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北京市东城区 2021-2022 学年度第一学期期末统一检测
初二英语
一、单项填空（每题0.5分, 共4分）
从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. This isn’t my dictionary. ________ is over there, on the desk.
A. His B. Mine C. Hers D. Yours
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：这不是我的字典。我的在那边，在桌子上。
考查代词辨析。His他的；Mine我的；Hers她的；Yours你的/你们的。根据“This isn’t my dictionary.”可知，
此处表示“我的”，故选B。
2. You’ve got a report tomorrow, ________ you’d better prepare for it tonight.
A. or B. so C. but D. for
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：你明天有个报告，因此你最好今晚准备一下。
考查并列连词的辨析。or或者，表选择关系；so所以，表因果关系中的结果；but但是，表转折关系；for
因为，表原因。根据“You’ve got a report tomorrow,…you’d better prepare for it tonight.”可知，你明天有个报
告，你最好今晚准备一下，前后两句是因果关系，为前因后果，所以空处用so连接。故选B。
3. Peter! The ice is too thin. It is dangerous. You ________ keep out.
A. could B. must C. may D. might
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：彼得！冰太薄了。这很危险。你必须留在外面。
考查情态动词辨析。could能；must必须；may可以；might可能。根据“The ice is too thin. It is dangerous.”
可知，很危险所以必须留在外面。故选B。
4. Yuan Longping is one of ________ scientists in the world.
A. great B. greater C. greatest D. the greatest
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：袁隆平是世界上最伟大的科学家之一。考查形容词最高级。“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”表示“最……之一”，故此处要用great的最
高级greatest；形容词最高级前的定冠词the不能省略。故选D。
5. Betty often ________ a walk with her parents after school.
A. takes B. was taking C. is taking D. will take
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：放学后贝蒂经常和她的父母散步。
考查动词的时态。由often可知时态是一般现在时, 主语Betty接动词第三人称单数形式。故选A。
6. My mum ________ on the computer when Grandma called her last night.
A. works B. will work C. was working D. is working
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：昨晚奶奶给我妈妈打电话时，她正在电脑上工作。
考查动词时态。根据“My mum…on the computer when Grandma called her last night.”可知，空处表示在过去
的某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，构成形式为：was/were doing。故选C。
7. —What is your sister doing right now, Tony?
—She ________ her homework.
A. checks B. is checking C. checked D. will check
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——托尼，你姐姐现在在做什么？ ——她正在检查她的家庭作业。
考查动词时态。根据“What is your sister doing right now”可知，问句的时态是现在进行时，答语也应用此
时态，其谓语动词构成形式为：be doing。故选B。
8. The town ________ a lot of pollution in the past but it is not a problem any more.
A. has B. is having C. will have D. had
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：这个城镇过去有很多污染，但这已经不是问题了。
考查时态。根据“in the past”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词要用过去式；have的过去式为had。故选
D。
二、完形填空（每小题1分, 共8分）
的
阅读下面 短文，掌握其大意然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。Building a Class Project (项目)
David sat alone on the school bus home. He didn’t want to talk to his friends. They were all talking about their
class projects for the weekend. They were ___9___ but David wasn’t.
How could they understand his feelings when their parents would be them? Nobody would ___10___ David.
His mum worked all the time and his dad never wanted to do anything with him.
“How was school today?” Grandpa asked when David got home.
“It was okay, I guess.”
“You don’t sound like that.”
David told Grandpa about the ___11___. Each student needed to ask a grown-up for help, and together they
would build something. The students needed to make a report to explain how their projects had gone.
“That sounds nice,” Grandpa said “Why does it make you ___12___?”
David felt his sadness rising inside him. “I don’t have anyone to help me.”
Grandpa raised his eyebrows. “Who am I?” he asked.
“You’d build a project with me, Grandpa?” David said in surprise.
“Sure, I would,” Grandpa said ___13___.
David’s heart seemed so light that he thought it would fly away. Maybe this project wouldn’t be so bad.
