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2021年上海秋季高考英语真题(解析卷)_0122026上海中考一模二模真题试卷_2026年上海一模_上海1500初中高中试卷_高中_高考真题_3.上海高考英语2023-2014_上海高考(秋考)真题

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2021年上海秋季高考英语真题(解析卷)_0122026上海中考一模二模真题试卷_2026年上海一模_上海1500初中高中试卷_高中_高考真题_3.上海高考英语2023-2014_上海高考(秋考)真题
2021年上海秋季高考英语真题(解析卷)_0122026上海中考一模二模真题试卷_2026年上海一模_上海1500初中高中试卷_高中_高考真题_3.上海高考英语2023-2014_上海高考(秋考)真题
2021年上海秋季高考英语真题(解析卷)_0122026上海中考一模二模真题试卷_2026年上海一模_上海1500初中高中试卷_高中_高考真题_3.上海高考英语2023-2014_上海高考(秋考)真题
2021年上海秋季高考英语真题(解析卷)_0122026上海中考一模二模真题试卷_2026年上海一模_上海1500初中高中试卷_高中_高考真题_3.上海高考英语2023-2014_上海高考(秋考)真题
2021年上海秋季高考英语真题(解析卷)_0122026上海中考一模二模真题试卷_2026年上海一模_上海1500初中高中试卷_高中_高考真题_3.上海高考英语2023-2014_上海高考(秋考)真题
2021年上海秋季高考英语真题(解析卷)_0122026上海中考一模二模真题试卷_2026年上海一模_上海1500初中高中试卷_高中_高考真题_3.上海高考英语2023-2014_上海高考(秋考)真题
2021年上海秋季高考英语真题(解析卷)_0122026上海中考一模二模真题试卷_2026年上海一模_上海1500初中高中试卷_高中_高考真题_3.上海高考英语2023-2014_上海高考(秋考)真题
2021年上海秋季高考英语真题(解析卷)_0122026上海中考一模二模真题试卷_2026年上海一模_上海1500初中高中试卷_高中_高考真题_3.上海高考英语2023-2014_上海高考(秋考)真题
2021年上海秋季高考英语真题(解析卷)_0122026上海中考一模二模真题试卷_2026年上海一模_上海1500初中高中试卷_高中_高考真题_3.上海高考英语2023-2014_上海高考(秋考)真题
2021年上海秋季高考英语真题(解析卷)_0122026上海中考一模二模真题试卷_2026年上海一模_上海1500初中高中试卷_高中_高考真题_3.上海高考英语2023-2014_上海高考(秋考)真题
2021年上海秋季高考英语真题(解析卷)_0122026上海中考一模二模真题试卷_2026年上海一模_上海1500初中高中试卷_高中_高考真题_3.上海高考英语2023-2014_上海高考(秋考)真题
2021年上海秋季高考英语真题(解析卷)_0122026上海中考一模二模真题试卷_2026年上海一模_上海1500初中高中试卷_高中_高考真题_3.上海高考英语2023-2014_上海高考(秋考)真题
2021年上海秋季高考英语真题(解析卷)_0122026上海中考一模二模真题试卷_2026年上海一模_上海1500初中高中试卷_高中_高考真题_3.上海高考英语2023-2014_上海高考(秋考)真题
2021年上海秋季高考英语真题(解析卷)_0122026上海中考一模二模真题试卷_2026年上海一模_上海1500初中高中试卷_高中_高考真题_3.上海高考英语2023-2014_上海高考(秋考)真题
2021年上海秋季高考英语真题(解析卷)_0122026上海中考一模二模真题试卷_2026年上海一模_上海1500初中高中试卷_高中_高考真题_3.上海高考英语2023-2014_上海高考(秋考)真题
2021年上海秋季高考英语真题(解析卷)_0122026上海中考一模二模真题试卷_2026年上海一模_上海1500初中高中试卷_高中_高考真题_3.上海高考英语2023-2014_上海高考(秋考)真题
2021年上海秋季高考英语真题(解析卷)_0122026上海中考一模二模真题试卷_2026年上海一模_上海1500初中高中试卷_高中_高考真题_3.上海高考英语2023-2014_上海高考(秋考)真题
2021年上海秋季高考英语真题(解析卷)_0122026上海中考一模二模真题试卷_2026年上海一模_上海1500初中高中试卷_高中_高考真题_3.上海高考英语2023-2014_上海高考(秋考)真题
2021年上海秋季高考英语真题(解析卷)_0122026上海中考一模二模真题试卷_2026年上海一模_上海1500初中高中试卷_高中_高考真题_3.上海高考英语2023-2014_上海高考(秋考)真题
2021年上海秋季高考英语真题(解析卷)_0122026上海中考一模二模真题试卷_2026年上海一模_上海1500初中高中试卷_高中_高考真题_3.上海高考英语2023-2014_上海高考(秋考)真题
2021年上海秋季高考英语真题(解析卷)_0122026上海中考一模二模真题试卷_2026年上海一模_上海1500初中高中试卷_高中_高考真题_3.上海高考英语2023-2014_上海高考(秋考)真题
2021年上海秋季高考英语真题(解析卷)_0122026上海中考一模二模真题试卷_2026年上海一模_上海1500初中高中试卷_高中_高考真题_3.上海高考英语2023-2014_上海高考(秋考)真题
2021年上海秋季高考英语真题(解析卷)_0122026上海中考一模二模真题试卷_2026年上海一模_上海1500初中高中试卷_高中_高考真题_3.上海高考英语2023-2014_上海高考(秋考)真题
2021年上海秋季高考英语真题(解析卷)_0122026上海中考一模二模真题试卷_2026年上海一模_上海1500初中高中试卷_高中_高考真题_3.上海高考英语2023-2014_上海高考(秋考)真题
2021年上海秋季高考英语真题(解析卷)_0122026上海中考一模二模真题试卷_2026年上海一模_上海1500初中高中试卷_高中_高考真题_3.上海高考英语2023-2014_上海高考(秋考)真题
2021年上海秋季高考英语真题(解析卷)_0122026上海中考一模二模真题试卷_2026年上海一模_上海1500初中高中试卷_高中_高考真题_3.上海高考英语2023-2014_上海高考(秋考)真题
2021年上海秋季高考英语真题(解析卷)_0122026上海中考一模二模真题试卷_2026年上海一模_上海1500初中高中试卷_高中_高考真题_3.上海高考英语2023-2014_上海高考(秋考)真题
2021年上海秋季高考英语真题(解析卷)_0122026上海中考一模二模真题试卷_2026年上海一模_上海1500初中高中试卷_高中_高考真题_3.上海高考英语2023-2014_上海高考(秋考)真题
2021年上海秋季高考英语真题(解析卷)_0122026上海中考一模二模真题试卷_2026年上海一模_上海1500初中高中试卷_高中_高考真题_3.上海高考英语2023-2014_上海高考(秋考)真题

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上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】 帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师, 对接 V:jiajiao6767 (嘉惠老师) 2021 年上海市高考英语试卷 参考答案与试题解析 I.Listening Comprehension 01-10.DBADCDBCBA 11-20.CBABABBADA GrammarandVocabularySectionA TheSpreadofDisease Traveling from one city to another can lead to the spread of disease.When people arrive in a newplace,theymaybringinbacteriathat (21) wasnot (notbe) presentinthepast.The peoplethere havenonaturalprotection (22) against thesenewbacteria,so theycatchthe diseasemoreeasily.(23) Because itisunfamiliar,healthworkersmaynotidentifyitorstop it from spreading.People with the disease may continue to have contactwith others.In this way, the bacteria travel from person to person through the population.This was (24) what happened,forexample,whensoldierstravelledbackhomeattheendoftheFirstWorldWar.These soldiersbroughtwiththemtheSpanishflu,and (25) it costmillionsoflives. Heating and cooling systems in buildings can also be a source of disease.Take old air conditioners in windows as an example.They tend to collect dirt and water,which makes it easy forbacteria(26) togrow (grow).Thenwhentheairconditioner(27) isturned (turn) on,thebacteriawillbeblownintothehomeorofficeandmakepeoplesick.Bacteriagrowfastin the water of the cooling towers.They are then sent throughout the building with the air conditioning and can affect anyone in the building.Scientists first recognized this problem in July 1976,by (28) that time221peoplehadbecomeseriouslyill. Pollutionoftheoceanscanalsobeafactorinspreadingdisease.Thepollutionmaybecaused byfertilizersthatwashintoriversandthenintotheocean,orbyhumanwaste (29) dumped (dump)directlyintotheoceanwithnoprocessing.Thesepollutantsresultintheincreasedgrowth oftiny plants that are called algae.They can form a thick mass in the water,(30) providing (provide)aperfectenvironmentforcholera,afataldisease. 【答案】(21)wasnot(22)against(23)Because(24)what(25)it(26)togrow(27) isturned(28)that(29)dumped(30)providing上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】 帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师, 对接 V:jiajiao6767 (嘉惠老师) 【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了疾病是如何传播的。 【解答】(21)考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:当人们到达一个新的地方时,他们可 能会带来过去不存在的细菌。