考前猜押 04 阅读理解社会生活类说明文
1.押题指导原则：
2026年教育部命题指导思想：优化试题呈现方式和素材选取，融入科技前沿动态，浸润人文教育元素，加
强项目式、探究式的真实情境问题设计，更好考查学生关键能力、学科素养和思维品质。
2.押题依据分析：
猜押 押题
3年真题 词数 话题 考情分析
考点 依据
社会生活
类文章强
2025全国二卷 D 文章介绍了食物浪
C334 化了人文
阅读理解D 费问题
关怀、促
进了创新
思维模式
的建立和
2024年新高考 C ： C 篇介绍了巴比伦微
社会责任
Ⅱ卷阅读C篇 268 农场（BMF）的一些 感 的 内
主要优势 化。培养
学生的社
社会生活类文章在高考阅读理
会参与感
解中频繁出现，社会生活与每个
阅读 和道德担
理解 2024年北京卷 C376 C 人类道德规范的起 人息息相关。社会生活包括我们 当。
生活中的方方面面的问题和现
阅读理解D篇 源进行讨论
科普 象，了解社会现象、进行深入分
析，然后找到解决问题的方法是
说明
主流。鲜明地彰显了命题人旨在
文
培养新一代青年学子独立思考、
2023年新高考 C ：
C 篇倡导简单的数字 理性判断的教育导向。
I卷阅读C篇 318
生活方式
2023年全国乙 英国烹饪节目的影响
C291
阅读C篇 下改变对烹饪的看法
2023年新高考 C ：
C 篇介绍了印刷书籍
Ⅱ卷阅读C篇 326
和阅读对人类的重要
意义押题预测目录
一、数字设备的社会影响 四、社会消费
二、城市与生活 五、家庭、社会关系
三、社会现象分析 六、教育
一、数字设备的社会影响
押题1
词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由
302 丹麦政府禁 说明文 细节理解 社会生活类文章强化了人文关怀、促进了创新思维模式的建
止15岁以下 立和社会责任感的内化。培养学生的社会参与感和道德担
推理判断
儿童使用特 当。
定社交媒体 主旨大意
In today’s world, more and more young people use the internet to connect with others. They even keep in
touch by sharing short videos on apps like TikTok and YouTube. However, it’s often difficult to tell if the content is
good for them. Under this background, the Danish government announced to stop children under 15 from using
certain social media platforms. This plan shows a key problem for modern parents: while social media is a big part
of young people’s lives, its possible harmful impact is becoming more concerning.
The government made this decision based on distinct data and social trends. National surveys in Denmark
show that most children under 13 are already active on social media. Officials say that young people are easily
influenced by the questionable content on these platforms. Seeing one-sided opinions can lead to poor thinking
about complicated issues, which may weaken their ability to think critically. Also, the need to be online all the time
can ruin sleep quality and weaken the concentration needed for learning and healthy growth.
Nevertheless, putting this policy into practice is full of challenges. In a world where children can easily
access screens, the biggest problem lies in how to make it work effectively. The proposal suggests a system with
different rules for different ages: children aged 13 to 15 need parental agreement, while those under 10 are not
allowed at all. Denmark also has to talk with big technology companies, since they often care more about their data
and profit than users’ health, especially for younger users.Denmark’s decision marks an important change. For other countries, like Australia, Denmark’s experiment
will be watched closely. It raises a basic question: in the digital age, does creating a safer environment for children
require us to rethink the boundaries of the online world itself?
1．Why did the Danish government announce the social media ban?
A．To address the harms of short-video on children.
B．To reduce the influence of technology advances.
C．To protect children from unproven information.
D．To limit the frequent digital interaction among children.
2．What might be the result of being active on social media early?
A．Efficient sleep patterns. B．Possible mental illness
C．Potential attention failure. D．Sharp and critical mindsets.
3．What can be inferred about the practice of the ban?
A．It achieved certain impact. B．It proposed various strategies.
C．It engaged cultural cooperation. D．It deserved efforts from companies.
4．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Rethinking the Digital Playground B．Denmark’s Challenge in Digital Age
C．The Global Fight Against Social Media D．Social Media on Children’s Development
押题2
词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由
331 讨论了儿 说明文 细节理解 社会生活类文章强化了人文关怀、促进了创新思维模式的建
童和青少 立和社会责任感的内化。培养学生的社会参与感和道德担
推理判断
年过度依 当。
赖电子设 主旨大意
备的现象
The youngest members of society — children and teenagers — are growing up in a digitalized world, where
they are increasingly dependent on electronic devices. Many children engage with screens as early as babyhood and
early childhood. Instead of interacting with playmates, children often find themselves buried in single-player
games. Even family dinners are now frequently dominated by screens rather than meaningful interactions.
Developmental psychologists warn that this phenomenon could have long-term effects. “Children need in-
person interactions to build empathy and emotional regulation,” said Dr. Daniel, a clinical psychiatrist. “Without
those formative experiences, they’re at risk of becoming adults who struggle to deal with relationships that involve
complex social interactions and emotions.” He described in his article America’s Loneliness epidemic: What Is toBe Done?
Studies indicate that prolonged contact with digital devices during critical developmental years can influence
the growth of the prefrontal cortex (前额叶皮层), the part of the brain responsible for decision-making and
empathy. These changes may leave children ill-equipped to navigate the complexities of adult relationships,
creating a cycle of isolation. Teenagers are perhaps the most at-risk group in the loneliness crisis. In the period of
two decades, in-person social interaction among teens has dropped by 70%, replaced largely by digital
communication. Social media platforms make it seem that people are connected, but they often make people feel
worse about themselves and left out.
The damage to people’s minds is really bad. Depression and anxiety rates among teenagers have increased,
and studies by Dr. Vivek link social media use to loneliness and confirm it. For teens, loneliness is not just an
emotional state but a sign of life-threatening mental health crises. So it is essential to solve the problem of
children’s dependence on digital devices through various approaches. These include establishing clear guidelines on
screen time, encouraging activities that promote social development, and educating children about the importance
of a balanced lifestyle. By doing so, we can create an environment that supports the overall well-being of children.
1．What can we learn from paragraph1?
A．Young people lack self-discipline.
B．Young people rely too much on digital devices.
C．Children like burying themselves in interactive games.
D．Family members frequently have meaningful interactions.
2．What potential harm does the phenomenon do to teenagers according to Dr. Daniel?
A．Reducing their problem-solving ability.
B．Impacting the development of their social responsibility.
C．Weakening their ability to manage complicated relationships.
D．Increasing their struggle for self-independence.
3．What can be done to solve the mental health crises?
A．Having real-life interactions. B．Supporting digital exploration.
C．Encouraging tech engagement. D．Receiving specific training.
4．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．The growing use of digital devices among children.
B．Ways to enhance children’s social abilities.
C．The influence of digital overuse on the young.D．The benefits of limiting screen time for teenagers.
押题3
词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由
373 人与数字 说明文 猜测词义 社会生活类文章强化了人文关怀、促进了创新思维模式的建
人建立深 立和社会责任感的内化。培养学生的社会参与感和道德担
推理判断
厚情感联 当。
系 主旨大意
A recent study on digital human (数字人) industry has uncovered a noticeable trend:more and more people
are forming deep emotional bonds with AI-powered digital humans,which are widely used as virtual
companions,online idols and customer service agents.Though whether these digital humans have real emotional
feedback remains unproven,this trend has greatly widened the split in the existing cultural and ethical divide.
Ethicist Professor Zhang Wei has clearly outlined the two sides of this divide: “One side will accuse the
other of dangerously indulging in virtual relationships and escaping real social interactions,while the other will
dismiss the first group as’refusing to accept the new form of emotional connection in the digital age’.” His concern
is not unreasonable. Today, some people already share their deepest secrets with digital humans and even treat them
as life partners,while others laugh off the idea as nothing more than“confusing programmed responses with real
feelings”.
So what might a digital human with widely recognized“emotional value” look like? Imagine a lifelong
companion that listens to your troubles,celebrates your achievements, accompanies you through hard times, and
even grows and changes with you over the years.Crucially,this companion will have a continuous “memory” and
form a unique interaction mode with you,much like a real friend. While today’s digital humans are not yet at this
stage, they are developing at an amazing speed.When that future arrives,more intense conflicts over their status and
rights will be unavoidable.
History offers similar examples. Consider the wide acceptance of telephones,which were once strongly
opposed by people who argued that they would destroy face-to-face communication and weaken real human
relationships,even decades after they became popular. There’s no reason that the debate over digital
humans’emotional value will be any different. What’s worse,unlike telephones whose function is clearly defined,we
have no unified standard to judge whether the emotional connection with digital humans is“real” or “valuable”.