They sat at the table and made a list of ideas. Finally, they ___14___ to build a robot from old boxes.
Two hours later, the robot was finished. The table was untidy, but David couldn’t stop ___15___.
“I think it’s the best robot I have ever built. Now I’ll write my report.” David said.
He turned towards his room, but he stopped. He ran to Grandpa and hugged him. “Thank you for helping me,
Grandpa. I had a lot of ___16___.”
Grandpa patted his shoulders. “Me, too. Now, go and write your report. Maybe next time we can make a
rocket.”
David smiled. He couldn’t wait any more.
9. A. afraid B. worried C. careful D. excited
10. A. follow B. help C. like D. ask
11. A. project B. bus C. school D. report12. A. bored B. unhappy C. sorry D. tired
13. A. quietly B. slowly C. calmly D. confidently
14. A. offered B. remembered C. decided D. promised
15. A. smiling B. cleaning C. playing D. watching
16. A. work B. time C. fun D. choice
【答案】9. D 10. B 11. A 12. B 13. D 14. C 15. C 16. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了大卫在爷爷的帮助下，完成学校的任务，非常开心。
【9题详解】
句意：他们很兴奋，但大卫不是。
afraid害怕的；worried担心的；carefu小心的；excite兴奋的。根据“They were all talking about their class
projects for the weekend”可知，他们都在谈论周末的项目计划，可见他们都很兴奋。故选D。
【10题详解】
句意：没有人会帮助大卫。
follow跟随；help帮助；like喜欢；ask询问。根据下文“I don’t have anyone to help me”可知，没有人帮助他。
故选B。
【11题详解】
句意：大卫把这个项目告诉了爷爷。
project项目；bus公交车；school学校；report报告。根据上文“They were all talking about their class
projects for the weekend.”可知，他们都在谈论周末的项目计划，可见他告诉了爷爷这个项目。故选A。
【12题详解】
句意：“听起来不错，” 爷爷说，“为什么它会让你不开心呢？”
bored无聊的；unhappy不开心的；sorry抱歉的；tired累的。根据“David felt his sadness rising inside him.”可
知，大卫感到内心的悲伤在上升，可见老师的作业让大卫不开心了。故选B。
【13题详解】
句意：“当然，我会的。” 爷爷自信地说。
quietly安静地；slowly慢慢地；calmly冷静地；confidently自信地。根据“Sure, I would”可知，是自信地说。
故选D。
【14题详解】
句意：最后，他们决定用旧箱子造一个机器人。
offered提供；remembered记得；decided决定；promised承诺。根据“to build a robot from old boxes”可知，
应该是决定建造一个机器人。故选C。【15题详解】
句意：桌子很乱，但大卫玩得停不下来 。
smiling微笑；cleaning打扫；playing玩；watching观看。根据“The table was untidy, but David couldn’t
stop…”可知，前后句表示转折，桌子凌乱不堪，但是大卫玩得停不下来。故选C。
【16题详解】
句意：谢谢你帮助我，爷爷。我玩得很开心。
work工作；time时间；fun乐趣；choice选择。根据“I had a lot of …”可知，本题考查短语“玩得开
心”have fun。故选C。
三、阅读理解（每小题2分, 共24分）
阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选择最佳选项。
Four great campsites（露营地）to try this summer
Sandy Bay
This campsite is on an excellent beach, and has its own surfing (冲浪) school with special prices for campers.
The sea is safe for swimming, so it's a great place for families. It doesn’t matter what size tent (帐篷) you bring, as
the campsite is large and you won’t be too near to your neighbours.
High Wood
,
There are lots of activities you can do at High Wood campsite from fishing to cycling. It’s not as large as
some campsites, but it’s clean and modern. There’s a special area where you can watch films under the stars. For
food shopping, try the shop in the nearby village.