根据inthepast可知时态为一般过去时,主语是bacteria, be动词用was。故填wasnot。 (22)考查介词。句意:那里的人对这些新细菌没有天然的抵抗力,所以他们更容易感 染这种疾病。protectionagainst为固定搭配,意为"防御"。故填against。 (23)考查连词。句意:由于不熟悉,卫生工作者可能无法识别它或阻止它的传播。根 据句意可知此处表示原因,单词首字母大写。故填Because。 (24)考查表语从句。例如,当士兵们在第一次世界大战结束后回家时,就会发生这种 情况。根据句意可知空处引导表语从句,表示发生的事情,用what引导。故填what。 (25)考查代词。句意:这些士兵带来了西班牙流感,夺走了数百万人的生命。根据句 意可知空处指代上文的theSpanishflu,用it指代。故填it。 (26)考查不定式。句意:他们倾向于收集灰尘和水,这使得细菌很容易生长。分析句 子结构可知此处使用it作形式主语,空处使用不定式作真正的主语。故填togrow。 (27)考查时态及语态。句意:然后,当空调打开时,细菌就会被吹进家里或办公室, 使人生病。根据句意可知时态为一般现在时,主语theairconditioner和turn之间是被动 关系,使用被动语态,主语是单数,be动词用is。故填isturned。 (28)考查固定搭配。句意:科学家们在1976年7月首次发现了这个问题,当时已经有 221人患了重病。bythattime为固定搭配,意为"到那时"。故填that。 (29)考查过去分词。句意:污染可能是由流入河流然后流入海洋的肥料造成的,或者 是由未经处理的人类排泄物直接倾倒到海洋中造成的。分析句子结构可知空处使用非谓 语,dump和humanwaste之间是被动关系,使用过去分词形式作状语。故填dumped。 (30)考查现在分词。句意:它们可以在水中形成厚厚的一团,为致命疾病霍乱提供了 完美的环境。分析句子结构可知空处使用非谓语,provide和主语They之间是主动关系, 使用现在分词形式作状语。故填providing。 【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用,做题时要首先明确短文大意,从词语 搭配,固定句型,语法,时态等方面综合考虑,结合上下文语境找出正确答案。 SectionB A.allow B.bothering C.gap D.inaccessible E.inefficient F.jumped上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】 帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师, 对接 V:jiajiao6767 (嘉惠老师) G.personalized H.place I.purchase J.skipping K.strategies Groceryshoppinginpersonoronline:Whichisbetter? Karen Spade knows how to collect coupons(优惠券) and price match.She runs her own savingswebsitetoteachotherstoshopandsaveasshedoes. Yet when a nearby grocery store started offering online shopping about month ago,Spade (31) F atthechanceto try it.Shedidn'teven caretherewas adelivery fee andthe store did not(32) A papercouponsorpricematchingforonlineorders.Whywouldapowershopperbe willingtogiveupsomeofherfavoritesavings (33) K toshoponline? "Forshoppers(34) D tocollectcouponsandpricematch,shoppingin﹣storewillbring bigger savings,"Spade explained."But many people are never going to do that and,for them onlineshoppingisanotherwaytosave,becauseyoucankeepaneyeonyourrunningtotalasyou shoptosticktoyourbudget." So Spade took the plunge and managed to (35) H her first order."I went to the store afterwards to test out what the price (36) C would have been,she said,"and I found everythingorderedwasthesamepriceatthestore." So if this is the case,then it's all about whether you can make back the delivery fee.Stores chargebetween ﹩7.95and ﹩12.95todeliveryourgroceries,dependingonthesizeofyour(37) I . Youoffset (抵消) littleofthatmoneyrightawaybecauseyoudonothavetopayforgas, but the biggest benefit is the time saved by (38) J the trip.Shopping online saves time in anotherway.Evenonyourveryfirstonlineshoppingtrip,ifyouenteryourloyaltycardnumber, alltheproductsyou'veboughtbeforeatthestoreshouldpopupasa(n)(39) G shopping list.Justclicktheonesyou'dlike tobuyagainandyou'redone.No (40) B wanderinginthe store. 【答案】(31)﹣(35)FAKDH(36)﹣(40)CIJGB 【分析】这是一篇说明文,文章通过消费者Spade的经历讲述了网购的好处。 【解答】(31)考查动词时态。句意:然而,大约一个月前,当附近的一家杂货店开始 提供网上购物时,Spade抓住了这个尝试的机会。分析可知,主句中缺少谓语,且表示" 抓住机会",短语jumpatthechance符合题意,结合从句时态可知,句子是在叙述过去的上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】 帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师, 对接 V:jiajiao6767 (嘉惠老师) 事情,应用一般过去时,故填jumped。故选F。 (32)考查动词原形。句意:她甚至不在乎有送货费,也不在乎商店不允许使用纸质优 惠券或在线订单的价格匹配。助动词didnot后应用动词原形,结合句意可知,此处表示 "允许",应用动词allow。故选A。 (33)考查可数名词复数。句意:为什么一个超级购物者会愿意放弃她最喜欢的一些节 省策略去网上购物呢?分析可知,此处应用名词作介词of的宾语,结合句意可知,名词 strategy"策略"符合题意,结合语境可知,此处应用其复数形式,故填strategies。故选K。 (34)考查形容词。句意:Spade解释道:"对于无法领取优惠券和价格匹配的购物者来 说,在商店购物将带来更大的节省。"根据句意及后文to可知,形容词inaccessible"不可 得到的"符合题意。故选D。 (35)考查动词原形。句意:于是Spade冒险成功下了第一个订单。根据空前不定式符 号to可知,此处应用动词原形,结合句意可知,此处表示"下单",应用动词place。故选 H。 (36)考查可数名词单数。句意:她说:"之后我去了商店,测试了一下价格差距,我发 现订购的所有东西的价格都和商店里的价格一样。"结合句意表示"价格差距",应用短语 pricegap,故填gap。故选C。 (37)考查可数名词单数。句意:根据您购买的物品的大小,商店的运送费在7.95美元 和12.95美元之间。分析可知,形容词性物主代词your后应用名词作介词of的宾语,结 合句意表示"购买的物品",应用名词purchase,结合语境可知,此处特指您购买的物品, 应用其单数形式,故填purchase。故选I。 (38)考查动名词。句意:你可以立即抵消一点钱,因为你不必支付汽油费,但最大的 好处是不跑这一趟节省的时间。分析可知,此处应用动名词作介词by的宾语,结合句意 表示"不做",应用动词skip,故填skipping。故选J。 (39)考查形容词。句意:即使是在你的第一次网上购物之旅中,如果你输入了你的积 分卡,你以前在商店购买的所有产品都会出现成为一个个性化的购物清单。分析可知, 此处应用形容词作定语,修饰后文名词短语 shopping list,结合句意可知,形容词 personalized"个性化的"符合题意。故选G。 (40)考查动名词。句意:不要费力在店里闲逛了。根据句意可知,此处表示"不必费心 ",应用nobothering,故填bothering。故选B。上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】 帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师, 对接 V:jiajiao6767 (嘉惠老师) 【点评】如何做选词填空 1.根据语法,判断词性 一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性,从而正确的选词, 进一步缩小词的选择范围。 2.利用语境,确定词形 当确定了一个单词的词性后,可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式,如动词的人称数,时态, 语态,固定短语;名词的数和所有格,形容词,副词的比较级等。 ReadingComprehensionSectionA Peoplebelievethathavingpetsisoverallagoodthingforchildren.Butdoesthisbeliefhold upto (41) B ?Thenewfieldofhuman﹣animalinteractionaimstofindout. Ten years ago,when psychologist Joan Smith reviewed the literature on child﹣animal relationships,she reported that interacting with animals led young children to better understand biologythanpet﹣lesschildren.Kindergartenerswhohadcaredforgoldfishweremore(42) C whenrespondingtoquestionslike"doesagoldfishhaveaheart?"Theyalsomoreeasily(43) A biological information from one species to another,inferring that baby frogs get bigger just like goldfish do.She also reports that those kids who turned to their pets for emotional support were less(44) D thanthesewhodidn't. Thepasttenyears have seensome advances,butliteratureonthetopicis stillrather(45) A .A recent paper by researcher Meg Brown at Lakeside University (46) B some