2021江西英语试卷+答案+解析(word整理版)_12.2026年4月全国各地高考模拟卷_2026版初中金考卷•45套中考试卷汇编系列合集_全国版中考真题(1)_各省市《历年中考真题》2013-2024(10)_11江西卷

年初中学业水平考试
一、听力测试(20分)(略)
二、单项填空(8分)
请阅读下面各小题,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳
选项。(每小题1分)
21.Your leg looks really bad! I think you should send for a about that.
A.pilot B.doctor C.singer D.postman
22.—What􀆳s that terrible noise?
—It􀆳s John. He the violin.
A.practiced B.is practicing C.was practicing D.has practiced
23.Sue works , so she never seems to make mistakes.
A.late B.alone C.happilyD.carefully
24.These beautiful animals are endangered. We must them.
A.save B.show C.stop D.catch
25.There are no buses to the beach. you have a car, it􀆳s difficult to get there.
A.Since B.After C.Unless D.Because
26.—How do we turn on the oven?
—I you;weren􀆳t you listening?
A.tell B.am telling C.will tell D.have told
27.—Are you going to the airport by bus?
—I􀆳d rather take a taxi. It􀆳s .
A.quickerB.cheaper C.the quickestD.the cheapest
28.The man did a great job in fighting COVID-19.He on TV and becomes widely
known.
A.interviewed B.has interviewed
C.was interviewed D.will be interviewed
三、完形填空(26分)
A)请先阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从各小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出
可以填入相应空白处的最佳选项。(每小题1分)
They weigh almost nothing. Yet they are 29 than steel. In fact,some spiders􀆳
webs are among the world􀆳s strongest materials, 30 they can be pulled longer than
elastic(橡皮筋). They can also be any 31 . Spider webs are amazing.
A spider has hundreds of small openings in its body. Silk comes out of these
openings as a liquid(液体), and, as it reaches the air, it becomes thread-like. These 32
threads(线) come together to form a single thread.
The spider can make many different kinds of thread. The thread can be thick or thin,
wet or dry, or sticky. Each kind has a different 33 . Some webs create an egg box.
Others 34 hiding places. The most common purpose of a spider web, however, is to
catch food.
There are many 35 the spider uses its web to catch food. For example, some
spiders produce a single thread.An insect then sits on it 36 realizing what it isdoing,and becomes 37 . Slowly, the spider moves towards the insect. 38 , it covers
its food in silk.
Some spiders use a different kind of 39 . They make webs that cheat insects. An
insect sees the web and thinks it􀆳s a flower. It then 40 the web. The spider can
feel even the smallest movement of the web, and rushes at the insect 41 it can get
away.
Spider webs are so 42 that engineers have been studying them for years. They
want to learn why they are so strong and elastic. However, for the moment, spiders are
keeping their 43 . Although they have made great progress in science and technology,
humans still haven􀆳t been able to copy natural webs.
29.A.stronger B.brighter C.heavierD.thicker
30.A.so B.but C.if D.or
31.A.shape B.price C.weight D.temperature
32.A.wide B.broken C.tiny D.weak
33.A.directionB.purpose C.size D.name
34.A.provide B.choose C.find D.change
35.A.problemsB.reasonsC.steps D.ways
36.A.by B.for C.withoutD.in
37.A.lost B.stuck C.excitedD.burnt
38.A.Sadly B.ClearlyC.Suddenly D.Loudly
39.A.helpB.material C.power D.trick
40.A.lands onB.moves towards C.flies over D.looks into
41.A.when B.before C.until D.unless
42.A.softB.expensive C.important D.amazing
43.A.habits B.plans C.secrets D.records
B)请先阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。每个词限用一
次。(每小题1分)
star still good rest up how pollution stop small see towards
Look up at the sky at night. What can you see? Before electric lights, people could
often see about 2,500 different stars. Now, light fills the skies over our cities. This is
called light 44 . Because of it, people in cities can often only see about ten 45 !
Most of the time, light helps us. We can 46 because of it. It gives plants
energy. But light isn􀆳t always 47 . We need times of dark 48 . One hundred
years ago, we had those times of dark. Now the night is like day. Some scientists are
worried about 49 this light affects(影响)our health. These scientists are studying the
effects of light pollution.
Other scientists are finding ways to 50 light pollution and make our lives better.
For example,many streetlights now have covers. The covers focus the light 51 the
ground. They stop the light from going 52 into the sky. They also save energy. The
covers are a 53 change, but they can 54 have a positive(正面的) effect.
