六级选词填空真题2015-2023.12_六级_六级选词填空

英语六级 -选词填空-真题 2015.06-2023.12目录 2023年12月大学英语六级选词填空第1套……………………………………………1 2023年12月大学英语六级选词填空第2套……………………………………………2 2023年12月大学英语六级选词填空第3套……………………………………………3 2023年06月大学英语六级选词填空第1套………………………………………………4 2023年06月大学英语六级选词填空第2套……………………………………………5 2023年06月大学英语六级选词填空第3套……………………………………………6 2023年03月大学英语六级选词填空全1套………………………………………………7 2022年12月大学英语六级选词填空第1套……………………………………………8 2022年12月大学英语六级选词填空第2套……………………………………………9 2022年12月大学英语六级选词填空第3套…………………………………………10 2022年09月大学英语六级选词填空全1套……………………………………………11 2022年06月大学英语六级选词填空第1套…………………………………………12 2022年06月大学英语六级选词填空第2套……………………………………………13 2021年12月大学英语六级选词填空第1套……………………………………………14 2021年12月大学英语六级选词填空第2套……………………………………………15 2021年06月大学英语六级选词填空第1套……………………………………………16 2021年06月大学英语六级选词填空第2套……………………………………………17 2021年06月大学英语六级选词填空第3套……………………………………………18 2020年12月大学英语六级选词填空第1套……………………………………………19 2020年12月大学英语六级选词填空第2套……………………………………………20 2020年12月大学英语六级选词填空第3套………………………………………………21 2020年09月大学英语六级选词填空第1套……………………………………………22 2020年09月大学英语六级选词填空第2套……………………………………………23 2020年07月大学英语六级选词填空全1套……………………………………………24 2019年12月大学英语六级选词填空第1套……………………………………………25 2019年12月大学英语六级选词填空第2套……………………………………………26 2019年12月大学英语六级选词填空第3套……………………………………………27 2019年06月大学英语六级选词填空第1套……………………………………………28 2019年06月大学英语六级选词填空第2套……………………………………………29 2019年06月大学英语六级选词填空第3套……………………………………………30 2018年12月大学英语六级选词填空第1套……………………………………………31 2018年12月大学英语六级选词填空第2套……………………………………………32 2018年12月大学英语六级选词填空第3套……………………………………………33 2018年06月大学英语六级选词填空第1套………………………………………………34 2018年06月大学英语六级选词填空第2套……………………………………………35 2018年06月大学英语六级选词填空第3套……………………………………………36 2017年12月大学英语六级选词填空第1套……………………………………………372017年12月大学英语六级选词填空第2套……………………………………………38 2017年12月大学英语六级选词填空第3套……………………………………………39 2017年06月大学英语六级选词填空第1套……………………………………………40 2017年06月大学英语六级选词填空第2套……………………………………………41 2017年06月大学英语六级选词填空第3套……………………………………………42 2016年12月大学英语六级选词填空第1套……………………………………………43 2016年12月大学英语六级选词填空第2套……………………………………………44 2016年12月大学英语六级选词填空第3套……………………………………………45 2016年06月大学英语六级选词填空第1套……………………………………………46 2016年06月大学英语六级选词填空第2套…………………………………………47 2016年06月大学英语六级选词填空第3套……………………………………………48 2015年12月大学英语六级选词填空第1套……………………………………………49 2015年12月大学英语六级选词填空第2套……………………………………………50 2015年12月大学英语六级选词填空第3套…………………………………………51 2015年06月大学英语六级选词填空第1套……………………………………………52 2015年06月大学英语六级选词填空第2套……………………………………………53 2015年06月大学英语六级选词填空第3套………………………………………………54 淘宝店铺：一次过考研 】温馨提示：2022年6月、2021年12月实考2套选词 填空，2023年3月、2022年9月、2020年7月与9月实考1套，请知悉。2023年12月大学英语六级选词填空第1套 The desert is deceiving. At first glance it looks lifeless, barren, and bone-dry. For most passersby humming through the Mojave on their way to try their luck in Las Vegas or heading towards the Grand Canyon, it's just a . 26 stretch of land with some mountains in the distance and more . 27 .to be a setting for a movie that takes place on Mars. The desert, however, is . 28 . with life, mystery, and magic. The Mojave desert sees less than two inches of rain a year, and like most deserts, is a land of . 29 . Temperature fluctuations vary from freezing to 30 hot, not only between seasons, but even within the same day. At the heart of this vast,25,000-square-mile desert is Mojave National Preserve. The folks managing and working there wear the wide-brimmed(宽边的)hats that have become . 31 .with places like Yosemite. The preserve is rich with history, culture, biodiversity, and endless opportunities to 32 .your interest, especially for anyone who loves the outdoors. For a photographer, it requires patience and . 33 a few spare tires to maneuver the network of unpaved "roads", but the rewards are plenty. Photographing here requires a good, 34 pair of shoes and a lot of preparation. Plenty of water, spare tires, and a full tank of gas are needed to explore this unit of the national park system, which is the third largest in the country. Like all deserts, though, if you are patient, you will be rewarded, as they often reveal their secrets slowly. During my last outing, I was surprised to see how much of the area was shaped by ancient volcanoes and geological forces, much of which remains today, giving the area a 35 feel and painting a colorful background for great photographs. A) apt I) sparingly B) burning J) sprinkle C) extremes K)steer D) flat L) stimulate E) fractions M) sturdy F)overflowing N) synonymous G) parasites O) unique H) probably 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 1 页 共 57 页2023年12月大学英语六级选词填空第2套 Our brains respond to language expressing facts differently than they do to words conveying possibility, scientists at New York University have recently found. Their work offers new insights into the impact word choice has on how we 26 between statements expressing what is real versus what is merely possible. researchers assert their findings are important because we are presented with false information all the time. Some of this is 27 . As is the case with deceptive advertisements, but the problem is 28 by individuals who believe they are sharing correct information. . Thus, it is more important than ever to separate the factual from the possible or merely 29 in how we communicate. This is especially true as the study makes clear that information presented as fact 30_special responses in our brains, which are distinct from when we process the same content with clear indicators of 31 In their new study, the scientists intended to . 32 how the brain computes possibilities as expressed by words such as“may,""might,” and“if” The researchers compared brain responses to statements expressing factual . 33 _and those expressing possibility."There is a monster under my bed" exemplifies a factual statement."I will stay home,” is also factual. This is opposed to statements that express possibility, like "There might be a monster under my bed," or “If it rains, I will stay home." The results of the study showed that factual language . 34 a rapid increase in brain activity, with the brain responding more powerfully and showing more engagement with factual phrases compared to those communicating possibility. Thus, facts rule when it comes to the brain. Brain regions involved in processing . 35 rapidly distinguish facts from possibilities. Further, these regions respond in a much more robust fashion to factual statements. A) activated I) manuscript B) aggravated J) marvels C) ascertain K) remnants D)deliberate L) scenarios E) differentiate M) speculative F) discourse N) unanimous G)evokes 0) uncertainty H) inhibit 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 2 页 共 57页2023年12月大学英语六级选词填空第3套 Modem U.S. cities were designed to make exercise unnecessary. Cars and elevators once symbolized urban areas as machines for more efficient living. Now it is clear that these improvements provide great benefits but also 26 .health costs. Recent studies show that urban 27 encourages more driving and is associated with heavier weight. This 28 suggests that the layout and design of cities can hinder or promote healthier lifestyle choices and it is 29 that urban planners bear this in mind. Unfortunately, urban planning still centers in large part on solving the problems of the past. Of course cities still need to 30 standard public health practices, such as separating toxic facilities from homes and restricting heavy truck traffic through . 31 residential areas. But it's also important to create healthier cities—and the discussion is already underway. More and more city planners are paying increasing attention to encouraging physical activity by making it easier and safer for people to recreate, walk, bike and take public transportation. Many studies of . 32 show that people live the longest in environments where physical activity is part of everyday life. Providing more walkable spaces, better protected bike lanes and more 33 _ spaces are important steps. But even smaller changes can be effective. Cities can close off streets on weekends to encourage communities to get out and walk. They also can provide more seating in public places, so that less-fit residents can rest during their journeys. Using public spaces in cities as places where people can exercise promotes . 34 ,rather than allowing physical activity to become restricted to private gyms with often-expensive monthly fees that 35 less wealthy people from joining. A)correlation I) longevity B) dense J) navigate C) deter K)recreational D) equity L) rotten E) foster M) sprawl F) imperative N) vibrate G) impose O) vicinity H) irrespective 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 3 页 共57页2023年06月大学英语六级选词填空第1套 Scientists recently examined studies on dog intelligence and compared them with research into the minds of other intelligent animals, The researchers found that dogs are among the more intelligent carnivores(食肉动物), social hunters and domestic animals, but that their intelligence does not . 26 other intelligent animals in any of those categories. Though a significant body of research has examined dog cognition 27 ,the authors of this new study found little to warrant the . 28 of work that has been devoted to the topic. Stephen Lea, lead author of the new study, argues that many researchers seem to have designed their studies to . 29 how clever dogs are, rather than simply to study dogs' brains. Lea and a colleague examined more than 300 studies of dog cognition, comparing the studies' results with those from research into other animals. The researchers made specific comparisons between the different species in different categories of intelligence. These comparisons 30 that dogs are intelligent, but their intelligence is not as 31 as some researchers might have believed. In many areas, though, comparisons were not possible. For example, the researchers noted that both dogs and cats are known to be able to recognize and . 32 human voices. But the investigators could not find any data to indicate which species can remember a greater number of 33 human voices, so it was impossible to compare the two on that front. However, not all researchers agree . 34 with the findings of this study. Zachary Silver, an American researcher, believes the authors of the new study . 35 the idea that an excessive amount of research has been devoted to dogs, as the field of dog cognition is young, and there is much to be learned about how dogs think. A) affirmed I) overstated B) approximately J) pledge C) completely K) previously D) differentiate L) prospective E) distinct M) prove F)domain N) surpass G) formidable O) volume H) outperformed 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 4 页 共 57页2023年 06月大学英语六级选词填空第2套 Imagine sitting down to a big dinner: a massive steak, a large portion of fried potatoes, and cake for dessert. After eating so much, you should be too full to eat another bite. But some people experience a powerful urge to keep eating, even after 26 in a huge meal, a behavior that makes little sense, as most adults are well-versed in the dangers of obesity, which researchers have shown correlates with 27 health issues and is even linked to increased 28 risk. But some people still keep eating long after they should stop, a phenomenon Dr. Susan Thompson calls“insatiable(永 不 满 足的)hunger.”It is characterized by two main 29 :not being satisfied by eating, and having a desire to stay sedentary(久坐不动的). This is at 30 .with how humans are biologically programmed. When there was a great deal of food available, ancient people would gorge on calories; this massive calorie intake was accompanied by an urge to get active. Humans were also programmed for something called “compensation,”which is the brain's. 31 .mechanism for preventing the accumulation of excess weight. With compensation, if you eat one large meal in the morning, you are naturally 32 to eat less for the rest of the day. But recent studies show that 70of American adults have lost the ability to naturally compensate for the calories they consume; worse . 33 ,a significant number of them report 34 hunger halfway through an eating session, but by the end of the meal, they feel the same or higher levels of hunger than when they sat down. Dr. Thompson argues that the main cause of this phenomenon is the modern diet, which is 35 of food high in sugar, carbohydrates and calories. A) attributes I) innumerable B) comprised J) mortality C) conceded K) odds D) conservation L) plights E)diminishing M) regulatory F) far N) still G) inclined O) unmatchable H) indulging 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 5 页 共 57 页2023年 06月大学英语六级选词填空第3套 You might not know yourself as well as you think. According to a new study, people are . 26 accurate judges of only some of their behaviors. While most previous studies on how well people know themselves have been done on long-term personality traits, this new study . 27 how well people understand how they are acting from one moment to the next. Researchers asked participants to wear audio recorders that automatically . 28 every 9.5 minutes between 7 am.and 2 am. to record 30 seconds of audio. These participants were then emailed surveys four times a day asking them to 29 .how outgoing, agreeable, or conscientious they were during a particular hour of the day. The study used data from 248 participants, all of whom answered questions about their behavior 30 weeks and wore the audio device for one of those weeks. for two Six laboratory assistants rated each participant's audio clips to see how their observations compared with people's . 