importantinformationtothediscussion. Sheturnedtoadatasetthatincludesinformationfrom7,000kids,rangingin(47) B from thirteentonineteenyears.Forthestudy,bothpetowningandothertypeso(f 48) D activities, likehorsebackriding,wereconsideredashuman﹣animalinteractionexperience. She found that adolescents with animal experience were more likely to see themselves as important(49) C totheircommunities,suchasdoingcommunityservice.Shealsofoundthat the higher the level of(50) C between a teenager and animals,the higher they scored on measurements of emotional connectedness in general.While causality(因果关系) cannot be determined,Brown says thatitis atleast (51) A thatchildren andadolescents canlearn about healthy social relationships from their experiences of interacting with animals."If a上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】 帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师, 对接 V:jiajiao6767 (嘉惠老师) connection exists between the skills required for these relationships,then it might be useful to makeuseofanimalrelationshipsasawayto(52) D thedevelopmentofsocialskills,"she says. Brown is aware ofthe limitations of herstudy.It can't reachanyconclusionsaboutthe causal roleofanimalsinkids'lives,andit'slimitedto(53) A nationwide.Besides,thestudywas not designed to (54) B any potential negative effects of human﹣animal interaction experiences.Someother studies,forexample,have shownthatpetownershave higher levelsof psychological(55) D ,likedepression,thannon﹣petowners. (41)A.commonsense B.scientific C.universalassumptions D.naturaltendencies evidence (42)A.enthusiastic B.curious C.accurate D.serious (43)A.transferred B.collected C.judged D.spread (44)A.cautious B.vigorous C.ambitious D.anxious (45)A.limited B.reliable C.varied D.fascinating (46)A.owes B.adds C.restricts D.adapts (47)A.status B.age C.height D.performance (48)A.animal﹣watching B.animal﹣led C.animal﹣friendly D.animal﹣related (49)A.donators B.delegates C.contributors D.witnesses (50)A.difference B.isolation C.attachment D.disapproval (51)A.possible B.questionable C.misleading D.uncertain (52)A.block B.stress C.involve D.promote (53)A.teenagers B.researchers C.pet﹣lesschildren D.petowners (54)A.doawaywith B.throwlighton C.takeadvantageof D.makeupfor (55)A.needs B.tests C.explanations D.disorders 【答案】BCADA BBDCC ADABD 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了人与动物互动对儿童的影响。过去的研究上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】 帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师, 对接 V:jiajiao6767 (嘉惠老师) 表明,与动物互动可以帮助儿童更好地理解生物学知识,并且能够提供情感支持。最近 的研究发现,有动物互动经验的青少年更有可能认为自己在社区中扮演重要角色,并且 与动物的情感联系程度越高,他们在情感上的连结度也越高。尽管这些研究不能确定因 果关系,但它们表明与动物互动可以促进儿童和青少年的社交技能发展。然而,这些研 究也存在一些限制,无法确定动物在儿童生活中的因果作用,并且仅限于特定地区的研 究。此外,一些其他研究还发现,养宠物的人比不养宠物的人更容易出现心理问题,如 抑郁。 【解答】(41)考查名词短语及语境理解。A.commonsense常识;B.scientific evidence 科学证据;C.universalassumptions普遍假设;D.naturaltendencies自然倾向。句意:但这 种观点经得起科学证据的检验吗?。根据前一句"人们认为养宠物对孩子来说是一件好事 "及后一句"人与动物相互作用的新领域旨在找到答案"可知,该空意思是"科学证据"。故 选B。 (42)考查形容词及语境理解。A.enthusiastic热情的;B.curious好奇的;C.accurate准确 的;D.serious严重的。句意:在回答"金鱼有心脏吗?"这样的问题时,照顾过金鱼的幼 儿园孩子的回答更为准确。根据前句"她报告说,与没有宠物的孩子相比,与动物互动能 让年幼的孩子更好地理解生物学。"可知,该空所在句表示养过金鱼的孩子回答更"准确"。 故选C。 (43)考查动词及语境理解。A.transferred转移;B.collected收集;C.judged裁决;D.spread 扩散。句意:他们还更容易将生物信息从一个物种转移到另一个物种。根据后文"推断小 青蛙会像金鱼一样变大"可知,该空所在句意思是从一个生物"转移"到另一个生物。故选 A。 (44)考查形容词及语境理解。A.cautious小心的;B.vigorous精力充沛的;C.ambitious 有抱负的;D.anxious焦虑的。句意:她还报告说,那些向宠物寻求情感支持的孩子比那 些没有宠物的孩子更不焦虑。根据语境可知,有宠物相伴的孩子更不"焦虑"。故选D。 (45)考查形容词及语境理解。A.limited有限的;B.reliable可靠的;C.varied多变的; D.fascinating迷人的。句意:但关于这一主题的文献仍然相当有限。根据but可知,该句 意思与前一句"在过去的十年中已经取得了一些进展"发生转折,所以该空意思是"有限的"。 故选A。 (46)考查动词及语境理解。A.owes亏欠;B.adds补充;C.restricts约束;D.adapts适应。上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】 帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师, 对接 V:jiajiao6767 (嘉惠老师) 句意:湖边大学研究员梅格•布朗最近发表的一篇论文为这一讨论补充了一些重要信息。 在第二段中表述了心理学家琼•史密斯的观点,所以该段提到的研究员梅格•布朗的论文 应是"补充"观点和信息。故选B。 (47)考查名词及语境理解。A.status地位;B.age年龄;C.height身高;D.performance 表演。句意:她求助于一个数据集,其中包括7000名儿童的信息,年龄从13岁到19岁 不等。根据空后的"从13岁到19岁不等"可知,该空意思是"年龄"。故选B。 (48)考查复合形容词及语境理解。A.animal﹣watching动物观赏的;B.animal﹣led 动 物引导的;C.animal﹣friendly 动物友好的;D.animal﹣related动物互动的。句意:在这 项研究中,养宠物和其他类型的动物相关活动,如骑马,都被认为是人类与动物的互动 的体验。根据句意可知,该句提到人类与动物之间进行的互动,所以该空意思是"与动物 互动的"。故选D。 (49)考查名词及语境理解。A.donators捐赠者;B.delegates代表;C.contributors贡献者; D.witnesses目击者。句意:她发现,有动物经历的青少年更有可能将自己视为社区的重 要贡献者,比如做社区服务。根据空后的"做社区服务"可知,该空意思是"贡献者"。故选 C。 (50)考查名词及语境理解。A.difference差异;B.isolation 孤立;C.attachment依恋; D.disapproval不赞同。句意:她还发现,青少年与动物之间的依恋程度越高,他们在情 感联系方面的总体得分就越高。根据句意可知,该句表达的是人与动物之间的"依恋"。 故选C。 (51)考查形容词及语境理解。A.possible可能的;B.questionable可疑的;C.misleading 误导的;D.uncertain不确定的。句意:虽然因果关系无法确定,但布朗说,儿童和青少 年至少有可能从他们与动物互动的经历中学习到健康的社会关系。分析句子可知,该句 是while"虽然,尽管"引导的让步主语从句,上一句"虽然因果关系无法确定",那么下一 句意思发生转折,故该空意思是"可能"。故选A。 (52)考查动词及语境理解。A.block阻塞;B.stress强调;C.involve牵涉;D.promote促 进。句意:"如果这些关系所需的技能之间存在联系,那么利用动物关系作为促进社会技 能发展的一种方式可能是有用的,"她说。根据该空前后"利用动物关系"及"社会技能发展 "可知,该空意思是"促进"。故选D。 (53)考查名词及语境理解。A.teenagers 青少年;B.researchers 研究人员;C.pet﹣less上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】 帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师, 对接 V:jiajiao6767 (嘉惠老师) children没宠物的孩子;D.petowners宠物主人。句意:它无法得出任何关于动物在儿童 生活中的因果作用的结论,而且仅限于全国的青少年。本文主要讲述动物与儿童及青少 年之间的关系的研究,所以该空意思是"青少年"。故选A。 (54)考查动词短语及语境理解。A.doawaywith取消;B.throwlighton阐明,揭示;C.take advantageof利用;D.makeupfor弥补。句意:此外,这项研究并不是为了揭示人类与动 物互动体验的任何潜在负面影响。根据空后名词"负面影响",可知该空意思是"揭示"。故 选B。 (55)考查名词及语境理解。A.needs需要;B.tests测验;C.explanations解释;D.disorders 紊乱,障碍。句意:例如,其他一些研究表明,养宠物的人比不养宠物的人有更高程度 的心理障碍,比如抑郁症。