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2026年中考英语常考考点专题之名词词义辨析
一.选择题(共25小题)
1.(2025•齐齐哈尔二模) I'm thirsty now.There is no in the fridge.We need to buy some.
( )
A.egg B.cheese C.juice
2.I tried to advise them not to do that,but my advice had no on them at all.( )
A.information B.invention
C.introduction D.influence
3.(2025•大余县模拟)The film The Volunteers:The Battle of Life and Death(《志愿军:存亡之战》)
won high from people around China.( )
A.praise B.right C.prize D.effect
4.(2025•龙岩二模)—Here is my family ________.We took it last Sunday.
—What a happy family!( )
A.photo B.trip C.member
5.(2025•海门区二模)It's time for sports.The two girls are playing ______.
( )
A.tennis B.baseball
C. basketball D.volleyball
6 . ( 2025• 镇 江 ) Those students always study and exercise together.They have a close
with each other.( )
A.relationship B.scholarship
C.imagination D.instruction
7.(2025•峨眉山市模拟)—Paper cutting is an important part of our ________.
—Yes!We should pass it down to younger generations.( )
A.history B.culture C.science
8.(2025•泗县一模)—Tony wants to gain more ________ through reading books every day.That's why he
第1页(共14页)visits the library often.
—Yes.He believes learning never stops.( )
A.activities B.knowledge
C.courage D.health
9.(2025•上饶一模)—Hi,John,you do tai chi really well.What is your________?
—Practice makes perfect.( )
A.result B.purpose C.choice D.secret
10.(2025•吉安模拟)We should have learning goals and make ______ for our studies.( )
A. choices B. messages C. plans D. purposes
11.(2025•利州区模拟)—Jenny,I can't solve the problems by myself.What should I do?
—Maybe working in groups is a good .( )
A.rule B.survey C.report D.method
12.(2025•淮北三模)—Emma,why do you like cooking at home so much?
—Well,as for me,the of cooking doesn't lie in filling the stomach,but in feeling the warmth of
home.( )
A.symbol B.purpose C.meaning D.reason
13.(2025•滁州三模) For many young people,wearing Hanfu is a kind of to spread Chinese
traditional culture.( )
A.clothes B.reason C.symbol D.form
14.(2025•安徽模拟)—Jane has been absent from school for a week because of her .
—Oh,how about going to the hospital to cheer her up this Saturday?( )
A.business B.fear C.illness D.mistake
15.(2025•江西二模)—So,what is the of your success?
—Nothing much,just keep thinking and trying.( )
A.secret B.doubt C.list D.example
16.(2025•安庆模拟)—Anna is entering a new________—she joined the Robot Club!Isn't that exciting?
—Yes!She mainly studied music in the past,but new club brings fun and growth.( )
A.country B.trouble C.field D.building
17.(2025•亳州模拟)—What's your main________for picking that restaurant?
—Just because of its great reviews online.( )
A.purpose B.reason C.problem D.subject
第2页(共14页)18.(2025•宿州三模) We are sure to realize our dreams with the of our teachers and parents.(
)
A.experience B.support
C.discovery D.duty
19.(2025•蒙城县模拟)—Once you've made a ________,you had better not change your mind.
—OK,Mr Fang.I will stick to what I have made.( )
A.mistake B.decision C.speech D.record
20.(2025•颍上县三模)"When people are of one mind,they can move Mount Taishan."means the ______ of
people working together is amazing.( )
A.standard B.purpose C. power D.spirit
21.(2025•安徽三模)—Do you remember the store where we bought this sofa?
—Sorry,I don't.Could you tell more about it to refresh my ________ ?( )
A.mind B.thought C.spirit D.memory
22.(2025•岳西县模拟)— Why do you say Captain Cook made the________?
—Because he was the first man to find the island.( )
A.invention B.decision C.discovery D.program
23.(2025•澄迈县模拟)—Could you tell me who the ruler of the USA in the 17th century was?
—Sorry.I have little________of American history.( )
A.message B.advice C.knowledge
24.(2025•东营模拟)—Nowadays more and more foreigners are becoming interested in Chinese New Year.
—That's true.It's an important part of Chinese______.( )
A.culture B.holiday C.education D.invention
25.(2025•临川区模拟)—Do you still remember the robots in the Yangge dance at the Spring
Festival Gala (春节联欢晚会)?
—Yes,they were made by Unitree,a robotics company in Hangzhou.( )
A.competition B.project
C.resolution D.performance
第3页(共14页)2026年中考英语常考考点专题之名词词义辨析
参考答案与试题解析
一.选择题(共25小题)
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案 C D A A D A B B D C D
题号 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
答案 C D C A C B B B C D C
题号 23 24 25
答案 C A D
一.选择题(共25小题)
1.(2025•齐齐哈尔二模) I'm thirsty now.There is no in the fridge.We need to buy some.