四、阅读理解(46分)
A)请阅读下面短文,根据短文内容从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选
项。(每小题2分)
A
ART FESTIVAL
14—24 August 2021
PERFORMANCE
Theater presents A Cat􀆳s Mind with cheerful songs and dance,promising to give a wonderful performance by 20 young people between 18 and 25 years of
Arts Theater
Augustevening of classical and jazz ballads.
55.When will A Cat􀆳s Mind be performed?
A.14—24 August. B.15—23 August.
C.22—24 August. D.14—22 August.
56.What is the price of an adult ticket for the concert?
A.$80. B.$50. C.$20. D.$18.
57.Which of the following is true according to the ads above?
A.A group of children perform A Cat􀆳s Mind.
B.Fawkins has won Prima Music Prize once.
C.The video show is presented by the parents.
D.You can buy Fawkins􀆳 latest CD at the concert.
B
British adventurer(冒险家)Alastair Humphreys had ridden his bike around the world,
walked across India,and rowed(划船)from Africa to South America. In 2011,however,
Humphreys had some of the biggest adventures of his life—and he never even left the
United Kingdom.
For a year,Humphreys went on microadventures—small, low-cost trips close to home.
Why did he do this?“I started to think that it was possible to have an adventure
anywhere,” he explains. For his first trip, he went hiking with a friend around the M25—
a 188-kilometer road that goes all the way around London. Other adventures included
swimming in the River Thames,sleeping outside on a hill, and going on a mountain
biking trip.Humphreys learned something important from his microadventures:We find
adventures when we try something new.
Humphreys wanted other people to make this discovery, too, so he decided to share
his idea.He challenged people to go on microadventures and send him four-minute videos
of their trips. He asked them to do things like climbing a hill, going away for a
weekend, or choosing a random(任意的) place on a map and going there. People from all
over the world accepted his challenge and posted their videos on Twitter.
58.Which of the following belong to microadventures?Check and choose the right answer.
①walk across India ②sleep outside on a hill
③go away for a weekend ④swim in the River Thames
⑤row from Africa to South America
⑥hike around the road around London
A.①③④⑤ B.①④⑤⑥ C.②③④⑥ D.②③⑤⑥
59.What can we know about Humphreys􀆳 personality according to the passage?
A.Brave, creative and active. B.Proud, humorous and kind.
C.Careful, quiet and hard-working. D.Confident, strict and warm-hearted.
60.What would be the best title for the passage?
A.A Big Challenge B.An Amazing Travel
C.Keep a Trip Record D.Go for a Microadventure
C
Today, by carefully choosing dog parents, humans have created many different kinds
of dog. Each kind has its own look and talents, and its own role within human society.
Here are three examples of “a dog􀆳s life” in the human world.
Today,many hospitals let specially trained dogs in to bring love and cheer to patients.
Shaynee is a therapy(治疗)dog.She visits children who are in hospital. Dogs like Shaynee
help patients feel calm and at peace, which can be hard in a busy hospital. They helpboth children and adults stay strong during long hospital stays, and, some suggest, even
help them get better.
Today, some beagles(小猎犬) work in airports for the government. They are part of
the program called the Beagle Brigade. A beagle is good for the work because of its
powerful nose, and ability to follow smells. The Beagle Brigade􀆳s job is to smell
everything that comes into the country. They make officers notice illegal(非法的)fruits,
vegetables, and other foods in luggage or in mail. The beagles do the job far better than
any human could.
While some dogs are working hard, others are free to spend their days resting and
playing. Across the world,many pet dogs are treated like children. Many have their own
rooms and all the things a dog could want. Some even have their own clothes. Many of
these pets spend their days playing, learning to follow, or even going to classes. Their
owners give them the best, and enjoy doing so.
Whether as workers or objects of affection(钟情), dogs have become helpful to
humans in many ways. There are plenty of advantages for the dog, too. Many kinds of
wild dogs have nearly disappeared from the Earth. However, the domestic dog􀆳s special
place as “man􀆳s best friend” has allowed it to survive(存活) in a human world.
61.What is the main idea of Paragraph 2?
A.Hospitals need many special dogs.B.Dogs can take care of patients.
C.Patients need love in the hospital. D.Doctors are too busy to see patients.
62.What does the underlined word “domestic” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A.Trained. B.Smart. C.Hungry. D.Valuable.