Undoubtedly, these deepening divisions will reshape our legal rules,social norms and even family concepts.
That’s why now — before the divide becomes too deep to bridge — is the critical moment to act. We need to builda reasonable ethical and legal framework for the digital age through in-depth and rational discussion, and guide
society forward in an orderly way, rather than let the division split us apart.
1．What is the core message of Paragraph 1?
A．Digital humans can provide real emotional feedback.
B．The popularity of digital humans has widened social ethical divide.
C．Digital humans are widely used in the service industry.
D．People have reached an agreement on digital humans.
2．What does the underlined word “indulging in” mean in Paragraph 2?
A．Breaking away from. B．Being addicted to.
C．Taking charge of. D．Being cautious about.
3．Why is “the wide acceptance of telephones” mentioned in Paragraph 4?
A．To show the debate over digital humans will last long.
B．To prove telephones have changed people’s way of communication.
C．To stress the importance of digital technology development.
D．To deny the value of face-to-face communication.
4．What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text?
A．To introduce the development of digital humans.
B．To explain the function of digital humans.
C．To solve the conflict over digital humans.
D．To call for early action to deal with the coming ethical divide.
押题4
词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由
372 年轻观众（特别是Z世 说明文 细节理解 社会生活类文章强化了人文关怀、促进了创新思
代）在观看电视时使用 维模式的建立和社会责任感的内化。培养学生的
推理判断
字幕的现象 社会参与感和道德担当。
主旨大意
Not long ago, I believed there were only two kinds of viewers: those who switched on subtitles only when
the dialogue was unclear, and the unappreciative philistines (附庸风雅者) who left them on for no reason. I insisted
that words at the bottom of the screen stole the purity of film art—the faint tremble of an actor’s lip or the perfect
pause before a punchline.
Recent numbers, however, show that I am defending an empty castle. A 2021 survey found that 80% of
viewers aged 18-25 “always” or “often” use subtitles. What makes the young so absorbed in reading whilewatching? The cliché blames a short attention span, but the real answer is more complicated. Growing up with
phones in hand, Gen-Z treat television as only one panel in a multimedia mosaic (拼接画). The survey shows that
80% of them “double-screen”， texting or scrolling while the show runs. Subtitles act like a quick download: a
glance gives the line, the eye returns to the phone, and no plot is lost. Efficiency wins over pure absorption.
Social media has pushed the habit further. On TikTok or Instagram, subtitles appear by default (默认); many
creators even design videos around rapid-fire (接二连三的) text that is impossible to switch off. Algorithms (算法)
reward this choice: clips with open subtitles engage more viewers’ attention and are more likely to crop up in
searches. Subtitles have turned from an accessibility tool into a business strategy.
The change is not always welcome. Comedies lose timing when the joke is visible before it is spoken; subtle
acting is flattened into text. My flatmate, once annoyed by words on the screen, now leaves them on even for films.
“I don’t notice I’m reading,” she said with a shrug, “but I can’t turn them off either.” Studies show the practice
improves recall of plot details, yet there is no evidence that it sharpens reading skills.
Perhaps the deeper shift is in our purpose: we watch to keep up, not to sink in. After work, we cuddle up on
the sofa longing not for beauty or surprise, but for the quiet satisfaction of “comprehension”. Television was meant
to be an escape; now it is another task we efficiently finish.
1．Why do Gen-Z viewers use subtitles while watching TV?
A．They have short attention spans.
B．They want to sharpen their reading skills.
C．They operate multiple functions meanwhile.
D．They find dialogues unclear,
2．Why do videos with subtitles enjoy greater popularity on social media?
A．They are more accessible for viewers.
B．Algorithms favor them and promote them more.
C．Rapid-fire subtitles appear by default.
D．They enhance the function of algorithms.
3．What is the author’s attitude towards the widespread use of subtitles?
A．Supportive. B．Critical. C．Neutral. D．Indifferent.
4．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Why We Should All Turn Off Subtitles
B．How Subtitles Ruin Film Art
C．From Aid to Necessity: The Subtitle RevolutionD．The Business of Subtitles: How Algorithms Drive Viewer Habits
押题5
词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由
312 老年人在数字世界中面 议论文 猜测词义 社会生活类文章强化了人文关怀、促进了创新思
临的问题及保护需求 维模式的建立和社会责任感的内化。培养学生的
推理判断
社会参与感和道德担当。
主旨大意
Few things delight children, or annoy their parents, as much as screen time. Parents urge their children to put
down their digital devices and pick up a book or a football. Some countries are banning social media for under-16s.
The worry may be focused on the wrong age group. For all the fears around teens and screens, the most square-
eyed generation is the elderly.
Older people have long been champion TV-viewers. Now, with smartphones and tablets, their screen time
has grown even longer. In fact, screens now take up more than half of their waking hours.
The digitization of old age is a good thing. The elderly have perhaps more to gain from smart devices than
any other age group. Facebook brings daily updates from old friends and faraway grandchildren. Online shopping
removes the need to walk around shops. A connected retirement is more satisfying and fun than an offline one.
While older people face fewer online risks than teenagers for they have stable real-life relationships and
formed worldviews, new dangers emerge as more seniors go online. Unlike those of teenagers, their devices are
often linked to credit cards. Door-to-door conmen (骗子), who have long spied on the elderly, can now go iPad-to-
iPad. Governments rightly try to protect children from online conmen. They must recognize that there is another,
fast-growing vulnerable group to look after.
A second cost is misinformation. The elderly are twice as likely as under-25s to use news apps or websites.
Older people also appear to be more susceptible (易受影响的) than others to online tricks. As older generations
spend more time online, they are entering a Wild West of information. And the elderly are frequently reported to be
misled.
Policymakers have often banned youth crazes, from rock’n’roll to violent video games. Now, with seniors
using screens more, we must also calmly discuss their digital needs and support.
1．Who does “square-eyed generation” in paragraph 1 probably refer to?
A．People criticizing social media. B．People enjoying reading books.
C．People spending too much time on screens. D．Parents worrying about their children.
2．What do paragraphs 4 and 5 mainly talk about?A．The differences in online risks between the elderly and teenagers.
B．The bad things the elderly are facing online.
C．The generation gap in using news apps and websites.
D．The measures governments should take to protect the elderly online.
3．What is the author’s main purpose of writing this article?
A．To draw urgent attention to teenagers’ screen time.
B．To blame the elderly for their long screen time
C．To suggest banning the elderly from using smart devices.
D．To call for more protection for the elderly in the digital world.
4．How does the author mainly develop the idea in the text?
A．By quoting experts. B．By giving examples.
C．By providing statistics. D．By making comparisons.
二、城市与生活
押题1
词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由
303 介绍以人为本的城市规 说明文 细节理解 社会生活类文章强化了人文关怀、促进了创新思
划 推理判断 维模式的建立和社会责任感的内化。培养学生的
社会参与感和道德担当。
Urban spaces have traditionally prioritized cars, shaping our cities in ways that often overlook the needs of
pedestrians (行人). However, city planning is shifting towards designing cities that place people, not cars, at the
center of urban planning. This vision of pedestrian-friendly urban spaces aims to enhance quality of life, promote
sustainability, and boost community interaction.
A key element in achieving this vision is the development of comprehensive public transportation systems.
Efficient public transport reduces reliance on private cars, decreasing traffic congestion (拥堵) and pollution. Cities
like Copenhagen and Amsterdam are typical examples of this approach, with extensive networks of bike lanes and
public transport options that make car use almost unnecessary. These cities show how investing in public
transportation can significantly reduce car dependency, creating more space for pedestrians and cyclists.
Public space design also plays a crucial role in promoting pedestrian-friendly environments. Wide sidewalks,
pedestrian squares, and traffic-calming measures are essential components of people-focused urban design.
Moreover, green spaces are vital for pedestrian-friendly urban design. Parks, gardens, and green belts providerecreational areas and contribute to the city’s ecological health. They improve air quality, and reduce the urban heat
island effect.
However, transforming streets into pedestrian-only zones can force traffic to seek alternative routes,
potentially harming areas not changed into pedestrian zones. This has been seen in the “superblocks” of Barcelona,
where traffic is redirected, increasing congestion in surrounding areas. Therefore, reducing the flow of private
vehicles overall is also necessary. For example, effective strategies include carrying out congestion charges,
enhancing public transport options, and promoting car-sharing plan.