根据空前的"心理"及空后的"比如抑郁症"可知,该空意思是" 障碍"。故选D。 【点评】完形填空所涉及的内容广泛,考查的知识点难度在逐渐提高。要做好此类题, 首先要通读全文,初步了解文章大意;然后结合选项,再读文章,考虑上下文句意的衔 接,结合语法、句法、词法,做到语义通顺,初步确定选项;完成初步填后,再通读文 章,检查文章是否通顺流畅,用词是否得当,意思是否完整。 SectionB ASwedishProfessoratNaturalHistorycameouttothefarmtoaskmeforhelp.Hehadcome toAfricatofindoutatwhatstageoftheembryo(胚胎) statethefootofthemonkeysbeginsto differfromthehumanfoot.ForthispurposehemeanttogoandshootColobusmonkeysonMount Elgon. "YouwillneverfindoutfromtheColobusmonkeys,"Isaidtohim,"theyliveinthetopsof thetreesandareshyanddifficulttoshoot.Itwouldbethegreatestluckshouldyougettheembryo youwant." TheProfessorwashopeful.Hewasgoingtostayouttillhehadgothisfoot,hesaid,evenifit was be for years.He hadappliedto the Game Department forpermission to shootthe monkeys he wanted.Thepermissionhewas,inviewofthehighscientificobjectofhisresearch,certaintoget, butsofar,hehadhadnoreply. "Howmanymonkeyshaveyouaskedtobeallowedtoshoot?"Iaskedhim He told me that he had,to begin with,asked for permission to shoot fifteen hundred上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】 帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师, 对接 V:jiajiao6767 (嘉惠老师) monkeys. NowIknewthepeopleattheGameDepartment,andIassistedhimtosendinasecondletter asking for a reply by return of post,since the Professor was keen to get off on his research.The answerfromtheGameDepartmentdid,foronce,comebyreturnofpost.TheGameDepartment, theywrote,werepleasedtoinformProfessorLandgreenthat,inviewofthescientificobjectofhis research,theyhadseentheirwaytomakeanexceptionfromtheirrules,andtoraisethenumberof monkeysonhislicensefromfourtosix. IhadtoreadtheletterovertwicetotheProfessor.Whenthecontentsatlastwerecleartohim, he became so deadly shocked and hurt,that he did not say a single word.To my expressions of sympathyhemadenoreply,butwalkedoutofthehouse,gotintohiscaranddroveawaysadly. (56)By"It would be the greatest luck should you get the embryo you want",the author impliesthat A . A.itwasnoeasyjobtogetColobusmonkeys B.therewereveryfewColobusmonkeysinAfrica C.hewishedtheProfessorgoodluckindoingtheresearch D.theProfessorwassuretoobtaintheembryodespitethedifficulties (57)WhatcanbelearnedabouttheGameDepartmentfromthepassage? B A.ItfundedtheProfessor'sscientificresearch. B.ItallowedtheProfessortoshootonlysixmonkeys. C.Itwassetuptohelpresearcherstofindwildanimals. D.ItmaderulesaboutwheretoshootColobusmonkeys. (58)WhydidtheProfessorsaynothingaftertheauthorreadthelettertohim? C A.TheProfessorfoundhisresearchwasmeaningless. B.TheProfessorrealizedhiscrueltyinshootingmonkeys. C.TheProfessorcouldn'tcarryouthisresearchasexpected D.TheProfessorfeltsorryforbriningtroubletotheauthor. (59)Whichofthefollowingiscoveredinthepassage? B A.ThescarcityofColobusmonkeys.上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】 帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师, 对接 V:jiajiao6767 (嘉惠老师) B.ThechangeoftheProfessor'smood. C.TheoriginoftheGameDepartment. D.Thesignificanceofanimalprotection. 【答案】ABCB 【分析】这是一篇说明文,短文主要讲述了一个瑞典教授来非洲进行研究但却失败而归 的故事。 【解答】(55)推理判断题。根据第二段"YouwillneverfindoutfromtheColobusmonkeys, "Isaidto him,"theylive in thetopsofthe treesandareshyanddifficulttoshoot.It wouldbe thegreatestluckshouldyougettheembryo youwant."("你永远不会从疣猴那里知道,"我 对他说,"它们住在树顶,很害羞,很难射击。如果你能得到你想要的胚胎,那就太幸运 了。")可推断,作者说这句话是想说明找到疣猴并不容易。故选A。 (56)细节理解题。根据倒数第二段TheGameDepartment,theywrote,werepleasedto informProfessorLandgreenthat,inviewofthescientificobjectofhisresearch,theyhadseen their way to make an exception from their rules,and to raise the number of monkeys on his licensefromfourtosix.(他们写道,游戏部很高兴地通知兰德格林教授,鉴于他研究的科 学目标,他们已经想办法破例,把他执照上的猴子数量从四只增加到六只。)可知,游 戏部门只允许教授射杀六只猴子。故选B。 (57)推理判断题。根据最后一段Whenthecontentsatlastwerecleartohim,hebecameso deadlyshockedandhurt,thathedidnotsayasingleword.(当他终于明白了里面的内容时, 他感到非常震惊和伤心,一句话也没说。)可知,教授不说话是因为他为不能像预期的 那样进行研究而感到悲伤。故选C。 (58)细节理解题。根据第三段TheProfessorwashopeful.(教授满怀希望。)及最后一 段Tomyexpressionsofsympathyhemadenoreply,butwalkedoutofthehouse,gotintohis caranddroveawaysadly.(对我表示的同情,他没有回答,而是走出家门,钻进他的汽车, 伤心地开车走了。)可知,我们可以在文中看到教授心情的变化。故选B。 【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针 对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案。 COMMONRUNNINGINJURIES Running is a great form of exercise.However,running under certain conditions can cause a上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】 帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师, 对接 V:jiajiao6767 (嘉惠老师) varietyofinjuries. The National Running Association recently released the results of its latest survey on commonrunninginjuries,asillustratedinthepictureontheright.Accordingtothesurveyresults, the most reported cases are related to knee injury and muscle pull,with the former occurring a little less frequently.About a quarter of the respondents say they have had plantar fasciitis.The number of respondents suffering from Achilles tendonitis or shin splints is nearly twice that of thosewithstressfracture,whichisalsowhatfewestrespondentsreport. There are two main causes of running injury : structural imbalance and training volume.Structural imbalance occurs when a certain muscle group is weak and requires other musclegroupstohelp.Thebodyadaptstostressesandbecomesstronger.Thisisthebasicprinciple oftraining.However,ifyoupushtoofastorruntoofar,youcanstressthebodyinsuchawaythat it never has time to fully recover.Training progression and moderation are the keys to avoiding overuseinjury. Hereareseveralwaystoavoidrunninginjury. Prepareyourbodyforrunningbywalking. Understandyourbodytypeandbepatient. Followasensibletrainingplanorfindacoach. Weartherightshoes. The cause of the injury is not easy to diagnose.For example,a foot problem can cause a problem in the knees or back.Finding and treating the cause of a running injury is the job of a trained doctor.More importantly,listen to your body and recognize the signs of overtraining so thatyoucanavoidrunninginjury. (60)Which group of injuries best fits the blanks numbered ①,②,③and ④in the picture? D A.