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好题分享-2026年11月宁波市高考模拟考试阅读理解D篇解析

发布时间：2026-11-13 02:51:15 最近访问：2026-11-13 02:51:16

答案所在句粗斜体：重点词/可积累表达句（在文章末）

本篇是一篇科技发明类新闻报道。文章介绍了一款由帝国理工学院团队研发的AI听诊器：它大小如扑克牌，贴在患者胸口同时采集心电信号（ECG）和血流声音，数据安全传送给经数万人健康数据训练的AI算法分析，可近乎即时诊断心衰、心脏瓣膜病和心律异常，结果直接回传智能手机。快速筛查在初级诊疗中意义重大，因为早期警示信号（疲倦、气短）难以确定识别，常被误认为正常衰老或压力，70%–80%心衰患者急诊入院后才确诊。但该突破也带有风险——假阳性可能带来焦虑和不必要检查，专家建议限用于有不明症状的患者，而非健康人常规筛查。

Invented in 1816, the traditional stethoscope (听诊器) has been a vital part of every doctor's toolkit, yet some warning signs in heartbeat and blood flow are too slight for the human ear to detect. Now, a team at Imperial College London has developed a new version that can diagnose (诊断) heartfailure, heart valve disease and abnormal heart rhythms almost instantly.

The device is about the size of a playing card. It is placed on a patient's chest to take an ECG (心电图) recording of the electrical signals from their heart. Meanwhile, a microphone records the sound of blood flowing through the heart. This information is sent securely to be analysed by AI algorithms,which have been trained on health data from tens of thousands of people and can detect subtle heart problems a human would miss. A test result, indicating whether the patient has been flagged as at-risk or not, is sent straight back to a smartphone.

Such rapid screening is vital in primary care, as early detection of these conditions can slow disease progression and save lives. However, family doctors face a major challenge: early warning signs-such as tiredness or shortness of breath-are frequently elusive, as they can easily be mistaken for normal aging or stress, and there are no universally effective tools to confirm the diagnosis. In fact, 70%-80% of heart failure cases are only diagnosed after an emergency hospital admission. The AI-enabled stethoscope could be a game-changer, giving doctors a quick, simple tool to spot problems earlier, so patients can get the right treatment sooner.

The breakthrough does carry an element of risk, with a higher chance of people wrongly being told they may have a heart problem when they do not. Dr Patrik Bachtiger said this could lead to unnecessary anxiety and tests for some people. Still, for other patients, using the AI stethoscope could catch warning signs which might otherwise go unnoticed. He added that the device should be used for patients who come in with such unexplained symptoms, rather than for routine checks in healthy people.

1.How does the new stethoscope outperform the traditional one?

A.By simplifying the design of medical toolkits.

B.By using AI to screen and cure heart diseases.

C.By analyzing sound and electrical data via AI.

D.By sending treatment plans to doctors' phones.

【C】定位文章第二段。"It is placed on a patient's chest to take an ECG recording of the electrical signals from their heart. Meanwhile, a microphone records the sound of blood flowing through the heart. This information is sent securely to be analysed by AI algorithms…"新设备同时采集心脏电信号（ECG）和血流声音（microphone），再交由AI算法分析，C项"通过AI分析声音和电数据"完整对应。A项"简化医疗工具包设计"是对"about the size of a playing card（约扑克牌大小）"的偷换，体积描述≠设计简化；B项"用AI筛查并治愈心脏病"中cure（治愈）属功能夸大，原文AI只做诊断/筛查（diagnose、flagged as at-risk）；D项"把治疗方案发到医生手机"偷换概念，原文发回的是"A test result, indicating whether the patient has been flagged as at-risk or not（检测结果/是否高危）"，并非治疗方案。

2.What does the underlined word "elusive" in paragraph 3 mean?

A. Too rare to draw doctors' attention.B. Too slight to identify with certainty.

C. Too complex to be controlled in time.D. Too mild to cause physical discomfort.

【B】定位文章第三段。"early warning signs—such as tiredness or shortness of breath—are frequently elusive, as they can easily be mistaken for normal aging or stress, and there are no universally effective tools to confirm the diagnosis."破折号后举例（疲倦、气短），as从句说明原因：容易被误认为正常衰老或压力，且没有普遍有效的工具来确诊——说明这些早期信号轻微、难以确定地识别，B项"太轻微而无法确定地辨认"最贴合。此外第一段"some warning signs in heartbeat and blood flow are too slight for the human ear to detect"中的too slight与elusive形成同义呼应。A项"太罕见引不起医生注意"与"frequently elusive（常见但难识别）"矛盾，且问题是"识别不了"而非"不注意"；C项"太复杂无法及时控制"偷换动作对象，文中谈的是诊断识别困难，非"控制/治疗"；D项"太轻微不引起身体不适"自相矛盾，tiredness、shortness of breath本身就是不适症状。

3.What does Dr Patrik Bachtiger advise regarding the new device?

A. Redesigning it to remove false positive results.

B. Avoiding its use due to the risk of extra anxiety.

C. Applying it to routine checks for healthy people.

D. Limiting its use to patients with suspicious signs.

【D】定位文章第四段末句。"He added that the device should be used for patients who come in with such unexplained symptoms, rather than for routine checks in healthy people."他建议设备应用于有此类不明原因症状的患者，而非健康人的常规检查——即把使用范围限制在有可疑症状的患者身上，D项对应。A项"重新设计以消除假阳性结果"属张冠李戴/过度推断，文中承认假阳性风险，但Bachtiger的建议是限定使用人群，并非重新设计；B项"因额外焦虑风险而避免使用"曲解态度，他是有条件支持（限用于有症状者），不是完全避免；C项"用于健康人常规检查"与原文"rather than for routine checks in healthy people"正反颠倒。

4.How is the text organized?

A. A challenge, a solution and a caution.B. A question, a debate and a conclusion.

C. A failure, an adjustment and a successD. A theory, an experiment and a discovery.

【A】定位各段功能。第一段"yet some warning signs in heartbeat and blood flow are too slight for the human ear to detect"指出传统听诊器的局限（challenge）；第二段介绍新设备的工作原理与近乎即时的诊断能力，第三段称其为"a game-changer"，构成方案（solution）；第四段"The breakthrough does carry an element of risk…could lead to unnecessary anxiety and tests…should be used for patients who come in with such unexplained symptoms, rather than for routine checks in healthy people"构成提醒/警示（caution）。B项"问题—辩论—结论"中文章并无正反双方辩论（debate），只有专家提醒风险；C项"失败—调整—成功"文章无failure/adjustment情节；D项"理论—实验—发现"文章无实验过程描述，也非"理论—实验—发现"的科研论文结构。