31 of themselves. The six assistants were generally in agreement with one another about how the people they were observing acted. Further, participants' ratings of their own behaviors agreed with observers' for how outgoing and how conscientious they were being. But the agreement between participants and outside observers was much smaller for agreeableness. Some of this . 32 could be because the observers used only audio clips, and thus could not read . 33 like body language, but there are . 34 other explanations, as people should be able to hear when a participant is being kind versus being rude. The weak agreement between how participants thought they were acting and what observers heard could be because people would rather 35 rude behavior. A) activated I) probes B) articulates J) random C) assessment K) recall D) consecutive L) relatively E) cues M)saturated F) deny N)symptoms G) discrepancy O) terminate H)probably 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 6 页 共 57 页2023年03月大学英语六级选词填空全1套 Unthinkable as it may be, humanity, every last person, could someday be wiped from the face of the Earth. We have learned to worry about asteroids(小行星)and super volcanoes, but the more likely 26 ,according to Nick Bostrom, a professor of philosophy at Oxford, is that we humans will destroy ourselves. Professor Bostrom, who directs Oxford's Future of Humanity Institute, has argued over the course of several papers that human 27 .risks are poorly understood and, worse still,. 28 underestimated by society. Some of these existential risks are fairly well known, especially the natural ones. But others are . 29 _or even exotic. Most worrying to Bostrom is the subset of existential risks that 30 _ from human technology, a subset that he expects to grow in number and potency over the next century. Despite his concerns about the risks 31 to humans by technological progress, 32 of trans- Bostrom is no luddite(科技进步反对者).In fact, he is a longtime . humanism—the effort to improve the human condition, and even human nature itself,through technological means. In the long run he sees technology as a bridge, a bridge we humans must cross with great care, in order to reach new and better modes of being. In his work, Bostrom uses the tools of philosophy and mathematics, in 33 , probability theory, to try and determine how we as a . 34 .might achieve this safe passage. What follows is my conversation with Bostrom about some of the most interesting and worrying existential risks that humanity might . 35 in the decades and centuries to come, and about what we can do to make sure we outlast them. A) advocate I) particular B) arise J) posed C)emphasized K)scenario D)encounter L) severely E) essential M) shrewdly F)evaporatior N) species G) extinction O) variety H)obscure 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 7页 共 57页2022年12月大学英语六级选词填空第1套 During the summer, when I was a visiting poet at a residency out of state, an angry, confused woman wandered into my class and said:“I have three guns and I want to use them.”We all 26 . It wasn't clear if she had the guns, but we each know that, when we teach in America, we are already in danger. I was dizzy with fear. The woman, who later turned out to be a schizophrenic (精神分 27 to her medications, was, by some force, wrestled out and 裂症患者)without 28 away, then put in a hospital for observation, in a step that was actually safer for everyone than any one of us pressing charges. My class went on; we talked about poems. But despite the fact that the rest of our days on campus passed 29 , I was rattled. I couldn't shake the sense that in this country we always live at . 30 risk. A few months later, crisis . 31 again. While my husband was locking his bike to drop off our 3-year-old daughter for her preschool-aged day camp, a different woman approached. Swiftly and for no . 32 reason, she bent down, picked up our daughter, and began to carry her down the street. It was so fast and confusing that my daughter 33 .cried. My husband, in a burst of speed, chased the woman and reclaimed our daughter. The woman, clearly confused, retreated into the public library. A 34 of . homeless people who generally know the other homeless in the area said they did not recognize the woman. The woman was so clearly unwell that when she was taken into custody she was incoherent. Heartbreakingly, she called our daughter by the name of someone else's child. Each part of the episode was as haunting as it was . 35 A)access I) network B) apparent J) overriding C) barely K)peacefully D) dedication L) presumably E) escorted M)stifled F) froze N)struck G) incredible O) terrifying H) indignant 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 8 页 共57页2022年12月大学英语六级选词填空第2套 The task of the global strategist of a business is to build a platform of capabilities derived from the resources, experiences and innovations of units operating in multiple locations, to transplant those capabilities wherever 26 and then to systematically upgrade and renew them—ahead of the competition. Apple is an outstanding case of a company whose unique capabilities give it a worldwide 27 advantage, particularly with respect to its ability to build platforms from a product base that integrates functional and . 28 design. Apple has been able to leverage and exploit its California-based design and marketing advantages successfully throughout the world. IKEA is another such case. The do-it-yourself furniture and houseware company first developed a compelling set of capabilities to design, manufacture and . 29 furniture at low cost and sell it in a novel way in Sweden. Later, IKEA successfully . 30 this formula in many other countries. By contrast, Telefonica, a Spanish telecommunications company that is now the world's fifth largest telecom by . 31 , first developed its special advantage abroad. In 1989 and 1990, Telefonica had the opportunity to enter Chile and Argentina, countries that shared many institutional and cultural characteristics with its home country but that were_ 32 .more rapid market reform.Throughout the 1990s, Telefonica took what it learned in Chile and Argentina about reconstructing former state-owned telecoms to other Latin American countries that were privatizing their state telecoms and deregulating their telecom markets. These examples might lead the reader to believe that creating a global advantage is an easy task. But many other . 33 of expensive failed experiments suggest that creating a lasting global advantage actually requires a great deal of 34 and operational finesse (技巧).Our research suggests that global winners typically create and sustain their international presence through a systematic process of 35 , renewing and enhancing their core capabilities. A)aesthetic I) reproduced B) appropriate J) revenues C) clusters K)safeguarding D) competitive L) ship E) exploiting M)strategic F) fiscal N) transcend G) instances O) undergoing H) rehabilitated 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 9 页 共 57 页2022年12月大学英语六级选词填空第3套 American colleges and universities are using 64 percent less coal than they did a decade ago, burning 700,000 tons last year, down from 2 million tons in 2008, the U.S. 26 yesterday. Energy Information Administration (EIA) said in a report . All 57 schools that were burning coal in 2008 are using less now, and 20 have . 27 coal completely, EIA found. Most universities have turned to natural gas as a 28 , with state funding backing the fuel switch. While academic institutions use less than 0.1 percent of U.S. coal burned for power, campus coal use has a history dating back to the 1800s when 29 to power was scarce. Many universities still operate their own power plants. The Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978 encouraged more electricity generation by allowing institutions to sell . 30 power to utilities. But EIA noted many coal-fired universities have signed onto the American College and University Presidents Climate Commitment, which was launched in 2007. About 665 schools are part of the program, which aims to . 31 greenhouse gas emissions. Thirty percent of the participants have pledged to be carbon 32 within 20 years. The Sierra Club's Beyond Coal campaign, which also leads campaigns for universities to withdraw their . 33 in coal and other fossil fuels, lists 22 schools that have pledged to move“beyond coal,” including Clemson University, Indiana University, Ohio University, Penn State University, the University of Louisville and the University of Tennessee, Knoxville. The largest coal use . 34 .at colleges were in Michigan, Missouri, Tennessee and Indiana. Indiana's universities alone cut coal 35 by 81 percent between 2008 and 2015. During the same period, Michigan made an 80 percent cut and Tennessee cut back by 94 percent at state institutions. A)abandoned I) neutral B) access J) reductions C) consumption K)released D) contrive L) replacement E) duplications M) slash F)investments N) surplus G) mobilized O) void H) negligent 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 10 页 共 57 页2022年09月大学英语六级选词填空全1套 The now extinct passenger pigeon has the dubious honor of being the last species anyone ever expected to disappear. At one point, there were more passenger pigeons than any other species of bird. Rough 26 of their population went as high as five billion and they accounted for around 40 percent of the total indigenous bird population of North America in the early 19th century. Despite their huge population, passenger pigeons were 27 to human intrusion into their nesting territory. Their nests were shabby things and two weeks after the eggs 28 , the parent pigeons would abandon their offspring, leaving them to take care of . themselves. People discovered that these baby pigeons were really tasty, and the adult birds were also quite 29 . First the Native Americans and then the transplanted Europeans came to consider the birds a great . 30 By the 1850s, commercial trapping of passenger pigeons was proceeding at an 31 pace. Hundreds of thousands of the birds were being harvested every day to be made into popular pigeon pies. In addition, large 32 of the pigeons' nesting territory were being cleared away for planting crops and creating pasture land. As numerous as the passenger pigeons were, they were not an 33 .resource. By the 1880s, it was noticed that the bird population had become seriously . 34 . The last passenger pigeons killed in the wild were shot in 1899 , a Eventually those billions and billions of birds shrank to a single remaining . 35 passenger pigeon named Martha, who died on September 1,1914, in captivity at the Cincinnati Zoo. In addition to being the end of an era, it was also the first time humans were able to exactly time the extinction of a species. A)vulnerable I) hatched B) unprecedented J) expired C) tracts K)excerpts D)specimen L) estimates E) robust M)edible F) refuge N) depleted G) plazas O) delicacy H) infinite 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 11 页 共 57 页2022年06月大学英语六级选词填空第1套 The city of Bath was founded by the Romans almost two thousand years ago. It has been famous for its . 26 pleasing architecture and healing thermal springs ever since. There are three hot springs in Bath; one is the King's Spring, upon which the Roman Baths and a temple were 27 . The other two are the Cross Spring and the Hetling Spring, close to each other in Hot Bath Street. Although Bath is . 28 known as a Roman and Georgian city, many people came in the intervening centuries to make use of the 29 waters. While the Georgians made 'taking the waters' or bathing particularly fashionable, it was . 30 generations who paved the way, creating greater interest in Bath and its springs. Charles Ⅱ, desperate for an heir and unable to produce a 31 son, came to Bath to take the waters in the hope that their magical powers would do something to 32 the situation. Craving for a male heir, James and Mary both came to Bath and soon after produced a son, which bred many conspiracy theories about who was the real father of their 33 . Regardless, the'miracle'created something of a boom in tourism for Bath and once Queen Anne had paid a visit in 1702, sealing it as the place to be, the whole nation 34 to the city. Afterwards, the spas(矿泉疗养浴场) in Bath continued to go in and out of fashion for more than 150 years until they closed completely. The new Bath Spa, which opened in 2006, 35 modern architecture with the ancient spring, now the New Royal Bath. A)aesthetically I) offspring B) constructed J) previous C) designates K)principally D) extract L) remedy E) flocked M) rhetorically F) incorporates N) sneaked G) legitimate O) versatile H)natural 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 12 页 共 57 页2022年06月大学英语六级选词填空第2套 Thinking kind thoughts about yourself and your loved ones can prove beneficial for your overall wellbeing, empirical evidence has shown. Researchers carried out an investigation to explore the . 