①kneeinjury; ②musclepull; ③stressfracture; ④shinsplints B.①musclepull; ②kneeinjury; ③stressfracture; ④Achillestendonitis C.①kneeinjury; ②musclepull; ③shinsplints; ④stressfracture D.①musclepull; ②kneeinjury; ③Achillestendonitis; ④stressfracture上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】 帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师, 对接 V:jiajiao6767 (嘉惠老师) (61)Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingleadstostructuralimbalance? A A.Usingsomemusclesmoreintenselythanothers. B.Trainingweakmusclesmoreoftenthanstrongones. C.Adaptingyourbodytostressesslowly. D.Givingyourbodylittletimetorecover. (62)According to the passage,if you want to find outwhy your back and knees hurtafter runningyouhadbetter B . A.turntoacoachforhelp B.consultatraineddoctor C.understandyourbodytypefirst D.wearanotherpairofrunningshoes 【答案】DAB 【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了跑步是一种很好的锻炼方式。然而,在某些条件 下跑步会导致各种各样的伤害,文章介绍了几种避免跑步受伤的方法。 【解答】(60)细节理解题。根据第二段中Accordingtothesurveyresults,themostreported cases are related to knee injury and muscle pull,with the former occurring a little less frequently.Aboutaquarteroftherespondentssaytheyhavehadplantarfasciitis.Thenumberof respondents sufferingfromAchilles tendonitis orshin splints is nearly twice that of those with stressfracture,whichis alsowhatfewestrespondentsreport.(根据调查结果,报告病例最 多的是膝关节损伤和肌肉拉伤,前者发生的频率稍低。大约四分之一的受访者说他们患 有足底筋膜炎。患有跟腱炎或胫骨夹板的受访者几乎是患有应力性骨折的受访者的两倍, 这也是受访者中最少的。)可知,在跑步常见损伤中,最多的是肌肉拉伤,最少的是应上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】 帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师, 对接 V:jiajiao6767 (嘉惠老师) 力性骨折,所以结合选项和图片中的占比数,可知D项符合该项统计调查结果。故选D。 (61)细节理解题。根据第三段中Structuralimbalanceoccurswhenacertainmusclegroupis weakandrequiresothermusclegroupstohelp.(当某个肌肉群很弱,需要其他肌肉群的帮 助时,就会出现结构失衡。)可知,使用一些肌肉比其他肌肉更强烈导致了结构不平衡。 故选A。 (62)细节理解题。根据最后一段中Findingandtreatingthecauseofarunninginjuryisthe jobofatraineddoctor.(找到并治疗跑步受伤的原因是训练有素的医生的工作。)可知, 根据这篇文章,如果你想知道为什么跑步后你的背部和膝盖会疼,你最好找个训练有素 的医生咨询下。故选B。 【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针 对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案。 Ataconferenceonself﹣drivingcars,MikeHarp,agovernmentofficial,askedaseemingly simplequestionaboutwhathappenswhenhisowncarmeetsadriverlessvehicle."IfIhonk(按喇 叭),will it doany good?"Harp wanted to know.Unfortunately,manufacturers didn'thave an answer."We haven't reached that point of deciding how and whether it would be appropriate for vehiclestoreactandinwhichwaytohonking,"saidoneofthem.Thebriefexchangehighlightsa thorninthesideofautomakersandpolicymakersalike:Self﹣drivingcarswill havetosharethe road with human drivers,likely for decades to come.Those vehicles must therefore respond and adapttothepeculiaritiesandmistakesofhumansbehindthewheel. Self﹣driving technology has already come a long way.Cars being tested on the road today use cameras and radar , for example , to detect the movements of nearby cyclists and pedestrians.There are already driver﹣assist technologies built into some cars that monitor the speedofvehiclesaroundyou,detectpotentialaccidentsbeforetheyoccur,andautomaticallyslow orstopthecartoavoidawreck.In aworldwhereallcarsdrivethemselves,thetechnologycould operate at peak efficiency.Supporters of self﹣driving cars say that speed limits could be raised andfatal crashes largely avoided as no traffic laws arebroken andpoor drivers become a thing of thepast. Butthechangetodriverlessvehiclesisexpectedtobegradual,andwilllikelystartwithride ﹣sharing services,as the costs of personally owning a self﹣driving car remain extremely上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】 帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师, 对接 V:jiajiao6767 (嘉惠老师) high.That means man and machine will have to play nice on roadways."There are so many interestingsituations,"suchashonkingahorn,Harpsaid.When"anothercarwithadrivermeetsa self﹣drivingcarwithoutadriverinthereandtheyrealizethat,itwillfrightensomepeople.How that'sgoingtobedealtwithwillbepartofthefunpartofthisprocess." Anydrivercantellyouthatdrivinginvolvesalotofsocialinteraction,particularlythehand gesturesandeyecontactoffellowdrivers.Muchofthatinteractionbetweendriverswilleventually be digital as cars increasingly collect data and share it with the vehicles around them.If a car speeds up,slows down or prepares for a stop,for example,that would be communicated immediately and electronically to the other vehicles on the road.Like self﹣driving technology, however,itwillbeyearsbeforethevehicle﹣to﹣vehiclecommunicationiscommon. That challenge is being taken into account as driverless vehicles are tested on public roads.Butthe honking issue is particularly tricky because it's subject to interpretation.It's going to be really hard for a driverless vehicle,even if it hears the honk,to figure out what that honk means. (63)Inparagraph1,"athorn"refersto C . A.theissuethathumandrivershavepeculiaritiesandmakemistakes B.thepredictionthatself﹣drivingcarswillbecommoninthefuture C.thefactthatdriverlesscarsco﹣existwithcarsdrivenbyhumans D.thetechnologythatensuresdriverlesscarsaresafeontheroad (64)Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphs? D A.Mostpeopledon'tadvocateself﹣drivingtechnology. B.Inter﹣vehiclecommunicationissuperiortointer﹣personalinteraction. C.Socialinteractionwilldecreaseamongdriversbehindthewheel. D.Moredataisneededtomakeself﹣drivingtechnologyarealitymuchsooner. (65)Which example is used to illustrate that self﹣driving technology is not something new? D A.Acarcommunicatesitsspeedtotheothervehicles. B.Adriverlesscarislikelytofrightenhumandrivers.