高中英语必修二 语言能力全景解读:9语言能力专项训练(70 题 )

九、语言能力专项训练（70 题）

按"语音 → 词汇 → 语法 → 语篇 → 语用 → 写作"六个板块编排。

A · 语音与朗读（8 题）

A1. 选出重音位置与其他三个不同的单词。

A. heritage　B. preserve　C. document　D. temple

答案：B。preserve /prɪˈzɜːv/ 重音在第二音节；heritage /ˈherɪtɪdʒ/、document /ˈdɒkjumənt/、temple /ˈtempl/ 重音均在第一音节。

A2. 写出下列单词中 -tion / -sion 前那个音节是否重读（是 / 否），并标出重音位置。

① application　② preservation　③ communication　④ decision

① ap-pli-CA-tion（/ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn/）　② pre-ser-VA-tion（/ˌprezəˈveɪʃn/）　③ com-mu-ni-CA-tion（/kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃn/）　④ de-CI-sion（/dɪˈsɪʒn/）规律：以 -tion / -sion 结尾的词，重音几乎总落在其前一个音节上。

A3. 下列各组词中，重音位置随词性改变的是哪一组？

A. heritage / temple　B. conduct（n. 行为 / v. 指挥）　C. species / habitat　D. currency / kingdom

答案：B。conduct 作名词读 /ˈkɒndʌkt/（重音在前），作动词读 /kənˈdʌkt/（重音在后）。规律：双音节同形词，名词/形容词重音多在前，动词重音多在后（record, present, increase 同理）。

A4. 写出下列形式词在连贯语流中的常见弱读形式。

① to　② for　③ of　④ and　⑤ can（助动词）　⑥ been（助动词）

① /tə/　②/fə/　③/əv/　④/ən/或/n/　⑤/kən/　⑥/bɪn/重点：本册的两个被动结构is being done与has been done中，being与been 常被快速带过； 听力中若听不出它们，就会把"正在被"误听为"已经被"——这是本册听力的新难点。

A5. 用"/"给下列句子划分意群（标出可以停顿的位置）。

In the 1950s, the Egyptian government decided to build a new dam across the Nile, which would destroy many cultural relics.

In the 1950s, / the Egyptian government / decided to build a new dam / across the Nile, / which would destroy / many cultural relics.规则：① 标点处可停；② 连接词（which / and / but / because）之前可停；③ 主语过长时，主语后可停。意群内部不停顿。

A6. 圈出下面这句话在正常语速下通常重读的词（信息焦点一般在句末）。

Many cultural relics were destroyed by the flood.

重读词：cultural、relics、destroyed、flood；其中信息焦点在句末的 flood（因为是新信息）。推论：英语重音通常落在句末最后一个实词上，听力选择题的答案多藏在这里——刻意训练"抓句尾"比通篇盲听有效得多。

A7. 判断正误：被动语态的使用会改变句子的信息焦点。

请比较：Someone destroyed the relics. 与 The relics were destroyed.

正确。主动句的话题是 Someone，焦点在"毁掉文物"这一动作；被动句把 The relics 提前作主语， 话题变成"文物"，焦点落在"被毁"上。这正是被动语态的语用价值——让承受者成为话题， 也解释了为什么说明文、新闻报道里被动语态如此密集。

A8. 选出画线部分读音不同的一个。

A. observe　B. obvious　C. obtain　D. object（v. 反对）

答案：B。obvious 读 /ˈɒbviəs/，重音在第一个音节，ob 读 /ɒb/； observe /əbˈzɜːv/、obtain /əbˈteɪn/、object(v.) /əbˈdʒekt/ 重音均在第二音节，ob 弱读为 /əb/。

B · 词汇与词块（18 题）

B1–B8. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空（词性转换）。

B1. The __________ (preserve) of cultural relics requires joint efforts.

B2. It is __________ (legal) to hunt wild animals in the reserve.

B3. His __________ (achieve) in music has inspired millions of young people.

B4. The new policy is of great __________ (beneficial) to farmers.

B5. She was __________ (absorb) in her book and didn't notice me come in.

B6. The measures proved highly __________ (effect) in protecting the species.

B7. His __________ (familiar) with the local traditions surprised us all.

B8. I was __________ (embarrass) when I realized I had made a mistake.

B1. preservation（作主语需名词）　B2. illegal（句意为"非法的"，且 l 前用 il-）　B3. achievement　B4. benefit（be of great benefit = be very beneficial）B5. absorbed（be absorbed in 固定搭配）　B6. effective　B7. familiarity　B8. embarrassed（修饰人，感到尴尬的）

B9–B13. 选词填空（注意词块搭配）。供选词块：take measures to / die out / belong to / be absorbed in / make a proposal

B9. If we don't act now, this species will __________ within ten years.

