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Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

1. A) Project organizer.

B) Public relations officer.
C) Marketing manager.
D) Market research consultant.

2. A) Quantitative advertising research.
B) Questionnaire design.
C) Research methodology.
D) Interviewer training.

3. A) They are intensive studies of people's spending habits.
B) They examine relations between producers and customers.
C) They look for new and effective ways to promote products.
D) They study trends or customer satisfaction over a long period.

4. A) The lack of promotion opportunity.
B) Checking charts and tables.

C) Designing questionnaires.
D) The persistent intensity.

Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

5. A) His view on Canadian universities.
B) His understanding of higher education.
C) His suggestions for improvements in higher education.

D) His complaint about bureaucracy in American universities.

6. A) It is well designed.
B) It is rather inflexible.

C) It varies among universities.
D) It has undergone great changes.

7. A) The United States and Canada can learn from each other.
B) Public universities are often superior to private universities.

C) Everyone should be given equal access to higher education.

D) Private schools work more efficiently than public institutions.

8. A) University systems vary from country to country

B) Efficiency is essential to university management.

C) It is hard to say which is better, a public university or a private one.

D) Many private university in the U.S. are actually large bureaucracies.

听力原文及答案解析

Conversation One

M:So how long have you been a Market Research Consultant?

W:Well, I started straight after finishing university.

M:Did you study market research?

W:Yeah, and it really helped me to get into the industry, but I have to say that it's more important to get experience in different types of market research to find out exactly what you're interested in.

M:So what are you interested in?

W:Well, at the moment, I specialize in quantitative advertising research, which means that I do two types of projects. Trackers, which are ongoing projects that look at trends or customer satisfaction over a long period of time. The only problem with trackers is that it takes up a lot of your time. But you do build up a good relationship with the client. I also do a couple of ad-hoc jobs which are much shorter projects.

M:What exactly do you mean by ad-hoc jobs?

W:It's basically when companies need quick answers to their questions about their consumers' habits. They just ask for one questionnaire to be sent out for example, so the time you spend on an ad-hoc project tends to be fairly short.

M:Which do you prefer, trackers or ad-hoc?

W:I like doing both and in fact I need to do both at the same time to keep me from going crazy. I need the variety.

M:Can you just explain what process you go through with a new client?

W:Well, together we decide on the methodology and the objectives of the research. I then design a questionnaire. Once the interviewers have been briefed, I send the client a schedule and then they get back to me with deadlines. Once the final charts and tables are ready, I have to check them and organize a presentation.

M:Hmm, one last question, what do you like and dislike about your job?

W:As I said, variety is important and as for what I don't like, it has to be the checking of charts and tables.

Questions 1to 4are based on the conversation you have just heard.

Q1:What position does the woman hold in the company?

Q2:What does the woman specialize in at the moment?

Q3:What does the woman say about trackers?

Q4:What does the woman dislike about her job?

1 What position does the woman hold in the company?
[D]【解析】对话一开头男士就问女士做市场调查顾问有多久了，可见女士在公司的职位是市场调査顾问。因此 D 项为答案。
【干扰项排除】①选项都是关于职位的内容，预测问题问职业。②A 项“项目组织者”、B 项“公共关系职员”以及 C 项“营销经理”都没有在对话中提及，只是利用录音的个别字词 organize, project, relationship 作干扰，故均予以排除。

2 What does the woman specialize in at the moment?
[A]【解析】对话中女士在被男士问到对什么感兴趣时，女士回答说目前专攻量化广告研究。A 项的表述与女士的意思一致，故为正确答案。
【干扰项排除】①选项都是关于研究、设计、培训等内容，听音时留意相关信息。②B 项“调查问卷设计”和 C 项“研究方法论”都不是目前女士专攻的内容，是女士回答“和新客户建立良好关系要经历什么过程”这个问题时涉及到的，故排除；D 项“面试者培训”只是利用对话中出现的 interviewer 一词作干扰，故排除。

3 What does the woman say about trackers?
[D]【解析】对话中女士提到两个项目，其中之一是有关追踪系统，女士的解释为：这是个正在进行的项目，研究很长一段时期内的趋势或客户满意度。D 项中的 study 是录音原文中 look at 的同义替换，故为正确答案。
【干扰项排除】①选项的主语都是 They,听录音时要留意其指代什么事物及其相关信息。②A 项“它们是对人们消费习惯的集中研究”、B 项“它们调查生产者和顾客之间的关系”以及 C 项“它们寻找促销产品的有效的新方法”都不属于追踪系统的内容，故均予以排除。

4 What does the woman dislike about her job?
[B]【解析】对话末尾，女士对于最后一个问题——工作上喜欢和不喜欢的分别是什么的回答是：工作上的多样性对于我来说是重要的，至于不喜欢的内容就是图表的核对了。B 项的表述与女士的意思一致，故为正确答案。
【干扰项排除】①选项分别为关于晋升机会、设计调查问卷和检查图表等的名词短语，推测题目可能与工作相关。②C 项“设计调查问卷”是和新客户建立良好关系需要做的，并没有提到是女士不喜欢的工作内容，故排除；A 项“缺乏晋升机会”和 D 项“持续的紧张”都未在对话中提及，故排除。

Conversation Two

W:Hello, I'm here with Frederick. Now Fred, you went to university in Canada?