26 between having kind thoughts and a person's psychological state. For the study, five groups of participants were presented with a different set of audio instructions, some of which encouraged the participants to think 27 about themselves and others which persuaded them to think in a self-critical manner. After listening to the audio instructions, the participants were asked to answer a series of questions. These included whether they felt agitated, how likely they were to show kindness to themselves and how 28 they felt to other individuals. The participants who were instructed to think kindly about themselves were more likely to exhibit a bodily response associated with being relaxed and feeling safe. Their heart rates also dropped, which is a healthy sign of a heart that can respond flexibly to situations. Yet, 29 , those who listened to the critical audio clips were noted as having a higher heart rate and sweat response afterwards, both of which 30 feelings of threat and distress. a Having the ability to switch off the body's natural threat response can 31 person's immune system. This, in turn, gives them a greater likelihood of recovering quickly from illness. These findings help us to further understand some of our clinical trials research findings, where we show that individuals with . 32 depression benefit particularly from self-awareness-based 33 therapy. They essentially learn to become more sympathetic to themselves. The sense is that for people . 34 to depression, meeting their negative thoughts and feelings with 35 .is a radically different way; that these thoughts are not facts. It introduces a different way of being and knowing that is quite transformative for many people. A) adversely I) indignantly B) amiably J) insulation C) boost K)lavish D) cognitive L) prone E) compassion M) recurrent F)connected N) signify G) correlation O) surpass H)fascinated 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 13 页 共 57 页2021年12月大学英语六级选词填空第1套 If you think life is wonderful and expect it to stay that way, then you may have a good chance of living to a ripe old age, at least that is what the findings of a new study suggest. That study found that participants who reported the highest levels of optimism were far more likely to live to age 85 or . 26 . This was compared to those participants who reported the lowest levels of optimism. It is . 27 that the findings held even after the researchers considered factors that could . 28 the link, including whether participants had health conditions such as heart disease or cancer, or whether they experienced depression. The results add to a growing body of evidence that certain psychological factors may predict a longer life . 29 . For example, previous studies have found that more optimistic people have a lower risk of developing chronic diseases, and a lower risk of 30 death. However, the new study appears to be the first to 31 look at the relationship between optimism and longevity. The researchers 32 that the link found in the new study was not as strong when they factored in the effects of certain health behaviors, including exercise levels, sleep habits and diet. This suggests that these behaviors may, at least in part, explain the link. In other words, optimism may . 33 .good , as habits that bolster health. It is also important to note that the study found only a . 34 researchers did not prove for certain that optimism leads to a longer life. However, if the findings are true, they suggest that optimism could serve as a psychological . 35 that promotes health and a longer life. A) affect I) plausibly B) beyond J)premature C) conceded K) reconciled D) correlation L) span E) foster M)specifically F)henceforth N)spiral G) lofty O) trait H) noteworthy 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 14 页 共 57 页2021年12月大学英语六级选词填空第2套 According to psychologist Sharon Draper, our clothing choices can absolutely affect our well-being. When we wear ill-fitting clothes, or feel over- or under-dressed for an event, it's natural to feel self-conscious or even stressed. Conversely, she says, opting for clothes that fit well and . 26 with your sense of style can improve your confidence. But can you improve your health through your . 27 clothing, without having to dash out and buy a whole new . 28 ?“Absolutely,”says Draper. If your goal is to improve your thinking, she recommends picking clothes that fit well and are unlikely to encourage restlessness, so, avoid bows, ties and unnecessary 29 . It also helps to opt for clothes you . 30 as tying in with your goals, so, if you want to perform better at work, select pieces you view as professional. Draper says this fits in with the concept of behavioral activation, whereby . 31 in a behavior (in this case, selecting clothes) can set you on the path to then achieving your goals (working harder). Another way to improve your . 32 .of mind is to mix things up. Draper says we often feel stuck in a rut(常规)if we wear the same clothes—even if they're our favorites — thus opting for an item you don't wear often, or adding something different to an outfit, such as a hat, can 33 shift your mood. On days when you're really . 34 . to brave the world, Draper suggests selecting sentimental items of clothing, such as ones you wore on a special day, or given to you by a loved one, as clothes with 35 associations can help you tap into constructive emotions. A)accessories I) perceive B) align J) positively C) concurrently K)profile D) current L) prospering E)engaging M) reluctant F)fond N) showcase G) frame O) wardrobe H) locations 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 15 页 共 57 页2021年06月大学英语六级选词填空第1套 A new study has drawn a bleak picture of cultural inclusiveness reflected in the children's literature available in Australia. Dr. Helen Adam from Edith Cowan University's School of Education 26 the cultural diversity of children's books. She examined the books 27 in the kindergarten rooms of four day-care centers in Western Australia. Just 18 percent of 2,413 books in the total collection contained any 28 of non-white people. Minority cultures were often featured in stereotypical or tokenistic ways, for example, by. 29 Asian culture with chopsticks and traditional dress. Characters that did represent a minority culture usually had . 30 roles in the books. The main characters were mostly Caucasian. This causes concern as it can lead to an impression that whiteness is of greater value. Dr. Adam said children formed impressions about 'difference' and identity from a very young age. Evidence has shown they develop own-race . 31 .from as young as three months of age. The books we share with young children can be a valuable opportunity to develop children's understanding of themselves and others. Books can also allow children to see diversity. They discover both similarities and differences between themselves and others. This can help develop understanding,acceptance and . 32 of diversity. Census data has shown Australians come from more than 200 countries. They speak over 300 languages at home. Additionally, Australians belong to more than 100 different religious groups. They also work in more than 1,000 different occupations.“Australia is a multicultural society. The current . 3 33 promotion of white middle-class ideas and lifestyles risks 34 children from minority groups. This can give white middle-class children a sense of 35 or privilege,” Dr. Adam said. A)alienating I) representation B) appreciation J) safeguarded C) bias K)secondary D) fraud L) superiority E) housed M)temperament F) investigated N) tentative G) overwhelming O) threshold H) portraying 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第16 页 共57 页2021年06月大学英语六级选词填空第2套 I'm always baffled when I walk into a pharmacy and see shelves bursting with various vitamins, extracts and other supplements, all promising to accelerate or promote weight loss. 26 , weight loss is dictated by the Aisles of marketing genius belie(掩饰) the fact that,. laws of arithmetic. Economist Jessica Irvine wrote a book about how she used math to help her lose more than 18 kilograms. If calories taken in are less than calories . 27 , weight shall be lost, and so it is with money. Despite the . 28 of financial products, services and solutions geared towards accumulating wealth, it all begins with the same 29 :getting ahead financially requires a reduction of spending, so that income is greater than expenses. I was reminded of this again recently listening to an interview with Nicole Haddow, the author of Smashed Avocado, explaining how she cracked the property market at 31. It was quite a 30 given where she had been two years earlier. Nicole didn't celebrate her 30th birthday as she had . 31 . She was sobbing at the dinner table with her parents, with whom she had just moved back in. She had no stable income,$ 12,000 in credit-card debt and no plan, but to her 32, her father, an accountant, told her that her financial . 33 wasn't as bad as she thought. He said,on her income, with some changes, she would be able to buy an investment unit within two years, which she did Nieole admitted she was fortunate, as she was able to live with her parents and 34 her spending — and life — to get herself on track financially. Creating a gap between her income and spending required a paradigm shift and . 35 sacrifice and commitment, but by going into financial lockdown, Nicole gained financial independence. A)abundance I) impetus B) astonishment J) overhaul C) entailed K)permanently D) envisaged L) plight E) equation M)prosper F)expended N) shatter G)feat O) ultimately H) fiscally 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 17 页 共 57页2021年06月大学英语六级选词填空第3套 At 43, I've reached the stage where women are warned to watch out for the creeping sadness of middle age. We're served up an endless stream of advice on "how to survive your 40s”, as if we're in the endurance stage of a slow limp toward . 26 . This is the age women start to become“invisible”—our value,attractiveness and power supposedly 27 by the vanishing of youth. But I don't feel like I'm fading into . 28 . I feel more seen than I ever have, and for the first time in my life, I have a clear-eyed view of myself that is . 29 , compassionate and accepting. When I look in the mirror, I'm proud of who I am—even those"broken" parts that for so long seemed impossible to love. So when advertisers try to sell me ways to "turn back the clock”, I have to . 30 a laugh. I wouldn't go back to the crippling self-consciousness of my youth if you paid me. This hard-won sense of self-acceptance is one of the joys of being an older woman. But it's a narrative often 31 out by the shame that marketers rely on to peddle us their diet pills, miracle face creams and breathable yoga pants—as if self-love is a 32 commodity. For some women I know, this sense of trust and self-belief later in life gave them the courage to leave dysfunctional relationships or 33 on new career paths. Others talked about enjoying their own company, of growth through 34 , deepening bonds of friendships, the ability to be more compassionate, less judgmental and to listen more and appreciate the small pleasures. Life past 40 is far from smooth sailing, but it's so much more than the reductive . 35 we see in women's magazines and on the Hollywood big screen. A)adversity I) neglected B) authentic J) obscurity C) convey K)outlines D)depictions L) prevalent E) diminished M)purchasable F)drowned N) submit G) embark O) suppress H)fragility 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 18 页 共 57 页2020年12月大学英语六级选词填空第1套 The idea of taxing things that are bad for society has a powerful allure. It offers the possibility of a double benefit —. 26 harmful activities, while also providing the government with revenue. Take sin taxes. Taxes on alcohol make it more expensive to get drunk, which reduces excessive drinking and . 27 driving. At the same time, they provide state and local governments with billions of dollars of revenue. Tobacco taxes, which generate more than twice as much, have proven 28 in the decline of smoking, which has saved millions of lives. Taxes can also be an important tool for environmental protection, and many economists say taxing carbon would be the best way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Economic theory says that unlike income or sales taxes, carbon taxes can actually increase economic efficiency; because companies that . 29 carbon dioxide into the sky don't pay the costs of the climate change they cause, carbon taxes would restore the proper 30 to the market. In reality, carbon taxes alone won't be enough to halt global warming, but they would be a useful part of any climate plan. What's more, the revenue from this tax, which would 31 be hundreds of billions of dollars per year, could be handed out to citizens as a 32 or used to fund green infrastructure projects. Similarly, a wealth tax has been put forward as a way to reduce inequality while raising revenue. The revenue from this tax, which some experts . 