( )
A.egg B.cheese C.juice
【考点】名词词义辨析.
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【答案】C
【分析】我现在口渴了。冰箱里没有果汁了,我们需要买一些。
【解答】egg鸡蛋;cheese奶酪;juice果汁。根据前句I'm thirsty now.(我现在口渴了。)可知,是指
冰箱没有果汁。
故选:C。
【点评】考查名词词义辨析。根据句意和选项得出答案。
2.I tried to advise them not to do that,but my advice had no on them at all.( )
A.information B.invention
C.introduction D.influence
【考点】名词词义辨析.
菁优网版权所有
【答案】D
【分析】我试图劝告他们不要那样做,但我的建议对他们完全没有影响。
【解答】A.信息;B.发明;C.介绍;D.影响。根据I tried to advise them not to do that(我试图劝
告他们不要那样做)可知,此处是但我的建议对他们完全没有影响。
故选:D。
【点评】要求学生熟悉常见的名词的含义及用法,再根据题干即可作出选择。
第4页(共14页)3.(2025•大余县模拟)The film The Volunteers:The Battle of Life and Death(《志愿军:存亡之战》)
won high from people around China.( )
A.praise B.right C.prize D.effect
【考点】名词词义辨析.
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【答案】A
【分析】电影《志愿军:存亡之战》赢得了全中国人民的高度赞扬。
【解答】A.赞扬;B.权利;C.奖赏;D.效果。根据The Battle of Life and Death(《志愿军:存亡之
战》)(《志愿军:存亡之战》)可知,此处是电影《志愿军:存亡之战》赢得了全中国人民的高度
赞扬。
故选:A。
【点评】要求学生熟悉常见的名词的含义及用法,再根据题干即可作出选择。
4.(2025•龙岩二模)—Here is my family ________.We took it last Sunday.
—What a happy family!( )
A.photo B.trip C.member
【考点】名词词义辨析.
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【答案】A
【分析】—这是我的全家福。我们上周日拍的。
—多么幸福的一个家庭啊!
【解答】photo照片;trip旅行;member成员。根据"We took it last Sunday."(我们上周日拍的。),这
里"took"是"take"的过去式,"take a photo"是固定搭配,意为"拍照",可知这里说的是全家福照片。
故选:A。
【点评】考查名词辨析。要求学生熟悉常见的 名词的含义及用法,再根据题干即可作出选择。
5.(2025•海门区二模)It's time for sports.The two girls are playing ______.
( )
A.tennis B.baseball
C. basketball D.volleyball
【考点】名词词义辨析.
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第5页(共14页)【答案】D
【分析】是运动的时间了。这两个女孩正在打排球。
【解答】A.网球;B.棒球;C.篮球;D.排球。根据It's time for sports(是运动的时间了。)及图片提示,
可知,此处是这两个女孩正在打排球。
故选:D。
【点评】要求学生熟悉常见的名词的含义及用法,再根据题干即可作出选择。
6 . ( 2025• 镇 江 ) Those students always study and exercise together.They have a close
with each other.( )
A.relationship B.scholarship
C.imagination D.instruction
【考点】名词词义辨析.
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【答案】A
【分析】那些学生总是一起学习和锻炼。他们彼此之间有着亲密的关系。
【解答】relationship关系,侧重人与人之间的联系或情感联结;scholarship奖学金,指用于资助学习
的资金;imagination想象力,是指创造新想法或画面的能力;instruction指导、说明,常指对做事方法
的指引。根据"Those students always study and exercise together."(那些学生总是一起学习和锻炼。)可
推断,他们之间的联系紧密,"have a close relationship"(有亲密的关系)符合语境。
故选:A。
【点评】本题考查名词辨析,要求学生熟悉常见的名词含义及用法,再根据题干即可作出选择。
7.(2025•峨眉山市模拟)—Paper cutting is an important part of our ________.
—Yes!We should pass it down to younger generations.( )
A.history B.culture C.science
【考点】名词词义辨析.
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【答案】B
【分析】—剪纸是我们文化的重要组成部分。
—是的!我们应该把它传承给年轻一代。
【解答】history 历史;culture 文化;science 科学。根据"We should pass it down to younger
generations"(我们应该把它传承给年轻一代。)可知剪纸属于传统文化的一部分。
故选:B。
【点评】考查名词辨析。要求学生熟悉常见的名词的含义及用法,再根据题干即可作出选择。
8.(2025•泗县一模)—Tony wants to gain more ________ through reading books every day.That's why he
第6页(共14页)visits the library often.
