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考点:非谓语动词
1、技法巧图解
2. 高考真题体验
1、(2022年全国高考乙卷)_________ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the
event included a number of public promotional activities on social media.___ ___ (invite) twenty-
nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live
broadcasts.【解析】第一空考查非谓语动词。句意:为了加强与年轻人的联系,活动包括在社交媒体
上的一系列公共宣传活动,邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断
的直播。根据句意可知,此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”,需要用不定式作目的状
语。故填To strengthen。
第二空考查非谓语动词。句意:为了加强与年轻人的联系,活动包括在社交媒体上的
一系列公共宣传活动,邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直
播。此处为非谓语动词,逻辑主语the event与invite之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作
状语。故填inviting。
2、(2022年全国高考乙卷)It can help to build a community with a ______ (share) future for
mankind,” he said.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:这有助于构建人类命运共同体。此处为非谓语动词做定
语来修饰名词future。非谓语动词share和名词future之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作
定语。故填shared。
3、(2022年全国高考甲卷)A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40
days to Xi’an, as a first step ______ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:近日,一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安,作为
“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知,journey为动词,表示“旅行”,
step前面有序数词,应用不定式,作后置定语。故填to journey。
4、(2022年全国高考甲卷)Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation
______ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the
ancient Silk Road.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启
发,曹决定徒步穿越这条路线,以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知,本句已有谓语动
词decided,所以hold应用非谓语动词形式,hold与cooperation之间为逻辑动宾关系,应
用过去分词,作后置定语,表被动。故填held。
5、(2022年全国高考甲卷)He flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20,
________ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:9月20日,他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什,计划在
五个月内徒步回到西安。分析句子可知,已有谓语动词flew,所以动词plan(计划)应用非
谓语动词形式,plan与主语He之间为逻辑主谓关系,应用现在分词,表主动。故填
planning。
6、(2022年全国新高考I卷)The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a
Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). ______ (cover)an area about three times the size of
Yellowstone National Park,
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍,将成为中国
首批国家公园之一。设空处在句中作非谓语,cover和句子的逻辑主语the GPNP为逻辑的主动关系,应用现在分词的形式作状语,首字母大写。故填Covering。
7、(2022年全国新高考I卷)bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas
under one authority ______ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,
将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。设
空处在句中作非谓语,做目的状语,应用动词的不定式的形式。故填to increase。
8、(2022年全国新高考II卷)Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When
he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one
hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ______ (fall)
child.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时,他跑
了100米,跳过了1.2米高的栅栏,伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的hold out为谓语
动词,设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意,fall为动词,意为“掉落”, child和fall
之间是主动关系,同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。
9、(2022年全国新高考II卷)Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing
outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ______ (see) them.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:过了一会儿,艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音,醒
了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上,爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词,设空处
应该使用谓语动词。根据句意,他要爬到阳台去看他们(外面玩闹的孩子们。),故应该
使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。
10、(2021年新高考八省联考)Mary's sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over
(plant)flowers in the front yard.