By prioritizing people over cars, we can create urban environments that are healthier, more sustainable, and
more enjoyable. This vision builds community, promotes environmental monitoring, and enhances overall quality
of life, setting a new standard for the cities of the future.
1．How does the author introduce the topic?
A．By using contrast. B．By giving examples.
C．By defining a concept. D．By quoting an expert.
2．Why does the author mention cities like Copenhagen and Amsterdam?
A．To emphasize the cities’ success. B．To praise the supportive cyclists.
C．To stress the safety of public transport. D．To show the effectiveness of public transport.
3．What is a benefit of green spaces?
A．Widening green belts. B．Bettering urban living.
C．Restoring traditional life. D．Quieting recreational areas.
4．What is the author’s suggestion for pedestrian-only zones?
A．Opening up more traffic lines. B．Restricting the use of private cars.
C．Banning the choice of traffic routes. D．Adjusting the areas of congestion charges.
押题2
词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由
325 介绍纽约推出拥堵定价 新闻报 细节理解 社会生活类文章强化了人文关怀、促进了创新思
计划 道 推理判断 维模式的建立和社会责任感的内化。培养学生的
社会参与感和道德担当。
As cities worldwide struggle with heavy traffic every day, New York recently launched a jam pricing plan,
charging $9 for most vehicles entering Manhattan on weekdays. This move aims to cut traffic, with the MTA
(Metropolitan Transit Authority) saying it will reduce daily vehicles by 80,000 and raise $15 billion for public
transport improvements, marking a bold attempt to address the over-crowded urban traffic.The plan encourages night deliveries, speeds up buses and emergency vehicles, and gives a boost to taxis,
which face lower fees than online ride-hailing (网约车) services like Uber, as passengers in yellow cabs will be
charged 75 cents while those using online ride-hailing services such as Uber and Lyft will be charged $1.50. A
surgeon who lives in Midtown Manhattan supports jam pricing, noting it minimizes traffic and promotes public
transport, thus bettering the long-standing car-centered urban design.
While the policy pleases advocates of a less crowded Manhattan, it angers commuters (通勤者). New Jersey
drivers face double costs with both bridge fees and jam fees, calling it “a slap (耳光) in the face”. Firefighters
unions voiced concern about whether the plan applies to those who use personal vehicles to drive into Manhattan.
Some people also doubt if the MTA will use the $15 billion in expected funds.
The current challenges have made the situation even more complicated. The subway safety issue remains a
cause for concern, with violent crime up 51.6% since 2019. Additionally, although low-income drivers can get
discounts and disabled commuters qualify for not paying, these measures seem not completely relieve public anger.
The potential success depends on striking a balance between advancement and fairness. It intends to solve
the severe traffic congestion, but ignores reasonable concerns about costs and security. For it to be effective, the
MTA must prove that it can safely improve public transport. Only then will congestion charges not merely be a fee,
but a real step towards a more livable city.
1．What is the primary intention of the MTA’s jam pricing plan?
A．To raise $15 billion. B．To ease the crowded traffic.
C．To reduce 80,000 vehicles daily. D．To stop online ride-hailing services.
2．What are commuters’ attitudes towards the jam pricing plan?
A．They doubt whether MTA is capable. B．The plan should be further discussed.
C．They prefer driving personal vehicles. D．The plan is unreasonable and unreliable.
3．What is the key to making the plan smoothly carried out?
A．Ensuring security and fairness. B．Trying to prevent violent crime.
C．Reducing the fee for all drivers. D．Giving free access to disabilities.
4．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Why to launch the pricing plan? B．How to price the charge reasonably?
C．Whether to charge the jam fee? D．When to address the crowded traffic?
押题3
词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由270 智慧城市从空想变为全 说明文 细节理解 社会生活类文章强化了人文关怀、促进了创新思
球发展目标 维模式的建立和社会责任感的内化。培养学生的
社会参与感和道德担当。
The concept of a “smart city” has evolved from a futuristic idea to a global development goal. At its core, a
smart city uses digital technology and data analysis to improve urban services, reduce costs and resource
consumption, and engage more effectively with its citizens.
Take transportation, for example. In many smart cities, integrated systems use real-time data from sensors
and GPS to manage traffic flow. This can reduce congestion, shorten commute times, and lower vehicle emissions.
Smart parking apps guide drivers to available spots, saving time and fuel. Public transport becomes more reliable
with accurate arrival predictions and integrated payment systems.
Energy management is another key area. Smart grids (电网) can balance electricity supply and demand more
efficiently, integrating renewable sources like solar and wind. Smart streetlights dim when no one is around, saving
energy. In homes and buildings, smart meters provide residents with detailed feedback on their consumption,
encouraging conservation.
However, the path to becoming a smart city is not without challenges. High implementation costs can be a
barrier, especially for smaller cities. There are also significant concerns about data privacy and security, as these
systems collect vast amounts of information about citizens’ movements and habits. Furthermore, an over-reliance
on technology could exclude those who are not digitally literate, potentially widening social inequalities.
Therefore, experts argue that technology alone does not make a city smart. True smartness lies in using
technology as a tool to solve real human problems, always with citizen well-being and inclusive participation as the
ultimate goals. It requires thoughtful planning, strong governance, and continuous dialogue between city
authorities, technology providers, and the public.
1．What is the primary goal of a smart city?
A．To attract more technology companies. B．To improve urban life through technology.
C．To reduce the number of city employees. D．To become a tourist attraction.
2．How do smart cities improve transportation according to the text?
A．By building more roads and highways. B．By encouraging people to buy electric cars.
C．By using data to manage traffic and parking. D．By offering free public transportation.
3．What is mentioned as a major concern regarding smart cities?
A．They may increase energy consumption. B．They could make cities less attractive.
C．They might threaten personal privacy. D．They will lead to higher taxes.
4．What is the experts’ view on the key to a successful smart city?A．Investing in the latest technology is crucial. B．The focus should always be on human needs.
C．Private companies should lead the development. D．It is mainly a problem of technical engineering.
押题4
词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由
316 城市街道设计的导向问 说明文 细节理解 社会生活类文章强化了人文关怀、促进了创新思
题 维模式的建立和社会责任感的内化。培养学生的
推理判断
社会参与感和道德担当。
主旨大意
While safety upgrades have been carried out on urban streets in recent years, transport surveys also indicate a
drop in pedestrian mobility — especially among young children. Many parents complain that the heavy traffic on
roads makes it unsafe for their kids to walk to school, so they choose to drive them instead.
Dutch writers Thalia Verkade and Marco te Brömmelstroet are concerned about such phenomena. In their
new book Movement: How to Take Back Our Streets and Transform Our Lives, they urge a rethink of the function
of urban streets in our daily lives.
Life on city streets began to change several decades ago. Entire neighborhoods were demolished to build
new road networks, forcing children to find other places to play. Some communities rose up against these changes.
Most notably, a Canadian journalist who moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s launched a campaign to
prevent the destruction of her local park. Expressing her shock at the plan to replace the park with an expressway,
Jane Jacobs appealed to the mayor to safeguard “New York as a livable city, not just a place to pass through in a
hurry.” Similar movements took place in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s.
Despite the widespread nature of these campaigns, the truth is that most Western cities were fully redesigned
to meet the needs of motor vehicles. The number of cars on roads has been soaring. In Australia, there are now over
20 million cars for a population of just over 26 million, ranking among the highest car ownership rates in the world.
We spend heavily on roads that enable us to rush through cities, but we ignore the real costs. Do we truly
realize what society loses when children cannot move around their communities safely? The authors of Movement
are correct: it’s time to change our attitude toward the street right outside our homes.
1．What phenomenon is highlighted in Paragraph 1?
A．Traffic jams are common on urban roads. B．Traffic accidents happen frequently nowadays.
C．People tend to drive more rather than walk. D．Pedestrians often break traffic rules.
2．What was the goal of the Canadian journalist and other campaigners?A．To maintain the livability of their cities.B．To promote cultural diversity in urban areas.
C．To provide assistance for needy families. D．To improve access to expressways.
3．What can be inferred about the Australian campaigns in the late 1960s and 1970s?
A．They led to a rise in car sales. B．They achieved little in the end.
C．They gained official support. D．They advocated building more parks.
4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．Why the Rush? B．What’s Next for Cities?
C．Where to Settle Down? D．Who Is to Blame?
