符合小标题结
构要求。故选A 项。
3．根据空前“Every sofa rescued needs a repair bench, a delivery van and a sales floor.(每一件被回收的沙发都
需要维修工作台、送货车和销售场地。)”以及空后“Local colleges in Brighton already run short courses
funded by reuse centers, turning redundant retail workers into certified technicians.(布莱顿的当地学院已经开设
了由再利用中心资助的短期课程，将冗余的零售工人培养成合格的技术人员。)”可知，空前提到再利用涉
及的多个环节，空后讲相关培训，此空应衔接环节与就业培训，F 选项“These steps create paid traineeships
for the long-term unemployed(这些步骤为长期失业者创造了带薪实习机会)”中的These steps 指代前文提到的
维修、运输、销售等环节，且与后文培训内容呼应，符合语境。故选F 项。
4．根据本段小标题“Lower unemployment with used devices(利用二手设备降低失业率)”及空后“Once
equipped, the unemployed can enroll in online courses, apply for vacancies or even start micro-businesses —
closing the loop (环) between social inclusion and economic growth. (一旦配备了这些设备，失业者便可以报名
参加在线课程、申请职位，甚至创办微型企业——从而打通社会包容与经济增长之间的闭环。)”可知，空
后中的equipped 指代二手设备，此空应明确具体的二手设备类型，E 选项“Second-hand laptops remove the
first employment barrier(二手笔记本电脑消除了第一个就业障碍)”中的Second-hand laptops 属于used
devices，且与空后“配备设备后失业者的行动”衔接紧密，符合语境。故选E 项。
5．根据空前“Taking apart end-of-life products for reuse recovers valuable rare-earth metals, cutting
environmentally damaging mining and boosting resource security.(拆解报废产品进行再利用可以回收宝贵的稀
土金属，减少破坏环境的采矿活动，增强资源安全性。)”以及空后“By extending product life, reuse reduces
new manufacturing, lowering carbon emissions and combating climate change.(通过延长产品寿命，再利用减少
了新的制造业活动，降低了碳排放，应对了气候变化。)”可知，此空应继续阐述再利用的环境效益，D 选
项“It also reduces the carbon footprint of production(它还减少了生产过程中的碳足迹)”中的It 指代reuse，
also 承接前文的环境效益，且与空后“降低碳排放”形成呼应，符合语境。故选D 项。
Passage 4 完形填空
Most of us think of electricity only when something goes wrong. A storm
1
the power out, or
there’s a short in the wiring, or the monthly bill is unexpectedly high. Normally, we switch on, the juice flows, and
we think nothing of it.
According to the International Energy Agency, rising overall demand for electricity is outstripping (超过) the
world’s efforts to improve efficiency and boost renewables. The fact is, economic development will inevitably
require greater
2
of electricity. It is increasingly clear that nuclear power plants must play an important
role in this equation (制衡关系).
Nuclear power is, in many ways, the most promising source of zero-carbon electricity. Unlike solar, wind
and water power, electricity from nuclear plants is
3
. Generators keep running when the sun is not
shining, the wind is not blowing and water levels are low. Nevertheless, the industry has an uncertain and
dangerous
4
. Take the United States as an example. There are fewer commercial reactors (商用核反应
堆) in
5
today in the country than there were a generation ago. This year could see three commercial
reactors
6
. There are plans to shut down about 20 more over the coming years.
The problem is a misunderstanding of
7
. Humans are constantly exposed to radiation (辐射) —
from the sun, from the universe, from the very ground we walk on. The alarming near-meltdown at Pennsylvania’s
Three Mile Island plant in 1979
8
exposed neighbors to about one-sixth the radiation dose they would
receive from having a single X-ray.
Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates is one of a growing number of
9
who believe that cheaper,
smaller reactors must play a significant part in the post-carbon energy mix (能源结构). His company Terra Power
has announced plans to build a next-generation nuclear reactor at the site of a former coal-fired power plant in
Wyoming. The goal is to prove that nuclear power can be
10
to the grid (输电网) at a competitive price
and on a reasonable timeline.
I'm an optimistic supporter of renewable energy sources. I’m also a (n)
11
student of the various
impediments (阻碍) to the growth of these sources. I agree with Gates that the surest path to net-zero carbon
emissions is one that
12
every non-carbon energy source, including nuclear power. The model to have in
mind is not the hulking plant like Chernobyl. Instead, let's consider the small, reliable reactors that have
13
the United States' submarines and aircraft carriers. In 50-plus years of cruising, they have had no
14
.
Carbon emissions and other greenhouse gases are the environmental challenge of our age. Nuclear power is
one tool for
15
ourselves of them — while keeping the lights on.