【解析】考查动词不定式。句意:玛丽的妹妹弗朗西丝·托德·华莱士经常来前院种花。分
析句子结构可知,设空处作状语;根据句意可知,此处是目的状语;目的状语用动词不定
式表示;提示词plant的不定式形式为to plant。故填to plant。
11、(2021年全国高考甲卷)It is possible (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
【解析】考查动词不定式。句意:在观察了城墙上所有的防御设备后,我们决定是时候采
取行动了,还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知,此处为句型“it +be+adj+to
do sth.”,it为形式主语,动词walk的不定式短语作真正主语。故填to walk。
12、(2021年全国高考甲卷)After (spend) some time looking at all the defensive
equipment at the wall,
【解析】考查动名词。句意:在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后,我们决
定是时候采取一些行动了,还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知,此处After为
介词,故spend应用其动名词形式作介词宾语。故填spending。
13、(2021年全国高考乙卷)·Minimize the impact of (visit)the place.【解析】考查动名词。句意:最大限度地减少拜访这个地方的影响。根据空格前介词of可
知,空格处应填动名词形式来作介词of的宾语。故填visiting。
14、(2021年全国高考乙卷)Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular
for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity activities there range from whale watching to
hiking(远足)and accommodations aim (have) a low impact on the natural environment.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环
境影响达到很小。固定短语aim to do译为“旨在,目的是”。故填to have。
15、(2021年浙江高考1)Tn 1985,urban men and women in more than three quarters of the
countries . (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:1985年,在被研究的国家中,超过四分之三的城市男性
和女性的BMIs高于农村地区的男性和女性。分析句子结构可知,句子的谓语是had,所以
study用非谓语形式,它的逻辑主语是countries,表被动关系,故填studied。
16、(2021年浙江高考1)This may be due to some disadvantages for people (live) in
the countryside,
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件,包括较
低的收入和教育水平,较高的健康食品成本,以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知,
句子已有谓语动词may be,故live用非谓语形式,它的逻辑主语是people,表主动关系,
做定语,用现在分词形式,故填living。
17、(2019·新课标I卷)Modem methods ___of__ tracking polar bear populations have been
employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ___64___ (perform) consistently over a
large area.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。主系表结构之后,常用不定式作原因或目的状语,句意:跟踪
北极熊的现代方法只是在二十世纪八十年代以来开始采用,并且在如此大区域内持续采用
是昂贵的,故此处用to perform。
18、(2019·新课标I卷)Scientists have responded by ___67___ (note) that hungry bears
may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements,…
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词by可知,此处用动名词主动形式,故填noting。
19、(2019·新课标II卷)A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year”for ___61___
(be)Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词for可知,此处用动名词形式作宾语,故填
being。
20、(2019·新课标II卷)Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award,proud Irene
___declared__(declare) she had no plans ___65___ (retire) from her 36-year-old business.
【解析】考查不定式作定语。此处用to do sth做后置定语,用来修饰前面的名词plan,表
示“……的计划”,故填to retire。
21、(2019·新课标II卷)When we got a call ___68___ (say)she was short-listed,we thoughtit was ___a__ joke.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知,此处用现在分词形式saying作
后置定语,解释名词call的内容,call与say是主动关系,故填saying。
22、(2019·新课标III卷)On our way to the house,it was raining ___so__ hard that we
couldn't help wondering how long it would take ___62___ (get)there.
【解析】考查非谓语。 句意:我们忍不住想知道还要多久才能到那里。该句中考查了固定
用法:It takes time to do sth.:花时间做某事,该句式中it作形式主语,time做宾语,使用
不定式作真正的主语。而句中只是在对宾语时间,用how long 对其进行提问,不影响不定
式的使用,故答案为to get。
23 、 ( 2019· 新 课 标 III 卷 ) On the last day of our week-long stay , we _were
invited__(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the
stars,___70___ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
【解析】考查现在分词。本句谓语动词为“were invited”,所以70题空格处动词listen应用
非谓语动词形式。听音乐这个动作是由we发出的,所以选用现在分词形式。也可由and前
后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题,and后meeting interesting locals为分词形式,故空格
处填listening。
24、(2019·浙江卷)When the children are walking or ___59___ (cycle) to school on dark
mornings,…
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑车上学时,汽车司机很
容易看到它们。or连接两个并列成分,根据or前的walking可知,此处要用cycling。故填
cycling。
25、(2019·浙江卷)But some students didn't want ___63___ (wear) the uniform.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:但是,有一些学生不想穿学生服。want to do sth想要做
某事,这里是动词不定式作to的宾语。故填to wear。
26、(2019·北京卷)Nervously ___2___ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to
_myself_(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:紧张地面对挑战,我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的
字“做你自己”。分析句式可知,此处是做句子的状语,要用非谓语动词,其逻辑主语是
I,与逻辑主语之间是主动关系,用现在分词作状语。故填facing。
27、(2019·北京卷)Earth Day,___4___(mark)on 22 April,is an annual event aiming to
raise public awareness about environmental protection.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:地球日于4月22日举行,是一项旨在提高公众环保意识
的年度活动。分析句式可知,设空处是要做名词Earth Day的后置定语,且与其之间是被动
关系,要用过去分词。故填marked。
28、(2018·新课标I卷)You don’t have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You
may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running.【解析】62.考查不定式作目的状语。你不必跑地太快或时间太长就能看到它的好处。此处
不定式作目的状语,故填to see。63.考查动名词。你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重,但仍然通过
跑步会减少早亡的风险。此处of是介词,其后用动名词。故填dying。
29、(2018·新课标II卷)Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to
grow corn instead of rice ___64___ (improve) water quality.