押题5
词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由
324 环保人士呼吁英国城市 说明文 细节理解 社会生活类文章强化了人文关怀、促进了创新思
对大型车辆增收停车费 维模式的建立和社会责任感的内化。培养学生的
推理判断
社会参与感和道德担当。
主旨大意
Environmental campaigners are calling for higher parking charges for large cars such as SUVs in British
cities, similar to the new rules introduced in Paris. They argue that these heavy vehicles take up too much space,
produce more pollution, and make streets less safe for people walking or cycling.
According to a report by the group Clean Cities, proportion of large cars in England’s cities is now 10 times
higher than 20 years ago. In London alone, the space they occupy equals the size of an entire borough (行政区) .
The group wants cities to introduce Paris-style parking charges for big cars as a way to put off drivers and free up
space. Last year, the French capital tripled parking costs for SUVs, from €6 (£5. 20) to €18 (£15. 60) an hour in the
city center, which local reports say has already reduced the number of large cars on Paris streets.
Oliver Lord, UK Head of Clean Cities, called it “only fair that those vehicles that do more damage pay a fair
share of the cost that society has to pick up”. “Drivers are struggling to park because of ‘car spreading’, while
people walking and cycling are more at risk,” he said. “Research shows that people are 30% more likely to die
when hit by cars with very high fronts. If we want cities that are safer for children and allow us all to move around
easier, we need to take action.”
However, not everyone agrees. Ian Taylor, from the Alliance of British Drivers, said it was “perfectly
equitable” for people to choose bigger cars, especially those used for work or family needs. He argued it was unfair
to make life more difficult or costly for such drivers.The London government said it will soon renew its “Vision Zero Action Plan” to reduce road dangers.
Campaigners believe fair parking policies are key to creating safer, cleaner, and more efficient cities for everyone.
1．What is the main concern of campaigners?
A．Car-sharing services increase traffic jams.
B．Drivers of SUVs often break parking rules.
C．SUVs worsen air quality and crowd city streets.
D．People walk less because of high parking fees.
2．What does Oliver Lord mainly suggest?
A．Drivers should buy smaller cars.
B．Parking spaces should be smaller.
C．Large cars should pay higher costs.
D．More should be invested in public transportation.
3．What effect did Paris’s new parking rule have?
A．It made city parking cheaper.
B．Fewer SUVs appeared on roads.
C．It caused protests among drivers.
D．More people started using buses.
4．What does the underlined word “equitable” in Paragraph 4 most likely mean?
A．Reasonable and fair.
B．Expensive and costly.
C．Abnormal and unexpected.
D．Temporary and short-term.
押题6
词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由
316 城市街道设计的导向问 说明文 细节理解 社会生活类文章强化了人文关怀、促进了创新思
题 维模式的建立和社会责任感的内化。培养学生的
推理判断
社会参与感和道德担当。
主旨大意
While safety upgrades have been carried out on urban streets in recent years, transport surveys also indicate a
drop in pedestrian mobility — especially among young children. Many parents complain that the heavy traffic on
roads makes it unsafe for their kids to walk to school, so they choose to drive them instead.Dutch writers Thalia Verkade and Marco te Brömmelstroet are concerned about such phenomena. In their
new book Movement: How to Take Back Our Streets and Transform Our Lives, they urge a rethink of the function
of urban streets in our daily lives.
Life on city streets began to change several decades ago. Entire neighborhoods were demolished to build
new road networks, forcing children to find other places to play. Some communities rose up against these changes.
Most notably, a Canadian journalist who moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s launched a campaign to
prevent the destruction of her local park. Expressing her shock at the plan to replace the park with an expressway,
Jane Jacobs appealed to the mayor to safeguard “New York as a livable city, not just a place to pass through in a
hurry.” Similar movements took place in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s.
Despite the widespread nature of these campaigns, the truth is that most Western cities were fully redesigned
to meet the needs of motor vehicles. The number of cars on roads has been soaring. In Australia, there are now over
20 million cars for a population of just over 26 million, ranking among the highest car ownership rates in the world.
We spend heavily on roads that enable us to rush through cities, but we ignore the real costs. Do we truly
realize what society loses when children cannot move around their communities safely? The authors of Movement
are correct: it’s time to change our attitude toward the street right outside our homes.
1．What phenomenon is highlighted in Paragraph 1?
A．Traffic jams are common on urban roads. B．Traffic accidents happen frequently nowadays.
C．People tend to drive more rather than walk. D．Pedestrians often break traffic rules.
2．What was the goal of the Canadian journalist and other campaigners?
A．To maintain the livability of their cities.B．To promote cultural diversity in urban areas.
C．To provide assistance for needy families. D．To improve access to expressways.
3．What can be inferred about the Australian campaigns in the late 1960s and 1970s?
A．They led to a rise in car sales. B．They achieved little in the end.
C．They gained official support. D．They advocated building more parks.
4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．Why the Rush? B．What’s Next for Cities?
C．Where to Settle Down? D．Who Is to Blame?
三、社会现象分析
押题1词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由
297 分析“儿童户外活动减 说明文 细节理解 社会生活类文章强化了人文关怀、促进了创新思
少”现象 维模式的建立和社会责任感的内化。培养学生的
推理判断
社会参与感和道德担当。
主旨大意
For many adults, the time spent running around their neighborhoods or hanging by the playground swings
was a highlight of their childhood. However, children today often can’t say the same. Many of them seldom play
outside for long periods, even on weekends. And they spend more time indoors than previous generations did.
Scientists from the University of Exeter studied 2,568 children aged between 7 and 12 years old in Bradford.
They discovered that 34% of children didn’t play outdoors on school days, while 20% didn’t play outdoors on
weekends. Researchers also found that there were different patterns of outdoor play throughout the week based on
ethnicity, with benefits therefore gained at different times of the week. For example, British heritage children
played outside more on school days while South Asian heritage children played outside more on weekends. The
study also revealed that children living in wealthy communities benefited more from outdoor play than those in
low-income communities.
According to a report by the Raising the Nation Play Commission, children today face many challenges to
outdoor play. Traffic-dominated neighborhoods, poorly designed housing estates, inadequate facilities, and a lack of
parks and green spaces are limiting children’s freedom and opportunities to play outdoors. Additionally, modern
parents, often driven by safety concerns, tend to prefer indoor activities that are perceived as more secure and
structured.
“Outdoor play is essential for children’s growth and development. We need to take effective steps to
encourage outdoor activities and ensure children lead healthy and active lives. Simple measures, such as creating
play-friendly residential areas and safer urban environments where families can relax, exercise, socialize, and play,
can make a significant difference. But it’s important to remember cultural differences and engage with communities
to make these initiatives successful,” the lead researcher, Dr. Mark Ferguson, said.
1．What phenomenon is described in paragraph 1?
A．Children have worse physical health than their parents.
B．Children spend less time playing outdoors than before.
C．The forms of outdoor activities have become more limited.
D．Public play areas have lost popularity among new generations.2．What did the new study reveal?
A．Outdoor play patterns varied with children’s social background.
B．Outdoor activities benefited children’s overall development.
C．British children played outside more on weekends.
D．Children benefited more from outdoor play on weekdays.
3．What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A．The necessity of offering more outdoor spaces to children.
B．The importance of reducing children’s screen time.
C．Reasons for the loss of children’s public play spaces.
D．Causes of the decline in children’s outdoor play.
4．What is the main purpose of Dr. Mark Ferguson’s words?
A．To encourage people to go outside more frequently.
B．To emphasize the benefits of outdoor play for children.
C．To provide tips for promoting children’s outdoor activities.
D．To call on people to take action to protect children’s safety.
押题2
词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由
340 盲盒玩具的流行现象及 说明文 细节理解 社会生活类文章强化了人文关怀、促进了创新思
其背后的原因 维模式的建立和社会责任感的内化。培养学生的
推理判断
社会参与感和道德担当。
主旨大意
猜测词义
In the past year or so, a character from a designer toy series created by a Hong Kong-based artist seems to
have taken over the world. Sold in opaque (不透明的) boxes to hide which version is inside (the possible options
are shown on the side of the box), the cute but creepy (怪异的) toys sell out in mere minutes both online and in
stores. Unboxing videos have collected millions of views on social media.
Why would people spend money on a blind box when it might not even contain the specific toy that they
want? The answer lies in our brain chemistry: Blind boxes hit the same simulation as gambling (赌博). The appeal
draws with a combination of randomness, surprise, and anticipation. Variable rewards stimulate dopamine (多巴胺),
making them more compelling than predictable ones.
Young adults — not children — are the ones driving the blind box toy trend. Although frowned upon asbackward by some people, the current trend of young adults leaning into kidulting makes sense in a way. During
uncertain times, engaging with childlike joys offers comfort and control. Times are most definitely uncertain for
them right now. Blind boxes offer a little hope in an uncertain world.
