ARTICLE · 1084480
六级真题|2023年12月第2套(放权育儿+养老模式翻译)
六级真题|2023年12月第2套(放权育儿+养老模式翻译)本篇范围：2023 年 12 月大学英语六级考试真题 第 2 套——写作（指定开头句型）＋ 翻译（中国养老模式）。
本套在四天周期中的位置：第 2 天。四天周期＝第 1 天第 1 套 → 第 2 天第 2 套 → 第 3 天第 3 套 → 第 4 天三套写译全文总结。
素材来源：用户提供的《六级真题2021-2026年6月一键打印版(1).pdf》扫描页 p163（写作，页脚「2023 年 12 月英语六级真题第 2 套 第 1 页 共 9 页」）与 p171（翻译，页脚「第 9 页 共 9 页」）。
取材说明：该 PDF 前 179 页无文本层（纯扫描），年份检索会落空，本套内容经逐页渲染读图核验后抄录，题干与译文原文完整、无删改。
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay that begins with the sentence “Nowadays parents are increasingly aware that allowing kids more freedom to explore and learn on their own helps foster their independence and boost their confidence.” You can make comments, cite examples or use your personal experiences to develop your essay. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.
本题的两个硬约束（务必看清）
① 必须以指定句「Nowadays parents are increasingly aware that allowing kids more freedom to explore and learn on their own helps foster their independence and boost their confidence.」起笔——这是「指定开头句」题型，不能另起一个自己的开头。
② 词数区间是 150—200 词（原文 at least 150 words but no more than 200 words）。⚠ 注意：词数按「不含指定句」计算，指定句本身约占 27 词，如果把它算进去，很容易超出 200 词上限。
③ 题干允许 make comments, cite examples or use your personal experiences，但按既定口径，一律不用带专业背景的个人事例，本篇三篇范文统一采用通用论证与公共事例，任何专业背景的读者都能直接套用。
三个分论点的「不同句法」是从哪里来的
· 论点 1 用 there is no doubt that 引出，最稳。
· 论点 2 改用 Equally important is the fact that（倒装强调）或 Another source of value lies in（名词性主语），避免重复论点 1 的句型。
· 论点 3 改用 Beyond the individual level（介词短语状语前置）或 What this example reveals is that（主语从句），把视野抬高一层。
· 三篇之间也要错开：范文三作为模板版，固定用模板自带的 three-part 引导，但把「there is no doubt」换成「there is little room for doubt」、把「no one can deny」换成「no sensible person would deny」，即同义替换而非照抄。
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
【中文原文，完整照录，一字未删】
在中国，随着老龄化社会的到来，养老受到普遍关注。人们谈论最多的是应当采取什么样的养老模式。多数人认为，养老模式需要多元化。可以通过政府引导和社会参与，建立更多更好的养老服务机构，改进社区服务中心，鼓励居家自助养老，还可以推行家庭养老与社会养老相结合的模式。随着政府和社会对养老服务事业投入的持续增加，养老设施将不断升级、服务质量逐步改进，老年人的生活将会更加方便舒适、健康快乐。
In China, with the arrival of an ageing society, elderly care has received widespread attention. What people talk about most is what kind of elderly care model should be adopted. Most people believe that elderly care models need to be diversified. Through government guidance and social participation, more and better elderly care service institutions can be established, community service centres improved, home-based self-help care encouraged, and a model combining family care with social care can also be promoted. With the continuous increase in government and social investment in elderly care, care facilities will be continuously upgraded, service quality gradually improved, and the lives of the elderly will become more convenient and comfortable, healthy and happy.
In China, as society ages, care for the elderly has drawn broad public attention. The question most widely discussed is what model of elderly care should be adopted. Most respondents hold that elderly care should be provided in diverse forms. With government guidance and public participation, more and better care institutions can be built and community service centres upgraded; home-based self-care can be encouraged, and a model that combines family support with social care can be promoted as well. As government and society keep investing more in elderly care, facilities will be continually upgraded and services steadily improved, so that older people can live more conveniently, more comfortably and more healthily.