—Yes.He believes learning never stops.( )
A.activities B.knowledge
C.courage D.health
【考点】名词词义辨析.
菁优网版权所有
【答案】B
【分析】— 托尼想通过每天读书获得更多知识。那就是他经常去图书馆的原因。
— 是的。他相信学无止境。
【解答】activities活动;knowledge知识;courage勇气;health健康。根据"through reading books"(通
过读书)以及"learning never stops"(学无止境)可知,读书是为了获取知识。
故选:B。
【点评】考查名词辨析。要求学生熟悉常见的名词的含义及用法,再根据题干即可作出选择。
9.(2025•上饶一模)—Hi,John,you do tai chi really well.What is your________?
—Practice makes perfect.( )
A.result B.purpose C.choice D.secret
【考点】名词词义辨析.
菁优网版权所有
【答案】D
【分析】﹣﹣嗨,John,你打太极打得真的很好。你的秘诀是什么?
﹣﹣熟能生巧。
【解答】result结果;purpose目的;choice选择;secret秘诀;根据句意,回答"熟能生巧",可知是问
你太极打得好的秘诀是什么。
故选:D。
【点评】名词的用法比较广泛,要在理解名词意思的基础上,根据具体语境,仔细分析,完成试题。
10.(2025•吉安模拟)We should have learning goals and make ______ for our studies.( )
A. choices B. messages C. plans D. purposes
【考点】名词词义辨析.
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【答案】C
【分析】我们应该有学习目标,并且为我们的学习制定计划。
【解答】choices选择;messages信息;plans计划;purposes目的。根据前文"We should have learning
goals"(我们应该有学习目标)以及选项可知,此处表示为我们的学习制定计划。make plans
for"为……制定计划"。
故选:C。
第7页(共14页)【点评】考查名词辨析。要求学生熟悉常见的名词的含义及用法,再根据题干即可作出选择。
11.(2025•利州区模拟)—Jenny,I can't solve the problems by myself.What should I do?
—Maybe working in groups is a good .( )
A.rule B.survey C.report D.method
【考点】名词词义辨析.
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【答案】D
【分析】—珍妮,我自己解决不了这些问题。我该怎么办?
—也许小组合作是个好方法。
【解答】rule规则;survey调查;report报告;method方法。根据"working in groups "(小组合作)可
知,小组合作是一个解决问题的方法。
故选:D。
【点评】考查名词辨析。要求学生熟悉常见的名词的含义及用法,再根据题干即可作出选择。
12.(2025•淮北三模)—Emma,why do you like cooking at home so much?
—Well,as for me,the of cooking doesn't lie in filling the stomach,but in feeling the warmth of
home.( )
A.symbol B.purpose C.meaning D.reason
【考点】名词词义辨析.
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【答案】C
【分析】—艾玛,你为什么这么喜欢在家做饭?
—嗯,对我来说,烹饪的意义不在于填饱肚子,而在于感受家的温暖。
【解答】symbol象征;purpose目的;meaning意义;reason原因。根据句意可知,艾玛烹饪的真正意
义是感受家庭的温暖。
故选:C。
【点评】考查名词词义辨析。根据句意和选项得出正确答案。
13.(2025•滁州三模) For many young people,wearing Hanfu is a kind of to spread Chinese
traditional culture.( )
A.clothes B.reason C.symbol D.form
【考点】名词词义辨析.
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【答案】D
【分析】对于许多年轻人来说,穿汉服是一种传播中国传统文化的形式。
【解答】clothes 衣服;reason 原因;symbol 象征;form 形式。根据"wearing Hanfu is a kind of...to
spread Chinese traditional culture"(穿汉服是一种传播中国传统文化的……。)可知,此处指穿汉服是
第8页(共14页)一种传播中国传统文化的形式。
故选:D。
【点评】考查名词辨析。要求学生熟悉常见的名词的含义及用法,再根据题干即可作出选择。
14.(2025•安徽模拟)—Jane has been absent from school for a week because of her .
—Oh,how about going to the hospital to cheer her up this Saturday?( )
A.business B.fear C.illness D.mistake
【考点】名词词义辨析.
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【答案】C
【分析】—Jane因为生病已经一周没来学校了。
—哦,这个周六去医院让她振作起来怎么样?
【解答】business商业,生意;fear害怕;illness疾病;mistake错误。根据"has been absent from school
for a week"(已经一周没来学校了)以及"going to the hospital"(去医院)可知,Jane一周没来学校,
并且要去医院,可以推断出她是因为生病才没来学校的。
故选:C。
【点评】考查名词辨析。要求学生熟悉常见的名词的含义及用法,再根据题干即可作出选择。
15.(2025•江西二模)—So,what is the of your success?