B10. The government has decided to __________ protect the ancient temple.

B11. At the meeting, he __________ that a fund should be set up for the project.

B12. This old house __________ my grandfather, who bought it in 1960.

B13. __________ her research, she forgot all about lunch.

B9. die out　B10. take measures to　B11. made a proposal　B12. belongs to　B13. Absorbed in注意：B12 主语为第三人称单数，需加 -s；belong to无被动语态、无进行时。B13 位于句首需大写，且用过去分词（被动含义：被吸引/沉浸）。

B14–B18. 单项选择：判断画线部分的熟词生义。

B14. The scientist was asked to conduct a survey on local traditions.

A. 行为　B. 实施、进行　C. 指挥　D. 引导

B15. We observe the Spring Festival with family reunions.

A. 观察　B. 评论　C. 庆祝　D. 遵守

B16. The reporter was sent to cover the opening ceremony.

A. 覆盖　B. 报道　C. 支付　D. 走过

B17. He was fined 200 yuan for hunting in the reserve.

A. 好的　B. 罚款　C. 晴朗的　D. 精确的

B18. It suddenly struck me that I had met him before.

A. 罢工　B. 打击　C. 突然想到　D. 敲响

B14. B　B15. C（observe a festival = 庆祝节日；observe the law = 遵守法律）　B16. B（cover an event = 报道）　B17. B　B18. C（It struck me that... = 我突然想到……）提示：熟词生义是完形填空的主要暗礁。若四个选项代入熟悉义项都读不通，把每个词的"第二义项"都试一遍。

C · 语法专项（30 题）

C1–C6. 定语从句进阶：填入适当的关系词或介词。

C1. The temple in __________ many treasures were kept was built in the Tang Dynasty.

C2. This is the scientist __________ __________ I learned a lot about heritage protection.

C3. He won the prize, __________ made his parents very proud.

C4. __________ is known to all, China has a long history.

C5. There are fifty students in our class, most of __________ are from the countryside.

C6. The house __________ roof was damaged in the storm has been repaired.（用 of which 改写）

C1. which（in which = where；介词后不能用 that）　C2. from whom（learn from sb → 介词 from；指人且介词在后 → whom）　C3. which（指代整个主句，只能放主句之后）　C4. As（位于句首、意为"正如" → 只能用 as）　C5. whom（代词 + of + whom；指人）　C6. the roof of which 或 of which the roof（= whose roof）

C7–C8. 判断下列从句是定语从句还是同位语从句，并说明理由。

C7. The news that he told me yesterday turned out to be true.

C8. The news that our team had won spread quickly.

C7. 定语从句。that 作 told 的宾语（he told me the news），在从句中充当成分 → 定语从句。C8. 同位语从句。从句 our team had won 结构完整，that 不充当成分，只起连接作用 → 同位语从句，说明 news 的具体内容。判断法：看 that 是否在从句中作成分。作成分 → 定语从句；不作成分且从句完整 → 同位语从句。

C9–C14. 用括号内动词的适当形式填空（现在进行时的被动语态）。

C9. Look! The injured elephant __________ __________ __________ (treat) at the rescue center now.

C10. New laws __________ __________ __________ (pass) to protect wildlife these days.

C11. Much __________ __________ __________ (do) to protect the ancient temple at present.

C12. They __________ __________ __________ (hunt) illegally for their valuable fur.

C13.    — Where is the new museum?

      — It __________ __________ __________ (build) in the city centre.

C14. The children __________ __________ __________  (look) after by two teachers now.

C9. is being treated　C10. are being passed　C11. is being done　C12. are being hunted　C13. is being built　C14. are being looked（短语动词变被动，介词/副词 after 不能丢）

C15–C20. 用括号内动词的适当形式填空（现在完成时的被动语态）。

C15. Lots of useful information __________ __________ __________ (find) on the Internet so far.

C16. Many nature reserves __________ __________ __________ (establish) in this area in the past few years.

C17. The problem __________ __________ __________ (solve) already, so you needn't worry.

C18. Great changes __________ __________ __________ (take place) in my hometown since 2010.

C19. — __________ the report __________ __________ (finish)? 

        — Yes, it has.

C20. The new library __________ __________ __________ (build) for two years and will open soon.