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了改善水质政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是大米。没有
连词可以且谓语动词是encourages,故improve应该用非谓语动词。此处表示目的,故用不
定式。故填to improve。
30、(2018·新课标III卷)I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid
____64____(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel____65____(challenge).
【解析】64.考查动词。动词avoid后要加doing。此处表示避免直接看他的眼睛。用
looking。
65.考查非谓语。根据语境可知,此处表示不直视他的眼睛,他就不会感到被挑战性。feel
为系动词,表示“被挑战”,用过去分词challenged。
31、(2018·浙江卷)I still remember 59 (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years
and I was shocked (shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
【解析】此处指我记得去拜访一个在这里住了五年的朋友,表示记得做过某事用remember
doing sth., 故填visiting。
3、应试指南
语法填空解题策略
1. 巧记三种非谓语动词作状语的基本区别
(1)若非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是主动关系, 且正在进行, 要想到用现在分词形式
(doing);
(2)若非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是被动关系, 且表完成, 要想到用过去分词形式(done);
(3)若非谓语动词表将来的动作, 作状语表示目的, 在喜怒哀乐的形容词后作原因或意料
之外的结果等, 要想到用不定式形式(to do)。
2. 掌握非谓语动词的句型公式
It’s+形容词+(for/of sb. +)to do sth. ;It’s no good/use/pleasure doing sth.
;find/think/believe/consider+it+ adj. +to do sth. 。
3. 牢记用动名词或不定式作宾语的动词
4. 巧辨谓语动词和非谓语动词
(1)一个句子无论是主句还是从句, 必须要有谓语, 一般空格所在的句子中无其他动词, 则填
谓语动词。谓语动词要考虑时态语态主谓一致等;(2)若句中找到了谓语动词, 而又找不到连词(并列连词或从句连词)时, 则所给动词一定用作
非谓语动词。非谓语动词需要确定是-ing 形式、过去分词形式还是不定式。
4、高考考点透析
重点一 非谓语动词作主语、表语和宾语★★★★★
1.非谓语动词中能作主语的有动名词和不定式
(1)、动名词作主语表示一般的、抽象的或习惯性的动作,不定式作主语表示具体的、一次
性的或尚未做的动作。
(2)、it作形式主语,代替真正作主语的动词不定式或动名词。常见句型有:It is/was no
use/good doing sth.; It is/was useless doing sth.; It's a waste of time doing sth.; It's+adj.+for/of
sb.+to do sth.等。
2.非谓语动词中能作表语的有现在分词、过去分词、动名词和不定式。
注意现在分词作表语,意为“令人感到……的”,而过去分词作表语,意为“本身感
到……的”。
3.非谓语动词中能作宾语的有动名词和不定式
(1)、只能跟不定式作宾语的动词和短语:beg, offer, wish, hope, decide, refuse, promise,
pretend, manage, want, plan, fail, choose, would like等。
(2)、只能跟动名词作宾语的动词和短语:suggest, imagine, mind, admit, practise, risk, keep,
keep on, avoid, escape, enjoy, consider, finish, miss, insist on, look forward to, feel like, get down
to, object to等。
重点二 非谓语动词作定语★★★★★
考点 1 不定式作定语
用法 好句
不定式to do作定语表示将来的动 The problem to be discussed at the meeting is very
作;不定式to be done作定语表将 important.
来、被动的动作。 会上将要讨论的问题非常重要。
不定式修饰序数词、最高级或no, He is always the first to arrive at the school and the
all, any等限定的中心词,且与中心 last to leave the school.