—Nothing much,just keep thinking and trying.( )
A.secret B.doubt C.list D.example
【考点】名词词义辨析.
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【答案】A
【分析】—所以,你成功的秘诀是什么呢?
—没什么大不了,就是不断思考和尝试。
【解答】secret秘诀;doubt怀疑;list清单;example例子。根据后句just keep thinking and trying.(不
断思考和尝试。)可知,不断思考和尝试应是成功的秘诀。
故选:A。
【点评】考查名词词义辨析。根据句意和选项得出正确答案。
16.(2025•安庆模拟)—Anna is entering a new________—she joined the Robot Club!Isn't that exciting?
—Yes!She mainly studied music in the past,but new club brings fun and growth.( )
A.country B.trouble C.field D.building
【考点】名词词义辨析.
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【答案】C
【分析】—安娜正在进入一个新领域——她加入了机器人俱乐部!这难道不令人兴奋吗?
第9页(共14页)—是的!她过去主要学习音乐,但新俱乐部带来了乐趣和成长。
【解答】country国家;trouble麻烦;field领域;building建筑物。根据后句she joined the Robot Club!
(她加入了机器人俱乐部!)以及下文 She mainly studied music in the past,(她过去主要学习音
乐,)可知,安娜过去学音乐,现在加入机器人俱乐部,应是进入了一个新的领域。
故选:C。
【点评】考查名词词义辨析。根据句意和选项得出正确答案。
17.(2025•亳州模拟)—What's your main________for picking that restaurant?
—Just because of its great reviews online.( )
A.purpose B.reason C.problem D.subject
【考点】名词词义辨析.
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【答案】B
【分析】—你选择那家餐厅的主要原因是什么?
—只是因为它在网上的好评。
【解答】purpose目的;reason原因;problem问题;subject科目。根据答语 Just because of its great
reviews online.(只是因为它在网上的好评。)可知,这应是选择那家餐厅的原因。
故选:B。
【点评】考查名词词义辨析。根据句意和选项得出正确答案。
18.(2025•宿州三模) We are sure to realize our dreams with the of our teachers and parents.(
)
A.experience B.support
C.discovery D.duty
【考点】名词词义辨析.
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【答案】B
【分析】在老师和家长的支持下,我们一定会实现我们的梦想。
【解答】experience经验,经历;support支持;discovery发现;duty责任,职责。根据空前We are
sure to realize our dreams(我们一定会实现我们的梦想)可知,应是在老师和家长的支持下,我们才能
实现梦想,所以应该用support。
故选:B。
【点评】考查名词词义辨析。根据句意和选项得出正确答案。
19.(2025•蒙城县模拟)—Once you've made a ________,you had better not change your mind.
—OK,Mr Fang.I will stick to what I have made.( )
第10页(共14页)A.mistake B.decision C.speech D.record
【考点】名词词义辨析.
菁优网版权所有
【答案】B
【分析】—一旦你做了决定,最好不要改变主意。
—好的,方先生。我会坚持我所做的。
【解答】mistake错误;decision决定;speech演讲;record记录。根据答句I will stick to what I have
made.(我会坚持我所做的。)可知,此处指做决定。
故选:B。
【点评】考查名词词义辨析。根据句意和选项得出正确答案。
20.(2025•颍上县三模)"When people are of one mind,they can move Mount Taishan."means the ______ of
people working together is amazing.( )
A.standard B.purpose C. power D.spirit
【考点】名词词义辨析.
菁优网版权所有
【答案】C
【分析】"人心齐,泰山移"意思是人与人合作的力量是惊人的。
【解答】standard标准;purpose目的,意图;power力量;spirit精神,灵魂。根据句意和常识可知,
应是"人心齐,泰山移"强调的是团结的力量。
故选:C。
【点评】考查名词词义辨析。根据句意和选项得出正确答案。
21.(2025•安徽三模)—Do you remember the store where we bought this sofa?
—Sorry,I don't.Could you tell more about it to refresh my ________ ?( )
A.mind B.thought C.spirit D.memory
【考点】名词词义辨析.
菁优网版权所有
【答案】D
【分析】—你还记得我们买这个沙发的那家商店吗?
—抱歉,我不记得了。你能多告诉我一些关于它的信息来唤起我的记忆吗?