63.What􀆳s the purpose of the passage?
A.To ask people to treat dogs as their own children.
B.To explain why humans need beagles in their work.
C.To tell people about the history of dogs􀆳 development.
D.To show a good relationship between dogs and humans.
64.Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?
A. B. C. D.
D
Eight hundred years ago, a man in southern Turkey invented an amazing clock. It
was more than 7 meters high. At its base(基座) was a life-size model elephant. Every
half hour, something amazing happened. The whole clock came alive: Model birds,
dragons, and people started to move.
The clock􀆳s inventor was an engineer named al-Jazari. He lived in Turkey. Al-Jazari
was probably one of the greatest engineers in history. Some historians call him “the father
of modern-day engineering”.
We know about al-Jazari mostly from a book that he wrote. They include
clocks and hand-washing machines. The book also has drawings that show how each
machine works.
Many everyday things today—from toys to car engines(发动机)—still use al-Jazari􀆳s
ideas. Without his machines with moving parts, we might not have modern-day robots.
Today, it is still possible to see what al-Jazari􀆳s elephant clock looked like. A full-
size working model is in Dubai􀆳s Ibn Battuta Mall. There, every half hour, al-Jazari􀆳s
most amazing invention comes to life once again.How Does the Elephant Clock Work?
A bowl with a small hole floats(浮) in a water tank(水箱) inside the elephant􀆳s
body. As the bowl slowly sinks(下沉), it pulls a rope that moves a human figure. His
moving pen shows the number of minutes past the hour.
Every half hour, the water bowl becomes full and sinks completely. This causes a
ball to fall from the top of the clock. The movement of the ball causes a phoenix to
move and make a sound.
The ball then drops out of a falcon􀆳s mouth into the mouth of a Chinese dragon.
The weight of the ball causes the dragon􀆳s head to move down, and the dragon􀆳s tail
pulls the water bowl back up.
Finally, the ball drops out of the dragon􀆳s mouth and into a vase. As the ball lands
in the vase, the elephant driver moves and makes a sound. The cycle begins again until
there are no more balls in the top of the clock.
65.Why is al-Jazari called “the father of modern-day engineering”?
A.His ideas are still widely used in machines.
B.The elephant clock is an amazing invention.
C.His inventions include some parts of modern robots.
D.His book about machines is still popular with readers.
66.Choose the best sentence to fill in the blank “ ” in Paragraph 3.
A.He became famous when he was a young man.
B.He invented a lot of everyday machines in history.
C.It describes a number of machines of all shapes and sizes.
D.People in Turkey enjoy reading his books in their free time.
67.What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 7 refer to?
A.The pen moves.B.The ball drops.
C.The bowl sinks completely. D.The bowl pulls the rope.
68.How does the elephant clock work?Put the steps in the correct order.
a.The ball drops into the vase.
b.The ball drops into the dragon􀆳s mouth.
c.The elephant driver moves and makes a sound.
d.After 30 minutes, a ball starts to fall from the top.
e.The bowl moves down in the water and pulls on ropes.
A.b-d-a-c-e B.e-d-b-a-c C.a-e-b-d-c D.c-a-d-e-b
E
Many scientists once believed that physical similarities between identical twins are
genetic(基因的), while their personalities, intelligence, and other differences between them
are an effect of their environment.Now scientists are discovering that the boundaries(界限)
between genes and environment are not so clear.
Twins Jim Springer and Jim Lewis were adopted(领养) as babies and raised by
different couples. When the Jims finally met at age 39, they discovered they had plentyin common. Both were six feet tall, 180 pounds. They had the same smile and the same
voice. When scientist Thomas Bouchard Jr. invited the Jim twins to his lab, people there
found it very hard to tell them apart.
But the similarities didn􀆳t stop at the physical. They􀆳d both had dogs named Toy.
They had both married women named Linda, and then their marriage broke up. They􀆳d
both been policemen, enjoyed music, and left love notes around the house for their wives.
They had so much in common;it seemed unlikely these were just coincidences(巧合).
The Jim twins were just one of 137 sets of separated twins Bouchard tested. When
they compared the twins􀆳 IQ scores, Bouchard and his team reached a surprising
conclusion(结论). They concluded that intelligence was mostly connected to genes rather
than to training or education. It seemed the differences in family and environment had
little effect.