Black Lake
The wonderful thing about Black Lake campsite is waking up in the morning and seeing the beautiful
mountains all around you. You can swim in the lake or walk in the forest. You don’t have to bring your own tent-
here are some you can pay to use. Don’t forget to bring your mountain bike with you. Its small supermarket has
long opening hours.
White River
There are many outdoor activities at White River campsite. There is a swimming pool, several playground
areas, volleyball and basketball courts. You can go fishing, go hiking or just read a book you like at your campsite.
There’s camp shop where you can buy food and drinks.
17. Which campsite offers a surfing school?
A. Sandy Bay. B. High Wood. C. Black Lake. D. White River.
18. What can people do at High Wood campsite?
A. Swim in the lake. B. Walk in the forest.C. Watch films under the stars. D. See the beautiful mountains.
19. What does the writer advise you to bring when you go to Black Lake campsite?
A. Some books. B. Food and drinks.
C. Your own tent. D. A.mountain bike.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了四个露营地。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Sandy Bay”中“and has its own surfing (冲浪) school with special prices for campers.”可知，
Sandy Bay露营地有自己的冲浪学校。故选A。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据“High Wood”中“There’s a special area where you can watch films under the stars.”可知，
在High Wood露营地时可以在星空下看电影。故选C。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Black Lake”中“Don’t forget to bring your mountain bike with you.”可知，作者建议你去
Black Lake露营地时要带上山地车。故选D。
Seven years ago, I was studying Tourism at college, but I needed to find a part-time（兼职的）job because it
was very expensive to study at college. I decided to become a weekend tour guide in my home city—Chicago,
USA. I was surprised to find how much I enjoyed taking visitors around the city. I got to see the city through the
eyes of tourists, and it felt like a new experience every time.
After finishing my studies, I decided to go into tour guiding full-time（全职）. I thought it would be quite
easy. But when I researched what I had to do, I found out that I needed to know a lot more than I’d learnt so far to
get a licence（执照）as a full-time tour guide. All city guides have to be able to answer hundreds of questions
about the city, covering everything from local history to the rules of public transport. After several difficult but
interesting months, I got my tour guide licence and became an independent tour guide.
Tour guiding isn’t just about knowing historical facts or making sure you don’t lose anyone from your group
in the crowds. There are many other necessary skills. You should be able to tell interesting stories, and the most
important one is to be able to face changing situations, for example, if a place that you thought was open is closed
when you arrive. Tourists don’t want to hear what the problems are or that they’re missing out on something, they
just want to enjoy a well-planned tour.
The visitors are happy with my tours because of the hard work I put into my job, and my tours are popular
with the visitors coming to Chicago.20. Why did the writer decide to work as a weekend tour guide?
A. To help pay for his studies. B. To get more life experience.
C. To prepare for his future job. D. To learn the history of the city.
21. What did the writer think of the job of a full-time tour guide?
A. It was quite easy to get a licence.
B. It needed a lot more than what he knew.
C. It was difficult to make all the tourists happy.
D. It offered him a chance to meet different people.
22. What does the writer think is the most important skill for his job?
A. Answering all kinds of questions.
B. Facing sudden changes during a tour.
C. Giving tourists all the information of the tour.
D. Checking that nobody gets lost during the tour.
【答案】20. A 21. B 22. B
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍了作者成为导游的经历和感受。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据“but I needed to find a part-time job because it was very expensive to study at college”可知，
因为上大学很贵，所以需要找一份兼职工作赚钱，故选A。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据“I thought it would be quite easy. But when I researched what I had to do, I found out that I
needed to know a lot more than I’d learnt so far to get a licence（执照）as a full-time tour guide.”可知，我以为
会很容易，但是当我研究我做什么，我发现我需要知道更多。故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据“and the most important one is to be able to face changing situations”可知，最重要的是能够
面对变化的情况，故选B。Koalas look so cute that you want to give them a hug. Of course. Koalas don’t hug or do they? During the hot
season in Australia, scientists noticed something unusual. As the temperatures rose, koalas high in the trees climbed
down from the treetops. They sat on lower tree limbs and looked as if they were hugging the trees. But why would
koalas hug trees?