1．A．breaks
B．knocks
C．moves
D．sends
2．A．costs
B．distribution
C．qualities
D．supplies
3．A．affordable
B．movable
C．predictable
D．variable
4．A．impact
B．potential
C．reputation
D．tendency
5．A．charge
B．demand
C．operation
D．preparation
6．A．rebuilt
B．refunded
C．restored
D．retired
7．A．instructions
B．policies
C．risks
D．tasks
8．A．critically
B．exceedingly
C．ultimately
D．vigorously
9．A．employers
B．investors
C．operators
D．researchers
10．A．added
B．compared
C．exposed
D．returned
11．A．idealistic
B．ignorant
C．prospective
D．realistic
12．A．eliminates
B．identifies
C．maximizes
D．minimizes
13．A．assembled
B．developed
C．powered
D．rode
14．A．accident
B．implication
C．improvement
D．performance
15．A．accusing
B．reminding
C．ridding
D．warning
【答案】
1．B 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．C 6．D 7．C 8．C 9．B 10．A 11．D
12．C 13．C 14．A 15．C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述电力需求增长，核电作为零碳能源前景好且稳定，虽声誉受风险误解
影响，但应被纳入无碳能源以减排。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：暴风雨导致停电，或者线路短路，或者每月账单高得离谱。A. breaks 打破；
B. knocks 撞击、使中断；C. moves 移动；D. sends 发送。根据下文“the power out”可知，暴风雨会导致电
力中断，knock out 有“使停止运转” 之意，符合语境。故选B 项。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实是，经济发展将不可避免地需要更多的电力供应。A. costs 成本；B.
distribution 分配；C. qualities 质量；D. supplies 供应。根据上文“rising overall demand for electricity”可知，
对电力的需求上升意味着需要更多供应，supplies 符合语境。故选D 项。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与太阳能、风能和水力发电不同，核电站的电力是可预测的。A.
affordable 负担得起的；B. movable 可移动的；C. predictable 可预测的；D. variable 可变的。根据下文
“Generators keep running when the sun is not shining, the wind is not blowing and water levels are low”可知，核
电不受自然条件限制，输出稳定可预测，predictable 符合语境。故选C 项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，这个行业的声誉不确定且危险。A. impact 影响；B. potential 潜力；C.
reputation 声誉；D. tendency 趋势。根据下文“There are plans to shut down about 20 more over the coming
years.”中反应堆关闭情况以及人们对核辐射的误解可知，核电行业声誉不佳，reputation 符合语境。故选C
项。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，美国正在运行的商用反应堆比一代人以前更少。A. charge 负责；B.
demand 需求；C. operation 运行；D. preparation 准备。根据下文“there are plans to shut down about 20 more”
可知，此处指正在运行的反应堆，operation 符合语境。故选C 项。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年可能会有三座商用反应堆退役。A. rebuilt 重建；B. refunded 退款；C.
restored 恢复；D. retired 退役。根据下文“plans to shut down about 20 more”可知，此处指反应堆停止运行，
retired 符合语境。故选D 项。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题在于对风险的误解。A. instructions 说明；B. policies 政策；C. risks 风险；
D. tasks 任务。根据下文“Humans are constantly exposed to radiation (辐射) — from the sun, from the universe,
from the very ground we walk on”对核辐射的解释可知，这里指人们误解了核电的风险，risks 符合语境。故
选C 项。
8．考查副词词义辨析。句意：1979 年宾夕法尼亚州三哩岛核电站的近乎熔毁事故，最终使邻居受到的辐
射剂量仅为一次X 光检查的六分之一。A. critically 关键地；B. exceedingly 极其；C. ultimately 最终；D.
vigorously 有力地。根据下文“exposed neighbors to about one-sixth the radiation dose they would receive from
having a single X-ray”以及语境可知，此处指事故最终造成的辐射情况，ultimately 符合语境。故选C 项。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：微软联合创始人比尔
盖茨是越来越多的投资者之一，他们认为更便宜、
・
更小的反应堆必须在后碳能源结构中发挥重要作用。A. employers 雇主；B. investors 投资者；C. operators
经营者；D. researchers 研究者。根据下文“His company Terra Power has announced plans to build”可知，盖
茨作为投资者参与其中，investors 符合语境。故选B 项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：目标是证明核能可以以具有竞争力的价格并在合理的时间内接入电网。A.