词为逻辑上的主动关系。 他总是第一个到校,最后一个离校。
被修饰词是抽象名词时,常用不定
The ability to express an idea is as important as the
式作定语。该类名词有:ability,
idea itself.
chance, idea, hope, wish, fact,
表达观点的能力与观点本身同等重要。
promise, attempt, way等。
考点 2 分词作定语1.及物动词分词形式作定语
形式 用法 好句
被修饰的名词与非谓语动词
I have never seen a more moving movie.
v.ing 为逻辑上的主动关系,v.ing
我从未看过更动人的电影了。
形式表示被修饰词的特征。
被修饰的名词与非谓语动词
The houses being built are for the teachers.
being done 为被动关系且表示动作正在
正在建的那些房子是为老师们建的。
进行。
“Things lost never come again!” I couldn't
被修饰的名词与非谓语动词
help talking to myself.
done 为被动关系,表示动作已经
我不禁自言自语道:“失去的东西不会再
完成或表状态。
来!”
2.不及物动词分词形式作定语
形式 用法 示例
表示动作
v.ing
正在进行
过去 表示动作
分词 已经完成
重点三 非谓语动词作状语★★★★★
考点 1 不定式作状语
用法 好句
作目的状语,有时不定式前可加
The bus stopped so as to pick up passengers.
in order 或so as,但so as to 不能
公共汽车停下来搭载乘客。
用于句首。
We hurried to the station, only to be told that the train
作结果状语,常用于:only to do,
had left.
enough to do, too ... to do, so/such ...
我们急匆匆地赶到车站,结果被告知火车已经开走
to do。
了。作原因状语,表示喜、怒、哀、
You will never know how happy I was to see her
乐等情绪的形容词,如anxious,
yesterday.
happy, frightened, surprised 等,后
你永远不会知道我昨天见到她有多高兴。
接不定式作状语,表原因。
在“主语+系动词+形容词+to
do”结构中,不定式的主动形式表
The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very
被动意义。该结构中常用的形容
comfortable to sit on.
词有: easy, hard, important,
这把椅子看上去很硬,但实际上坐上去很舒服。
impossible, interesting, pleasant
等。
考点 2 分词作状语
分词作状语时,其逻辑主语是句子的主语,一般在句中作时间、原因、结果、方式、
条件、伴随、让步等状语。
用法 好句
More highways have been built in China, making it much
动词ing形式作状语,与句子主 easier for people to travel from one place to another.
语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系。 中国已经修建了更多的公路,这让人们的出行变得更容
易。(作结果状语)
过去分词作状语,分词与句子主 Used with care, one tin will last for six weeks.
语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。 如果小心使用,一罐可以用六个星期。(作条件状语)
[提示]
1、某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化,这些过去分词既不表示被动,也不表示完成,而表
示一种状态,如lost (迷路的), seated (坐着的), hidden (隐瞒的), lost/absorbed in (沉溺于),
dressed in (穿着……的), tired of (对……感到厌倦的)等。
Absorbed in the book, he didn't notice me enter the room.
完全被这本书所吸引,他没有注意到我进入房间。
2、独立成分作状语,其形式不受上下文的影响。常用的有considering ... (鉴于;考虑到),
generally speaking(总的来说), judging by/from ... (从……来看;依据……来判断), supposing
that ... (假定……), providing that ... (假定……), owing to ... (由于……), talking/speaking of ...
(谈及……), given ... (考虑到……), provided that ... (如果……), to tell the truth (实话实说), to
be honest (老实说)等。
重点四 非谓语动词作补语★★★★★
考点 1 不定式作补语
用法 好句有些动词或动词短语后接不定式作宾补,即“动词
Father advised me to say something.
(短语)+宾语+to do”,如advise, want, allow, permit,
父亲建议我说点什么。
persuade, remind, invite, depend on, call on等。
常用不定式作主语补足语的句型有:sb./sth. be
He is said to have been cheated in the
said/believed/known/reported/considered/thought +to
street.
do/to have done/to be done/to be doing/to have been
据说他在大街上被骗了。
done。
考点 2 分词作补语
现在分词作宾补时,句中的宾语与宾补之间是逻辑上的主谓关系;过去分词作宾补时,
表被动和完成,宾补与宾语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。
They use computers to keep the traffic running smoothly.
他们用电脑保持交通畅通。(the traffic 与run是逻辑上的主谓关系)
1、感官动词和短语(see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, feel)后面的宾语补足语
常见的有三种非谓语动词形式(do/doing/done)。do 表主动和完成(被动句中to还原), doing
表主动或正在进行, done 表被动或完成。
As I got closer, I saw him kicking his legs in the air and breathing heavily.