However, genes can􀆳t control everything, argues geneticist Danielle Reed, who also
studies twins. Reed􀆳s research shows that though nothing can truly change our DNA,
environmental differences that a child experiences before birth and in their first year can
sometimes affect the way the DNA behaves, making even identical twins into very
different people. “What I like to say is that Mother Nature writes some things in pencil
and some things in pen,” she explains. “Things written in pen you can􀆳t change. That􀆳s
DNA. But things written in pencil you can.”
69.How many physical similarities between the Jim twins are mentioned?
A.2.B.3. C.4. D.5.
70.What did Bouchard􀆳s study find about the twins?
A.Each seemed to be as tall as their twin.
B.Each had the same hobby as their twin.
C.Each had almost the same ability as their twin.
D.Each had about the same IQ level as their twin.
71.What is Reed􀆳s opinion about genes and environment?
A.Only DNA has an effect on our development.
B.Environment could possibly change some things about us.
C.There are no boundaries between genes and environment.
D.Environmental differences can sometimes change our DNA.
72.What is the passage mainly about?
A.The way the DNA behaves.
B.The similarities between the Jim twins.
C.The connection between intelligence and families.
D.The effects of genes on personality and intelligence.
B)请先阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后根据短文内容从下面方框内的七个选项中选择五
个还原到文中,使短文意思通顺、结构完整。一空一句。(每小题2分)
The Value of Negative Results
We all avoid failure(失败), and most of us fear it. However, without failure, progress
would be impossible. What does success usually come after? Failure. It seems that one
cannot exist(存在) without the other.
Accepting failure is not easy for many, though. We are often unwilling to accept
failure because our professional fame depends on success. 73 In the past ten years,
for example, some scientific magazines have published reports of failed tests. It is
believed that scientists can learn from “negative(负面的)” results and that this can finally
lead to positive results.
74 The ABN AMRO Bank started an Institute(机构) of Brilliant Failures to learn
more about what works and what doesn􀆳t in banking. Similarly, Eli Lilly and Company
had failure parties to study the drugs(药物) that don􀆳t work.
In fact, one of the business world􀆳s most famous failures became one of its biggest
successes, in part because the product􀆳s makers learned from their mistakes. 75 The
product, though unique(独特的) at the time, was expensive and heavy;besides, some of its
most important features(特点) didn􀆳t work properly. As a result, it became one ofApple􀆳s biggest failures, and in 1998, the company stopped selling it. However, Apple􀆳s
CEO, Steve Jobs, believed in the product and he began to find out ways of improving it.
In time, this led to the production of the iPhone and the iPad, two of the company􀆳s
most successful products.
76 Not only should we try to learn from it;if we want to succeed, we must also
be persistent(执着的).Though Apple stopped selling the Newton in 1998, the first iPhone
wasn􀆳t available until 2007. It took a lot of research and hard work to go from the
Apple Newton to iPhone, but in the end, the effort became successful.
All in all, there is a lot we can learn by studying mistakes. Perhaps the most
important lesson is that failure and success are two sides of the same coin. 77
A.One truly cannot exist without the other.
B.We are brave enough to face difficulties.
C.In the early 1990s, Apple created a phone called the Apple Newton.
D.The business world already understands the value of negative results.
E.The Apple Newton has won popularity with people all over the world.
F.However, things are slowly changing, especially in business and science.
G.The story of the Apple Newton can teach us an important lesson about failure.
五、补全对话(5分)
请阅读下面对话,根据对话内容从下面方框内的七个选项中选择五个填入空白处,使对话
通顺、合理,意思完整。一空一句。(每小题1分)
(Jack and Reem are talking in front of the house. Jack=J Reem=R)
J: Hey, Reem. 78 What􀆳s wrong?
R:I􀆳ve fallen out(闹翻)with Lee!
J: I can􀆳t believe that. Calm down! 79
R: Well, you know we were planning to go horse riding in the summer holidays.
J: Yes.
R: Well, it􀆳s not going to happen! He said his friend has invited him to visit him and
his family in the USA this summer.
J: Well, that􀆳s not so bad! He probably thought it was a good chance. 80
R: I know, but I was really looking forward to learning to ride! Anyway, we argued, and
he hasn􀆳t spoken to me all day!
J: Look, Reem, it􀆳s not the end of the world. He􀆳s probably upset at the moment, too.
81
R: Good idea. He usually listens to you.
J: Cheer up! 82 And Lee is, too!
R: Yes, I know. Thanks, Jack.
A.What happened?
B.You look upset.
C.I can talk to him.