上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】 帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师, 对接 V:jiajiao6767 (嘉惠老师) C.Speedlimitsareraisedinaworldofself﹣drivingcars. D.Carcamerasandradarareusedtodetectmovingpeople. (66)Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage? D A.Thesimplequestionaboutself﹣drivingcarswestillcan'tanswer B.Agoldenopportunityfordriverlesscarswecan'taffordtomiss C.Hiddensecretsofself﹣drivingcarswecan'treveal D.Potentialrisksofdriverlesscarswecan'tignore 【答案】CDDD 【分析】这是一篇说明文,短文主要讲述了自动驾驶汽车与人类驾驶者共享道路的问题。 【解答】(63)词句猜测题。根据第一段Thebriefexchangehighlightsathorninthesideof automakersandpolicymakersalike:Self﹣drivingcarswillhavetosharetheroadwithhuman drivers,likelyfordecadestocome.(这段简短的对话凸显了汽车制造商和政策制定者的一 个眼中钉:可能在未来几十年里,自动驾驶汽车将不得不与人类司机共享道路。)可知, thorn指的是无人驾驶汽车与人类驾驶汽车共存的事实。故选C。 (64)推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Likeself﹣drivingtechnology,however,itwillbeyears beforethevehicle﹣to﹣vehiclecommunicationiscommon.(然而,就像自动驾驶技术一样, 车与车之间的通信普及还需要数年时间。)可知,要让自动驾驶技术更快成为现实,还 需要更多的数据。故选D。 (65)细节理解题。根据第二段Self﹣drivingtechnologyhasalreadycomealongway.Cars beingtestedontheroadtodayusecamerasandradar,forexample,todetectthemovementsof nearbycyclistsandpedestrians.(自动驾驶技术已经取得了长足的进步。例如,今天在路上 测试的汽车使用摄像头和雷达来探测附近骑自行车的人和行人的运动。)可知,用汽车 摄像头和雷达探测移动的人已经不是一项新的事物。故选D。 (66)标题归纳题。通读全文,尤其是最后一段Thatchallengeisbeingtakenintoaccountas driverless vehicles are tested on public roads.But the honking issue is particularly tricky becauseit'ssubjecttointerpretation. (随着无人驾驶汽车在公共道路上进行测试,这一挑 战正在被考虑在内。但鸣笛的问题特别棘手,因为它受到解释的影响。)可知,文章主 要讲述了自动驾驶汽车与人类驾驶者共享道路的问题。A.Thesimplequestionaboutself﹣ drivingcarswestillcan'tanswer(关于自动驾驶汽车的简单问题,我们仍然无法回答);上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】 帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师, 对接 V:jiajiao6767 (嘉惠老师) B.Agoldenopportunityfordriverlesscarswecan'taffordtomiss(这是我们不能错过的无人 驾驶汽车的黄金机会);C.Hiddensecretsofself﹣drivingcarswecan'treveal(我们不能透 露的自动驾驶汽车隐藏的秘密);D.Potentialrisksofdriverlesscarswecan'tignore(无人 驾驶汽车的潜在风险我们不能忽视)。故选D。 【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针 对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案。 SectionC A.Another popular belief is that red wine,like other drinks,may be harmful to you if consumedtoomuch. B.Apartfromthat,manypeoplebelievedrinkingredwineisespeciallygoodforyourheart. C.Eggs are high in cholesterol and fat despite the fact that they are a nutritious source of energy. D.Therearemanyothermythscommoninoursocietyaboutfoodandhealth. E.This is because the body can deal with the extra cholesterol by reducing the amount it produces. F.Withsuchasteadystreamofinformation,it'sunderstandablethatafewpopularmythsabout foodandhealtharefloatingaround. Food&HealthMyths Every day there is new information about food and health products.Newspapers regularly have articles that discuss how certain foods or drinks are good or bad for you.Some television shows often deal with new stories about how consuming certain substances can affect your body. (67) F . One myth aboutfood andhealth is thateggs are bad for your heart.Although theyare indeed highincholesterol(胆固醇) andfat,it's nottruethateatingeggs everydaywilldamageyour heart.(68) E .Asfarasfatgoes,it'stheyellowpartoftheeggthatcontainsallthefat.Soif you're worried about the fat content of eggs,go ahead and just eat the whites.You might also choose to buy certain kinds of eggs that have less fat content depending on the diet of the animal.Checkyourlocalsupermarketformoreinformation.上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】 帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师, 对接 V:jiajiao6767 (嘉惠老师) (69) B .Althoughitwasoncethoughttohaveuniqueproperties,othertypesofalcohol canhavethesameeffects.Astudyconductedrecentlyrevealedthatpeoplewhodrankredwinedid notliveanylongerthanthosewhodrankotherkindsofspirits,suchasbeerorwhitewine.Itseems thatthe alcoholitself improves anindividual's health byraising thelevels ofgood cholesteroland decreasing bad cholesterol.The alcohol also serves to increase blood flow and assist in blood clotting (凝结). (70) D .Consumers who are especially concerned about their health should think carefullyaboutnewinformationtheyreadaboutorseeontelevision. 【答案】FEBD 【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了一些关于食品和健康产品的错误认知,告诫关心 自己健康的消费者应该仔细考虑他们看到的新信息。 【解答】(67)推理判断题。根据前句Everydaythereisnewinformationaboutfoodandhealth products.Newspapers regularly have articles that discuss how certain foods or drinks are good orbadforyou.Sometelevisionshowsoftendealwithnewstoriesabouthowconsumingcertain substancescanaffectyourbody(每天都有关于食品和健康产品的新信息。报纸上经常有 文章讨论某些食物或饮料对你的好处或坏处。一些电视节目经常报道食用某些物质会如 何影响你的身体的新故事),可知表示"有了如此稳定的信息流,一些关于食品和健康的 流行神话四处流传是可以理解的"的选项F可以承接前文,介绍各种信息每天都有,所以 就有一些关于食品和健康的流行神话四处流传,故选F。 (68)推理判断题。