当我走近时,我看见他的腿在空中乱踢,呼吸沉重。
2.表“使,让”的动词make/have/get/keep/leave+宾语+补语
宾补
to do -ing done
动词+宾语
make+宾语 do × √
keep+宾语 × √ √
do/to do(区别:have sb. do
sth.意为“让某人做某 √(表示主体使客
√(表示让别人做某
have+宾语 事”;have sth. to do意为 体处于某种状态
事或让某事被做)
“有某事要做”,to do作后 或一直做某事)
置定语)
get+宾语 √ √ √
leave+宾语 √ √ √
Claire had her luggage checked an hour before her plane left.
在飞机起飞前一个小时,克莱尔把行李进行了安检。3.with/without的复合结构:with+n.+doing (主动、进行)/done(被动、完成)/to do(目的、
将来)。
Without anyone noticing, I stole into the room.
没有人注意到,我偷偷溜进了房间。
重点五 常考固定句式中的非谓语形式★★★★★
考点 1 不定式用于固定句式中
用法 好句
主语+系动词+形容词+to do,这类形
容词有easy, cheap, comfortable,
In my view, the book is very hard to understand.
impossible等表示主语的特性或性质,
依我看,这本书很难理解。
不定式和句子主语是逻辑上的动宾关
系。
It is/was +adj.+for sb. to do sth.结构, It is difficult for us to finish writing the
作表语的形容词表示事物的性质,如 composition in an hour.
difficult, important, necessary等。 我们难以在一小时内完成这篇作文。
It is/was +adj.+of sb. to do sth.结构,
It was generous of him to offer to pay for us.
作表语的形容词表示人物的特征,如
他主动为我们付钱真是大方。
honest, foolish, nice等。
主语+be likely to do sth. “……可能做某 Tickets are likely to be expensive.
事”。 入场券可能很贵。
It takes (sb.) some time to do sth. (某人)花 It takes about half an hour to get to the airport.
时间做某事。 到机场大概半小时。
疑问词(who, what, where, when, how等) He didn't know how to work out the question, so
+to do 结构,该结构在句中可充当主 he asked the teacher for help.
语、宾语、表语等。 他不知道如何算这个题,他向老师求助。
考点 2 动词的ing形式用于固定句式中用法 好句
It's no good/no use/no fun/no pleasure doing sth. It is no use complaining without taking action.
做某事没好处/没用处/没意思/不高兴 不采取行动而只是抱怨是没有用的。
It is worthwhile making an appointment
It's useless/worthwhile doing sth. 做某事没
before you go.
用/值得
去之前预约一下是值得的。
It is a waste of time talking with such a
It's a waste of time/money doing sth.做某事浪
stubborn man.
费时间/钱
和如此固执的人交谈浪费时间。
spend/waste time/money doing sth.花时间/钱做 I spent too much time watching television.
某事 我看电视花的时间太多了。
I have no difficulty making myself
have difficulty/trouble/fun/a ... time (in) doing
understood.
sth. 做某事有困难/费力/很好玩
我毫不费力地表达了自己的意思。
三维考场·全面提能
维度1 提分训练
微语法填空(用括号内动词的正确形式填空,注意不规则动词的正确形式)
1.Poetry is a beautiful art form. Its power lies in the ability ①________ (transform)
ordinary experiences by capturing a moment or emotion. ②________ (write) poetry is a privilege
and struggle. That is partly because we need to create ourselves in a new way of ③________
(observe) the world, capturing microscopic moments as materials for our work. Most of our time
at the desk is spent ④________ (struggle) with our imagination, and we know that a successful
poem arrives on the back of failure. There are moments when an idea will not translate onto paper.
Yet, failure is good, because every ⑤________ (abandon) line we painstakingly remove prepares
us for the ripe poem around the corner.