D.I􀆳m still your friend.
E.What􀆳s your idea for that?
F.You can go horse riding with others.
G.I􀆳m sure he didn􀆳t want to hurt your feelings.
六、书面表达(15分)
失败乃成功之母。本卷阅读理解B部分文章讨论了失败对于获取成功具有重要的价值。
请你根据下面提示,写一篇英语短文,谈谈你如何借鉴Apple的成功经验,采取有效行动,变失
败为成功。
写作要点:
1.What have you learned from Apple􀆳s story?
2.Have you ever experienced a failure? What was it?
3.What will you do to turn it into a success?
要求:
1.短文应包括提示中所有的写作要点,条理清楚,行文连贯,可适当发挥;2.短文中不能出现真实的人名和地名;
3.词数不少于80。
10 江西省2021年初中学业水平考试
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
B B D A C D A C A
30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38
B A C B A D C B C
39 40 41 42 43 55 56 57 58
D A B D C B A D C
59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67
A D B A D C A C C
68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76
B C D B D F D C G
77 78 79 80 81 82
A B A G C D
二、单项填空
21.B 本题考查名词词义辨析。根据上文可知,腿看起来很糟,需要派人去请医生,故答案选
B。
22.B 本题考查时态。根据上句可知,此刻的噪音是John正在练习演奏小提琴发出的,故答
案选B。
23.D 本题考查副词词义辨析。根据下文她似乎从不犯错可知,她工作很细心,故答案选D。
24.A 本题考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“这些美丽的动物濒临灭绝”可知,我们必须拯救
它们,故答案选A。
25.C 本题考查连词。根据前一句可知,没有公交车去海滩,因此除非你有汽车,否则很难到
那里,故答案选C。
26.D 本题考查时态。根据下文“难道你之前没在听吗?”可知,动作已经发生,我已经告诉过
你了,应用现在完成时,故答案选D。
27.A 本题考查形容词比较级。前句“我宁愿乘出租车”说明选择两者间较快的交通方式,
故用比较级;乘出租车费用较贵,故排除了B选项,故答案选A。
28.C 本题考查语态和时态。He与interview之间是被动关系,根据他变得很出名可知采访
发生在过去,故用一般过去时的被动语态,故选C。
三、完形填空
A)
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文,介绍了蜘蛛网坚韧的特征,蜘蛛如何利用网来捕食,以及科学家对
网的研究。
29.A 上句讲它们几乎没有重量,下句中又提到有些蜘蛛织的网是世界上最强有力的材料之
一,因此它们比钢更有力,故选A。
30.B 设空处前后是转折关系,有些蜘蛛网很强有力,但是可以被拉伸得比橡皮筋更长,故选
B。
31.A 蜘蛛网可以被拉伸,也可以是任何形状,所以很神奇,故选A。
32.C 蜘蛛分泌的液体在空气中成为细小的丝,这些细丝再聚到一起成为单根的线,故选C。
33.B 根据下文列举的蜘蛛织网的不同目的,以及本段最后一句中的The most common
purpose(最为常见的目的)可知,这里选B。
34.A 此处讲蜘蛛织网的目的,故应该是给自己提供躲避场所,故选A。
35.D 根据下文的例子可知,本段及下一段介绍蜘蛛如何使用不同的方法来捕食,故选D。36.C 这里指昆虫坐在蜘蛛丝上,并没有意识到它是做什么的,故选C。
37.B 这是指昆虫被粘住了,这里用stick的过去分词作形容词,用在becomes后面,形成系表
结构,故选B。
38.C 这里指蜘蛛捕食的动作很快,突然就用丝把昆虫网住了,与上文的Slowly形成对比,故
选C。
39.D 根据下一句中的cheat(欺骗)可知,此处指一些蜘蛛用另一种花招,故选D。
40.A 昆虫看到蜘蛛网以为是朵花,就落在上面,这个动作让蜘蛛感觉到了动静,故选A。
41.B 这里引导时间状语从句,表示动作发生的先后顺序,指蜘蛛在昆虫能逃走之前就向它冲
过去,故选B。
42.D 根据后文可知,蜘蛛网如此神奇以至于科学家研究它们多年,故选D。
43.C 根据However可知,目前科学家还没有完全研究出来,蜘蛛仍然保守它们的秘密,故选
C。
B)
[语篇解读] 本文是说明文,介绍了光污染问题以及科学家研究并采取的防范策略。
44.pollution 根据前文“灯光布满城市上空”和第二、三段出现的light pollution可知,此处