33 will be over $4 trillion per decade, would be designated for housing, child care, health care and other government benefits. If you believe, as many do, that wealth inequality is 34 _bad, then these taxes improve society while also 35 .government coffers (金库). A)discouraging I) initially B) dividend J) instrumental C)emotional K)merging D) fragments L) predict E) impaired M) probably F)imprisoned N) pump G) incentives O) swelling H) inherently 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 19页 共 57 页2020年12月大学英语六级选词填空第2套 Virtually every activity that entails or facilitates in-person human interaction seems to be in the midst of a total meltdown as the coronavirus(冠状病毒)outbreak erases Americans' desire to travel. Amtrak says bookings are down 50 percent and cancelations are up 300 percent. Hotels in San Francisco are experiencing 26 rates between 70 and 80 percent. Broadway goes dark on Thursday night. Universities, now emptying their campuses, have never tried online learning on this . 27 . White-collar companies like Amazon, Apple, and the New York Times are asking employees to work from home for the 28 future. But what happens after the coronavirus? In some ways, the answer is: All the old normal stuff. The pandemic(大流行病)will 29 economies and destroy routines, but it will pass. Americans will never take lives,_ stop going to basketball games. They won't stop going on vacation. They'll meet to do business. No decentralizing technology so far — not telephones, not television, and not the internet — has dented that human desire to shake hands, despite technologists’ 30 to the contrary Yet there are real reasons to think that things will not return to the way they were last week.Small . 31 create small societal shifts; big ones change things for good. The New York transit strike of 1980 is 32 with prompting several long-term changes in the city,including bus and bike lanes, and women wearing sports shoes to work. The Spanish flu pandemic of 1918 prompted the development of national health care in Europe. Here and now, this might not even be a question of . 33 . It's not clear that the cruise industry will . 34 . Or that public transit won't go broke without . 35 .assistance. The infrastructure might not even be in place to do what we were doing in 2019. A)credentials I) scale B)credited J) strangle C) cumulative K) subtle D) disruptions L) summoned E) federal M) survive F) foreseeable N) vacancy G) predictions O) wedge H)preference 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 20 页 共 57 页2020年12月大学英语六级选词填空第3套 Social distancing is putting people out of work, canceling school and tanking the stock market. It has been . 26 by fear, and it is creating even more fear as money problems and uncertainty grow. However, at its core is love, and a sacrifice to protect those most . 27 to the coronavirus(冠状病毒)effects — the elderly, people with compromised immune systems, and those whose life-saving resources would be used up by a 28 _ epidemic. Americans make life-saving decisions every day as a matter of course. We cut food into bite-sized pieces, we wear seatbelts, and we take care not to exceed the speed limit. But social distancing is 29 in that it is completely self-sacrificing. Those who will benefit may be the elderly relatives of the . 30 person we didn't pass in Starbucks, on the subway, or in the elevator. Social distancing is millions of people making hundreds of sacrifices to keep the elderly alive. It doesn't include the . 31 to run from society or make an excuse to avoid one's obligations — such as life-saving medical work or the parental obligation to buy groceries. What it does include is applying love through caution. And in doing so, it offers an 32 opportunity for those who care about the elderly to find new ways to love them. If we're not . 33 as much in our normal work or school, we have extra time to call parents and grandparents. We can also ask elderly relatives how to best support them 34 and use our sacrifices as an opportunity to bring us, our community and the world 35 A)amazing I) sentimentally B) closer J) spiritually C) driven K)temptations D) engaged L) thriftier E) malignant M)tickled F) oppressing N) unique G) premises O) vulnerable H) random 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 21页 共 57 页2020年09月大学英语六级选词填空第1套 Overall, men are more likely than women to make excuses. Several studies suggest that men feel the need to appear competent in all . 26 , while women worry only about the skills in which they've invested . 27 . Ask a man and a woman to go diving for the first time, and the woman is likely to jump in, while the man is likely to say he's not feeling too well Ironically, it is often success that leads people to flirt with failure. Praise won for 28 a skill suddenly puts one in the position of having everything to lose. Rather than putting their reputation on the line again, many successful people develop a handicap — drinking,. 29 , depression—that allows them to keep their status no matter what the future brings. An advertising executive 30 for depression shortly after winning an award put it this way:“Without my depression, I'd be a failure now, with it, I'm a success ‘on hold.” In fact, the people most likely to become chronic excuse makers are those . 31 with success. Such people are so afraid of being . 32 a failure at anything that they constantly develop one handicap or another in order to explain away failure. Though self-handicapping can be an effective way of coping with performance anxiety now and then, in the end, researchers say, it will lead to . 33 . In the long run, excuse makers fail to live up to their true . 34 . and lose the status they care so much about. And despite their protests to the . 35 , they have only themselves to blame. A) contrary I) momentum B) fatigue J) obsessed C) heavily K)potential D)heaving L) realms E) hospitalized M) reciprocal F)labeled N) ruin G) legacies O) viciously H)mastering 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 22 页 共 57 页2020年09月大学英语六级选词填空第2套 It was perhaps when my parents—who also happen to be my housemates—left to go travelling for a couple of months recently that it 26 on me why I had not yet left the family home. It wasn't that I relied on them for 27 .reasons, or to keep my life in order, or to ease the chaos of the home. These days, I rely on them for their company. I missed coming home and talking about my day at work, and I missed being able to read their faces and sense how their day was. I missed having unique . 28 into tiny details that make a life. While the conversation about young adults staying longer at home is 29 by talk of laziness, of dependence, of an inability for young people to pull themselves together,. 30 do we talk of the way, in my case at least, my relationship with my parents has . 31 strengthened the longer we have lived together. Over the years the power dynamic has changed and is no longer defined by one being the giver and another, the taker. So, what does this say for our relationships within the family home? According to psychologist Sabina Read, there are “some very positive possible . 32 when adult children share the family home”, noting the“parent-child relationship may indeed strengthen and mature" in the process. But, she notes, a strong . 33 doesn't simply come with time.“The many changing factors of the relationship need to be acknowledged, rather than hoping that the mere passage of time will . 34connect parents to their adult children. It's important to acknowledge that the relationship parameters have changed to avoid falling back into 35 from the teen years.” A)bond I) magically B) contemplated J) outcomes C) dawned K)patterns D) hierarchy L) rarely E) insight M) saturated F) legislative N) stereotypes G) leverage O) undoubtedly H) logistical 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 23页 共 57 页2020年07月大学英语六级选词填空全1套 The United Nations issued a report last week warning that humans are destroying nature at such a rate that life on Earth is at risk. When the report came out, it naturally 26 _headlines. But obviously it didn't hijack the news agenda in the manner of a major terrorist attack or . 27 of war. The report from the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and 28 and what needs to change. Ecosystem Services(IPBES) is clear on what's at IPBES chair Robert Watson says the“. 29 . evidence”presents an“ominous (凶兆的) _ more picture".“The health of ecosystems on which we and all other species depend is . 30 rapidly than ever,” Robert Watson said.“We are 31 the very foundations of our economies, livelihoods, food security, health and quality of life worldwide.” The report says it's not too late if we make“transformative change"—fundamental, system-wide reorganization—at every level from local to global ,and we need to focus on how to make that happen. First, don't indulge in despair, because despair leads to inertia and doing nothing means certain 32 . Every action to save nature will improve our collective and personal futures and the only way to respond to a threat of this scale is with . 33 action rooted in headstrong optimism. Second, we need relentless focus, just like when paramedics (救护人 员)arrive on a scene and use the concept of“triage(伤员鉴别分类)”to ensure the most 34 cases get treated first. Saving the natural world needs that kind of thinking. We don't have the 35 to do everything at once. We need to make hard choices. A)capacity I) junction B) declaration J) monotonous C) deteriorating K)overwhelming D) determined L) stagnation E) disaster M) stake F)eroding N)stifled G) grabbed O) urgent H) inventory 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 24 页 共 57 页2019年12月大学英语六级选词填空第1套 When considering risk factors associated with serious chronic diseases, we often think about health indicators such as cholesterol, blood pressure, and body weight. But poor diet and physical inactivity also each increase the risk of heart disease and have a role to play in the development of some cancers. Perhaps worse, the . 26 effects of an unhealthy diet and insufficient exercise are not limited to your body. Recent research has also shown that 27 in a high-fat and high-sugar diet may have negative effects on your brain, causing learning and memory . 28 Studies have found obesity is associated with impairments in cognitive functioning, as 29 by a range of learning and memory tests, such as the ability to remember a list of words presented some minutes or hours earlier. There is also a growing body of evidence that diet-induced cognitive impairments can emerge . 30 . 一 within weeks or even days. For example, one study found healthy adults 31 to a high-fat diet for five days showed impaired attention, memory, and mood compared with a low-fat diet control group. Another study also found eating a high-fat and high-sugar breakfast each day for as little as four days resulted in problems with learning and memory 32 to those observed in overweight and obese individuals. Body weight was not hugely different between the groups eating a healthy diet and those on high fat and sugar diets. So this shows negative . 33 of poor dietary intake can occur even when body weight has not changed . 34 . Thus, body weight is not always the best indicator of health and a thin person still needs to eat well and exercise 35 A)assessed I) excelling B)assigned J) indulging C) consequences K) loopholes D) conspicuously L) rapidly E) deficits M) redundant F) designated N) regularly G) detrimental O) similar H)digestion 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 25 页 共 57 页2019年12月大学英语六级选词填空第2套 The persistent haze over many of our cities is a reminder of the polluted air that we breathe. Over 80of the world's urban population is breathing air that fails to meet World Health Organisation guidelines, and an estimated 4.5 million people died . 26 from outdoor air pollution in 2015. Globally, urban populations are expected to double in the next 40 years, and an extra 2 billion people will need new places to live, as well as services and ways to move around their cities. What is more important, the decisions that we make now about the design of our cities will 27 the everyday lives and health of the coming generations. So what would a smog-free, or at least low-pollution, city be like? Traffic has become 28 with air pollution, and many countries intend to ban the sale of new petrol and diesel cars in the next two decades. But simply . 29 to electric cars will not mean pollution-free cities. The level of emissions they cause will depend on how the electricity to run them is. 30 , while brakes, tyres and roads all create tiny airborne 31 as they wear out. Across the developed world, car use is in decline as more people move to city centers, while young people especially are 32 for other means of travel. Researchers are already asking if motor vehicle use has reached its . 33 and will decline, but transport planners have yet to catch up with this 34 , instead of laying new roads to tackle traffic jams. As users of London's orbital M25 motorway will know, new roads rapidly fill with more traffic. In the US, studies have shown that doubling the size of a road can . 