【语篇解读】
文章主要说明了诗歌是一种美丽的艺术形式。它的力量在于通过捕捉一个瞬间或情感
来改变普通经历的能力。【详情解析】
①to transform ability, chance, wish等名词常用不定式作后置定语,故填to transform。
②Writing 分析句子结构可知,write在句中应用非谓语动词形式,且本句缺少主语,应用
动名词短语作主语,位于句首单词首字母要大写。故填Writing。
③observing 设空前是介词of,故该空填动词的ing形式作宾语, a way of doing sth. “做某
事的方法”。
④struggling spent的宾语是Most of our time,故此处是spend time (in) doing sth.结构,此
处应填动词的ing形式作介词in的宾语,填struggling。
⑤abandoned 分析句子结构可知,abandon在句中应用非谓语动词形式,且与line是逻辑
上的动宾关系,应用过去分词作定语,表“废弃的”,故填abandoned。
2.Nearly two decades have passed since China sent the first Beidou satellite into space in
2000. During that time, more Beidou satellites were sent into orbit (轨道), ①________ (form) the
Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS). In late 2012, it began ②________ (provide)
positioning, navigation, timing and messaging services to people in China and other parts of the
AsiaPacific region. At the end of 2018, BDS started to serve users worldwide. Now with two more
Beidou satellites ③________ (launch) on Dec. 16, 2019, BDS has 53 satellites in orbit.
【语篇解读】
短文介绍了北斗导航卫星系统的发展。
【详情解析】
①forming 句意:在此期间,多颗北斗卫星被送入轨道,形成了北斗导航卫星系统。“多
颗北斗卫星被送入轨道”的结果是形成了北斗导航卫星系统,此处表自然而然的结果,应
用现在分词作状语,故填forming。
②to provide/providing 根据begin的用法begin to do/doing可知,其后接动词的不定式或ing
形式作宾语,故填to provide/providing。
③launched 此处是“with+宾语+宾补”结构,launch与two more Beidou satellites是逻辑
上的动宾关系,应用过去分词作宾补,填launched。
维度2 易错专练
用括号内动词的正确形式填空,注意不规则动词的正确形式
1.At 9 feet tall and ①________ (weigh) about 250 pounds, the ostrich (鸵鸟) is the world's
largest bird. As the myth goes, a ②________ (frighten) ostrich will be caught ③________ (bury)
its head in the sand to make itself invisible to its hunters.
【详情解析】
①weighing weigh在本句中意为“重量为……”, 是不及物动词,无被动语态。the
ostrich与weigh 是逻辑上的主谓关系,应用现在分词作定语,故填weighing。
②frightened 空处在句中作定语,修饰名词ostrich,表“感到害怕的”, 应用
frightened。③burying 此处是“catch +宾语+宾补”结构,ostrich与bury是逻辑上的主谓关系,且
表正发生的动作, 应用现在分词作宾补,故填burying。
2.With our graduation day ①________ (draw) near, I was busy preparing presents for my
friends. As usual, I walked into the classroom, only ②________ (find) a big box standing there.
Approaching, I found my name ③________ (write) on it. I was quite ④________ (shock) when
the box opened and I saw “myself”, a vivid statue, ⑤________ (sit) inside smiling up at me. I
was at a complete loss for words. It was the most unique, unconventional present in my life.
【语篇解读】
作者在毕业季收到的礼物是一个真人版大小的“自己”。
【详情解析】
①drawing 此处是“with+宾语+宾补”结构,our graduation day与draw是逻辑上的主谓
关系,应用现在分词作宾补,填drawing。
②to find 此处表出乎意料的结果,应用only to do 形式,故填to find。
③written/was written 分析句子结构可知,设空可在句中作宾补或把“my name ③____
(write) on it”看作是宾语从句。如看作是宾补,是“find+宾语+宾补”结构,write与my
name是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词作宾补,填written。如看作是宾语从句,主句是
一般过去时,则从句是一般过去时,且my name 与write是被动关系,应用一般过去时的
被动语态,故填was written。 write( 写 )—wrote—written—writing 。
④shocked 设空在句中作表语,表“震惊的”, 应用shocked。
⑤sitting 此处是“see+宾语+宾补”结构,myself与sit是逻辑上的主谓关系,应用现在
分词作宾补,故填sitting。 sit( 坐 )—sat—sat—sitting 。
维度3 语篇训练
语法填空
(上海市杨浦区2022--2023学年度高三阶段性质量检测)
Fancy a Snack? Have Some Potato Chips
There are a couple of tales about the origins of potato chips. The first is credited to George
Crum, ____1____ in 1853 was cooking in a restaurant, Moon’s Lake House. A customer
requested Crum’s famous fried potatoes. However, when the dish ____2____ (serve), the
customer found the potatoes too thick for his liking. Crum sliced them thinner, but still they
weren’t thin enough for the guest. The dish was sent back and forth several times. ____3____
(anger), Crum eventually cut the potatoes paper-thin, deep-fried them, and spread a lot of salt on
them. His idea was ____4____ (make) the potatoes uneatable, but instead he invented a tasty
treat completely by accident.