表示“这被称为光污染”,故此处需要填名词pollution。
45.stars 前文提到在电灯出现之前,人们可以看到大约2,500颗星星,而现在城市里的人们只
能看到大约10颗,故此处用star的复数形式。
46.see 因为光,我们能看见东西,情态动词can后面用动词原形。
47.good 前文介绍光的好处,由But可知,此处介绍坏处,光并不总是好的,be动词后面用形容
词good。
48.to rest 我们需要黑暗的时间来休息,这里为need sth. to do sth.结构。
49.how 用how来引导宾语从句,指一些科学家担忧光如何影响我们的健康。
50.stop 结合下文可知,科学家正在找方法阻止光污染,stop与宾语light pollution形成搭配。
51.towards 介词towards意为“朝着某个方向”,这里是指街灯上的灯罩将光聚集,朝向地面。
52.up 与上句联系,此处表示阻止了光朝上射入空中,从而避免光污染。
53.small 用形容词修饰后面的名词change,指给街灯安装灯罩是一个小小的改变。
54.still 改变虽小,但仍然有着正面的影响。
四、阅读理解
A)
A
[语篇解读] 本文是一张2021年8月举行的艺术节的宣传海报。
55.B 细节理解题。PERFORMANCE这一部分介绍了有关A Cat􀆳s Mind演出的信息,根
据演出日期的信息可知选B。
56.A 细节理解题。根据CONCERT部分的$80(adult)可知,成人票价是每人80美元,故选
A。
57.D 细节理解题。根据PERFORMANCE部分可知演出者为young people,而不是A
group of children,故排除A项;根据CONCERT中第一句中的two-time Prima Music Prize
winner可知,Fawkins获奖两次,而不是一次,故排除B项;根据VIDEO中第一句可知,节目的表
演者为students,而不是parents,故排除C项;根据CONCERT中第二句可知,Fawkins的最新
CD将在音乐会上出售,故选D。
B
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了英国冒险家Alastair Humphreys从事并倡导大家进
行微冒险的故事。
58.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的went hiking with a friend around the M25—a 188-
kilometer road that goes all the way around London和swimming in the River Thames,
sleeping outside on a hill, 以及第三段中的going away for a weekend可以判断,②③④⑥
这四项属于微冒险,故选C。
59.A 推理判断题。根据第一段中Humphreys曾骑车周游世界、步行穿越印度等,可推断出
他勇敢的性格;在一年的时间里他又开始在国内尝试各类小型且花费较少的微冒险,并通过录
制短视频进行分享来鼓励别人探索和挑战新的活动,可见他是一个积极活跃又富有创造力的
人,故选A。
60.D 主旨大意题。全篇讲述了一位英国冒险家尝试并带领大家进行微冒险的故事,故选
D。
C[语篇解读] 本文为说明文,介绍了不同种类的狗有着独有的外貌、天赋,在人类社会中扮演
着独有的角色,并举了三个具体的例子。
61.B 主旨大意题。本段第一句为段落的中心句,本段介绍了医院用经过专门训练的狗来给
病人带来关爱和欢乐,并举例说明。故选B。
62.A 词义猜测题。根据上下文可知,很多种野生犬几乎在世界上消失了,而驯养的犬成了
“人类最好的朋友”,这种特殊的身份使得它们能够在人类世界中继续生存下去,故选A。
63.D 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段可知,不同种类的狗都有各自的外貌和天赋,在人类社会
中以不同的角色存在着,下文列举了不同种类的狗在很多方面帮助着人类,所以作者的写作目
的就是展示狗与人类之间的良好关系,故选D。
64.C 篇章结构题。第一段是总体介绍不同种类的狗在人类社会中的角色;第二至四段分别
说明不同类型的狗,如医院治疗犬、机场小猎犬、家庭宠物狗,所以这三段是并列关系;最后
一段进行了总结,狗在很多方面能够帮助人类,是人类最好的朋友,这一特殊地位使它们得以
在人类世界中生存。故选C。
D
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了被历史学家誉为“当代工程学之父”的工程师al-
Jazari以及他发明的一台报时钟。
65.A 推理判断题。根据第四段可知,很多现代的日常用品都采用了al-Jazari的创意,甚至现
代的机器人都以他制作的含运转部件的机器为基础。故选A。
66.C 推理判断题。前句讲他写了一本书,后句补充说其中包括钟和洗手机。由此推知,空缺
处应讲书里面描写了大量的各种形状和大小的机器,故选C。