35 double the traffic, taking us back to the starting point. A) alternate I) particles B) crown J) peak C)determine K)prematurely D)generated L) simply E)locating M)switching F) merged N)synonymous G)miniatures O) trend H)opting 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 26 页 共 57 页2019年12月大学英语六级选词填空第3套 The number of devices you can talk to is multiplying—first it was your phone, then your car, and now you can tell your kitchen appliances what to do. But even without gadgets that understand our spoken commands, research suggests that, as bizarre as it sounds, under certain . 26 , people regularly ascribe human traits to everyday objects. Sometimes we see things as human because we are . 27 . In one experiment, people who reported feeling isolated were more likely than others to attribute 28 to various gadgets. In turn, feeling close to objects can . 29 loneliness. When college students were reminded of a time they had been 30 in a social setting, they compensated by exaggerating their number of friends—unless they were first given tasks that caused them to interact with their phone as if it had human qualities. According to the researchers,the participants' phones 31 _substituted for real friends. At other times, we personify products in an effort to understand them. One study found that three in four respondents yelled at their computer. Further, the more their computer gave them problems, the more likely the respondents were to report that it had its .” own"beliefs and 32 So how do people assign traits to an object? In part, we rely on looks. On humans, wide faces are 33 with dominance. Similarly, people rated cars, clocks, and watches with wide faces as more dominant-looking than narrow-faced ones, and preferred them— especially in. 34 situations. An analysis of car sales in Germany found that cars with grilles(护栅)that were up turned like smiles sold best. The purchasers saw this 35 as increasing a car's friendliness. A) alleviate I) desires B) apparently J) excluded C) arrogant K) feature L) lonely D) associated E) circumstances M) separate F) competitive N) spectacularly G) conceded O) warrant H) consciousness 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 27 页 共 57页2019年 06月大学英语六级选词填空第1套 Pasta is no longer off the menu, after a new review of studies suggested that the carbohydrate can form part of a healthy diet, and even help people lose weight. For years, nutritionists have recommended that pasta be kept to a 26 , to cut calories, prevent fat build-up and stop blood sugar . 27 _up. The low-carbohydrate food movement gave birth to such diets as the Atkins, Paleo and Keto, which advised swapping foods like bread, pasta and potatoes for vegetables, fish and meat. More recently the trend of swapping spaghetti for vegetables has been . 28 . by clean-eating experts But now a . 29 review and analysis of 30 studies by Canadian researchers found that not only does pasta not cause weight gain, but three meals a week can help people drop more than half a kilogram over four months. The reviewers found that pasta had been 30 in with other, more fat- unfairly demonized(妖魔化)because it had been promoting carbohydrates. “The study found that pasta didn't 31 to weight gain or increase in body fat,” said lead author Dr John Sievenpiper.“ In . 32 the evidence, we can now say with some confidence that pasta does not have an 33 _effect on body weight outcomes when it is consumed as part of a healthy dietary pattern." In fact, analysis actually showed a small weight loss 34 to concerns. Perhaps pasta can be part of a healthy diet. Those involved in the . 35 .trials on average ate 3.3 servings of pasta a week instead of other carbohydrates, one serving equaling around half a cup. They lost around half a kilogram over an average follow-up of 12 weeks. A)adverse I) minimum B)championed J) radiating C) clinical K)ration D)contrary L) shooting E) contribute M)subscribe F) intimate N) systematic G) lumped O) weighing H)magnified 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 28 页 共 57 页2019年 06月大学英语六级选词填空第2套 The dream of personalised flight is still vivid in the minds of many inventors, some developing cycle-powered craft, others 26 money into jetpacks(喷气飞行背包) However, the flying car has always remained the . 27 .symbol of personal transport freedom. Several companies around the world have produced . 28 that can drive on roads and fly. Airbus has a futuristic modular(组件式的) concept involving a passenger capsule that can be . 29 from the road-going chassis(底盘) and picked up by a helicopter-type machine But all these concepts are massively expensive, require safety certification standards for road and air, need . 30 controls, involve complex folding wings and propellers, and have to be flown from air-strips. So they are likely to remain rich people's playthings rather than practical transport solutions for the masses. “A car that takes off from some London street and lands in another . 31 street is unlikely to happen,"says Prof. Gray, a leading aeronautical engineer. “Sky taxis are much more likely.” But that won't stop inventors from dreaming up new ways to fly and trying to persuade investors to back their sometimes 32 schemes. Civilian aviation is being disrupted, not by the age-old desires for speed, romanticism and . 33 , but by the pressing need to respond to a changing climate. New electric engines coupled with artificial intelligence and 34 systems will contribute to a more efficient, integrated transport system that is less polluting and less noisy. That may sound simple, but as Prof. Gray says,“When I travel somewhere I like this notion that when I finish my journey I feel better than when I started it. That's completely at 35 with how I feel today.” Now that would be progress. A)autonomous I) pouring B) detached J) prototypes C) dual K) random D)glamour L) repressing E) imminent M)segmented F) odds N) spectrum G) opposites O) ultimate H) outrageous 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 29页 共 57 页2019年 06月大学英语六级选词填空第3套 Steel is valued for its reliability, but not when it gets cold. Most forms of steel . 26 become brittle(脆的)at temperatures below about-25℃ unless they are mixed with other metals. Now, though, a novel type of steel has been developed that resists 27 at much lower temperatures, while remaining its strength and toughness-without the need for expensive 28 Steel's fragility at low temperatures first became a major concern during the Second World War. After German U-boats torpedoed(用鱼雷攻击)numerous British ships, a 2700-strong fleet of cheap-and-cheerful"Liberty ships"was introduced to replace the lost vessels, providing a lifeline for the 29 British. But the steel shells of hundreds of the ships 30 in the icy north Atlantic, and 12 broke in half and sank. Brittleness remains a problem when building steel structures in cold conditions, such as oil rigs in the Arctic. So scientists have 31 to find a solution by mixing it with expensive metals such as nickel. Yuuji Kimura and colleagues in Japan tried a more physical 32 . Rather than adding other metals, they developed a complex mechanical process involving repeated heating and very severe mechanical deformation, known as tempforming The resulting steel appears to achieve a combination of strength and toughness that is 33 to that of modern steels that are very rich in alloy content and, therefore, very expensive Kimura's team intends to use its tempformed steel to make ultra-high strength parts, such as bolts. They hope to reduce both the number of 34 needed in a construction job and their weight - by replacing solid supports with . 35 tubes, for example. This could reduce the amount of steel needed to make everything from automobiles to buildings and bridges. A) abruptly I) cracked B) additives J) fractures C) approach K) hollow D) ardently L) relevant E) besieged M) reshuffled F)channel N)strived G)comparable O) violent H) components 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 30 页 共 57 页2018年12月大学英语六级选词填空第1套 Just off the coast of Southern California sits Santa Cruz Island, where a magical creature called the island fox 26 . A decade ago, this island's ecosystem was in . 27 Wild pigs attracted golden eagles from the mainland, and those flying . 28 crashed the fox population. So the Nature Conservancy launched a 29 war against the pigs, complete with helicopters and sharp shooters. And it worked. Today,federal agencies are pulling the island fox from the Endangered Species List. It's the fastest-ever recovery of a mammal, joining peers like the Louisiana black bear as glowing successes in the history of the Endangered Species Act. But the recovery of Santa Cruz Island isn't just about the fox. The Nature Conservancy has 30 war on a multitude of invasive species here, from sheep to plants to the . 31 .Argentine ant.“Our philosophy with the island has always been, ‘OK, 32 the threats and let the island go back to what it was," says ecologist Christina Boser. And it appears to be working. Native plants are coming back, and the fox once again bounds about carefree. But keeping those foxes from harm will occupy Boser and her colleagues for years to come. You see, humans are still allowed on Santa Cruz Island, and they bring dogs. So Boser has to vaccinate her foxes against various diseases."We're obligated to keep a pulse on the population for at least five years after the foxes are delisted,"says Boser. That includes tagging the foxes and 33 their numbers to ensure nothing goes wrong. This is the story of the little fox that has come back, and the people who have 34 their lives to protecting it. This is the story of wildlife conservation in the age of mass _ 35 A) aggressive I) hinders B) chaos J) mammal C) configuratior K)monitoring D)declared L) predators E) dedicated M) remove F)dwells N) tempt G) extinction O) underlying H) fierce 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 31 页 共 57 页2018年12月大学英语六级选词填空第2套 Surfing the Internet during class doesn't just steal focus from the educator, it also hurts students who're already struggling to . 26 the material. A new study from Michigan State University, though, argues that all students—including high achievers—see a decline in performance when they browse the Internet during class for non-academic purposes. To measure the effects of Internet-based distractions during class, researchers 27 500 students taking an introductory psychology class at Michigan State University. Researchers used ACT scores as a measure of intellectual . 28 . Because previous research has shown that people with high intellectual abilities are better at 29 out distractions, researchers believed students with high ACT scores would not show a . 30 decrease in performance due to their use of digital devices. But students who surfed the web during class did worse on their exams regardless of their ACT scores, suggesting that even the academically smartest students are harmed when they're distracted in class. College professors are increasingly . 31 alarm bells about the effects smartphones, laptops, and tablets have on academic performance. One 2013 study of college students found that 80of students use their phones or laptops during class, with the average student checking their digital device 11 times in a . 32 .class. A quarter of students report that their use of digital devices during class causes their grades to 33 Professors sometimes implement policies designed to . 34 .students' use of digital devices, and some instructors even confiscate(没收)tablets and phones. In a world where people are increasingly dependent on their phones, though, such strategies often fail. One international study found that 84of people say they couldn't go a day without their smartphones. Until students are able to 35 .the pull of social networking, texting, and endlessly surfing the web, they may continue to struggle in their classes. A) aptitude I) obscure B)eradication J) obsess C) evaluated K)raising D)evaporated L) resist E) filtering M)significant F)grasp N) suffer G) legacy O) typical H)minimize 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 32 页 共 57 页2018年12月大学英语六级选词填空第3套 In what's probably the craziest headline I've ever written, I've reported that . 26 in livestock protection are happening with scientists painting eyes on the butts of cows. The experiment is based upon the idea that farmers who're protecting their herd from lions would shoot and kill lions in an effort to protect their livestock. While this makes a lot of sense, it results in many lion deaths that . 27 would have been unnecessary. Researchers in Australia have been 28 and testing a method of trickery to make lions think they are being watched by the painted eyes on cow butts. This idea is based on the principle that lions and other 29 are far less likely to attack when they feel they are being watched. As conservation areas become smaller, lions are increasingly coming into contact with human populations, which are expanding to the 30 of these protected areas. Efforts like painting eyes on cow butts may seem crazy at first, but they could make actual headway in the fight for conservation.