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练习 2 单句语法填空＋七选五＋完形填空
授课提示：对应学生用书3页
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(介词)
1．[2024·广东深圳实验学校联考]Here you'll be in one of the world's most remote
locations, but still have access ________ hot showers and wellprepared meals.
答案与解析：to 句意为：在这里你将身处世界上最偏远的地方之一，但仍有机会洗
热水澡和享用精心准备的饭菜。have access to...为固定短语，意为“有机会使用……”。故
填to。
2．[2024·山东春季二模改编]Happiness is on the basis ________ your feelings in your
heart.
答案与解析：of 句意为：幸福是建立在你内心感受的基础上的。on the basis of...为固
定短语，意为“在……的基础上”，故填of。
3．[2024·湖南长沙二中检测]The police believe that the same man is responsible ________
three other murders in the area.
答案与解析：for 句意为：警方认为该地区其他三宗谋杀案也是此人所为。be
responsible for...为固定搭配，意为“对……有责任”。故填for。
4．[2024·湖北华中师大二附中月考]When the explorers first set foot ________ the
continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife.
答案与解析：on 句意为：当探险者们第一次踏上北美大陆时，天空和陆地上到处都
是各种各样令人吃惊的野生动物。根据空后的 the continent可知，此处表示“在大陆上”，
应用介词on。set foot on意为“进入；到达”。故填on。
5．They believe they can achieve anything merely ________ clicking a button.
答案与解析：by 他们相信他们仅仅通过点击一个按钮就能实现任何事情。表示“通
过做某事”用介词by。
6．In the long run, the advantages of online education extend beyond the students and their
employers to the effect ________ the economy.
答案与解析：on 从长远来看，在线教育不仅让学生和他们的雇主受益，还对经济有
影响。此处表示“对……的影响”，应用介词on。the effect on sth.意为“对某事的影响”，
故填on。
7．The gentleman who asked about our intention had left his credit card number to pay
________ our order and then walked off.
答案与解析：for 询问我们的意图的那位绅士留下了他的信用卡号码以支付我们的订
单，然后走开了。pay for为固定搭配，意为“为……付款”，故填for。
8．I know that her high standards have helped me stay focused ________ what's important.
答案与解析：on 我知道她的高标准已经帮助了我专注于重要的事情。focus on为固
定搭配，意为“集中于；关注”，故填on。
9．To make a huge success, a scientist has to be prepared to get ________ deep trouble.
答案与解析：into 为了取得巨大的成功，科学家必须作好深陷困境的准备。get into
trouble为固定搭配，意为“陷入困境”，故填into。10．Unfortunately, in his twenties, he suffered ________ a disease that couldn't be cured,
which was a great challenge for him.
答案与解析：from 不幸的是，在他二十多岁的时候，他患上了一种无法治愈的疾病，
这对他来说是一个巨大的挑战。suffer from为固定搭配，意为“患……病；受……之苦”，
故填from。
Ⅱ.七选五
2023·新课标Ⅰ卷 说明文 300词 ★★★☆☆
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don't beat yourself up about them. To
err (犯错) is human. __1__ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” __2__ Are you
caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don't have to be world-
changing, just aspects of your personality that you're proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the
positive things you've done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their
homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the
family had had a tiring day. __3__
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. __4__ That way, you could
exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that
shine through. In fact, don't wait until you've made a mistake to try this—it's a great way to boost
selfconfidence at any time.
It's something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their
mistakes. The thing is, it's true. __5__ We're all changing and learning all the time and mistakes
are a positive way to develop and grow.
A．A little selfforgiveness also goes a long way.
B．Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C．They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D．It's just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E．It doesn't mean you have to ignore what's happened or forget it.
F．Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G．Whatever the mistake, remember it isn't a fixed aspect of your personality.