⚠「通顺」不等于「完整」——这是翻译评分中最隐蔽的失分方式。以下这些成分绝对不能因为「读着顺」就省掉：
· 「在中国」的「在」——必须译出 In China
· 「随着老龄化社会的到来」的「到来」——the arrival of
· 「普遍关注」的「普遍」——widespread / broad
· 「谈论最多的」的最高级
· 「应当采取」的情态 + 被动——should be adopted
· 「更多更好的」的两个比较级——more and better
· 「还可以推行」的递进语气
· 「投入的持续增加」的 continuous
· 「不断升级」与「逐步改进」是两个不同的副词（continuously / gradually），不能都译成 more
· 「到某年」「高达」「之一」这类具体信息，一律不能压缩成笼统概括。
本套在四天周期中的位置：第 2 天。四天周期＝第 1 天第 1 套 → 第 2 天第 2 套 → 第 3 天第 3 套 → 第 4 天三套写译全文总结。
素材来源：用户提供的《六级真题2021-2026年6月一键打印版(1).pdf》扫描页 p163（写作，页脚「2023 年 12 月英语六级真题第 2 套 第 1 页 共 9 页」）与 p171（翻译，页脚「第 9 页 共 9 页」）。
取材说明：该 PDF 前 179 页无文本层（纯扫描），年份检索会落空，本套内容经逐页渲染读图核验后抄录，题干与译文原文完整、无删改。
一、写作官方原题（完整照录）
① 必须以指定句「Nowadays parents are increasingly aware that allowing kids more freedom to explore and learn on their own helps foster their independence and boost their confidence.」起笔——这是「指定开头句」题型，不能另起一个自己的开头。
② 词数区间是 150—200 词（原文 at least 150 words but no more than 200 words）。⚠ 注意：词数按「不含指定句」计算，指定句本身约占 27 词，如果把它算进去，很容易超出 200 词上限。
③ 题干允许 make comments, cite examples or use your personal experiences，但按既定口径，一律不用带专业背景的个人事例，本篇三篇范文统一采用通用论证与公共事例，任何专业背景的读者都能直接套用。
二、三篇完整范文
三篇用三种不同的论证路径写同一个题目，且句式骨相互不相同：
| 篇目 | 论证路径 | 第 2 段三个分论点 |
|---|---|---|
| 范文一（自创） | 从「能力从哪里来」切入，层层递进 | ① 自主探索培养判断力 ② 自主空间塑造面对挫折的方式 ③ 放到群体层面看责任感的养成 |
| 范文二（自创） | 从「自信与独立的形成机制」切入，偏解释性 | ① 自信来自亲身完成的证据 ② 责任的转移 ③ 自由不等于放任，而是另一种引导 |
| 范文三（瑞思拜模板） | 套用「现象解释类」模板骨架，做同义替换 | ① 判断力无法由灌输替代 ② 自主与自信互相强化 ③ 把能力带入成年生活 |
范文一（自创 · 能力从哪里来）
Nowadays parents are increasingly aware that allowing kids more freedom to explore and learn on their own helps foster their independence and boost their confidence. I firmly agree with this view, because giving children room to explore is not a relaxation of parenting but a necessary condition for genuine independence.
First and foremost, there is no doubt that unsupervised exploration builds practical judgement that no instruction can replace. A child allowed to plan a small trip alone must weigh risks and live with results. Equally important is the fact that early autonomy shapes how a young person handles setbacks. A child with room to try again learns that failure is information rather than judgement, whereas one whose every step is directed equates mistakes with disapproval. Beyond the individual level, this freedom prepares a generation that can act responsibly unsupervised, for only when children decide for themselves can they take charge of their learning.
In short, this shift in parenting is a transfer of responsibility rather than a loss of care. What parents give up in control, they gain in long-term capability. If we spare no efforts to trust children with room to grow, the future of the next generation will be rosy.
First and foremost, there is no doubt that unsupervised exploration builds practical judgement that no instruction can replace. A child allowed to plan a small trip alone must weigh risks and live with results. Equally important is the fact that early autonomy shapes how a young person handles setbacks. A child with room to try again learns that failure is information rather than judgement, whereas one whose every step is directed equates mistakes with disapproval. Beyond the individual level, this freedom prepares a generation that can act responsibly unsupervised, for only when children decide for themselves can they take charge of their learning.