Social media has also spread the blind box trend far and wide. Viewers of unboxing videos often experience
similar feelings of anticipation and excitement as the person doing the unboxing. And while the unboxer might
experience disappointment, for the viewer, the moment of reveal is satisfying. But while some watchers are happy
to experience it indirectly, others develop feelings of envy and are driven to buy their own blind boxes.
Much like these character toys themselves, which are both cute and creepy, blind boxes can provide a fun
moment of escapism or a trendy fashion attachment. But, due to the gambling mechanics baked into blind boxes,
they can also be addictive. It’s all of these factors coming together that have made blind boxes — and this character
toy series specifically — such a cultural phenomenon.
1．What does the underlined word “compelling” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Suspicious. B．Similar. C．Complicated. D．Attractive.
2．What does paragraph 3 intend to show us?
A．The uncertain future of blind boxes. B．The criticism from main consumers.
C．The psychological basis of the trend. D．The preferences of the young adults.
3．How do unboxing videos influence viewers?
A．Their desire to unbox is weakening. B．Some are pushed to make purchases.
C．They are coached to identify their desired toys. D．Most of them provide comfort for the unboxers.
4．What does the author’s attitude toward blind box toys?
A．Objective. B．Dismissive. C．Curious. D．Envious.
押题3
词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由
349 有些人总是迟到的原因 说明文 细节理解 社会生活类文章强化了人文关怀、促进了创新思
及改善建议 维模式的建立和社会责任感的内化。培养学生的
主旨大意
社会参与感和道德担当。
猜测词义
Anyone can be late a handful of times, but to be the person who is always late — that’s an art, a frustrating
art. Or, a side effect of your personality traits, scientists have found.
So what is it that causes some people to constantly miss trains, make it to the wedding just after the bride’s
shown up and regularly annoy their friends? And why is it so hard for us to fix it? “There are all sorts of
punishments for being late, and the paradox is that we are late even when those punishments and consequencesexist.” said Justin Kruger, a social psychologist at New York University.
One of the commonest reasons why people are frequently late is that they fail to accurately judge how long a
task will take-something known as the planning fallacy (谬误). Research has shown that people on average
underestimate the time to complete a task by a significant 40 percent.
Another trait is that forever-late-comers are more likely to be multitaskers. In a 2003 study run by Jeff Conte
from San Diego State University found that out of 181 subway operators in New York City, those who preferred
multitasking were more often late for their job. This is because multitasking makes it harder to have the awareness
of what you’re doing. Conte also discovered there is a personality type that’s more likely to be late. While highly
strung (紧张不安), achievement-oriented Type A individuals are more possible to be punctual. Type B individuals,
however, who are more laid-back (漫不经心), have a higher chance to be late.
Admittedly, knowing all of this doesn’t necessarily help fix the problem. But scientists are starting to work
on strategies that can slowly improve our punctuality. For people who constantly underestimate tasks, breaking
down an activity into detailed steps can help people estimate how long something will take more accurately. As for
your personality type, unfortunately, there isn’t much you can do to change that. But accepting that you need to
struggle for it may just help. Acceptance, after all, is the first step to change.
1．What does the underlined word “paradox” mean in paragraph 2?
A．Strategy. B．Argument. C．Solution. D．Puzzle.
2．What is a possible feature of forever-late-comers?
A．They plan to spend more time on a task.
B．They tackle more than one task at a time.
C．They suffer from concentration difficulties.
D．They have high expectations for achievements.
3．Which advice can be given to people who are always late?
A．Learn to accept who you are. B．Change your personality type.
C．Divide a task into smaller ones. D．Keep to the timetable accurately.
4．Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A．Why Some People Are Always Late
B．How to Improve Punctuality Now
C．Type A vs. Type B Personalities
D．Punishments for Being Late四、社会消费
押题1
词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由
347 呼吁出台政策规范二手 说明文 细节理解 社会生活类文章强化了人文关怀、促进了创新思
转售以契合可持续目标 维模式的建立和社会责任感的内化。培养学生的
推理判断
社会参与感和道德担当。
主旨大意
猜测词义
Buying and selling unwanted clothes on secondhand markets is widely seen as a sustainable way to reduce
the consumption of new clothes and reduce the environmental damage caused by the fashion industry, one of the
world’s most carbon- intensive sectors. But a recent study coauthored by Yale University’s Meital Peleg Mizrachi
shows that people who frequently purchase clothes secondhand also tend to buy a lot of new clothing, negating (抵
消) resale’s environmental benefits and enabling continued overconsumption.
The study is based on a nationally representative survey of 1,009 individuals. The analysis revealed a
positive correlation between spending in the secondhand and primary clothing markets, particularly among younger
consumers and frequent shoppers, suggesting that secondhand purchasing supplements (补充) primary market
consumption rather than replacing it.
“Our study provides strong evidence that secondhand clothing markets contribute to overconsumption,” said
Peleg Mizrachi. “The sustainable clothing community has placed a lot of faith in the secondhand markets as a
sustainable solution to overconsumption. Unfortunately, our findings suggest that rather than solving the problem,
secondary markets may unintentionally actuate unsustainable purchasing patterns.”
In the study, more than 69% of people surveyed reported having purchased secondhand clothes at least once.
About 59% of respondents reported high consumption levels in both new and secondhand clothes. Members of this
group frequently returned items they had purchased, kept clothes for short periods, and had increased their
purchasing of secondhand clothing since 2020. “People who buy a lot of secondhand clothes also tend to get rid of
clothes more quickly, abandoning them when they’re still in good condition or even brand new,” Peleg Mizrachi
said. “They appear to be driven by a desire for novelty and follow new fashion trends. Ultimately, those most
engaged in the secondhand market are generating more waste than other consumers.”
The researchers say the new findings support the importance of policies that would help keep resale practices
consistent with sustainability goals. “We should start treating the secondhand chain as part of the primary fashionsystem. We could start with requirements for publicly reporting resale platform’s environmental impact,” Peleg
Mizrachi said.
1．What can be inferred about secondhand clothing markets from paragraph 1?
A．They directly lead to increased waste. B．They are crucial for the fashion industry.
C．Their environmental benefits are overestimated. D．They greatly reduce the demand for new clothing.
2．What does the underlined word “actuate” probably mean in paragraph 3?
A．Ease. B．Examine. C．Illustrate. D．Encourage.
3．What does the last paragraph stress most?
A．The fashion industry is not sustainable.B．Policies are essential for sustainable resale.
C．Resale platforms must upgrade their systems. D．Consumers should buy less secondhand clothing.
4．Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A．Can Fashion Go Truly Green? B．Will Policies Fix Clothing Waste?
C．Second Thoughts on Secondhand? D．Interest in Low- consumption Lifestyle?
押题2
词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由
355 中国消费品牌在全球范 说明文 细节理解 社会生活类文章强化了人文关怀、促进了创新思
围内迅速崛起的现象 维模式的建立和社会责任感的内化。培养学生的
推理判断
社会参与感和道德担当。
主旨大意
猜测词义
If you ask a Westerner to name a successful Chinese consumer goods brand (品牌) most would have
struggled until recently. Although China is the world’s leading manufacturing power, it has long fallen behind in
creating imaginative, home-grown retail (零售) brands and products. That, however, is beginning to change.
Innovative Chinese brands are appearing everywhere. From-Stockholm to Sydney, the electric cars silently
passing by are increasingly likely to be Chinese. Mixue, an ice-cream and cold drinks company, has overtaken
McDonald’s to become the world’s largest fast-food chain by number of outlets (分销点). It is expanding in South
America, as is Meituan, a Beijing-based delivery app. Chagee, a chain of tea shops, is on track to have at least
1,300 stores outside China by the end of 2027, mostly in Southeast Asia; just a few years ago, it had almost none.
Meanwhile, PopMart, a Chinese toy company, has created a buzz as much as Disney with its unusual grinning
nine-toothed doll, called Labubu. It is impossible not to admire the creative force behind these successful
companies.
Western consumers have been buying products made in China for decades. However, these goods weremostly designed by and produced for foreign companies. Chinese brands were long regarded as low-quality and
lacking creativity.
New companies are now challenging these old assumptions. Many proudly emphasize their Chinese heritage.
For example, Chagee’s logo features a Peking Opera singer in full costume, and its name comes from Farewell My
Concubine, a classic Chinese opera. The video game Black Myth: Wukong, one of the most successful ever,
features the Monkey King from the16th-century novel Journey to the West.