根据前句Althoughtheyareindeedhighincholestero(l 胆固醇)andfat, it'snottruethateatingeggseverydaywilldamageyourhear(t 尽管它们的胆固醇和脂肪含量 确实很高,但是每天吃鸡蛋不会真的损害你的心脏),可知表示"这是因为身体可以通过 减少胆固醇的产生量来处理多余的胆固醇"的选项E可以承接前文,解释每天吃鸡蛋不会 真的损害你的心脏的原因,故选E。 (69)主题判断题。根据后句Althoughitwasoncethoughttohaveuniqueproperties,other typesofalcoholcanhavethesameeffects(尽管它曾经被认为具有独特的特性,但其他类 型的酒精也有同样的效果),可知表示"除此之外,许多人认为喝红酒对心脏特别有益" 的选项B可以作为本段的主题﹣﹣﹣喝红酒对心脏特别有益﹣﹣﹣这种说法不确切,故 选B。上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】 帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师, 对接 V:jiajiao6767 (嘉惠老师) (70)推理判断题。根据前文介绍一些食物和健康的说法;以及后句Consumerswhoare especiallyconcernedabouttheir healthshouldthinkcarefullyaboutnewinformationtheyread aboutorseeontelevision(特别关心自己健康的消费者应该仔细考虑他们在电视上看到的 新信息),可知表示"在我们的社会中,关于食物和健康还有许多其他常见的说法"的选 项D可以承接前文,介绍关于食物和健康常见的说法,引出后句的正确做法,故选D。 【点评】这是完成性阅读,和完形填空很类似,不同的是一个选词,一个选句子。解题 时,要注意上下文语境,充分考虑信息词(选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词), 选出最符合语境的句子。 SummaryWriting AnnGrand:avisualthinker Ann Grand is a visual thinker.When somebody speaks to her,the words are instantly translated into pictures,like a video in her head.Unlike most people,her thoughts move from video﹣likeimagestogeneralizationsandconcepts.Furthermore,hermemoriesusuallyappearin herimaginationinorderoftime,andtheimagevisualizedarealwaysspecific.Forexample,ifshe thinksaboutachimney,sheseesdetailedpictures,liketheoneinheroldhouse,andthenthosein her hometown.That one word can turn into a full﹣length video in her head.Grand's mind works like the Internet search engine which produces dozens of images of an object a user is searching for. Visual thinking has enabled Grand to build entire systems in her imagination,which works similarly to a computer program because it can produce three ﹣ dimensional design simulations.This was important to her as an equipment designer for the livestock industry.Before she started construction on her designs,she would test﹣run theequipmentinher mind.She formed mental pictures of her designs in every possible situation,with different sizes and breeds of cattle and in different weather conditions.This process made it possible for her to correctmistakesbeforeconstructionstarted. Grand's mind is also sensitive to details,which was important in her work with cattle.Her sharp awareness of the visual world led to noteworthy observations about animals.She noticed many little things that most people would notconsider that scared the cattle.For example,a coat on a fence or a pipe on the floor would frighten them away.Grand's visualization abilities have上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】 帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师, 对接 V:jiajiao6767 (嘉惠老师) alsohelpedherunderstandtheanimals shehasworkedwith.This ledherto createdesignsranging from sweeping,curved fences intended to reduce the stress experienced by animals that were goingtobekilledtosystemsforhandlingsickcattleandpigs. 【答案】见试题解答内容 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。安•格兰德是一位视觉思考者。格兰德的大脑就像互联网搜 索引擎一样,可以生成用户正在搜索的对象的几十幅图像。格兰德的头脑对细节也很敏 感,这在她与牛的工作中很重要,并因此创造了许多设计。 高分句型一:AnnGrandisavisualthinker,whosemindworksliketheInternetsearchengine. 翻译:安•格兰德是视觉思考者,她的思维就像互联网搜索引擎一样。 分析:运用了whose引导的非限制性定语从句。 高分句型二:Grand'smindissosensitivetodetailsthatshecouldnoticemanylittlethingsthat mostpeoplewouldnotconsiderthatscaredthecattle. 翻译:格兰德的大脑对细节非常敏感,她能注意到许多大多数人认为不会吓到牛的小事 情。 分析:运用了so…that 引导的结果状语从句,以及that引导的限制性定语从句。 【解答】AnnGrandisavisualthinker,whosemindworksliketheInternetsearchengine.【高 分句型一】(要点1.安•格兰德是视觉思考者。格兰德的思维方式就像互联网搜索引擎一 样。)Therefore she can build entire systems in her imagination through producing three﹣ dimensionaldesignsimulations.(要点2.视觉思维使格兰德能够在她的想象中构建整个系 统。)Grand's mindis sosensitiveto detailsthatshecouldnotice manylittle things thatmost peoplewouldnotconsiderthatscaredthecattle.【高分句型二】Thisledhertocreatekindsof designs(要点3.这促使她创造了各种各样的设计)。 【点评】概要写作,简言之就是对所读过的文章简要概括,写出文章的中心大意,也可 称之为摘要。写概要时,读者要是把文章的具体信息用一些具有概括功能的词和句表述 出来,而不是抄袭文章的原句,更不是把细节性信息作为中心,而是要通过对文章中的 单词、词组和句子进行合理转换,对文章的具体信息进行概括,再用合适的语言表述出 来。这一题型主要考查学生对文章主旨大意的概括和准确获取关键词的能力,同时考查 学生用简洁的语言概括文章重要信息的能力以及对文章整体结构的把握能力。因此,概 要写作是基于阅读理解和书面表达,是二者的有机结合体,是阅读理解和书面表达的沟上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】 帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师, 对接 V:jiajiao6767 (嘉惠老师) 通桥梁。 Translation 72.你坐会儿,我来看管这六件行李。 Youcansitforawhile,andIwilllookafterthesesix piecesofluggage/baggage. (look) (汉译英) 【答案】Youcansitforawhile,andIwilllookafterthesesixpiecesofluggage/baggage. 【分析】你坐会儿,我来看管这六件行李。 【解答】"你坐会儿"主语是you,谓语是cansit,"一会儿"是forawhile;"看管"是lookafter, 为动词短语,表示将来用一般将来时,"行李"是不可数名词luggage/baggage,"这六件行 李"是thesesixpiecesofluggage/baggage,两个句子为并列关系用and连接。 故填:Youcansitforawhile,andIwilllookafterthesesixpiecesofluggage/baggage. 【点评】本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题,需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等, 来选择合适的单词或者短语。 73.打喷嚏的时候务必用纸巾遮住口鼻。(Do) Docoveryournoseandmouthwithatissue whenyousneeze. 【答案】Docoveryournoseandmouthwithatissuewhenyousneeze. 【分析】打喷嚏的时候务必用纸巾遮住口鼻。 【解答】根据句意"务必",此处为肯定祈使句,且强调句谓语cover,前面用do;表示" 用...遮住"可以用短语cover...with;表示"口鼻"翻译为noseandmouth;表示"用纸巾"应用 withatissue,后跟when引导时间状语从句,表示"打喷嚏"应用动词sneeze,为一般现在 时。 故填:Docoveryournoseandmouthwithatissuewhenyousneeze. 【点评】考查汉译英,注意英汉之间的差异,英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达,准确地 理解句子、翻译句子,然后根据句意及提示完成句子,使句意更通顺。 74.这位头发花白的外交官与老友不期而遇,脑海中浮现出那段为理想而奋斗的青春岁月。 (remind) An encounter with his old friend reminded the grey﹣haired diplomat of the youthfuldayswhentheywerestrivingfortheirideals. 【答案】Anencounterwithhisoldfriendremindedthegrey﹣haireddiplomatoftheyouthful dayswhentheywerestrivingfortheirideals. 