C15. has been found　C16. have been established　C17. has been solved　C18. have taken place（take place 无被动语态！）　C19. Has... been finished　C20. has been built

C21–C22. 区分：一般过去时被动 vs 现在完成时被动。用括号内动词的正确形式填空。

C21. The bridge __________ (build) in 2010, and it is still in use now.

C22. The bridge __________ (build). Now people can cross the river easily.

C21. was built（有具体过去时间 in 2010 → 一般过去时）　C22. has been built（强调对现在的结果"现在能过河" → 现在完成时）

C23–C26. 用括号内动词的适当形式填空（过去分词作定语 / 表语）。

C23. The book __________ (write) by Lu Xun is still popular today.

C24. There were some __________ (fall) leaves on the ground after the storm.

C25. We were all __________ (excite) when we heard the __________ (excite) news.

C26. There was a __________ (puzzle) expression on his face.

C23. written（过去分词短语作后置定语，表被动）　C24. fallen（不及物动词的过去分词只表完成，无被动：落叶）　C25. excited; exciting（人感到兴奋 → -ed；消息令人兴奋 → -ing）　C26. puzzled（表情是"人感到困惑的" → 用 -ed，即使它修饰的是 expression）例外规则：-ed 形容词修饰 look / voice / expression / face / smile / eyes 等"表达人的感受的名词"时仍用 -ed。

C27–C30. 用括号内动词的适当形式填空（过去分词作状语 / 倒装）。

C27. __________ (see) from the hill, the town looks beautiful.

C28. __________ (see) the boy in danger, she ran to help at once.

C29. __________ (inspire) by his words, we decided to try again.

C30. Only in this way __________ we __________ (protect) our cultural relics.

C27. Seen（town 是被看的对象 → 被动 → 过去分词）　C28. Seeing（she 是看的发出者 → 主动 → 现在分词）　C29. Inspired（we 被鼓舞 → 被动）　C30. can... protect（Only + 状语置于句首 → 主句部分倒装，助动词/情态动词提到主语前）自检法：把分词还原成状语从句（When it is seen... / When she saw... / Because we were inspired...），看主语能否搭配——不匹配就是悬垂分词错误。

C31–C34. 单句改错（每句一处）。

① The house in that we live was built 100 years ago.

② A lot of money has been spent, but many relics are still being destroy.

③ Seen from the top of the mountain, we found the city beautiful.

④ The problem needs being solved immediately.

① that → which（介词后不能用 that）　② destroy → destroyed（被动结构应为 being + 过去分词）　③ Seen → Seeing（we 是"看"的发出者，逻辑主语不一致，属悬垂分词错误）　④ being solved → solving（need doing = need to be done，主动形式表被动）补充：④ 也可改为 needs to be solved。

C35–C36. 按要求改写句子。

C35. 用过去分词短语替换定语从句：The temple which was built in the Tang Dynasty is well protected.

C36. 用 only 开头改写（部分倒装）：We can solve the problem only by working together.

C35. The temple built in the Tang Dynasty is well protected.C36. Only by working together can we solve the problem.写作价值：C35 展示过去分词的"压缩"功能（从句 → 短语，句子更紧凑、书面感更强）；C36 是本册性价比最高的加分句型。

D · 语篇与衔接（5 题）

D1–D5. 七选五（改编自必修二 U2 话题）。根据短文内容，从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Saving the Tibetan Antelope

The Tibetan antelope once faced a serious threat. In the 1990s, thousands of them were killed every year for their valuable fur, and their population dropped sharply. D1. ______

Since then, much has been done to change the situation. Nature reserves have been established, and laws against illegal hunting are being carried out more strictly. D2. ______ As a result, the population has been increasing steadily, and the species has been moved from "endangered" to "near threatened".

D3. ______ Their habitat is still shrinking because of road building and climate change, and they still face the risk of being hunted in some areas. Besides, the grassland they depend on is shared with local herds, which sometimes creates conflicts.

What can we do as ordinary students? D4. ______ Refusing to buy any product made from wild animals is the simplest yet most direct way. We can also spread what we have learned to our family and friends.

Protecting wildlife is not a task for a few people. D5. ______ Only when everyone plays a part can wild animals truly live in harmony with us.