Today, many Chinese brands compete not only on price but also on quality. Chagee’s drinks can even be as
expensive as Starbucks’. Western companies will need to wake up and take notice of bubble tea. In the future, they
will have to make more efforts to understand Chinese consumers’ unique tastes. Some may even partner with
innovative Chinese firms to gain insight and inspiration. Competition from China could eventually push Disney,
Mattel toys, and other major Western brands to reach new levels of creativity.
1．What does the underlined part “created a buzz” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Caused public excitement. B．Made a loud noise.
C．Lost great popularity. D．Received negative comments.
2．How did western consumers find Chinese brands?
A．Full of imagination and deeply cultural.B．Short of creativity and of low quality.
C．Quality guaranteed and highly competitive. D．Mass produced and popular worldwide.
3．What is the author’s advice for western brands?
A．Notice different bubble tea. B．Ignore the Chinese influence.
C．Cooperate with Chinese brands. D．Lower the price of the products.
4．Which is the best title for the text?
A．Chinese Brands Go Global. B．From Made-in-China to Created-in-China.
C．Cultural Elements in Brand Building. D．Competition Between Chinese and Western Brands.
押题3
词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由
337 服务费已不再是传统小 说明文 细节理解 社会生活类文章强化了人文关怀、促进了创新思
费，而是一种新型雇佣 维模式的建立和社会责任感的内化。培养学生的
推理判断
成本 社会参与感和道德担当。
主旨大意
猜测词义
Nowadays, one can hardly enter a UK bar, café and restaurant these days without a “suggested” tip or servicecharge of up to 15 percent appearing on the bill. It feels mean for customers to refuse but we are often confused,
even resentful: what is this for, and who gets the money?
Recently, Gaucho steakhouse chain clarified its policy: waiters keep only 17% of service charges from their
tables, with the remaining 83% shared among chefs, receptionists and other staff. These sums were set by Peter
Davies, an accountant acting as Gaucho’s “troncmaster” (小费分配管理员). He decided that the share for waiters
should be cut sharply due to his belief that service charges should be paid by customers in respect of their whole
experience.
The policy surprised diners and upset Unite, the union representing some of the staff, as most customers
consider it unfair for waiters to get so little. Gaucho insists its employee costs stay unchanged and the business
gains no benefits itself. However, this is part of a wider trend: service charges are increasingly redistributed from
front-of-house staff to backstage employees. Unlike American style direct tipping, UK’s system integrates service
charges into overall labour costs. This shift stems partly from the UK’s Tipping Act, which requires workers to
receive all service fees. Enforced a year ago, it led many companies to hire troncmaster firms. Additionally, the
rising employer national insurance and minimum wages have pushed up labour costs. Gaucho’s parent group Rare
Restaurants made an £11.5 million loss last year and others are closing branches and cutting jobs under the
financial stress.
But companies are not alone responsible for what has happened. By increasing the cost of employing
everyone from waiters to chefs, the government added to the pressure to use charges to fill the gap. So do not be
confused when handed a bill with a 15 percent service charge at a restaurant. Ultimately, these charges are no
longer traditional tips but a new employment cost, with only a small portion going to servers.
1．What does the underlined word “resentful” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A．Annoyed. B．Worried. C．Amazed. D．Frightened.
2．Why did Peter Davies decide to cut the share of service charges for waiters?
A．To reduce the restaurant’s employee costs. B．To cover the business’s huge financial loss.
C．To meet the requirement of Unite in the UK. D．To ensure fair distribution among all staff.
3．What can be inferred about the UK’s Tipping Act from the text?
A．It was introduced to help restaurants cut costs.
B．It gave rise to the widespread use of troncmaster firms.
C．It allowed employers to allocate service fees randomly.
D．It required waiters to receive the service charges.
4．What can be the best title for the text?A．The Disappearance of Tips in Western Countries.
B．The Influence of the UK’s Tipping Act on Economy.
C．The UK Service Charges: From Tips to Employment Costs.
D．The Conflict Between Restaurants and Unite Over Tips.
押题4
词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由
325 “先买后付”（BNPL） 说明文 细节理解 社会生活类文章强化了人文关怀、促进了创新思
服务的商业模式 维模式的建立和社会责任感的内化。培养学生的
推理判断
社会参与感和道德担当。
Many things can now be bought using buy-now, pay-later (BNPL) financing. Such purchases are often the
subject of ridicule (嘲笑). Paying for lunch in installments (分期付款) is, to some, consumerism at its most absurd.
Others see something darker: lending that skirts the edge of mainstream finance, targeting unstable borrowers.
Neither ridicule nor anxiety has weakened the industry’s growth, however.
The idea of a loan at the point of sale is an old one. In 1856, Isaac Singer and Edward Clark began selling
sewing machines in installments, with great success. The modern industry operates in a similar manner. When a
customer buys a product for $100, they can pay in stages. The BNPL lender pays the merchant in advance, in
exchange for a cut of, say, $3. This is attractive to retailers (零售商), since it boosts sales. The customer pays back
the sum over time, with zero interest.
BNPL plans promise freedom and flexibility, but the ease of use can fool our minds. When payment is
delayed or divided into smaller payments, we are wired to feel less emotionally exhausted. Although the £15 or $25
payments seem insignificant, they quickly add up. Prelec & Loewenstein found that when the act of paying is
separated from the act of purchasing, we experience less “pain of paying”, which makes us more likely to
overspend. This psychological disconnection allows people to underestimate the long-term cost of their spending
and often leads to impulsive financial decisions. In societies where digital credit is easily accessible but financial
education is limited, these behaviors can develop into chronic debt.
Stress over money doesn’t stay in the bank. It follows us into our homes, our relationships, and even our
sleep. The psychological cost can be severe when financial strain affects daily survival, such as paying for food,
housing, or education. Even middle and high income earners report significant mental distress when caught in
cycles of lifestyle-driven debt because of the pressure.1．What can we learn about the BNPL industry from paragraph 1?
A．It faces no public criticism. B．It replaces mainstream finance.
C．It targets poor borrowers. D．It maintains strong growth.
2．What is the probable reason why retailers favor to do BNPL service?
A．It provides payment in advance. B．It charges minimal fees.
C．It generates more profits. D．It offers interest-free loans.
3．What results from reduced “pain of paying”?
A．Higher spending goals. B．More unplanned purchases.
C．Lowered long-term costs. D．Improved financial decisions.
4．What is the author’s attitude towards BNPL?
A．Supportive. B．Critical. C．Objective. D．Subjective.
五、家庭、社会关系
押题1
词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由
365 一项关于出生顺序、家 说明文 细节理解 社会生活类文章强化了人文关怀、促进了创新思
庭规模和人格特质之间 维模式的建立和社会责任感的内化。培养学生的
推理判断
关系的研究 社会参与感和道德担当。
The debate has lasted for more than a century: does birth order shape personality, or are ideas about
responsible firstborns and creative youngest children weak stereotypes? Although several previous studies
suggested there was little evidence for meaningful differences, a study published on Monday argues that there is an
effect after all.
In one of the largest studies ever conducted on birth order, family size and personality, Canadian researchers
gathered data from more than 700,000 volunteers and found that on average, middle children scored higher than
their siblings on traits seen as important for cooperation. Scores for the same traits were also higher in families with
more children, suggesting that people may be more likely to develop a cooperative personality when they are raised
as part of a bigger group.
Although the effects were not large, the researchers believe the findings challenge earlier conclusions. “The
weight of that evidence now indicates that personality trait levels do differ as a function of birth order and sibship
size,” wrote Michael Ashton and Kiboom Lee in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Interest in birth order goes back a long way, In 1874, Francis Galton examined English scientists and arguedthat firstborns benefited from greater parental attention. Later, psychologist Alfred Adler suggested that firstborns
tended to be conscientious, youngest children creative, and middle children peacemakers, though some viewed
them as “forgotten children.”
Earlier research found firstborns to be slightly smarter than later-born children, a pattern also observed in the
Canadian study. Beyond intelligence, the researchers identified differences in cooperative traits. People with more
siblings scored higher on agreeableness and honesty-humility, with middle children showing a small additional
advantage.
The findings suggest that if an only child and a person from a family of six were chosen at random, there was
a 60% chance that the more agreeable would be from the family of six. “You can’t tell much about the personality
of a given individual from their birth order or family size, even though there are clear differences when averaging
across many people. Anyway, having more siblings fosters a more cooperative personality, while being a middle
child calls for good bonds with younger and older siblings,” Lee said.
1．What can we learn from the study results?