67.C 词义猜测题。这个词与上句联系紧密,就是指碗里的水装满了并且完全沉下去了这件
事,故选C。
68.B 细节理解题。此题需根据文章第六到第九段描述的整个机器的运转过程仔细分析。
第六段讲碗里蓄水慢慢下沉带动绳子拉动人像,第七段讲每三十分钟碗中蓄满水并完全沉没
导致小球从顶部落下,第八段讲小球又从猎鹰嘴里落入龙嘴,第九段讲小球从龙嘴掉入花瓶,
然后骑象者移动发出响声。故选B。
E
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。科学家和遗传学家通过对双胞胎们进行研究,发现基因是
决定性格、智力及其他差异的主要因素,环境、教育等因素影响较小。
69.C 细节理解题。根据第二段第三、四句可知,这对双胞胎在身高、体重、笑容和嗓音四
个身体方面相似,故选C。
70.D 细节理解题。根据第四段的内容可知,Bouchard研究了137对分开生活的双胞胎,比较
了他们的智商后发现,智力的决定因素主要是基因,而不是后天的教育和训练。由此可知,双
胞胎的智商几乎一样,故选D。
71.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,Reed研究发现尽管基因没办法被改变,但孩子出生
以前及出生后一年内经历的环境差异会影响到基因的表现形式,也就是会改变我们身上的某
些东西。故选B。
72.D 主旨大意题。本文主要讲科学家和遗传学家通过对双胞胎们进行研究,发现人的性格
和智力主要受到基因的影响,后天环境影响较小,故选D。
B)
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇议论文,通过列举苹果公司早期研发产品经历了失败,但从失败中学
习,并坚持不懈改进产品,最终取得成功的故事来证明失败与成功相辅相成的关系。
73.F 前句讲人们不愿意接受失败,后面举例说明科学家们可以从“负面”结果中学习,从而
获取正面的结果,故设空处应与前句是转折关系,F项(然而,事情正在慢慢改变,特别是在商业
和科学两个领域。)符合此处语境,故选F。
74.D 根据下文举的两个例子可知,本段是用商业领域的事例来说明人们已经理解了“负
面”结果的价值,即失败的重要性,与F项中的especially in business and science呼应,故选
D。
75.C 根据下文的The product及Apple可知,此处要提到苹果公司早期的一款产品,故从
C、E、G中选;此处应是第一次出现Apple Newton这个产品名称,故选C。
76.G 根据下文“如果想成功,我们不仅应该试图从失败中学习,而且必须非常执着”可知,
此处应承上启下,表达上述故事给我们上了关于失败的重要一课,故选G。
77.A 最后一段是总结,失败与成功是同一硬币的两面,它们之间是互相依存的关系。此处与
第一段最后一句呼应,故选A。
五、补全对话
[语篇解读] 这是Reem在因为和好友Lee发生了矛盾而很沮丧的时候,Jack作为两人好友来
安慰Reem的一段对话。
78.B 根据下句What􀆳s wrong?可以推断出,Jack看出了Reem不开心,故选B。79.A 由上文得知Reem和Lee闹翻了,下文解释了整件事情,所以此处应是Jack在询问发生
了什么。
80.G 根据前句“他也许认为那是个好机会”及答语I know可知,此处是Jack在说“他这
样做并不是想伤害你的感情”。
81.C 根据下文答语可知,此处是Jack说他会和Lee谈谈。
82.D 根据后一句And Lee is, too!可知,Jack在安慰Reem,说“我仍然是你的朋友,Lee也
是”。
六、书面表达
写作提示
本文需以第一人称为主。第一段谈从事例中学到的经验;第二段结合自身生活实际,描述
一次失败体验,用一般过去时;第三段谈将怎么做以使自己反败为胜;第四段表达希望。
参考范文
Failure can lead to success.We should study it and learn why we make mistakes, and
then find ways to solve our problems. Also, we should never give up!
I once tried out for a speech competition. I practiced it many times.Unexpectedly, I
failed. I􀆳ve never spoken in front of the public ever since.
Apple􀆳s story is quite an inspiration for me. What can I do to make it?First, be
confident and try to speak in public places. Second, ask my teachers or friends for some
advice and improve my language skills. Finally, be persistent and practice speeches over
and over again.
I􀆳m sure I will succeed some day.