In short, this shift in parenting is a transfer of responsibility rather than a loss of care. What parents give up in control, they gain in long-term capability. If we spare no efforts to trust children with room to grow, the future of the next generation will be rosy.
范文二（自创 · 自信与独立的形成机制）
Nowadays parents are increasingly aware that allowing kids more freedom to explore and learn on their own helps foster their independence and boost their confidence. This observation is well grounded, since independence and confidence are learned behaviours, not gifts.
The clearest explanation lies in the way confidence is actually formed. Confidence grows from evidence, and the most convincing evidence is having done something difficult alone. A child who chooses her own reading material, however modest, accumulates such evidence week by week, whereas a closely managed child accumulates only approval. Another source of value lies in the transfer of responsibility. A self-directed child learns to notice what she does not yet understand and to seek help at the right moment. What this freedom finally produces is not a child left alone but one who can act responsibly without being watched.
Taken together, freedom does not mean absence of guidance but a different order of it. Responsible action becomes visible when parents step back while staying available. In conclusion, early independence should be encouraged rather than feared. If we spare no efforts to give children the room they need to grow, the future of these children will be both hopeful and rosy.
The clearest explanation lies in the way confidence is actually formed. Confidence grows from evidence, and the most convincing evidence is having done something difficult alone. A child who chooses her own reading material, however modest, accumulates such evidence week by week, whereas a closely managed child accumulates only approval. Another source of value lies in the transfer of responsibility. A self-directed child learns to notice what she does not yet understand and to seek help at the right moment. What this freedom finally produces is not a child left alone but one who can act responsibly without being watched.
Taken together, freedom does not mean absence of guidance but a different order of it. Responsible action becomes visible when parents step back while staying available. In conclusion, early independence should be encouraged rather than feared. If we spare no efforts to give children the room they need to grow, the future of these children will be both hopeful and rosy.
范文三（瑞思拜模板 · 同义替换版）
In the contemporary world, parents letting children explore and learn independently has become increasingly important. It is highly advisable for caregivers to grant children more freedom in learning. Reasons and concrete evidence to support my viewpoint are as follows.
First and foremost, there is little room for doubt that independent exploration cultivates judgement that instruction alone cannot provide. Based on big data, a majority of successful social elites have admitted that they have spent two-thirds of their time in learning through trial and error. Furthermore, it is self-evident that autonomy and confidence reinforce each other. Where there is room to decide, there is confidence to act.
Last but not least, no sensible person would deny that a child who manages her own learning carries that competence into adult life. The more often a young person makes her own choices, the more capable she becomes of making sound ones. In conclusion, early independence should be encouraged rather than feared. If we spare no efforts to give children the room they need to grow, the future of the next generation will be both hopeful and rosy.
First and foremost, there is little room for doubt that independent exploration cultivates judgement that instruction alone cannot provide. Based on big data, a majority of successful social elites have admitted that they have spent two-thirds of their time in learning through trial and error. Furthermore, it is self-evident that autonomy and confidence reinforce each other. Where there is room to decide, there is confidence to act.
Last but not least, no sensible person would deny that a child who manages her own learning carries that competence into adult life. The more often a young person makes her own choices, the more capable she becomes of making sound ones. In conclusion, early independence should be encouraged rather than feared. If we spare no efforts to give children the room they need to grow, the future of the next generation will be both hopeful and rosy.
