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练习 1 单句语法填空＋阅读理解
授课提示：对应学生用书1页
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(冠词)
1．[2024·江苏连云港联考]It is said that firewalls play ________ critical role in keeping
companies and people safe.
答案与解析：a 句意为：据说防火墙在保护公司和人们的安全方面发挥着关键作用。
play a(n)...role为固定短语，意为“起……的作用”，且critical的发音以辅音音素开头，故
填不定冠词a。
2．[2024·云南昆明统测]A miniature black horse with ________ white nose ran into a room
in Nashville's Monroe Carell, Jr. Children's Hospital.
答案与解析：a 句意为：在纳什维尔的小门罗·卡雷尔儿童医院里，一匹长着白鼻子
的小黑马跑进了病房。根据常识和设空后的单数可数名词 nose可知，此处指一个鼻子，应
用不定冠词；且white的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
3．[2024·福建泉州质检]That way, children can gain ________ better understanding of their
local features and customs during the process of accelerated urbanization that is reshaping the
city's landscape.
答案与解析：a 句意为：这样，孩子们就可以在重塑城市景观的加速的城市化进程中
更好地了解他们当地的特色和习俗。固定短语have a better understanding of sth.意为“对某
物有一个更好的了解”，故填a。
4．Montreal, ________ port city in the province of Quebec, is the second largest city in
Canada.
答案与解析：a 蒙特利尔是魁北克省的一个港口城市，是加拿大第二大城市。此处 a
port city是Montreal的同位语，表泛指，故填a。
5．It means we make sacrifices now, but in ________ long run it'll save us a lot of money.
答案与解析：the in the long run“从长远来看”，是固定搭配，故填the。
6．Here is ________ very person we are looking for, one with ________ good knowledge of
German.
答案与解析：the; a 这正是我们要找的那个人，一个对德语知识掌握得很好的人。
person被very和定语从句修饰，故第一空应用定冠词 the，表特指；knowledge意为“知
识”，一般用作不可数名词，但当指“某一门知识，某一门学问”时，抽象名词具体化，
用作可数名词，故第二空用不定冠词a。
7．It is such ________ great pleasure for me to give a speech on the nature of human beings
before ________ whole class.
答案与解析：a; the 第一空，pleasure本为不可数名词，此处是抽象名词具体化，表
示“令人高兴的一件事”，故用不定冠词表泛指；第二空，whole常与the搭配，故用定冠
词。
8．With the popularity of the Internet, the power of newspapers seems to be on ________
decrease.
答案与解析：the on the increase/decrease是固定搭配，表示“增长/减少”，故用定冠词the。
9．If you want to improve your working efficiency, it will be ________ necessity for you to
make ________ most of your time.
答案与解析：a; the 第一空，此处表示“一种必需品”，因此necessity前加a；第二
空，make the most of表示“充分利用”，为固定搭配。
10．________ cake you bought smells sweet, but I don't want to have a bite of it for
________ time being.
答案与解析：The; the 你买的蛋糕闻起来很香，但我暂时不想吃。第一空，cake被定
语从句you bought所修饰，因此其前加定冠词the表特指。第二空，for the time being“暂
时”，为固定用法。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
2024·新课标Ⅰ卷，A 应用文 206词 ★★☆☆☆
HABITAT RESTORATION TEAM
Help restore and protect Marin's natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge.
We'll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive (侵入的) plant removal, winter
planting, and seed collection. Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring
sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys.
GROUPS
Groups of five or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed in advance.
Please review the List of Available Projects and fill out the Group Project Request Form.
AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING
Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome. Read our Youth Policy Guidelines for youth under
the age of 15.
Bring your completed Volunteer Agreement Form. Volunteers under the age of 18 must have
the parent/guardian approval section signed.
We'll be working rain or shine. Wear clothes that can get dirty. Bring layers for changing
weather and a raincoat if necessary.
Bring a personal water bottle, sunscreen, and lunch.
No experience necessary. Training and tools will be provided. Fulfills (满足) community
service requirements.
UPCOMING EVENTS
Time Meeting Location
Sunday, Jan. 15 10：00 am—1：00 pm Battery Alexander Trailhead
Sunday, Jan. 22 10：00 am—2：30 pm Stinson Beach Parking Lot
Sunday, Jan. 29 9：30 am—2：30 pm Coyote Ridge Trailhead
语篇类型：应用文 主题语境：人与社会——公益事业与志愿服务——生物栖息
地修复工作队志愿者招募
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了Habitat Restoration Team这一组织，以及其开展的一
系列活动。
1．What is the aim of the Habitat Restoration Team?
A.To discover mineral resources.
B.To develop new wildlife parks.C.To protect the local ecosystem.
D.To conduct biological research.
答案与解析：C 理解具体信息。根据第一段中的“Help restore and protect Marin's
natural areas”和“Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive
resources and protecting endangered species”可知，生物栖息地修复工作队恢复和保护自然区
域，在恢复敏感资源和保护濒危物种方面起到极其重要的作用。由此可见，生物栖息地修
复工作队的目标是保护当地的生态系统，故选C。
2．What is the lower age limit for joining the Habitat Restoration Team?
A．5. B．10.
C.15. D．18.
答案与解析：B 理解具体信息。根据 AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING 部分中的
“Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome”可知，加入生物栖息地修复工作队的最低年龄是
10岁，故选B。
3．What are the volunteers expected to do?
A.Bring their own tools.
B.Work even in bad weather.
C.Wear a team uniform.
D.Do at least three projects.