Scientists have studied koalas for years. They know that koalas cannot sweat(出汗). The animals have few
ways to stay cool during the hottest days. They can lick or pant like dogs to keep cool. However, both ways can dry
them out. They could leave the safety of their trees to search for water, but water is difficult to find.
The scientists decided to do some study. They followed 37 koalas. First, they noted their posture(姿势) and
where they stayed in trees. When the weather was warm, the koalas sat high up in the treetops. They ate tree leaves
or rested. However, as the weather turned hot, the koalas climbed farther down. They kept their bodies close to tree
trunks(树干). Next, scientists used technology to find out why the koalas acted differently because of the weather.
They used a special camera to take photos. The camera made thermal images(热成像). In thermal images, darker
colors show cooler temperatures. Lighter colors show hotter temperatures.
These images showed that koalas hug trees to keep cool. They showed that the tree trunks were up to nine
degrees cooler than the air around them.
Koalas were using the trees to keep cool. By hugging the cooler trees, the animals could lower their
temperatures as much as 68 percent. This allowed the koalas to keep the water in their bodies. Clearly, hugging
trees offers relief to koalas when temperatures rise.
23. What did the scientists find about koalas during the hot season?
A. They stayed longer on treetops to eat more tree leaves.
B. They had many ways to stay cool during the hottest days.
C. They stayed in the lower part of the trees when it was hot.
.
D They climbed down trees to search for water in hot weather.
24. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. How the scientists did the research.
B. How koalas keep cool in hot weather.
C. Why the scientists used technology in the study.
D. Why koalas act differently because of the weather.
25. The word “relief” in Paragraph 5 probably means “________”.
A. a dangerous place B. a difficult situation
C. an exciting experience D. a comfortable feeling
【答案】23. C 24. A 25. D【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了树袋熊如何在炎热的季节里来保持凉爽。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“As the temperatures rose, koalas high in the trees climbed down from the treetops.
They sat on lower tree limbs and looked as if they were hugging the trees.”可知，随着气温上升，树袋熊从树
梢爬下来，他们坐在树的下肢上，看起来像是在拥抱树木，所以天气炎热时，他们待在的较低的地方，故
选C。
【24题详解】
段落大意题。根据第三段“The scientists decided to do some study.”可知，本段主要介绍了科学家们是如何
进行这项研究的，故选A。
【25题详解】
词义猜测题。根据最后一段“By hugging the cooler trees, the animals could lower their temperatures as much as
68 percent. This allowed the koalas to keep the water in their bodies.”可知，当气温上升时，拥抱树木可以减
轻考拉的痛苦，所以relief应意为“一种舒适的感觉”，即“a comfortable feeling”，故选D。
How good are you at remembering names, dates, and telephone numbers? It is not easy for all. Remembering
things is one of the most interesting functions (功能) of the human brain (大脑). That’s why scientists spend so
much time studying how it works.
Studies show that when we learn something new, it stays in our memory (记忆) for 20-30 seconds. This is our
short-term memory. Remembering a phone number long enough to find a piece of paper is an example. The
opposite of short-term memory is long-term memory, which is where things are stored in the brain for a long time.
The brain can turn short-term memory into long-term memory. For example, when studying for an exam, instead of
just reading the information once or twice, you might go over your notes again and again until you can remember
the important information.
Dave Farrow is known for his excellent memory. He has been listed twice in Guinness (吉尼斯) World
Records for Greatest Memory. As a student, Dave had great difficulties in learning. He found some ways to
improve his memory in order to do well in school. Here are some you can try.