【分析】这位头发花白的外交官与老友不期而遇,脑海中浮现出那段为理想而奋斗的青上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】 帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师, 对接 V:jiajiao6767 (嘉惠老师) 春岁月。 【解答】anencounterwithsb.和某人的一场偶遇,与老友不期而遇Anencounterwithhisold friend,句首单词的首字母要大写;"脑海中浮现"可理解为"使人想起",remindsb.ofsth. 使某人想起某事,为动词短语,根据句意可知时态为一般过去时,谓语动词remind应用 过去式reminded,这位头发花白的外交官thegrey﹣haireddiplomat,那段为理想而奋斗 的青春岁月theyouthfuldayswhentheywerestrivingfortheirideals。 故填:An encounter with his old friend reminded the grey﹣haired diplomat of the youthful dayswhentheywerestrivingfortheirideals. 【点评】本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题,需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等, 来选择合适的单词或者短语。 75.这位先驱者的故居是间不起眼的木屋,现正修复中,游客有望在六月底一睹其真容。 Theformerresidenceofthepioneerisahumblewoodenhouse,whichisnowunderrestoration, andvisitorsarelikelytoseeitsreallookattheendofJune. (under) (汉译英) 【答案】Theformerresidenceofthepioneerisahumblewoodenhouse,whichisnowunder restoration,andvisitorsarelikelytoseeitsreallookattheendofJune. 【分析】这位先驱者的故居是间不起眼的木屋,现正修复中,游客有望在六月底一睹其 真容。 【解答】"这位先驱者的故居"翻译为Theformerresidenceofthepioneer,句首单词的首字 母要大写;表示"是间不起眼的木屋"应用isahumblewoodenhouse,全句时态为一般现在 时,后跟which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词house,underrestoration为介词短语, 意为"在修复中",表示"现正修复中"为whichisnowunderrestoration;and连接并列句, 主语为复数名词visitors,表示"有望在六月底一睹其真容"翻译为arelikelytoseeitsreal lookattheendofJune。 故填:The former residence of the pioneer is a humble wooden house,which is now under restoration,andvisitorsarelikelytoseeitsreallookattheendofJune. 【点评】本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题,需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等, 来选择合适的单词或者短语。 GuidedWriting 76.假如你是明启中学高三学生李华,收到外国朋友 Bill 的邮件,告诉你他准备学习汉语,上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】 帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师, 对接 V:jiajiao6767 (嘉惠老师) 现有两门汉语课程供他选择(课程信息如下表所示),但他对课程选择有些茫然,想听 取你的建议。给 Bill 回复一封邮件,在邮件中你必须: (1)推荐其中一门课程; (2)通过比较两门课程的信息,说明你推荐该课程的理由。 课程名称 汉语听说 汉语读写 课程内容 日常会话 故事读写 授课安排 每周一、四 每周五 晚7:00﹣8:30,共8周 晚7:00﹣8:30,共16周 授课语言 全中文 中英双语 【答案】DearBill, Having learnt you are planning to study the Chinese language and that you cannot decide whethertooptfortheListeningandSpeakingcourseortheReadingandWritingone,I,asa Chinesenative speaker,am writing to putforward my own idea thatthe first option might be moresuitableforyou. Thereasonsbehindthe choice,asfar asI cansee,canbeanalyzedin threeaspects.Tobegin with,as is universally acknowledged,listening and speaking is the very beginning and foundationoflearningalanguage,beitthemothertongueoraforeignlanguage.Inaddition, regarding the course is given twice a week,learning a foreign language intensively has been provedmoreeffectivebylinguists.Lastbutnotleast,thattheteachinglanguageisChineseonly shall force you to listen attentively and speak earnestly,ensuring a fast progress in language skills. Tosum up,the Listening and Speaking course will prove to be more relevant,effective and efficient,which,bycontrast,cannotbeachievedbytheReadingandWriting course.Itis, therefore,advisable that you choose the former.Hope the above might be of any help to you.ThankyouforyourtimeandwishyouagreatsuccessinlearningChinese. Yours, LiHua 【分析】高分句型一:Lastbutnotleast,thattheteachinglanguageisChineseonlyshallforce youtolistenattentivelyandspeakearnestly,ensuringafastprogressinlanguageskills.上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】 帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师, 对接 V:jiajiao6767 (嘉惠老师) 译文:最后但同样重要的是,教学语言只有中文,这将迫使你认真听讲,确保语言技能 的快速进步。 分析:这句话使用了that引导的主语从句,ensuringafastprogressinlanguageskills是现 在分词短语作状语。 高分句型二:Tosumup,theListeningandSpeakingcoursewillprovetobemorerelevant, effective and efficient,which,by contrast,cannot be achieved by the Reading andWriting course. 译文:总之,听力和口语课程将被证明更具相关性、有效性和效率,而阅读和写作课程 则无法做到这一点。 分析:这句话使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。 【解答】DearBill, Having learnt you are planning to study the Chinese language and that you cannot decide whethertooptfortheListeningandSpeakingcourseortheReadingandWritingone,I,asa Chinesenative speaker,am writing to putforward my own idea thatthe first option might be moresuitableforyou.(推荐其中一门课程) Thereasonsbehindthe choice,asfar asI cansee,canbeanalyzedin threeaspects.Tobegin with,as is universally acknowledged,listening and speaking is the very beginning and foundationoflearningalanguage,beitthemothertongueoraforeignlanguage.Inaddition, regarding the course is given twice a week,learning a foreign language intensively has been provedmoreeffectivebylinguists.Lastbutnotleast,thattheteachinglanguageisChineseonly shall force you to listen attentively and speak earnestly,ensuring a fast progress in language skills.【高分句型一】(通过比较两门课程的信息,说明你推荐该课程的理由) Tosum up,the Listening and Speaking course will prove to be more relevant,effective and efficient,which,bycontrast,cannotbeachievedbytheReadingandWritingcourse.【高分 句型二】Itis,therefore,advisablethatyouchoosetheformer.Hopetheabovemightbeofany helptoyou.ThankyouforyourtimeandwishyouagreatsuccessinlearningChinese.(总结) Yours, LiHua 【点评】图表类写作题一向是书面表达中的难点。它不像看图叙事和提示作文那样直观上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】 帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师, 对接 V:jiajiao6767 (嘉惠老师) 明了,文体多以说明文和议论文为主。考查时要求同学们根据所给的图表、数据等进行 分析、研究,阅读其中的文字和说明,弄清各种信息之间的关系,提炼要点,然后组织 语言进行写作,必要时还要加入作者自己的观点。 和看图叙事不同的是,写图表作文时对图表和数据内容不必全部描述,只需重点引用能 支持观点的一些数据。分析图表时切不可凭空想象,要善于抓住总的规律和趋势。时态 方面除特定的时间用过去时外,常用一般现在时。