三、第二段「三论点」句式差异分析
三篇范文的第二段都必须塞进三个分论点，但不能机械重复 First / Second / Third。下面把每一篇三个论点的引导句式摊开对照，你可以看出它们刻意用了不同的骨架：
| 位置 | 范文一 | 范文二 | 范文三（模板） |
|---|---|---|---|
| 论点 1 引导 | First and foremost, there is no doubt that ... | The clearest explanation lies in the way ... | First and foremost, there is little room for doubt that ... |
| 论点 2 引导 | Equally important is the fact that ... | Another source of value lies in ... | Furthermore, it is self-evident that ... |
| 论点 3 引导 | Beyond the individual level, ... | What this example reveals is that ... | Last but not least, no sensible person would deny that ... |
| 论证手法 | 对比（自主 vs 被管束） | 因果链（证据 → 信心 → 责任） | 数据＋条件＋递进（big data / where there is / the more ... the more） |
· 论点 1 用 there is no doubt that 引出，最稳。
· 论点 2 改用 Equally important is the fact that（倒装强调）或 Another source of value lies in（名词性主语），避免重复论点 1 的句型。
· 论点 3 改用 Beyond the individual level（介词短语状语前置）或 What this example reveals is that（主语从句），把视野抬高一层。
· 三篇之间也要错开：范文三作为模板版，固定用模板自带的 three-part 引导，但把「there is no doubt」换成「there is little room for doubt」、把「no one can deny」换成「no sensible person would deny」，即同义替换而非照抄。
四、紫色功能句一览（换题可原样迁移）
下面这些句子是「句骨架」——把主题词换掉就能直接用于别的题目。这就是为什么它们被标成紫色：
| 功能 | 功能句（紫色部分） | 换题怎么用 |
|---|---|---|
| 引出观点 | I firmly agree with this view, because ... is not ... but a necessary condition for ... | 把 because 后面的名词换成任何主题词 |
| 论点 1 | First and foremost, there is no doubt that ... builds ... that no instruction can replace. | 「A 培养出 B 无法替代的 C」是万能结构 |
| 论点 2 | Equally important is the fact that ... shapes how a young person handles ... | 把 handles 的宾语换成任何「面对的情境」 |
| 论点 3 | Beyond the individual level, this ... prepares a generation that can ... without supervision. | 从个人层面抬到群体层面，是拔高句 |
| 强调条件 | Only when ... can they later ... | 倒装强调句，用于结论段前一句 |
| 结尾 | What this example reveals is that ... | 主语从句收束，避免再用 I think |
| 行动句 | Responsible action becomes visible when ... | 「当……时，负责任的行为才可见」万能拔高 |
| 模板结尾 | In conclusion, ... If we spare no efforts to ..., the future of ... will be both hopeful and rosy. | 瑞思拜模板结尾，换主题词即可 |
五、挖空模板（自己填主题词再写一遍）
把方括号里的内容换成新题目的主题词，就是一篇成型的范文框架：
Paragraph 1（引入 + 中心判断）
[Given opening sentence] I firmly agree with this view, because
[动名词短语] is not [表面现象] but a necessary condition for [核心价值].
Paragraph 2（三个分论点，句式必须各不相同）
First and foremost, there is no doubt that [论点1] builds [结果] that no instruction can replace.
[一句具体说明，含一个 who 定语从句].
Equally important is the fact that [论点2] shapes how [主体] handles [情境].
[用 When ... / By contrast ... 造一组正反对比].
Beyond the individual level, [论点3] prepares a generation that can [能力] without supervision.
Only when [条件] can they later [结果].
Paragraph 3（总结 + 行动）
What this example reveals is that [本质判断].
Responsible action becomes visible when [条件].
In conclusion, [重申观点]. If we spare no efforts to [践行方式],
the future of [对象] will be both hopeful and rosy.
六、新题迁移练习
用上面的模板框架，把主题换掉，各写一篇 150—200 词的三段式作文（写完可对照第四节的功能句表自查）：
| 题目 | 主题词替换方向 | 可复用的功能句 |
|---|---|---|
| 大学生应否主动参与社会实践 | independence → real-world experience；kids → college students | 论点 1 用「实践培养课堂无法替代的判断力」；论点 3 抬到「社会层面」 |
| 父母是否应该为孩子规划一切 | freedom → self-direction；parents → caregivers | 直接复用范文二的正反对比句（When ... / By contrast ...） |
| 人工智能时代如何保持独立思考 | exploration → critical thinking；kids → learners | 论证 1 换成「判断力无法由算法替代」；结尾保留 Only when ... can ... |
七、翻译官方原题（完整照录）
【中文原文，完整照录，一字未删】
在中国，随着老龄化社会的到来，养老受到普遍关注。人们谈论最多的是应当采取什么样的养老模式。多数人认为，养老模式需要多元化。可以通过政府引导和社会参与，建立更多更好的养老服务机构，改进社区服务中心，鼓励居家自助养老，还可以推行家庭养老与社会养老相结合的模式。随着政府和社会对养老服务事业投入的持续增加，养老设施将不断升级、服务质量逐步改进，老年人的生活将会更加方便舒适、健康快乐。
八、逐句拆解（每句六个维度）
翻译的失分从来不是「看不懂」，而是漏信息、错时态、词不达意。下面把全文五句逐句拆开，每句都给：信息骨架、稳妥对应译法、更自然的译法、可替换词、时态判断、信息遗漏检查。
第 1 句
【中文原句】在中国，随着老龄化社会的到来，养老受到普遍关注。
① 信息骨架：在中国 / 随着老龄化社会的到来 / 养老 / 受到 / 普遍关注
② 稳妥对应译法：In China, with the arrival of an ageing society, elderly care has received widespread attention.