One way is to look at the first letter of each word you want to remember. Then, make your own word or
sentence using all of those letters. For example, if you want to remember all the colours in a rainbow, try
remembering the name Roy G.Biv. Each letter in this name matches the first letter of a colour：red, orange, yellow,
green, blue, indigo and violet. Another way is to remember information in groups. For example, when you
remember a telephone number, remember three numbers as a group, the next four numbers as a group and the final
four numbers as a group. This way, your brain only has to remember three things instead of 11.If you are interested in improving your memory, apart from using some ways to remember things, there are
lots of simple things you can do, like eating healthily, sleeping well and exercising daily. Challenging (挑战) your
brain also helps you keep it healthy and active. So, why not start playing mind games, learning a musical
instrument or studying a new language?
26. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?
A. Short-term memory is less important than long-term memory.
B. The information needed for an exam stays in short-term memory.
C. People store new information in long-term memory by going over it.
D. Our short-term memory can hold information for more than half a minute.
27. The writer talks about Dave Farrow to ________.
A. describe how people remember things
B. show the importance of a great memory
C. tell people to use some ways to improve memory
D. give a reason why people need to improve memory
28. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A. Some advice to improve memory.
B. Some activities to challenge the brain.
C. Some advantages of playing mind games.
D. Some reasons for keeping the brain active.
【答案】26. C 27. C 28. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了记忆的种类以及诸多提升记忆力的方法。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The brain can turn short-term memory into long-term memory. For example,
when studying for an exam, instead of just reading the information once or twice, you might go over your notes
again and again until you can remember the important information.”可知，大脑可以将短期记忆转化为长期记忆。
人们通过反复复习可以将新信息储存在长期记忆中。故选C。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“He found some ways to improve his memory in order to do well in school. Here
are some you can try.”可知，作者提到他是为了告诉人们使用一些方法来提高记忆力。故选C。
【28题详解】
段落大意题。根据文章第五段“If you are interested in improving your memory, apart from using some ways toremember things, there are lots of simple things you can do, like eating healthily, sleeping well and exercising daily.
Challenging (挑战) your brain also helps you keep it healthy and active.”可知，除了用一些方法来记忆外，你还
可以做很多简单 的事情，比如健康饮食、睡眠和每天锻炼。本段主要介绍了一些提高记忆力的建议。
故选A。
四、阅读表达（每小题2分, 共8分）
阅读短文, 根据短文内容回答问题。
This fall, children in the Eixample area of Barcelona, Spain have a new way to get to school on Fridays—they
ride their bikes. In September, a group of five children began biking to school with their parents on Fridays. Soon
the group grew to 150 or more. The program is called “bicibúsor” bike bus.
The Eixample bike bus begins around 8:25 every Friday morning. The path it will follow is always posted
ahead of time, so everyone knows where to join.
The bicibus starts off with just a few students and parents, with more and more joining as it travels along.
Most kids ride their bikes, but others ride scooters or use skates. Instead of riding in bike lanes or on
sidewalks, the bicibús takes over the whole street. With music playing and bike bells ringing, the bicibús feels like
a party.
Being able to ride with a lot of children is a big part of the fun. Nine-year-old Maria Pitarch says, “The best
part of the bicibús is that we ride along and pick up my friends and we ride together.”
The Eixample bicibús goes to several schools. When students reach their school, they leave the bus and park
their bikes. Some parents have made the bicibús the way they get to work on Friday.
It was possible to bike to school in Eixample before, but it wasn’t really safe for children. One of the main
roads used by the Eixample bicibiús has about 20,000 cars and motorcycles every day. So the local police are
helping stop traffic by riding in front of the bicibús and behind it.
Some parents think the bicibús will help change ideas about how people can get around in the city. They want
the city to build wider kid-friendly bike lanes that are separate from car traffic. They point out that the bicibús also
helps cut down on pollution.29. What time does the bike bus begin every Friday morning?
________________
30. How do children feel about the bicibús?
________________
31. How do the local police help stop traffic?
________________
32. What are the advantages of the bicibús according to some parents?
________________
【答案】29. Around 8:25.