M:Yeah, that's right.

W:OK, and you have very strong views about universities in Canada. Could you please explain?

M:Well, we don't have private universities in Canada. They’re all public. All the universities are owned by the government, so there is the Ministry of Education in charge of creating the curriculum for the universities and so there is not much room for flexibility. Since it's a government operated institution, things don't move very fast. If you want something to be done, then their staff do not have so much incentive to help you because he's a worker for the government. So I don't think it's very efficient. However, there are certain advantages of public universities, such as the fees being free. You don't have to pay for your education. But the system isn't efficient, and it does not work that well.

W:Yeah, I can see your point, but in the United States we have many private universities, and I think they are large bureaucracies also. Maybe people don't act that much differently, because it’s the same thing working for a private university. They get paid for their job. I don’t know if they're that much more motivated to help people. Also, we have a problem in the United States that usually only wealthy kids go to the best schools and it's kind of a problem actually.

M:I agree with you. I think it's a problem because you're not giving equal access to education to everybody. It’s not easy, but having only public universities also might not be the best solution.Perhaps we can learn from Japan where they have a system of private and public universities. Now, in Japan, public universities are considered to be the best.

W:Right. It's the exact opposite in the United States.

M:So, as you see, it's very hard to say which one is better.

W:Right, a good point.

Questions 5to 8are based on the conversation you have just heard.

Q5:What does the woman want Frederick to talk about?

Q6:What does the man say about the curriculum in Canadian universities?

Q7:On what point do the speakers agree?

Q8:What point does the man make at the end of the conversation?

5 What does the woman want Frederick to talk about?
[A] 【解析】对话一开头女士就请 Frederick 解释对于加拿大的大学的看法，由此可知，女士是想让 Frederick 讨论他对加拿大的大学的看法。A 项的表述与女士的意思一致，故为正确答案。
【干扰项排除】①选项都是关于 his 的内容，听录音时要留意男士的相关信息。②女士只是想让男士谈下他对于加拿大的大学的看法，而不是想知道男士对于高等教育的理解，故 B 项错误；C 项“他对于高等教育改进的建议”未在对话中提及，故排除；D 项“他对于美国大学官僚主义的抱怨”掺杂女士对于美国大学的看法，属于张冠李戴，故予以排除。

6 What does the man say about the curriculum in Canadian universities?
[B] 【解析】对话中男士说到在加拿大，教育部负责设计大学的课程，没有太多灵活变通的空间，也就是说加拿大的大学课程是相当不灵活的。B 项中的 rather inflexible 是录音原文中 not much room for flexibility 的同义替换，故为正确答案。
【干扰项排除】①选项都是关于 It 的描述，听录音时要注意 It 指代什么及其相关信息。②录音只提到加拿大的大学课程由教育部设计，没有提到设计的质量怎么样、各大学课程表有何不同以及有何重大改变，故 A 项“它设计得很好”、C 项“它在不同的大学不一样”和 D 项“它经历了巨大的变化”均予以排除。

7 On what point do the speakers agree?
[C] 【解析】对话中女士说在美国有一个问题，就是通常只有有钱人家的孩子才能上最好的学校，男士对此表示赞同，并且讲到不能给予每个人平等的教育机会确实是个问题。由此看来，他们都认为每个人都应该被给予平等的机会去接受高等教育，故选 C 项。
【干扰项排除】①选项中出现 universities、education、 institutions 等关键词，推测问题可能与大学教育相关。②A 项“美国和加拿大可以互相学习”，关于借鉴和学习，男子只提到我们或许可以向日本学习，故排除。对话最后男士讲到很难说哪种大学更好，女士也表示认同，所以 B 项“公立大学比私立大学更优越”错误。录音中男士谈及加拿大公立大学的办事效率低的问题，而女士提到美国的私立大学同样存在官僚主义，所以无从判断哪种大学更有效率，故排除 D 项“私立学校比公立机构更有效率”。

8 What point does the man make at the end of the conversation?
[C]【解析】对话最后男士得出结论：很难说公立大学和私立大学哪一个更好，因此，C 项为正确答案。
【干扰项排除】①四个选项都是围绕大学这个话题展开，听录音时要注意相关信息。②录音谈及三个国家以及它们不同的大学制度，但男子并没有就此得出结论“大学制度随着国家的不同而不同”，故排除 A 项。B 项“效率对于大学管理来说至关重要”，男子虽然谈及公立大学的管理效率问题，但他没有说效率是至关重要的，故排除 B 项。D 项“美国的很多私立大学实际上都是巨大的官僚机构”是女士的看法，而不是男士的结论，故排除.

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