A. However, the danger is not over yet.

B. It is a shared responsibility for all of us.

C. Many volunteers have joined the protection work.

D. Actually, everyone can make a difference.

E. It was at that moment that people began to take action.

F. The government has spent millions of yuan on the project.

G. Their fur is still very expensive on the market.

D1. E　D2.C　D3.A　D4.D　D5.B；多余选项：F、G。解析：D1 —— 空前讲"数量锐减"，空后 "Since then...much has been done"（从那时起做了很多事），中间必须有一个"转折并开始行动"的时间点，E 的at that moment与Since then形成时间轴呼应。D2 —— 空前"建立保护区、严格执法"（政府层面），空后"结果数量回升"，C 补上"志愿者加入"（社会层面），构成"政府 + 社会"的完整措施。D3 —— 位于段首，且空后讲"栖息地仍在缩小、仍有被猎风险"，是转向负面，需要转折词，A 的 However 直接给出信号。D4 —— 空前设问"我们普通学生能做什么"，D 的"每个人都能起作用"正面作答，且 everyone 与段内 we 呼应。D5 —— 空前"不是少数人的任务"，B 的"是我们共同的责任"语义一致；且空后 Only when everyone plays a part 与 shared responsibility 逻辑贯通。干扰项：F（政府投入）与第二段内容重复且无衔接信号；G（毛皮昂贵）与全文保护立场不符。

E · 语用与得体（5 题）

E1–E5. 选择最恰当的表达（注意文体与语体）。

E1. 一篇英文新闻报道的正文，最合适的时态与人称是：

A. 一般现在时 + 第二人称　B. 一般过去时 + 第三人称

C. 现在完成时 + 第一人称　D. 一般将来时 + 第一人称

E2. 一篇演讲稿的结尾，最恰当的是：

A. Thank you for your listening.　B. Thank you!

C. That's all I want to say.　D. The end.

E3. 倡议书中呼吁大家采取行动，语气最强而仍然得体的是：

A. You must do it now!　B. It's high time that we took action.

C. I order you to act.　D. Do it if you like.

E4. 下列哪一句是中式英语，应避免？

A. We should pay attention to protecting cultural relics.

B. According to my opinion, the plan is practical.

C. I'm honored to share my story with you.

D. The activity turned out to be a great success.

E5. 给校英文报写一篇活动报道，第一段必须交代：

A. 活动时间、地点、人物、事件　B. 作者的个人情感

C. 对未来的展望　D. 引用名言

E1. B（报道已发生的事件 → 一般过去时；客观陈述 → 第三人称）　E2. B（A 的 Thank you for your listening 是中式表达，正确说法是 Thank you for listening 或直接 Thank you）　E3. B（It's high time that... 从句用虚拟语气，语气强而正式得体；A、C 过于生硬，D 太弱）　E4. B（according to 后接信息来源，不接个人观点；应为 In my opinion / As far as I'm concerned）　E5. A（新闻导语必须交代 5W1H，首要的是时间、地点、人物、事件）

F · 写作（2 题）

F1. 应用文 · 新闻报道（15 分）

假定你是校英文报记者李华，上周日学校学生会组织了"走近身边的文化遗产"主题活动。请你写一篇报道，内容包括：

1. 活动时间、地点与参与人员；
2. 活动内容（参观博物馆、听专家讲座、清理遗址周边垃圾）；
3. 活动反响。

要求：词数 80 左右；可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。

A Meaningful Day with Cultural Heritage     Last Sunday,the Students' Union organizedan activity named "Getting Close to Cultural Heritage",aiming toraise our awareness of heritage protection. More than 200 studentstook part init.       In the morning, we visited the city museum,wherean expertdelivereda lecture on how local relicshave been preservedover the past twenty years. In the afternoon, we went to an ancient temple andpicked upthe litter around it.Tired as we were, everyone felt it was worthwhile.     Not only didthe activity help us learn more about our history,but it alsotaught us to value what our ancestorshave left behind. We all agreed that more activities like this should be held.

F2. 演讲稿（15 分）

假定你是李华，学校将举办以"How Music Has Changed My Life"为题的英语演讲比赛，请你写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：

1. 你与音乐的一段经历；
2. 音乐对你的影响；
3. 对同学们的倡议。

要求：词数 100 左右；开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

已给出：Dear friends, I'm honored to stand here and share with you how music has changed my life. …… Thank you!

Dear friends,I'm honored to stand here and share with you how music has changed my life.     Two years ago, I went through the darkest time of my life.Overcome withsadness, I shut myself in my room and refused to talk to anyone. Then one afternoon, a piece of classical musiccame to my ears.Absorbed inthe melody, I felt as if someone were gently speaking to my heart. It was at that moment that I realized music could heal a broken heart.        Since then, music has become part of my life.WheneverI feel down, it never fails tolift my spirits. It has also taught me that difficulties are only a note in the longer symphony of life.        So, my dear friends, take the opportunity to find your own melody.It is music thatcan make life worth living.          Thank you!