③ 更自然的译法：In China, as society ages, care for the elderly has drawn broad public attention.
④ 可替换词／短语：随着……的到来 = with the arrival/coming of, as ... arrives, with the advent of；受到普遍关注 = has received/drawn widespread attention, has attracted broad attention
⑤ 时态判断：「随着……的到来」用 with + 名词 或 as + 从句皆可；主句「受到关注」是已完成状态，用现在完成时 has received。⚠ 「老龄化社会」译为 an ageing society，不要写成 old people society。
⑥ 信息遗漏检查：「在中国」必须译出 In China；「普遍关注」的「普遍」不可省，要译出 widespread/broad；「养老」不是简单的 old age，而是 elderly care / care for the elderly。
第 2 句
【中文原句】人们谈论最多的是应当采取什么样的养老模式。
① 信息骨架：人们 / 谈论最多的 / 是 / 应当采取 / 什么样的 / 养老模式
② 稳妥对应译法：What people talk about most is what kind of elderly care model should be adopted.
③ 更自然的译法：The question most widely discussed is what model of elderly care should be adopted.
④ 可替换词／短语：谈论最多 = talk about most / most widely discussed；养老模式 = elderly care model / model of elderly care；采取 = adopt / take
⑤ 时态判断：主句用一般现在时表普遍状况；从句「应当采取」用 should be adopted（被动 + 情态），不要写成 should adopt（会丢掉「被采取」的意思）。
⑥ 信息遗漏检查：⭐ 本句最大失分点是「应当采取」——必须是被动 should be adopted，因为「养老模式」是被采取的对象，不是去采取别人。另注意「……的是……」用 What ... is ... 或 The question ... is ... 结构，不能平铺成 People talk about what kind of model。
第 3 句
【中文原句】多数人认为，养老模式需要多元化。
① 信息骨架：多数人 / 认为 / 养老模式 / 需要 / 多元化
② 稳妥对应译法：Most people believe that elderly care models need to be diversified.
③ 更自然的译法：Most respondents hold that elderly care should be provided in diverse forms.
④ 可替换词／短语：多数人 = most people / the majority of people；认为 = believe / hold / maintain；多元化 = be diversified / be diverse / take diverse forms
⑤ 时态判断：主句一般现在时；宾语从句「需要多元化」可用 need to be diversified 或 should be diversified。
⑥ 信息遗漏检查：「多元化」不能只写 varied（那只是「多样的」，丢掉「变得多元」的动感）；建议 need to be diversified 或 take diverse forms。⚠ 注意「养老模式」在本句出现了（English: elderly care models），与上句的单数 model 可数变化要一致。
第 4 句
【中文原句】可以通过政府引导和社会参与，建立更多更好的养老服务机构，改进社区服务中心，鼓励居家自助养老，还可以推行家庭养老与社会养老相结合的模式。
① 信息骨架：可以通过 / 政府引导 / 和社会参与 / 建立更多更好的养老服务机构 / 改进社区服务中心 / 鼓励居家自助养老 / 还可以推行 / 家庭养老与社会养老相结合的 / 模式
② 稳妥对应译法：Through government guidance and social participation, more and better elderly care service institutions can be established, community service centres improved, home-based self-help care encouraged, and a model combining family care with social care can also be promoted.
③ 更自然的译法：With government guidance and public participation, more and better care institutions can be built and community service centres upgraded; home-based self-care can be encouraged, and a model that combines family support with social care can be promoted as well.
④ 可替换词／短语：政府引导 = government guidance/leadership；社会参与 = social/public participation；养老服务机构 = elderly care service institutions；改进 = improve/upgrade；居家自助养老 = home-based self-help care / ageing in place with self-care；推行 = promote/implement；相结合 = combine ... with ...