【语篇解读】 本文为一篇说明文。文章鼓励人们练习自我宽恕，并提供了一个简单
的写作练习来增强自信。通过列出个人的优点和善良的行为，人们可以学会原谅自己的错
误，并从中成长。
1．答案与解析：D 根据空前内容“Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step,
but don't beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. (为错误承担责任是积极的一步，
但不要因此而自责。人孰能无过)”可知，作者认为人都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，
但是也不要因此而过于自责。结合空后“You can use the following writing exercise to help
you do this. (你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点)”中的“do this”以及下文内
容可推断，空处应该内容和“不要太自责”相似。选项 D“It's just as important to show
yourself some forgiveness. (宽恕自己也同样重要)”与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启
下的作用。故选D。
2．答案与解析：B 根据空前内容“In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading
‘Personal strengths.’ (在日记或纸上写上‘个人优点’)”以及空后内容“Are you caring?Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don't have to be worldchanging,
just aspects of your personality that you're proud of. (你有爱心吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是
一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感到自
豪的方面就行)”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项 B“Now list all the
characteristics you like about yourself. (现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点)”符合上下文
内容，下文内容具体解释哪些是优点。故选B。
3．答案与解析：F 根据上文内容“At the top of a second page, put the heading ‘Acts
of kindness.’ On this one, list all the positive things you've done for others. It might be the time
when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or
when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. (在第二页的顶部，写上‘善
举’的标题。在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可能是当你帮助朋
友做作业的时候，当你没有被要求却主动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤
饼干的时候)”可知，本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。选项 F“Whatever it is,
no matter how small it might seem, write it down. (不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要把
它写下来)”与上文内容一致，讲述的是不管你所做的事情有多小，只要是好的事情，都记
下来。故选F。
4．答案与解析：C 根据空后内容“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what
makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. (这样，你们就
可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面)”可知，
空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见。选项 C“They might
even like to have a go at doing the exercise. (他们甚至可能想试一试做练习)”符合语境，C项
中的“they”与空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. (你可
以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a friend or family member”保持一致，同
时选项C和下文“In fact, don't wait until you've made a mistake to try this — it's a great way to
boost selfconfidence at any time. (事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个
在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法)”中的“this”一致。故选C。
5．答案与解析：G 根据空前内容“It's something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most
people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it's true. (大多数人不是从
他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是陈词滥调。但事实是，这是真的)”可
知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。选项 G“Whatever the mistake, remember it isn't a fixed
aspect of your personality. (不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一面)”符合语
境，G项中的“isn't a fixed aspect of your personality”和空后内容“We're all changing and
learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. (我们一直在改变和学
习，错误是一种积极的发展和成长的方式)”保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的
一面，我们是通过错误来成长。故选G。
Ⅲ.完形填空
2023·新课标Ⅰ卷 记叙文 246词 ★★☆☆☆
On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a crosscountry race in Minnesota. Melanie
Bailey should have __1__ the course earlier than she did. Her __2__ came because she was
carrying a __3__ across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than twothirds of the way through her
__4__ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She __5__ to help her fellow runner,
Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with __6__. She couldn't.
Bailey then __7__ to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finishline, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get __8__ attention.
Once there, Lenoue was __9__ and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had
serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme __10__ to make it
to that aid checkpoint without Bailey's help.
As for Bailey, she is more __11__ about why her act is considered a big __12__. “She
was just crying. I couldn't __13__ her，” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing
the right thing.”