“If the method works, it could provide farmers in Botswana — and . 31 —with a low-cost, sustainable tool to protect their livestock, and a way to keep lions safe from being killed." Lions are 32 33 ambush (埋伏) hunters, so when they feel their prey has them, they usually give up on the hunt. Researchers are 34 .testing their idea on a select herd of cattle. They have painted half of the cows with eyes and left the other half as normal. Through satellite tracking of both the herd and the lions in the area, they will be able to . 35 if their psychological trickery will work to help keep farmers from shooting lions. A) advances I) otherwise B) boundaries J) predators C) challenging K)primarily D) currently L) retorted E) determine M) spotted F)devising N) testimonies G) elsewhere O) wrestle H) nevertheless 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 33 页 共 57 页2018年06月大学英语六级选词填空第1套 Scientists scanning and mapping the Giza pyramids say they've discovered that the Great Pyramid of Giza is not exactly even. But really not by much. This pyramid is the oldest of the world's Seven Wonders. The pyramid's exact size has 26 experts for centuries, as the“more than 21 acres of hard, white casing stones” that originally covered it were 27 long ago. Reporting in the most recent issue of the newsletter “AERAGRAM,”which 28 the work of the Ancient Egypt Research Associates, engineer Glen Dash says his team used a new measuring approach that involved finding any surviving 29 of the casing in order to determine where the original edge was. They found the east side of the pyramid to be a 30 of 5.5 inches shorter than the west side. The question that most . 31 him, however, isn't how the Egyptians who designed and built the pyramid got it wrong 4,500 years ago, but how they got it so close to . 32 “We can only speculate as to how the Egyptians could have laid out these lines with such 33 using only the tools they had,”Dash writes. He says his 34 is that the Egyptians laid out their design on a grid, noting that the great pyramid is oriented only 35 .away from the cardinal directions(its north-south axis runs 3 minutes 54 seconds west of due north, while its east-west axis runs 3 minutes 51 seconds north of due east)—an amount that's “tiny, but similar,” archeologist Atlas Obscura points out. A)chronicles I) perfect B) complete J) precision C) established K)puzzled D)fascinates L) remnants E) hypothesis M) removed F)maximum N) revelations G) momentum O) slightly H) mysteriously 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 34页 共 57 页2018年06月大学英语六级选词填空第2套 Did Sarah Josepha Hale write "Mary's Little Lamb," the eternal nursery rhyme(儿歌) about a girl named Mary with a stubborn lamb? This is still disputed, but it's clear that the woman 26 .for writing it was one of America's most fascinating 27 . In honor of the poem's publication on May 24,1830, here's more about the . 28 author's life. Hale wasn't just a writer, she was also a 29 social advocate, and she was particularly 30 with an ideal New England, which she associated with abundant Thanksgiving meals that she claimed had“a deep moral influence.” she began a nationwide 31 to have a national holiday declared that would bring families together while celebrating the 32 festivals. In 1863, after 17 years of advocacy including letters to five presidents, Hale got it. President Abraham Lincoln, during the Civil War, issued a 33 setting aside the last Thursday in November for the holiday. The true authorship of"Mary's Little Lamb"is disputed. According to the New England Historical Society, Hale wrote only part of the poem,but claimed authorship. Regardless of the author, it seems that the poem was . 34 by a real event. When young Mary Sawyer was followed to school by a lamb in 1816,it caused some problems. A bystander named John Roulstone wrote a poem about the event. Then, at some point, Hale herself seems to have helped write it. However, if a 1916 piece by her great-niece is to be trusted, Hale claimed for the . 35 of her life that “some other people pretended that someone else wrote the poem". A) campaign I) proclamation B) career J) rectified C) characters K)reputed D) features L) rest E) fierce M)supposed F) inspired N) traditional G) latter O) versatile H) obsessed 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 35 页 共 57 页2018年06月大学英语六级选词填空第3套 When Elon Musk says that his new priority is using artificial intelligence to build domestic robots, we should look forward to the day in admiration. Mr. Musk is a guy who gets things done. The founder of two tech companies, Tesla Motors and SpaceX, is bringing electric vehicles to mass market and 26 humans to live on other planets. This sounds like so much hot air, but the near $13 billion fortune this entrepreneur has 27 comes from practical achievements rather than hypothetical ones. A lot of clever people are . 28 about artificial intelligence, fearing that robots will : one day become so 29 that they'll murder all of us. These fears are mostly 30 as with hysteria about genetic modification, we humans are generally wise enough to manage these problems with speed and care. And just think of how wonderful it would be if you had a live-in robot. It could, 31 , be like having a babysitter and a nurse rolled into one—or, if that required 32 intelligence beyond the power of Mr. Musk's imagined machine, at least someone to chopt he carrots, wash the car and mow the lawn. Once purchased and trained, this would allow the 33 user to save money and time, freeing up . 34 space in our busy lives to read a good book That is why we welcome Mr. Musk's latest 35 , and wish him well. As long as robots add to the sum of human happiness, reduce suffering, and create time to read world- class journalism, we should be their fans, especially since journalism is one job robots will never do A) amassed D) misleading B) casual J) precious C) emotional K) reward D) enabling L) smart E) eventually M)sphere F)exaggerated N) terrified G) extravagant O) venture H) generously 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 36 页 共 57 页2017年12月大学英语六级选词填空第1套 In the past 12 months, Nigeria has suffered from a shrinking economy, a sliding currency, and a prolonged fuel shortage. Now, Africa's largest economy is facing a food crisis as major tomato fields have been destroyed by an insect, leading to a nationwide shortage and escalating prices. The insect, Tutaabsoluta, has destroyed 80of farms in Kaduna, Nigeria's largest tomato-producing state, leading the government there to declare a state of . 26 . The insect, also known as the tomato leaf miner, devastates crops by . 27 on fruits and digging into and moving through stalks. It . 28 incredibly quickly, breeding up to 12 generations per year if conditions are favorable. It is believed to have 29 in South America in the early 1900s, and later spread to Europe before crossing over to sub-Saharan Africa. In Nigeria, where tomatoes are a staple of local diets, the insect's effects are devastating. Retail prices for a . 30 of tomatoes at local markets have risen from $0.50 to $2.50. Farmers are reporting steep losses and a new $20 million tomato-paste factory has 31 production due to the shortages. Given the moth's ability also to attack crops like pepper and potatoes, Audu Ogbeh, Nigeria's minister of agriculture, has warned that the pest may "create serious problems for food . 32 ”in the country. Ogbeh says experts are investigating how to control the pest's damage and prevent its spread, which has gone largely . 33 .until now. Despite being the continent's second-largest producer of tomatoes, Nigeria is 34 on $1 billion worth of tomato-paste imports every year, as around 75of the local harvest goes to waste thanks to a lack of proper storage facilities. A further 35 in local supplies is yet another unwelcome setback to the industry. A)dependent I) originated B) embarking J) reduction C) emergency K)reproduces D)feeding L) security E) grazes M) terror F) halted N) unchecked G) handful O) untouched H) multitude 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 37 页 共 57 页2017年12月大学英语六级选词填空第2套 The Pacific island nation of Palau has become home to the sixth largest marine sanctuary in the world. The new marine reserve, now the largest in the Pacific, will 26 no fishing or mining. Palau also established the world's first shark sanctuary in 2009. The tiny island nation has set aside 500,000 square kilometres—80 percent—of its maritime . 27 , for full protection. That's the highest percentage of an . 28 economic zone devoted to marine conservation by any country in the world. The remaining 20 percent of the Palau seas will be reserved for local fishing by individuals and small-scale 29 fishing businesses with limited exports. “Island . 30 have been among the hardest hit by the threats facing the ocean," said President Tommy Remengesau Jr. in a statement.“Creating this sanctuary is a bold move that the people of Palau recognise as 31 to our survival. We want to lead the way in restoring the health of the ocean for future generations.” Palau has only been an 32 nation for twenty years and has a strong history of environmental protection. It is home to one of the world's finest marine ecosystems, with more than 1,300 species of fish and 700 species of coral. Senator Hokkons Baules, lead 33 of the Palau National Marine Sanctuary Act, said the sanctuary will“help build a 34 future for the Palauan people by honoring the conservation traditions of our past”. These include the centuries-old custom of“bul”, where leaders would call a temporary stop to fishing for key species in order to give fish 35 an opportunity to replenish (补充). A)allocate I) permit B) celebrities J) secure C)commercial K)solitary D) communities L) spectacle E) essential M) sponsor F) exclusive N) stocks G) independent O) territory H) indulge 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 38页 共 57 页2017年12月大学英语六级选词填空第3套 Many European countries have been making the shift to electric vehicles and Germany has just stated that they plan to ban the sale of vehicles using gasoline and diesel as fuel by 2030.The country is also planning to reduce its carbon footprint by 80-95y 2050, _a shift to green energy in the country. Effectively, the ban will include the 26 registration of new cars in the country as they will not allow any gasoline 27 _ vehicle to be registered after 2030. Part of the reason this ban is being discussed and . 28 is because energy officials see that they will not reach their emissions goals by 2050 if they do not 29 a large portion of vehicle emissions. The country is still 30 _that it will meet its emissions goals, like reducing emissions by 40y 2020, but the 31 of electric cars in the country has not occurred as fast as expected. Other efforts to increase the use of electric vehicles include plans to build over 1 million hybrid and electric car battery charging stations across the country. By 2030, Germany plans on having over 6 million charging stations 32 .According to the International Business Times, electric car sales are expected to increase as Volkswagen is still recovering from its emissions scandal. There are 33 around 155,000 registered hybrid and electric vehicles on German roads, dwarfed by the 45 million gasoline and diesel cars driving there now. As countries continue setting goals of reducing emissions, greater steps need to be taken to have a 34 effect on the surrounding environment. While the efforts are certainly not 35 , the results of such bans will likely only start to be seen by generations down the line, bettering the world for the future. A)acceptance I) incidentally B) currently J) installed C)disrupting K)noticeable D) eliminate L) powered E) exhaust M) restoration F) futile N) skeptical G) hopeful O) sparking H)implemented 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 39 页 共 57页2017年06月大学英语六级选词填空第1套 After becoming president of Purdue University in 2013, Mitch Daniels asked the faculty to prove that their students have actually achieved one of higher education's most important goals: critical thinking skills. Two years before, a nationwide study of college graduates had shown that more than a third had made no 26 gains in such mental abilities during their school years. Mr. Daniels needed to 27 the high cost of attending Purdue to its students and their families. After all, the percentage of Americans who say a college degree is “very important” has fallen 28 in the last 5-6 years. Purdue now has a pilot test to assess students'critical thinking skills. Yet like many college teachers around the U. S., the faculty remain 29 that their work as educators can be measured by a“learning . 