【解答】mind头脑;thought想法;spirit精神;memory记忆。根据".Could you tell more about…"(你
能多告诉我一些关于)可知,此处指的是唤起我的记忆。
故选:D。
【点评】考查名词辨析。要求学生熟悉常见的名词的含义及用法,再根据题干即可作出选择。
22.(2025•岳西县模拟)— Why do you say Captain Cook made the________?
—Because he was the first man to find the island.( )
第11页(共14页)A.invention B.decision C.discovery D.program
【考点】名词词义辨析.
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【答案】C
【分析】——你为什么说库克船长做了这个发现?
——因为他是第一个发现这个岛的人。
【解答】invention发明;decision决定;discovery发现;program项目,节目,都是名词。根据后句句
意"因为他是第一个发现这个岛的人"可知,前句为"你为什么说库克船长做了这个发现",要填"发现",
其它选项语意不通。
故选:C。
【点评】考查名词词义辨析,要牢记名词的词义及用法,进行比较分析,选择正确答案。
23.(2025•澄迈县模拟)—Could you tell me who the ruler of the USA in the 17th century was?
—Sorry.I have little________of American history.( )
A.message B.advice C.knowledge
【考点】名词词义辨析.
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【答案】C
【分析】—你能告诉我17世纪美国的统治者是谁吗?
—抱歉,我对美国历史知之甚少。
【解答】A.消息;B.建议;C.知识。根据Could you tell me who the ruler of the USA in the 17th
century was?(你能告诉我17世纪美国的统治者是谁吗?)及Sorry.对不起,可知,此处是我对美国
历史知之甚少。
故选:C。
【点评】要求学生熟悉常见的名词的含义及用法,再根据题干即可作出选择。
24.(2025•东营模拟)—Nowadays more and more foreigners are becoming interested in Chinese New Year.
—That's true.It's an important part of Chinese______.( )
A.culture B.holiday C.education D.invention
【考点】名词词义辨析.
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【答案】A
【分析】—现在越来越多的外国人对中国新年很感兴趣。
—的确是这样。它是中国文化重要的一部分。
【解答】culture文化;holiday假期;education教育;invention发明。根据"Chinese New Year."(中国
新年)可知,新年是中国文化的一部分。
故选:A。
第12页(共14页)【点评】考查名词辨析。要求学生熟悉常见的名词的含义及用法,再根据题干即可作出选择。
25.(2025•临川区模拟)—Do you still remember the robots in the Yangge dance at the Spring
Festival Gala (春节联欢晚会)?
—Yes,they were made by Unitree,a robotics company in Hangzhou.( )
A.competition B.project
C.resolution D.performance
【考点】名词词义辨析.
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【答案】D
【分析】—你还记得春节联欢晚会上跳秧歌舞的机器人表演吗?
—是的,它们是由杭州的机器人公司宇树科技制造的。
【解答】competition比赛;project项目;resolution决心,决定;performance表演。根据"the robots in
the Yangge dance...at the Spring Festival Gala (春节联欢晚会)"(你还记得春节联欢晚会上跳秧歌舞的
机器人……吗?)可知,此处是在询问是否记得春节联欢晚会上的机器人表演,performance"表演"符
合句意。
故选:D。
【点评】要求学生熟悉常见的名词的含义及用法,再根据题干即可作出选择。
第13页(共14页)考点卡片
1.名词词义辨析
【考点介绍】
名词词义辨析主要考察学生对于具有相似或相近意义的名词的辨析能力,这些名词在意义或用法上可能
存在细微的差别。常见的考查方式包括单项选择题、填空题、阅读理解题等。
【典型例题】
Remember to return the book on time or you will get a______.( )
A.fineB.billC.list
分析:记得按时还书,否则你会受到罚款的。
解答:A.罚款,B.账单,C.清单,根据Remember to return the book on time可知要按时还书,否则会受到
罚款。
故选:A。
点评:分析名词的含义,结合句意作答。
【解题思路】
1.确定选项中的名词
首先需要确定选项中给出的名词,以便后续的辨析。可以大致理解每个名词的大致意思,对于不熟悉的
名词可以借助词典或其他工具进行查询。
2.分析上下文语境
根据上下文语境来确定需要选择的名词。注意名词所在句子的主谓宾结构和整段文字的大致意思,根据
这些信息来选择正确的名词。
3.注意名词的细微差别
对于具有相似或相近意义的名词,需要注意它们之间的细微差别。例如,"desk"和"table"都可以表示桌子,
但是"desk"通常用于学习或工作,"table"则更加通用。
4.结合生活常识和背景知识
有时候题目会考察一些生活常识和背景知识,需要结合自己的背景知识来进行辨析。例
如,"moon"和"sun"的区别,可以根据自己的地理知识来选择正确的名词。
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