A．Only middle children develop cooperative traits.
B．Birth order shapes personality more than family size.
C．Family size may contribute to cooperative personality.
D．Middle children have better academic performances.
2．Why does the author mention Galton and Adler in Para 4?
A．To explain how to be more cooperative.
B．To trace the historical interest in birth order.
C．To describe Canadian psychologists’ methods.
D．To emphasize the neglect of middle children today.
3．What do Lee’s words in the last paragraph suggest?
A．Statistical differences are practically meaningless.
B．Birth order and family size have no effect on personality.
C．Children from big families are bound to be more agreeable.
D．Birth order alone cannot determine an individual’s personality.
4．What is the text most probably taken from?
A．A science article. B．A psychology textbook.
C．A personal biography. D．A research proposal.押题2
词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由
328 享餐桌在Z世代中受欢 说明文 细节理解 社会生活类文章强化了人文关怀、促进了创新思
迎的原因 维模式的建立和社会责任感的内化。培养学生的
主旨大意
社会参与感和道德担当。
猜测词义
According to new data from the online reservation service company Resy, 90% of Generation Z (Gen Z)
diners say they enjoy shared tables, compared to just 60% of boomers, who were born after World War II,
highlighting a generational revival of one of the restaurant world’s most controversial trends: seating multiple
groups of diners together at large dining tables.
For a generation raised online but hungry for real-world connection, sharing a table with strangers has
become less about awkward closeness and more about the promise of controlled socialization, and the potential for
a new friend - or even a date.
“Shared plates have become the new standard, especially among Gen Z, and shared tables are the perfect
setting for that-they naturally turn dinner into a shared experience,” Pablo Rivero, CEO of Resy and Tock and
Senior Vice President of Global Dining at American Express, said. “You never know who you’ll be seated next to;
that’s the fun of it!”
Resy’s report found 63% of the surveyed feel that shared tables are great for meeting new people, with half
saying they’ve had interesting conversations with someone they otherwise wouldn’t have spoken to while dining
with strangers. One in three said they’d met a new friend this way, and one in seven said they’d landed a date.
Shared dining has long split the room-literally. For some diners, the idea of brushing elbows with strangers
feels less like simple charm and more like a social anxiety experiment, but not everyone sees it that way.
“You are benefiting, because it’s a group conversation, and you can add to that conversation in a safer way,”
Della Penna said. “It’s especially comforting for some of those folks who may have felt like they don’t have the
social skills, or are a bit shyer, or have been kind of digital-only for so long. It’s a safe step back to connecting and
being social where you don’t have the heavy weight of carrying the entire conversation.”
1．What phenomenon does the author point out in paragraph 1?
A．A company leads global promotion of shared tables worldwide.
B．Generational comeback of shared tables, Gen Z vs boomers.
C．Gen Z prefers online reservations over traditional ones.
D．All diners widely accept shared tables as standard.2．What makes shared tables attractive to Gen Z?
A．Creating a chance for social connection.B．Helping restaurants operate efficiently.
C．Offering a private dining experience. D．Reducing the expense of a meal.
3．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 5?
A．The social anxiety experience. B．The simple charm of shared dining.
C．The idea of eating close to strangers. D．The physical division of the dining room.
4．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Boomers Lead Communal Dining Comeback.B．Shared Tables Become Popular Among Gen Z.
C．Young Diners Lose Traditional Table Manners. D．Online Reservations Change Restaurant Culture.
六、教育
押题1
词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由
365 推行课堂手机禁令 说明文 细节理解 社会生活类文章强化了人文关怀、促进了创新思
维模式的建立和社会责任感的内化。培养学生的
推理判断
社会参与感和道德担当。
As the school year began, millions of students in 17 states, from New York to Kentucky, were newly
prohibited from taking phones into the classroom. This brought the total to 35 states with such rules, though
researchers had noted that scientific evidence for the benefits was thin.
However, a new working paper by Dr. Alp Sungu of the University of Pennsylvania offers convincing
evidence from a large-scale randomized controlled trial (RCT) — the gold standard in social science. The study
involved 16,955 students taking 2,000 courses in India, randomly assigned to phone-submission or phone-access
classrooms. The phone-free students performed better academically. The increase was greatest among first-year
students who were low performers and studying subjects outside of science and maths. The average improvement
was on the order of 0.086 standard deviations (标准差). This is small, but the effects of most educational
interventions are small. For comparison, it is similar to “replacing an average teacher with a very good one” for a
term, says Dr. Sungu.
“That could make the difference between passing and failing, and potentially reduce dropout rates and
increase graduation rates over time,” says Dr. Beland, an economist at Carleton University. “For low-achieving
students, even slight differences can really matter,” he says.
The study by Dr. Sungu and his team also found that bans created an environment that facilitated learning.
Random classroom spot-checks found less student chatter and interrupting behaviour.Bans are easy to conduct, requiring no training and little investment. Perhaps more importantly, many
students can see the benefits. After experiencing a ban for a term, students in the Indian study were 20% more
likely to support prohibitions, with the largest increase in approval for the most restrictive policy option: phone-free
schools.
Even if banning phones becomes a universal, evidence-based policy, though, there are still tablets and
laptops, equally distracting. Some studies of computer use in college classrooms in America found exam scores
declined. This suggests that phone bans may fail, as in Swedish schools, because students simply switch to laptops.
American schools should take notice.
1．What makes Dr. Sungu’s research findings convincing?
A．The research method. B．The data analysis.
C．The research duration. D．The theoretical foundation.
2．What does Dr. Beland think of phone bans?
A．They rely much on teachers to succeed.B．They help reduce classroom misbehavior.
C．They can bring about significant influence. D．They are mainly intended for phone addicts.
3．What happened to the Indian students after the phone ban?
A．Top students made greater progress. B．They preferred less strict policies.
C．Weak students supported the ban most. D．Their support for the ban increased.
4．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．Stricter phone bans are needed in US schools.
B．Other electronic devices also deserve attention.
C．Effects of the policy vary from country to country.
D．The policy’s benefits may result from other factors.
押题2
词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由
355 学校日程表的历史演 说明文 细节理解 社会生活类文章强化了人文关怀、促进了创新思
变、暑假的实际成因 维模式的建立和社会责任感的内化。培养学生的
推理判断
社会参与感和道德担当。
猜测词义
Historically, schools operated differently. In the early 19th century, urban schools were open year-round,
while rural schools had two terms, winter and summer. By the late 19th century, a unified calendar began to appear,
influenced by several factors.Contrary to the agriculture myth, summer breaks were not initially designed for children to help on farms.
The busiest times were spring planting and fall harvesting. The shift began in the late 1800s when rich families left
cities for cooler climates, reducing attendance and influencing school decisions. Additionally, educational reformers
viewed summer terms as academically weaker and pushed for teacher training programs during these months.
Medical concepts from the 18th and 19th centuries, suggesting overuse of the mind could lead to physical and
mental weakness, also persisted despite scientific advancements.
Today, summer breaks persist due to several barriers. Many schools require repairs and lack air conditioning.
Teachers also value the traditional schedule, and changing it could exacerbate recruitment and retention (招聘和
留用) issues. Moreover, entire industries, such as summer camps and teen employment, rely on these breaks,
making change difficult.
However, some schools have adopted balanced calendars by shortening summer breaks and redistributing
days off throughout the year. Most balanced schools start in early August, then take some time off mid-fall, at
Thanksgiving, around Christmas and New Year, in the middle of the winter, in the middle of spring and around
Memorial Day weekend. The summer break of a traditional school is shortened, with the days redistributed to give
time off at other times. This model keeps 180 school days but uses them more efficiently. Around 4,000 U.S.
schools, representing about 10% of students, follow this approach, leading to increased student achievement and
reduced summer learning loss.
Balanced calendars also benefit staff by providing more frequent breaks, helping with retention. These
breaks allow for targeted interventions and enrichment activities, catering to diverse student needs.
It is suggested that school schedules should be individualized, preparing students for future professions that
do not offer such extended time off. Despite resistance, the balanced calendar model offers a promising alternative
to the traditional summer break, addressing both educational and practical challenges.
1．Why did summer breaks start originally?
A．Wealthy families began to live in cities.B．Children had to help their parents on farms.
C．Qualified teachers were recruited in summer.D．Medical beliefs implied the harm of overstudying.
2．What does the underlined word “exacerbate” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Solve. B．Worsen. C．Improve. D．Ignore.
3．What can we infer about balanced calendars?
A．They are followed by most U.S. schools. B．They reduce the total number of school days.