答案与解析：B 理解具体信息。根据 AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING 部分中的
“We'll be working rain or shine... Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if necessary”
可知，无论天气好坏，志愿者都会工作。由此可见，志愿者甚至会在恶劣天气下工作，故
选B。
B
2024·九省联考 说明文 320词 ★★☆☆☆
Parrots are prey animals, which means that other predators (捕食者) in the wild, such as
hawks or snakes, are looking to make them into a meal. This one factor influences parrots'
behavior in your house more than any other.
Parrots are most easily hurt when feeding on the ground. Membership in a group plays an
important function in ensuring their safety and improving their chances of survival from attacks by
predators. The most common predators of parrots include hawks, snakes, cats, monkeys, and bats.
Some predators make attacks only during the day while others hunt in the night.
As prey animals, parrots are constantly watching out for danger and they instinctively (本能
地) react to risks. Their first choice is to take flight. However, if this is not possible, they will fight
with their powerful beaks to defend themselves.
Because their biggest enemy is the hawk, parrots are especially reactive to quick movements
from above and behind. For this reason, it is wise to avoid quick, sudden movements near your
bird. This is a builtin reaction not subject to logic or reason. Simple and relatively harmless
household objects can draw extreme fear responses from a bird. For example, a balloon may
represent a hawk or a vacuum hose (吸尘器软管)may be the same as a snake in your bird's mind.
As prey animals, parrots are often frightened by exposure to new household items or
strangers. It is important to expose your bird to safe experiences and changes starting at a very
young age to build flexibility and improve their adaptability. Variety in diet and toys, travel, and
exposure to new people and places all help to make your bird more flexible and adaptable tochange.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了鹦鹉作为被捕食动物的行为特性
和生存策略。
4．What is important for parrots to better survive from attacks in the wild?
A．Living in a group.
B．Growing beautiful feathers.
C．Feeding on the ground.
D．Avoiding coming out at night.
答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第二段“Membership in a group plays an important
function in ensuring their safety and improving their chances of survival from attacks by
predators.(群体中的成员在确保其安全和提高其从捕食者袭击中幸存下来的机会方面起着重
要作用。)”可知，鹦鹉要想更好地在野外躲避攻击，重要的是要进行集体生活，故选A项。
5．What is parrots' first response to an immediate risk?
A．To attack back. B．To get away.
C．To protect the young. D．To play dead.
答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第三段“As prey animals, parrots are constantly
watching out for danger and they instinctively (本能地) react to risks. Their first choice is to take
flight.(作为猎物，鹦鹉会时刻警惕危险，并本能地对风险做出反应。它们的第一反应是飞
走。)”可知，鹦鹉对直接风险的第一反应是逃跑，故选B项。
6．Why would a balloon frighten a parrot?
A．It may explode suddenly.
B．It may be in a strange shape.
C．It may have a strong color.
D．It may move around quickly.
答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Because their biggest enemy is the
hawk, parrots are especially reactive to quick movements from above and behind.(因为它们最大
的敌人是鹰，鹦鹉对来自上方和后方的快速移动特别敏感。)” 和下文“This is a builtin
reaction not subject to logic or reason.Simple and relatively harmless household objects can draw
extreme fear responses from a bird. For example, a balloon may represent a hawk or a vacuum
hose (吸尘器软管) may be the same as a snake in your bird's mind.(这是一种不受逻辑或理性约
束的内在反应。简单且相对无害的家居用品会引起鸟类的极度恐惧反应。例如，在你的鸟
心目中，气球可能代表鹰，或者吸尘器软管可能被视为蛇。)”可知，气球能够吓到鹦鹉是
因为气球可能移动速度快，让鹦鹉联想到鹰，故选D项。
7．What is the author's purpose of writing the text?
A．To explain wild parrots' behavior.
B．To give advice on raising a parrot.
C．To call for action to protect animals.
D．To introduce a study on bird ecology.
答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第一段“Parrots are prey animals, which means that
other predators (捕食者) in the wild, such as hawks or snakes, are looking to make them into a
meal. This one factor influences parrots' behavior in your house more than any other.(鹦鹉是猎物
这意味着在野外的其他捕食者，如鹰或蛇，正在寻找将它们作为食物。这一个因素比任何
其他因素都更能影响鹦鹉在家里的行为。)”、倒数第二段“Simple and relatively harmless
household objects can draw extreme fear responses from a bird. For example, a balloon mayrepresent a hawk or a vacuum hose (吸尘器软管) may be the same as a snake in your bird's mind.
(简单且相对无害的家居用品会引起鸟类的极度恐惧反应。例如，在你的鸟心目中，气球可
能代表鹰，或者吸尘器软管可能被视为蛇。)”以及最后一段“As prey animals, parrots are
often frightened by exposure to new household items or strangers. It is important to expose your
bird to safe experiences and changes starting at a very young age to build flexibility and improve
their adaptability. Variety in diet and toys, travel, and exposure to new people and places all help
to make your bird more flexible and adaptable to change.(作为猎物，鹦鹉经常被新的家庭用品
或陌生人吓到。从很小的时候就开始让你的鸟接触安全的体验和变化，以构建灵活应对性
并提高它们的适应性，这一点很重要。饮食和玩具的多样性、旅行以及接触新的人和地方
都有助于让你的鸟更灵活，更适应变化。)”可知，本文的写作目的是对饲养鹦鹉提建议，
故选B项。
黄金考点
语法填空——冠词
考点1 冠词表示特指
Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ________ past 25
考例
years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
over the past 25 years在此处表示特指“在过去的25年里”，表示特
点拨
指用定冠词the。
考点2 冠词表示泛指
考例 Instead, she is earning ￡6，500 a day as ________ model in New York.
表示职业的单数可数名词前通常加不定冠词。此处表示一个泛指的
点拨
“模特”，故用不定冠词a。