⑤ 时态判断：整句是并列的多个被动措施，统一用 can be + 过去分词（can be established / improved / encouraged / promoted），保持平行。⚠ 「建立更多更好的」应译出 more and better，不能只写 more。
⑥ 信息遗漏检查：⭐⭐ 本句是全文最长的一句，四个并列动作（建立、改进、鼓励、推行）必须都译出来，一个都不能漏；「政府引导和社会参与」是两个并列名词，不能只译其一；「居家自助养老」的「自助」不能省，要体现 self-help / self-care；「家庭养老与社会养老相结合」要用 combining ... with ... 或 that combines ... with ...，不能用 and 简单连接。
第 5 句
【中文原句】随着政府和社会对养老服务事业投入的持续增加，养老设施将不断升级、服务质量逐步改进，老年人的生活将会更加方便舒适、健康快乐。
① 信息骨架：随着 / 政府和社会 / 对养老服务事业投入的 / 持续增加 / 养老设施 / 将不断升级 / 服务质量 / 逐步改进 / 老年人的生活 / 将会更加方便舒适、健康快乐
② 稳妥对应译法：With the continuous increase in government and social investment in elderly care, care facilities will be continuously upgraded, service quality gradually improved, and the lives of the elderly will become more convenient and comfortable, healthy and happy.
③ 更自然的译法：As government and society keep investing more in elderly care, facilities will be continually upgraded and services steadily improved, so that older people can live more conveniently, more comfortably and more healthily.
④ 可替换词／短语：持续增加 = continuous increase / keep increasing；投入 = investment/input；不断升级 = be continuously upgraded；逐步改进 = be gradually/steadily improved；方便舒适、健康快乐 = convenient and comfortable, healthy and happy
⑤ 时态判断：「随着」引导的背景用 with + 名词 或 as + 从句；主句三个分句统一用一般将来时（will be upgraded / will be improved / will become），因为它们描述的是未来的发展趋势。⚠ 不要误用现在完成时。
⑥ 信息遗漏检查：⭐ 「持续增加」的「持续」和「不断升级」的「不断」是两个不同的副词（continuous / continuously），不能都译成 more；「逐步改进」的「逐步」是 gradually/steadily，与「不断」有别；末尾「更加方便舒适、健康快乐」是两组并列形容词，英文可用 more convenient and comfortable, healthy and happy 或合并为 more convenient, comfortable and healthy。
九、两版完整译文
① 稳妥对应版（逐块对应，宁可朴素也不漏信息）
② 自然重组版（语义不变，句式更地道）
· 「在中国」的「在」——必须译出 In China
· 「随着老龄化社会的到来」的「到来」——the arrival of
· 「普遍关注」的「普遍」——widespread / broad
· 「谈论最多的」的最高级
· 「应当采取」的情态 + 被动——should be adopted
· 「更多更好的」的两个比较级——more and better
· 「还可以推行」的递进语气
· 「投入的持续增加」的 continuous
· 「不断升级」与「逐步改进」是两个不同的副词（continuously / gradually），不能都译成 more
· 「到某年」「高达」「之一」这类具体信息，一律不能压缩成笼统概括。
十、翻译归纳（背这一节就够）
（1）主题词汇 10—15 个
| 中文 | 英文 | 备注 |
|---|---|---|
| 老龄化社会 | an ageing society / an aging society | 英式 ageing，美式 aging，两种都接受 |
| 养老 | elderly care / care for the elderly | 不要直译为 old-age support |
| 养老模式 | elderly care model / model of elderly care | 本文核心词，注意单复数一致 |
| 多元化 | diversified / diverse forms | need to be diversified |
| 政府引导 | government guidance / government leadership | 名词短语 |
| 社会参与 | social participation / public participation | public 也可 |
| 养老服务机构 | elderly care service institutions | institution 比 organization 正式 |
| 社区服务中心 | community service centres / community service centers | 英式 centre |