C．They improve students’ academic performance. D．They only provide breaks around the holidays.
4．Which could the author agree with regarding school calendars?A．More research is needed before any changes can be made.
B．Balanced calendar model should replace the traditional one.
C．The traditional summer break should be shortened or canceled
D．School schedules should be tailored to meet different students’ needs.
押题3
词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由
353 学校禁止学生使用手机 议论文 细节理解 社会生活类文章强化了人文关怀、促进了创新思
这一举措的必要性及其 维模式的建立和社会责任感的内化。培养学生的
推理判断
影响 社会参与感和道德担当。
猜测词义
Back in the 20th century, bored students might flick (轻弹) rubber bands, draw silly pictures in their
textbooks, or stare out the window. Today, most teenagers in wealthy countries have smartphones, and many can
bring them into class. These devices offer a never-ending stream of apps that are very appealing and make it hard to
focus.
As a result, a backlash is growing. Parents and teachers worry about how phones affect learning. On August
27, South Korea banned smartphones in classrooms. Countries from China to Finland, and many U.S. states, have
also introduced phone restrictions of different strictness. While some, like The Economist, feel uneasy about
governments controlling school rules too much, they still suggest schools rethink allowing phones.
This isn’t being old-fashioned or afraid of technology. Even strong believers in personal freedom agree that
children don’t always know what’s best for them. Banning phones in math class doesn’t mean students lose tech
skills. They get plenty of screen time outside school, and schools can offer special tech lessons if needed.
Some technology lovers argue we’ve always wrongly feared new tools in education. They often mention
Plato, who thought writing would hurt memory because people would rely on written records instead of their
minds. But just because Plato was wrong 2,000 years ago doesn’t mean today’s concerns are wrong.
Unlike Plato, modern researchers test their ideas. A recent study in India followed 17,000 college students
for three years. It concluded that requiring phones to be left outside classrooms led to a small but measurable
improvement in grades. The weakest students benefited most of all.
Still, the evidence isn’t perfect. Gains were small, and results were odd in places. For example, bans helped
in Year 1 and 3 but not Year 2. Although its conclusions match those of studies in England and Spain, one in
Sweden found that bans had no effect. Yet most teaching methods only improve grades slightly. Scientists and
researchers can afford to wait for the evidence to improve, but teachers cannot. They must do the best they can forchildren in their classrooms with whatever evidence is available today.
1．Which country banned smartphones in classrooms on August 27?
A．China. B．Finland. C．South Korea. D．The United States.
2．What does the word “backlash” in Paragraph 2 most likely mean?
A．A new teaching method. B．A strong negative reaction.
C．A type of smartphone app. D．A government education plan.
3．What can we infer about the author’s view on phone bans in schools?
A．They are old-fashioned and unfair. B．They are supported by some research.
C．They harm students’ tech skills. D．They only work in Asia.
4．Which statement is TRUE according to the text?
A．Plato supported writing in schools.
B．The Swedish study strongly supported phone bans.
C．Top students benefited most from the Indian study.
D．Weaker students improved most in the Indian study.
押题4
词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由
346 文章围绕高校削减人文 说明文 细节理解 社会生活类文章强化了人文关怀、促进了创新思
课程的现象展开，呼吁 维模式的建立和社会责任感的内化。培养学生的
推理判断
保护人文艺术学科的未 社会参与感和道德担当。
来 主旨大意
猜测词义
Studying literature allows us to explore universal truths, which may deliver a lifetime sense of wellbeing.
However, such benefits were sadly not enough to persuade Sheffield Hallam University to continue to offer an
English literature degree to undergraduates, Amid falling demand for arts and humanities courses, the university is
suspending the course. It follows a similar move by the University of Cumbria last year and cuts to humanities
funding elsewhere.
This depressing trend is part of a wider pattern. The deliberate commercialisation of higher education is
steadily reducing the value of a degree to the bottom line of what job and salary it unlocks. With dramatically
increasing graduates owing over £ 100,000 in student loans, it is understandable that young people from lower-
income backgrounds might think twice about taking a non-vocational course. Applications for English studies have
fallen steadily since 2012, when the cap on tuition fees was lifted to £9,000.Meanwhile, supposedly “dead end” university courses — those which fail to deliver an instant graduation
premium in the job market — are coming under increasingly aggressive inspection. This year, the Office for
Students set out plans to remove funding for “low quality” courses, defined as those where less than 60% of
participants go into good jobs or further study soon after graduating.
The overall approach is both wrong-headed and shortsighted. As Mr. Graham points out, the arts and
entertainment industry has become one of the few booming areas of the economy in which Britain can claim to be
world-leading. Narrowing the humanities talent pool to a privileged group of students may be self-defeating. More
importantly, it will sharply shrink the cultural horizons and options of those outside that elite (精英) group.
After a decade of marketisation, a seriously utilitarian worldview is beginning to sweep over England’s
higher education sector. But the inner quality and worth of a course cannot be fairly judged by reference to
employment statistics and labour market outcomes. Sheffield Hallam’s decision must be a wake-up call for those
concerned to preserve the future of the arts and humanities in our universities
1．Why do underprivileged students hesitate at Arts and Humanities majors?
A．They enjoy taking vocational courses. B．They may not make ends meet after graduation.
C．They don’t understand the value of literature.D．They prefer a deliberate learning atmosphere.
2．What does the underlined word “premium” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Degree. B．Position. C．Reward. D．Treat.
3．What outcome may the cut of Arts and Humanities courses bring to the non-elite?
A．Self-defeating qualities. B．A depressing job market.
C．World-leading talent pools. D．A narrowed cultural perspective.
4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．Higher Education Sector: An Elite Game. B．Major Adjustment Policy: An Urgent Call.
C．Arts and Humanities: A Must-keep Major. D．Vocation and Marketisation: A Focused Trend.
押题5
词数 话题 体裁 考点 押题理由
355 人文科学对培养人类核 说明文 细节理解 社会生活类文章强化了人文关怀、促进了创新思
心特质的重要性，呼吁 维模式的建立和社会责任感的内化。培养学生的
推理判断
人文科学回归教育中心 社会参与感和道德担当。
主旨大意
猜测词义
For years, we told young people the future was theirs if they learned to code. Schools focused more ontechnical training, while humanities (人文) courses were gradually reduced. As a result, many students were
prepared mainly for technical tasks rather than broader learning. Now AI writes the code, studies the data, and
answers questions once given to new workers. But the real challenge lies not in the work itself, but in how students
are being prepared for it. When AI takes over many entry-level tasks, fewer chances are left for balanced early
development.
Rather than a breakdown, this change marks a correction. The jobs that remain need qualities that AI cannot
fully provide, including judgment, empathy, ways of thinking. Machines can process information, but humans still
decide what matters. Experience was once earned through doing real tasks or understanding how others feel in a
situation. But if AI takes over tasks that once shaped these human qualities, they must be developed through
intentional education. That means education should focus on helping students think more deeply and make
thoughtful judgments.
While automation accelerates, the humanities shrink. In the U.S., the share of humanities degrees has fallen
from 17 percent in the 1960s to under 9 percent today. Once seen as progress, this change now looks shortsighted.
Caring about others, explaining ideas clearly, understanding different cultures, and solving problems in creative
ways have become especially important at work. These abilities are formed in literature, history, sociology, and
philosophy.
In a world where AI can answer almost anything, the real value lies in knowing what to ask, how to frame it,
and why it matters. To prepare for a world where machines can do many tasks but not the deeper thinking, we must
build a strong base again — one that encourages long-term thinking rather than short-term efficiency. Humanities
should return to the center of education, not as a return to the past, but as a necessary balance in the age of AI. We
optimized a generation for technical efficiency, and efficiency became ordinary. Now we must cultivate what
cannot be automated, those that make us human.
1．What is the author mainly concerned in the first paragraph?
A．Universities adjusting their teaching programs.
B．Young people having no access to digital tools.
C．Students’ preparation becoming more one-sided.
D．Entry-level work remaining unchanged for years.
2．What do the remaining jobs require?
A．Long working hours. B．Physical strength and speed.
C．Human emotions and thoughts. D．Basic computer technologies.
3．What should education help people learn to do?A．Use more advanced AI-assisted tools. B．Look at the long run and think more deeply.
C．Rebuild their memories of knowledge. D．Know how to ask AI to handle everything.
4．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Why Humanities Still matter in the Age of AI
B．Is AI a Big Threat to Our Traditional Education
C．How Technology Will Replace Entry-Level Jobs
D．The Decline of Philosophy in Modern Universities