However, there is a recipe that came out before Crum’s invention. An 1822 cookbook The
Cook’s Secrets ____5____ William Kitchiner, outlines how to make “Potatoes Fried in Slices”. It
calls for cutting potatoes into thin slices and frying them in oil. There are two other similar recipes
from 1824 and 1832, ____6____ of which mention Kitchiner.Then there is the great fried vs baked debate. Fried potato chips contain a lot more oil and
fat. Baked chips, however, are cooked in an oven or air fryer rather than being fried in oil. So,
they’re considered the ____7____ (healthy) option. Today, a lot of health-conscious chip
manufacturers love to say their chips are baked, not fried, to appeal to people who are concerned
about ____8____healthy their food is.
Speaking of health-conscious people, they probably want to stay away from “Royce” chips,
which are chips ____9____ (dip) in chocolate. The mix of salty and sweet is to die for, but far
from healthy. ____10____ kind of flavor you prefer, there’s definitely a chip somewhere out
there that has your name on it.
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了薯片的来历以及后来的发展。
【详情解析】
1.考查定语从句。句意:第一个要归功于George Crum,1853年,他在一家名为“月亮湖
屋”的餐厅里做饭。分析句子,设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句,引导词在从句中作主
语,指代前文的George Crum,指代人。故填who。
2.考查动词。句意:然而,当菜端上来的时候,顾客发现土豆太厚了,他不喜欢。分析句
子,设空处使用动词作谓语,此处描述过去事实,故使用一般过去时。同时the dish与
serve之间是被动关系,意为“菜被端上来”,故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was
served。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意:被激怒,George Crum最终把土豆切得像纸一样薄,油炸,并
在上面撒了很多盐。分析句子,句中cut为谓语动词,设空处使用非谓语动词。anger为动
词,意为“使某人激怒”,此处表示George Crum是被激怒的,故使用过去分词作状语,
即angered。同时设空处置于句首,首字母要大写。故填Angered。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意:他的想法是让土豆不能吃,但他完全是偶然地发明了一种美味
的食物。句中be to do为固定短语,意为“去做某事”,不定式结构作表语。故填to
make。
5.考查介词。句意:William Kitchiner在1822年出版的烹饪书《厨师的秘密》中概述了如
何制作“炸土豆片”。分析句子,设空处使用介词与后文的William Kitchiner构成介词短
语。表示“被,由”的介词用by。故填by。
6.考查代词。句意:1824年和1832年还有两份类似的食谱,都提到了Kitchiner。句中指
代的前文的two other similar recipes,指代两者都,故用代词both。故填both。
7.考查形容词。句意:因此,它们被认为是更健康的选择。分析句子,设空处使用形容词
作定语,修饰option。此处表示“更加健康的”故用形容词的比较级。故填healthier。
8.考查宾语从句。句意:如今,许多注重健康的薯片制造商喜欢说他们的薯片是烘焙的,
而不是油炸的,以吸引那些关心他们的食物多么健康的人。分析句子,设空处置于介词
about之后,应该使用宾语从句。根据句意,此处表示“多么”用how。故选how。9.考查非谓语动词。句意:说到注重健康的人,他们可能想远离“罗伊斯”薯片,这是蘸
了巧克力的薯片。分析句子,设空处应该使用非谓语动词,此处chips与dip之间是被动关
系。故使用过去分词作后置定语。故填dipped。
10.考查状语从句。句意:不管你喜欢哪种口味的薯条,肯定会在某个地方有你的名字。
分析句子,设空处引导的是让步状语从句,表示“无论什么”用no matter what。同时该空
置于句首,首字母要大写。故填No matter what。