30 ”such as a graduate's ability to investigate and reason. However, the professors need not worry so much. The results of a recent experiment showed that professors can use 31 metrics to measure how well students do in three key areas: critical thinking, written communication, and quantitative literacy. Despite the success of the experiment, the actual results are worrisome, and mostly 32 earlier studies. The organizers of the experiment concluded that far fewer students were achieving at high levels on critical thinking than they were doing for written communication or quantitative literacy. And that conclusion is based only on students nearing graduation American universities, despite their global 33 for excellence in teaching, have only begun to demonstrate what they can produce in real-world learning. Knowledge-based degrees are still important, but employers are 34 advanced thinking skills from college graduates. If the intellectual worth of a college degree can be 35 measured, more people will seek higher education—and come out better thinkers. A)accurately I) predominance B) confirm J) presuming C) demanding K)reputation D) doubtful L) significant E) drastically M) signify F) justify N) simultaneously G)monopolized O) standardized H) outcome 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 40 页 共 57 页2017年06月大学英语六级选词填空第2套 Half of your brain stays alert and prepared for danger when you sleep in a new place, a study has revealed. This phenomenon is often 26 to as the“first-night-effect”. Researchers from Brown University found that a network in the left hemisphere of the brain “remained more active” than the network in the right side of the brain. Playing sounds into 27 . was more likely to wake them the right ears (stimulating the left hemisphere) of . up than if the noises were played into their left ears. It was _28 observed that the left side of the brain was more active during deep sleep. When the researchers repeated the laboratory experiment on the second and third nights they found the left hemisphere could not be stimulated in the same way during deep sleep. The researchers explained that the study demonstrated when we are in a 29 environment the brain partly remains alert so that humans can defend themselves against any . 30 danger. The researchers believe this is the first time that the"first-night-effect" of different brain states has been 31 in humans. It isn't, however, the first time it has ever been seen. Some animal . 32 also display this phenomenon. For example, dolphins, as well as other . 33 .animals, shut down one hemisphere of the brain when they go to sleep. A previous study noted that dolphins always . 34 control their breathing. Without keeping the brain active while sleeping, they would probably drown.But, as the human study suggests, another reason for dolphins keeping their eyes open during sleep is that they can look out for 35 while asleep. It also keeps their physiological processes working. A)classified I) potential B) consciously J) predators C) dramatically K)referred D)exotic L) species E) identified M) specifically F) inherent N) varieties G) marine O) volunteers H) novel 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 41 页 共 57页2017年06月大学英语六级选词填空第3套 Let's all stop judging people who talk to themselves. New research says that those who can't seem to keep their inner monologues(独白)in are actually more likely to stay on task, remain 26 .better and show improved perception capabilities. Not bad, really, for some extra muttering. According to a series of experiments published in the Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology by professors Gary Lupyan and Daniel Swignley, the act of using verbal clues 27 mental pictures helps people function quicker. to __ and 28 In one experiment, they showed pictures of various objects to twenty asked them to find just one of those, a banana. Half were . 29 to repeat out loud what they were looking for and the other half kept their lips . 30 . Those who talked to themselves found the banana slightly faster than those who didn't, the researchers say. In other experiments, Lupyan and Swignley found that 31 the name of a common product when on the hunt for it helped quicken someone's pace, but talking about uncommon items showed no advantage and slowed you down. Common research has long held that talking themselves through a task helps children learn, although doing so when you've 32 matured is not a great sign of . 33 . The two professors hope to refute that idea, . 34 .that just as when kids walk themselves through a process, adults can benefit from using language not just to communicate, but also to help“augment thinking”. Of course, you are still encouraged to keep the talking at library tones and, whatever you do, keep the information you share simple, like a grocery list. At any . 35 , there's still such a thing as too much information. D obscurely A)apparently B) arrogance J) sealed C) brilliance K)spectators D)claiming L) trigger E) dedicated M) uttering F) focused N) volume G) incur O) volunteers H) instructed 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 42 页 共 57 页2016年12月大学英语六级选词填空第1套 It is important that scientists be seen as normal people asking and answering important questions. Good, sound science depends on 26 , experiments and reasoned methodologies. It requires a willingness to ask new questions and try new approaches. It requires one to take risks and experience failures. But good science also requires 27 understanding, clear explanation and concise presentation. Our country needs more scientists who are willing to step out in the public . 28 and offer their opinions on important matters. We need more scientists who can explain what they are doing in language that is . 29 and understandable to the public. Those of us who are not scientists should also be prepared to support public engagement by scientists, and to 30 .scientific knowledge into our public communications. Too many people in this country, including some among our elected leadership, still do not understand how science works or why robust, long-range investments in research vitally matter. In the 1960s, the United States 31 nearly 17of discretionary (可酌 32 decades of economic growth. 情支配的)spending to research and development, By 2008, the figure had fallen into the single 33 . This occurs at a time when other nations have made significant gains in their own research capabilities. 34 ourselves not only on the quality of At the University of California (UC), we our research, but also on its contribution to improving our world. To 35 the development of science from the lab bench to the market place, UC is investing our own money in our own good ideas. A) arena I) incorporate B) contextual J) indefinite C) convincing K)indulge D) devoted L) inertia E) digits M)pride F) hasten N) reaping G) hypotheses O) warrant H)impairing 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 43 页 共 57 页2016年12月大学英语六级选词填空第2套 . The tree people in the lord of the Rings—the Ents—can get around by walking. But for real trees, it's harder to uproot. Because they're literally rooted into the ground, they are unable to leave and go 26 When a tree first starts growing in a certain area, it's likely that the 27 envelope — the temperature, humidity, rainfall patterns and so on—suits it. Otherwise, it would be unable to grow from a seedling. But as it 28 , these conditions may change and the area around it may no longer be suitable for its 29 on so- When that happens, many trees like walnuts, oaks and pines, rely . 30 called“scatter-hoarders,”such as birds, to move their seeds to new localities. Many birds like to store food for the winter, which they. 31 retrieve. When the birds forget to retrieve their food—and they do sometimes—a seedling has a chance to grow. The bird Clark's nutcracker, for example, hides up to 100, 000 seeds per year, up to 30 kilometers away from the seed source, and has a very close symbiotic(共生 32 the whitebark pine. 的)relationship with several pine species, most . As trees outgrow their ideal 33 in the face of climate change, these flying ecosystem engineers could be a big help in 34 trees. It's a solution for us — getting birds to do the work is cheap and effective—and it could give 35 oaks and pines the option to truly“ make like a tree and leave.” A) ages 1) legacy B) breathing J) notably C) climatic K)offspring D)elsewhere L) replanting E) exclusively M) subsequently F) forever N) vulnerable G) fruitful O) withdraws H) habitats 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 44 页 共 57 页2016年12月大学英语六级选词填空第3套 Small communities, with their distincative character—where life is stable and intensely human—are disappearing. Some have 26 from the face of the earth, others are dying slowly, but all have 27 changes as they have come into contact with an 28 machine civilization. The merging of diverse peoples into a common mass has produced tension among members of the minorities and the majority alike. The Old Order Amish, who arrived on American shores in colonial time, have 29 in the modern world in distinctive, small communities. They have resisted the homogenization 30 more successfully than others. In planting and harvest time one can see their bearded men working the fields with horses and their women hanging out the laundry in neat rows to dry. Many American people have seen Amish families, with the men wearing broad-brimmed black hats and the women in long dresses, in railway or bus 31 . Although the Amish have lived with 32 America for over two and a half centuries, they have moderated its influence on their personal lives, their families, communities, and their values. The Amish are often . 33 by other Americans to be relics of the past who live a simple,inflexible life dedicated to inconvenient out-dated customs. They are seen as abandoning both modern 34 and the American dream of success and progress. But most people have no quarrel with the Amish for doing things the old-fashioned way. Their conscientious objection was tolerated in wartime, for after all, they are good farmers who 35 the virtues of work and thrift. A)accessing I) progress B) conveniences J) respective C)destined K)survived D) expanding L) terminals E) industrialized M) undergone F)perceived N) universal G) practice O) vanished H) process 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 45 页 共 57 页2016年06月大学英语六级选词填空第1套 . Pursuing a career is an essential part of adolescent development."The adolescent becomes an adult when he . 26 .a real job.”To cognitive researchers like Piaget, adulthood meant the beginning of an 27 Piaget argued that once adolescents enter the world of work, their newly acquired ability to form hypotheses allows them to create representations that are too ideal. The 28 of such ideals, without the tempering of the reality of a job or profession, rapidly leads adolescents to become 29 of the non-idealistic world and to press for reform in a characteristically adolescent way. Piaget said:“True adaptation to society comes 30 when the adolescent reformer attempts to put his ideas to work." Of course, youthful idealism is often courageous, and no one likes to give up dreams. Perhaps, taken 31 out of context, Piaget's statement seems harsh. What he was 32 , however, is the way reality can modify idealistic views. Some people refer to such modification as maturity. Piaget argued that attaining and accepting a vocation is one of the best ways to modify idealized views and to mature. As careers and vocations become less available during times of 33 adolescents may be especially hard hit. Such difficult economic times may leave many adolescents . 34 about their roles in society. For this reason, community interventions and government job programs that offer summer and vacation work are not only economically 35 .but also help to stimulate the adolescent's sense of worth. A) automatically I) incidentally B)beneficial J) intolerant C) capturing K)occupation D) confused L) promises E) emphasizing M) recession F) entrance N) slightly G) excited O) undertakes H) existence 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 46 页 共 57 页2016年06月大学英语六级选词填空第2套 Let's say you love roller-skating. Just the thought of 26 on your roller-skates brings a smile to your face. You also know that roller-skating is excellent exercise. You have a 27 attitude toward it. This description of roller-skating . 28 the three components of an attitude: affect, cognition, and behavior. You love the activity; it's great fun. These feelings 29 the affective or emotional component; they are an important ingredient in attitudes. The knowledge we have about the object constitutes the cognitive component of an attitude. You understand the health 30 that the activity can bring. Finally, attitudes have a behavioral component. Our attitudes 31 us to go outside to enjoy roller-skating. Now, we don't want to leave you with the . 