30. Like a party.
31. By riding in front of the bicibús and behind it.
32. It helps change ideas about how people can get around in the city and cut down on pollution.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一个新的项目“bicibus”——西班牙的星期五骑车去上学的
新方式，这种方式可以减少环境污染。
【29题详解】
根据第二段“The Eixample bike bus begins around 8:25 every Friday morning.”可知Eixample自行车骑行车
队在每周五早上8：25左右开始。故填Around 8:25.
【30题详解】
根据第四段“With music playing and bike bells ringing, the bicibús feels like a party.”可知随着音乐的播放和
自行车铃声的响起，bicibús感觉像是一个派对。故填Like a party.
【31题详解】
根据第七段“So the local police are helping stop traffic by riding in front of the bicibus and behind it”可知当地
警方通过骑在bicibús队伍前后来帮助阻止交通。故填By riding in front of the bicibús and behind it.
【32题详解】
根据最后一段“Some parents think the bicibus will help change ideas about how people can get around in the
city.”可知一些家长认为bicibus将有助于改变人们在城市中的出行方式的观念。根据“They point out that
the bicibus also helps cut down on pollution”可知他们还指出bicibus还有助于减少污染。故填It helps change
ideas about how people can get around in the city and cut down on pollution.
五、根据汉语意思和提示词语翻译句子。（每题2分, 共6分）
33. 课上尽可能多说英语是个好主意。（speak English）
_______________【答案】It’s a good idea to speak English as much as possible in class.
【解析】
【详解】固定句型It’s a good idea to do sth.“做某事是个好主意”；speak English“说英语”；as much as
possible“尽可能多地”；in class“在课上”。根据题干可知，此处叙述一个客观事实，需用一般现在时。故
填It’s a good idea to speak English as much as possible in class.
34. 没有什么比打网球更加令人愉快的了。(enjoyable)
________________________________
【答案】Nothing is more enjoyable than playing tennis.
【解析】
【详解】没有什么：nothing；比：than；打网球：play tennis；更加令人愉悦：more enjoyable。根据汉语可
知，时态为一般现在时；nothing作主语，be动词用is；than是介词，后接动名词。故填Nothing is more
enjoyable than playing tennis.
35. 为了保护野生大熊猫，政府正在建立自然公园。（the government）
_______________
【答案】To protect wild pandas, the government is setting up nature parks.
【解析】
【详解】the government“政府”；set up nature parks“建立自然公园”；根据“正在”可知，句子是现在进
行时结构；protect wild pandas“保护野生大熊猫”，动词不定式作目的状语，故填To protect wild pandas, the
government is setting up nature parks.
六、文段表达（10分）
36. 根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提
示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
“安全无小事”。无论是在上下学的途中，还是在校园里，或者是在其他场所，我们都应注意安全。
假如你是李华，你校英文报刊正在开展“安全大家谈”的征文活动，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈
生活中你发现了什么安全问题并提出相应的建议。
提示问题：
（1）What safety problem do you notice?
（2）What’s your advice on keeping safe?
提示词语：fast, dangerous, pay attention, traffic lights
I notice a safety
problem._____________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
【答案】例文：
I notice a safety problem. On the way to and from school, I notice that some students ride very fast and don’t
look at the traffic lights. It’s dangerous.We should pay attention to safety. Stopping at red light and going at green
light are not only traffic rules, but also rules related to life safety. I also notice that it is also dangerous to chase and
fight in the corridor on campus. If you hit a classmate, it will cause trouble. I also notice that some students make
friends online and even meet them, which is dangerous. We should communicate more with our classmates and
make friends. Safety is no small matter. Whether on the way to and from school, on campus or in other places, we
should pay attention to safety.
【解析】
【详解】1.题干解读：本文是一篇材料作文。要求以“安全大家谈”为主题，根据提示问题，写一篇英文
短文，谈谈生活中你发现了什么安全问题并提出相应的建议。
2.写作指导：本文 应以第一人称为主；时态采用一般现在时。按照提示问题的两个方面进行写作，内容要
写全，注意保证语言通顺，行文连贯；语法正确，无标点和大小写错误。