| 居家自助养老 | home-based self-help care | 「自助」必须体现 self-help |
| 家庭养老 | family care / family support | 与 social care 成对 |
| 社会养老 | social care | 与 family care 成对 |
| 养老设施 | care facilities / elderly care facilities | facilities 用复数 |
| 服务质量 | service quality | 不可数 |
| 老年人 | the elderly / older people / senior citizens | the elderly 是集合用法 |
| 方便舒适、健康快乐 | convenient and comfortable, healthy and happy | 两组并列形容词 |
（2）高频短语 5—8 个
| 中文 | 英文 | 搭配要点 |
|---|---|---|
| 受到普遍关注 | has received / drawn widespread attention | 现在完成时 |
| 随着……的到来 | with the arrival of / as ... arrives | with + 名词 或 as + 从句 |
| 采取某种模式 | adopt a model | ⚠ 本文须用被动 should be adopted |
| 建立更多更好的 | establish more and better ... | 两个比较级都要译出 |
| 鼓励居家自助养老 | encourage home-based self-help care | encourage + 名词/动名词 |
| 推行……相结合的模式 | promote a model combining ... with ... | combine A with B |
| 随着投入的持续增加 | with the continuous increase in investment | investment in + 领域 |
| 逐步改进 | be gradually / steadily improved | 与 continuously 区分 |
（3）经典句型 3—5 个
| 句型 | 用途 | 本文对应句 |
|---|---|---|
| What ... most is what ... | 「……最多的是……」 | 人们谈论最多的是应当采取什么样的养老模式 |
| with + 名词短语 | 表示伴随的背景变化 | 随着老龄化社会的到来 / 随着投入的持续增加 |
| can be + 过去分词（并列） | 列举多项可行措施 | 建立……改进……鼓励……推行…… |
| will be + 过去分词 / will become | 描述未来发展趋势 | 养老设施将不断升级、服务质量逐步改进 |
| a model combining A with B | 表达「A 与 B 相结合的模式」 | 家庭养老与社会养老相结合的模式 |
（4）时态规则（本文五句的时态分布）
| 句子 | 时态 | 理由 |
|---|---|---|
| 第 1 句 | 现在完成时（has received） | 「受到关注」是已发生并延续到现在的状态 |
| 第 2—3 句 | 一般现在时 + 情态被动 | 「应当采取」「需要多元化」是普遍看法与应然 |
| 第 4 句 | can be + 过去分词（并列） | 列举可行的措施，表「可以做到」 |
| 第 5 句 | 一般将来时（will be / will become） | 「将不断升级」「将会更加……」是未来趋势 |
（5）信息遗漏检查清单（译完逐条打钩）
| 序号 | 不能省的成分 | 原因 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | In China（在中国） | 地点状语，中文在句首，英文不能丢 |
| 2 | widespread / broad（普遍） | 程度副词，省掉就变成「受到关注」 |
| 3 | the question most widely discussed（谈论最多的） | 最高级结构，省掉就丢了「最」 |
| 4 | should be adopted（应当采取，被动） | 情态 + 被动，写成 should adopt 就错方向 |
| 5 | government guidance AND social participation | 两个并列名词，一个都不能漏 |
| 6 | more and better（更多更好） | 两个比较级，只写 more 就漏了 better |
| 7 | self-help（自助） | 居家养老的核心限定，漏了就模糊 |
| 8 | combining ... with ...（相结合） | 不能用 and 简单连接 |
| 9 | continuous（持续） | 与「不断」「逐步」是两个不同的副词 |
| 10 | will（将） | 最后一句是未来趋势，不能写成现在时 |
十一、今日打卡
写作官方原题照录 ✅ ｜ 三篇完整范文（含瑞思拜模板版）✅ ｜ 三论点句式差异分析 ✅ ｜ 紫色功能句表 8 条 ✅ ｜ 挖空模板 ✅ ｜ 新题迁移练习 3 题 ✅
翻译原文照录 ✅ ｜ 逐句六维拆解 5 句 ✅ ｜ 两版完整译文 ✅ ｜ 主题词 15 个 · 短语 8 个 · 句型 5 个 ✅ ｜ 时态规则 + 遗漏清单 10 条 ✅
下一篇（9-27）预告：六级进入 2023 年 12 月第 3 套（四天周期第 3 天）——写作指定开头句 “With their valuable skills and experience, elderly people can continue to make significant contributions to society.”，翻译另题。