Although the two young women were strangers before the __14__， they've since become
friends. Neither won the race, but the __15__ of human kindness won the day.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛
中，Melanie Bailey背着另一个参赛者Danielle Lenoue过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。
1．A.designed B．followed
C．changed D．finished
答案与解析：D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Melanie Bailey 应该更早完成比赛。
A.designed 设计；B.followed 跟随；C.changed 改变；D.finished 完成。根据下一段的
“carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get
__8__ attention”可知，Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此句子表示
“Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。
2．A.delay B．chance
C．trouble D．excuse
答案与解析：A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲
过终点线。A.delay 延误；B.chance 机会；C.trouble 麻烦；D.excuse 借口。根据上文
“Melanie Bailey should have __1__ the course earlier than she did”和上一题的解析可知，
Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。故选
A。
3．A.judge B．volunteer
C．classmate D．competitor
答案与解析：D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过
终点线。A.judge裁判；B.volunteer志愿者；C.classmate同学；D.competitor参赛者。根据
第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a crosscountry race”可知，她是背着一名参赛者
冲过终点线。故选D。
4．A.race B．school
C．town D．training
答案与解析：A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：据当地一家报纸报道，当Bailey跑到比
赛的三分之二多的时候，她前面的一名选手开始痛苦地哭喊。A.race比赛；B.school学校；
C.town 城镇；D.training 训练。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-
country race”可知，此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候”。故选A。
5．A.agreed B．returned
C．stopped D．promised
答案与解析：C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。
A.agreed同意；B.returned回来；C.stopped停止；D.promised答应。根据下文“to help her
fellow runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。故选C。6．A.courage B．aid
C．patience D．advice
答案与解析：B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bailey扶着她的胳膊，看看她能否在她的
帮助下向前走。A.courage勇气；B.aid帮助；C.patience耐心；D.advice建议。根据上文
“Bailey took her arm”可知，此处表示看她是否能在Bailey的帮助下向前走。故选B。
7．A.went away B．stood up
C．stepped aside D．bent down
答案与解析：D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的
背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了 300英尺，到Lenoue接受医疗检查的地方。
A.went away离开； B．stood up站起来；C.stepped aside让路；D.bent down弯腰。根据下
文“let Lenoue climb onto her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让勒诺爬到她的背上。故选D。
8．A.medical B．public
C．constant D．equal
答案与解析：A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她
的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了 300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。
A.medical医疗的；B.public公众的；C.constant持续不断的；D.equal平等的。根据上文
“began crying in pain”可知，Danielle Lenoue 很疼，所以是要接受医疗检查，medical
attention意为“医疗救助”。故选A。
9．A.interrupted B．assessed
C．identified D．appreciated
答案与解析：B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lenoue在那里接受了检查，后来被送往
医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。A.interrupted 打断；B.assessed 评估；
C.identified识别；D.appreciated感激。根据下文“later taken to a hospital”可知，她是先接受
了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B。
10．A.hunger B．pain
C．cold D．tiredness
答案与解析：B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极
度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。A.hunger 饥饿；B.pain 疼痛；C.cold 感冒；
D.tiredness疲劳。根据第5空前的“began crying in pain”可知，此处表示“如果没有Bailey
的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站”。故选B。
11．A.worried B．ashamed
C．confused D．discouraged
答案与解析：C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的
行为被认为是一件大事。A.worried 担心的；B.ashamed 惭愧的；C.confused 困惑的；
D.discouraged泄气的。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉
得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑。故选C。
12．A.game B．problem
C．lesson D．deal
答案与解析：D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行
为被认为是一件大事。A.game游戏；B.problem问题；C.lesson课；D.deal交易，局面。根
据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事
情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑，a big deal意为“非常重要的事”。故
选D。
13．A.leave B．cureC．bother D．understand
答案与解析：A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能离开她。A.leave离开；B.cure治
愈；C.bother打扰；D.understand理解。根据上文“She was just crying”以及Lenoue爬到她
的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了 300英尺。可知，Bailey看见Lenoue哭喊，
所以觉得不能离开她。故选A。
14．A.ride B．test
C．meet D．show
答案与解析：C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之
前是陌生人，但后来她们成了朋友。A.ride短途旅程；B.test测试；C.meet体育比赛；
D.show展示。根据第一段“hundreds of runners competed in a crosscountry race”及空前的
“the two young women were strangers before”可知，当时是一场比赛，句子表示“这两个年
轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。
15．A.secret B．display
C．benefit D．exchange
答案与解析：B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人都没有赢得比赛，但展现的人性的
善良赢得了胜利。A.secret秘密；B.display展示；C.benefit利益；D.exchange交换。根据第
二段的“let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then
another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get __8__ attention”可知，Bailey背着一个参赛者过终
点线，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良。故选B。
黄金考点
语法填空——冠词
考点3 用在序数词前或最高级前
The plum trees are ________ first to flower even as the snow is melting
考例
(融化).
点拨 在序数词first前，要用定冠词the。
考点4 冠词用于固定短语
Unexpectedly, I'm facetoface with the gorilla (大猩猩), who begins
考例
screaming at ________ top of her lungs.
at the top of“在……的顶上； 在……的顶点”，为固定搭配， 故
点拨
填the。