added 添加、接入；B. compared 比较；C. exposed 暴露；D. returned 返回。根据下文“to the grid”可知，这
里指将核电接入电网，added 符合语境。故选A 项。
11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我也是一名现实的学生，研究这些能源增长的各种障碍。A. idealistic 理
想主义的；B. ignorant 无知的；C. prospective 未来的；D. realistic 现实的。根据下文“I agree with Gates that
the surest path to net-zero carbon emissions is one that
every non-carbon energy source, including nuclear
power.”可知，作者既支持可再生能源，也认识到其发展障碍，体现现实态度，realistic 符合语境。故选D
项。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我同意盖茨的观点，即实现净零碳排放最可靠的途径是最大限度地利用每
一种无碳能源，包括核能。A. eliminates 消除；B. identifies 识别；C. maximizes 最大化；D. minimizes 最小
化。根据下文“every non-carbon energy source”可知，要实现净零排放，需充分利用各种无碳能源，
maximizes 符合语境。故选C 项。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，让我们考虑为美国潜艇和航空母舰提供动力的小型、可靠的反应堆。
A. assembled 组装；B. developed 发展；C. powered 为……提供动力；D. rode 骑。根据下文“the United
States’ submarines and aircraft carriers”可知，这里指反应堆为舰艇提供动力，powered 符合语境。故选C 项。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在50 多年的巡航中，它们没有发生过任何事故。A. accident 事故；B.
implication 含义；C. improvement 改进；D. performance 表现。根据上文“they have had no ”可知，此处强调
小型反应堆的安全性，没有事故，accident 符合语境。故选A 项。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：核能是摆脱它们（碳排放和其他温室气体）的一种工具，同时保持照明。
A. accusing 指责；B. reminding 提醒；C. ridding 摆脱；D. warning 警告。根据下文“ourselves of them”可知，
这里指摆脱碳排放和其他温室气体，rid oneself of 表示“摆脱”，符合语境。故选C 项。
Passage 5 语法填空
（2026·山西省晋中市平遥县调研）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Wang Xin, a marketing manager based in Shanghai, paid special attention to the carbon consumption figures
shown on a flight booking platform. “When booking a flight, I will first check the flights
1
meet my time
requirements. If multiple flights within the time range are approximately the same price, I will
2
(definite)
choose the one with
3
(little) carbon consumption.” Wang says.
Business travelers like Wang have shown a
4
(prefer) for trips that leave a smaller carbon footprint,
according to a recent report. More than 60 percent of its business customers have options
5
low-carbon
travel products. “The low-carbon travel trend began in 2022 when we launched flight carbon emission data, which
has been recognized by
6
increasing number of business clients,” says Zha Jun, an official with the travel
management division.
Afterwards, the carbon emission data of hotels, trains and cars
7
(add) up to now. Business travelers
have been encouraged to use new energy vehicles and save electricity and water at hotels, as well as food on flights.
Those
8
(choose) low-carbon travel products can also get rewards, such as air miles and credits that can be
used
9
(reduce) future travel costs.
According to the US-headquartered Global Business Travel Association, 25 percent of companies worldwide
consider carbon footprint and sustainability important in business travel. Among
10
(they), 35 percent
have carried out sustainable policies.
【答案】
1．that/which 2．definitely 3．less 4．preference 5．for 6．an 7．have been added
8．choosing 9．to reduce 10．them
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了低碳旅行越来越受欢迎。
1．考查定语从句。句意：当预订航班时，我会首先查看符合我时间要求的航班。空处引导定语从句，先
行词the flights，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词that/which 引导。故填that/which。
2．考查副词。句意：如果时间范围内的多个航班价格大致相同，我肯定会选择碳排放更少的航班。修饰
动词will choose，需用副词definitely，作状语。故填definitely。
3．考查形容词比较级。句意同上。空处需填形容词作定语，表示“更少的”应用形容词比较级less。故填
less。
4．考查名词。句意：根据最近的一份报告，像王这样的商务旅行者已经表现出对碳足迹较小的旅行的偏
好。不定冠词a 修饰单数可数名词，空处需填名词preference 作宾语。故填preference。
5．考查介词。句意：超过60%的企业客户可以选择低碳旅游产品。have options for 为固定搭配，意为
“有……的选择”。故填for。
6．考查冠词。句意：“低碳旅行趋势始于2022 年，当时我们推出了航班碳排放数据，这得到了越来越多
商业客户的认可，”差旅管理部门官员查军表示。a number of 为固定搭配，意为“很多的”，空处需填冠
词，increasing 发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an。故填an。
7．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：之后，将酒店、火车和汽车的碳排放数据相加至今。根据时间
状语“up to now”可知，使用现在完成时，data 和add 为被动关系，需用被动语态，data 为复数形式，助动
词用have。故填have been added。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：那些选择低碳出行产品的人还可以获得奖励，比如航空里程和积分，这些都
可以用来降低未来的出行成本。空处需填非谓语动词，作后置定语，修饰those，choose 和those 为逻辑主
谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填choosing。
9．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。be used to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“被用来做某事”。故填to reduce。
10．考查代词。句意：其中，35%的企业已经实施了可持续发展政策。介词among 后面需填代词的宾格形
式。故填them。