32 that these three components always work together 33 . They don't; sometimes they clash. For example, let's say you love pizza(affective component); however, you have high cholesterol and understand (knowledge component) that eating pizza may be bad for your health. Which behavior will your attitude result in, eating pizza or 34 it? The answer depends on which component happens to be stronger. If you are walking past a pizza restaurant at lunchtime,your emotions and feelings probably will be stronger than your knowledge that pizza may not be the best food for your health. In that instance, you have pizza for lunch. If you are at home trying to decide where to go for dinner, however, the knowledge component may 35 and you decide to go where you can eat a healthier meal. A)avoiding I) positive B) benefits J)prevail C) highlight K)primarily D) illustrates L) prompt E) impression M) specifications F) improves N) strapping G) inquiring O) typical H)perfectly 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 47 页 共 57 页2016年06月大学英语六级选词填空第3套 The robotics revolution is set to bring humans face to face with an old fear—man- made creations as smart and capable as we are but without a moral compass. As robots take on ever more complex roles, the question naturally 26 : Who will be responsible when they do something wrong? Manufacturers? Users? Software writers? The answer depends on the robot Robots already save us time, money and energy. In the future, they will improve our health care, social welfare and standard of living. The 27 of computational power and engineering advances will . 28 enable lower-cost in-home care for the disabled, 29 use of driverless cars that may reduce drunk-and distracted-driving accidents and countless home and service-industry uses for robots, from street cleaning to food preparation But there are 30 to be problems. Robot cars will crash. A drone(遥控飞行器) operator will . 31 someone's privacy. A robotic lawn mower (割草机) will run over a neighbor's cat. Juries sympathetic to the . 32 .of machines will punish entrepreneurs with company-crushing 33 and damages. What should governments do to protect people while . 34 space for innovation? Big, complicated systems on which much public safety depends, like driverless cars, should be built, 35 and sold by manufacturers who take responsibility for ensuring safety and are liable for accidents. Governments should set safety requirements and then let insurers price the risk of the robots based on the manufacturer's driving record, not the passenger's A)arises D) manifesting B) ascends J) penalties C) bound K)preserving D)combination L) programmed E) definite M)proximately F)eventually N) victims G) interfere O) widespread H) invade 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 48 页 共 57 页2015年12月大学英语六级选词填空第1套 According to a report from the Harvard School of Public Health, many everyday products, including some bug sprays and cleaning fluids, could lead to an increased risk of brain and behavioral disorders in children. The developing brain, the report says, is particularly 26 to the toxic effects of certain chemicals these products may contain, and the damage they cause can be 27 The official policy, however, is still evolving. Health and environmental . 28 . have long urged U.S. government agencies to 29 the use of some of the 11 chemicals the report cites and called for more studies on their long-term effects. In 2001, for example, the Environmental Protection Agency . 30_the type and amount of lead that could be present in paint and soil in homes and child-care 31 , after concerns were raised about lead poisoning. The agency is now . 32 .the toxic effects of some of the chemicals in the latest report. But the threshold for regulation is high. Because children's brain and behavioral disorders, like hyperactivity and lower grades, can also be linked to social and genetic factors? It's tough to pin them on exposure to specific chemicals with solid 33 evidence, which is what the EPA requires. Even the Harvard study did not prove a direct 34 but noted strong associations between exposure and risk of behavioral issues. Nonetheless, it's smart to . 35 caution. While it may be impossible to prevent kids from drinking tap water that may contain trace amounts of chemicals, keeping kids away from lawns recently sprayed with chemicals and freshly dry-cleaned clothes can't hurt. A)advocates I)particles B) compact J)permanent C) correlation K)restricted D) exercise L) simulating E)facilities M)statistical F)interaction N) tighter G) investigating O) vulnerable H) overwhelmed 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 49页 共 57 页2015年12月大学英语六级选词填空第2套 It seems to be a law in the technology industry that leading companies eventually lose their positions, often quickly and brutally. Mobile phone champion Nokia, one of Europe's biggest technology success stories, was no 26 , losing its market share in just a few years. In 2007,Nokia accounted for more than 40of mobile phone sales 27 . But consumers'preferences were already 28 toward touch-screen smartphones. With the introduction of Apple's iPhone in the middle of that year, Nokia's market share 29 rapidly and revenue plunged. By the end of 2013, Nokia had sold its phone business to Microsoft. What sealed Nokia's fate was a series of decisions made by Stephen Elop in his position as CEO, which he . 30 in October 2010. Each day that Elop spent in charge of Nokia, the company's market value declined by $ 23 million, making him, by the numbers, one of the worst CEOs in history. But Elop was not the only person at . 31 . Nokia's board resisted change, making it impossible for the company to adapt to rapid shifts in the industry. Most . 32 , Jorma Ollila, who had led Nokia's transition from an industrial company to a technology giant, was too fascinated by the company's 33 success to recognize the change that was needed to sustain its competitiveness. The company also embarked on a 34 cost-cutting program, which included the elimination of thousands of jobs. This contributed to the 35 of the company's once- spirited culture, which had motivated employees to take risks and make miracles. Good leaders left the company, taking Nokia's sense of vision and direction with them. Not surprisingly, much of Nokia's most valuable design and programming talent left as well. A) assumed I) previous B) bias J) relayed C) desperate K)shifting D) deterioration L) shrank E) exception M) subtle F)fault N) transmitting G) incidentally O) worldwide H) notably 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 50 页 共 57 页2015年12月大学英语六级选词填空第3套 As it is, sleep is so undervalued that getting by on fewer hours has become a badge of honor. Plus, we live in a culture that . 26 to the late-nighter, from 24-hour grocery stores to online shopping sites that never close. It's no surprise, then, that more than half of American adults don't get the 7 to 9 hours of shut-eye every night as 27 . by sleep experts. Whether or not we can catch up on sleep—on the weekend, say — is a hotly . 28 topic among sleep researchers. The latest evidence suggests that while it isn't 29 , it might help. When Liu, the UCLA sleep researcher and professor of medicine, brought 30 sleep-restricted people into the lab for a weekend of sleep during which they logged about 10 hours per night, they showed 31 in the ability of insulin(胰岛素) to process blood sugar. That suggests that catch-up sleep may undo some but not all of the damage that sleep . 32 causes, which is encouraging given how many adults don't get the hours they need each night. Still, Liu isn't . 33 to endorse the habit of sleeping less and making up for it later. Sleeping pills, while helpful for some, are not 34 an effective remedy either.“A sleeping pill will . 35 one area of the brain, but there's never going to be a perfect sleeping pill, because you couldn't really replicate(复制)the different chemicals moving in and out of different parts of the brain to go through the different stages of sleep," says Dr. Nancy Collop, director of the Emory University Sleep Center. A) alternatively I) negotiated B) caters J) pierce C) chronically K)presumption D)debated L) ready E)deprivation M) recommended F)ideal N) surpasses G) improvements O) target H)necessarily 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 51页 共 57 页2015年06月大学英语六级选词填空第1套 Innovation, the elixir(灵丹妙药)of progress, has always cost people their jobs. In the Industrial Revolution hand weavers were 26 aside by the mechanical loom. Over the past 30 years the digital revolution has 27 .many of the mid-skill jobs that supported 20th-century middle-class life. Typists, ticket agents, bank tellers and many production-line jobs have been dispensed with, just as the weavers were. For those who believe that technological progress has made the world a better place, such disruption is a natural part of rising 28 . Although innovation kills some jobs, it creates new and better ones, as a more _ 29 _society becomes richer and its wealthier inhabitants demand more goods and services. A hundred years ago one in three American workers was 30 on a farm. Today less than 2of them produce far more food. The millions freed from the land were not rendered . 31 . but found better-paid work as the economy grew more sophisticated. Today the pool of secretaries has . 32 , but there are ever more computer programmers and web designers. Optimism remains the right starting-point, but for workers the dislocating effects of technology may make themselves evident faster than its 33 , Even if new jobs and wonderful products emerge, in the short term income gaps will widen, causing huge social dislocation and perhaps even changing politics. Technology's. 34 will feel 35 sweeping through poorer like a tornado(旋风), hitting the rich world first, but countries too. No government is prepared for it. A)benefits I) prosperity B) displaced J) responsive C) employed K) rhythm D) eventually L) sentiments E) impact M)shrunk F)jobless N) swept G) primarily O) withdrawn H)productive 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 52 页 共 57 页2015年06月大学英语六级选词填空第2套 “That which does not kill us makes us stronger.” But parents can't handle it when teenagers put this. 26 into practice. Now technology has become the new field for the age-old battle between adults and their freedom-seeking kids. Locked indoors, unable to get on their bicycles and hang out with their friends, teens have turned to social media and their mobile phones to socialize with their peers. What they do online often 27 what they might otherwise do if their mobility weren't so heavily 28 in the age of helicopter parenting. Social media and smart-phone apps have become so popular in recent years because teens need a place to call their own. They want the freedom to 29 their identity and the world around them. Instead of 30 out, they jump online As teens have moved online, parents have projected their fears onto the Internet, imagining all the 31 . dangers that youth might face—from . 32 .strangers to cruel peers to pictures or words that could haunt them on Google for the rest of their lives. Rather than helping teens develop strategies for negotiating public life and the risks of 33 with others, fearful parents have focused on tracking, monitoring and blocking. These tactics(策略)don't help teens develop the skills they need to manage complex social situations, 34 risks and get help when they're in trouble."Protecting" kids may feel like the right thing to do, but it . 35 the learning that teens need to do as they come of age in a technology-soaked world. A) assess I) mirrors B) constrained J) philosophy C) contains K)potential D)explore L) sneaking E) influence M) sticking F)interacting N) undermines G) interpretation O) violent H)magnified 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第 53页 共 57 页2015年06月大学英语六级选词填空第3套 Travel websites have been around since the 1990s, when Expedia, Travelocity, and other holiday booking sites were launched, allowing travelers to compare flight and hotel prices with the click of a mouse. With information no longer 26 by travel agents or hidden in business networks, the travel industry was revolutionized, as greater transparency helped 27 prices. Today, the industry is going through a new revolution—this time transforming service quality. Online rating platforms— 28 in hotels, restaurants, apartments, and taxis— allow travelers to exchange reviews and experiences for all to see. Hospitality businesses are now ranked, analyzed, and compared not by industry 29 , but by the very people for whom the service is intended—the customer. This has 30 a new relationship between buyer and seller. Customers have always voted with their feet; they can now explain their decision to anyone who is interested. As a result, businesses are much more . 31 , often in very specific ways, which creates powerful 32 to improve service. Although some readers might not care for gossipy reports of unfriendly bellboys (行李 员)in Berlin or malfunctioning hotel hairdryers in Houston, the true power of online reviews lies not just in the individual stories, but in the websites'. 33 to aggregate a large volume of ratings. The impact cannot be 34 . Businesses that attract top ratings can enjoy rapid growth, as new customers are attracted by good reviews and . 35 . provide yet more positive feedback. So great is the influence of online ratings that many companies now hire digital reputation managers to ensure a favorable online identity. A) accountable I) persisting B) capacity J) pessimistic C) controlled K) professionals D) entail L)slash E) forged M)specializing F) incentives N) spectators G) occasionally O) subsequently H)overstated 英语六级选词填空真题2015-2023 第54页 共 57 页