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2021年上海市高考英语试卷（1月份）
参考答案与试题解析
I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions： In Section A， you will hear ten
short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation， a
question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will
be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it， read
the four possible answers on your paper， and decide which one is the best answer
to the question you have heard.
1．（1分）A.Fresh.
B.Salty.
C.Tender.
D.Dry.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】略
【解答】 C
1.M：The beef looks fresh.
W：But I would recommend the chicken which is tender.The beef is too salty and not
juicy.
Q：What does the woman think of the chicken？
【点评】略
2．（1分）A.A luxurious tie.
B.A set of classic works.
C.A red scarf.
D.A wallet.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】略
【解答】 B
2.W：Jack contributed a lot of my survey on the evolution of fashion.I want to buy
him a present like a scarf or a wallet.M：1 heard he likes reading.If 1 were you，I would buy him a set of classics.
Q：What does the man suggest the woman buy for Jack？
【点评】略
3．（1分）A.In a barbershop.
B.In the cinema.
C.In the mall.
D.In the library.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】略
【解答】A
3.W：I'd like to have my hair colored.But you seem up to your neck.
M：Yes，we usually have a lot more customers on the weekend.Please take a seat.I'm
afraid you have to be patient.
Q：Where does this conversation most probably take place for？
【点评】略
4．（1分）A.The boy stayed up all night.
B.The boy came home too early.
C.The boy is forgiven.
D.The boy didn't go home at night.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】略
【解答】C
4.M：Sorry ，mom ，I should have come back home earlier.I'll never do it again.
W：Let's drop it this time.
Q：What can we learn from this conversation？
【点评】略
5．（1分）A.She will accompany the man who asks questions.
B.She also doesn't know the meaning of the term.C.She sympathized with the man very much.
D.She is well aware of the meaning of the newly coined term.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】略
【解答】B
5.M：Alice.I have no idea what this newly coined term means.
W：Well，you are not alone.
Q：What does the woman mean？
【点评】略
6．（1分）A.She needs to hurry.
B.The alarm clock didn't ring.
C.She broke the alarm clock.
D.She is late for school.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】略
【解答】A
6.W：Dad did the alarm clock go off？
M：That was 30 minutes ago.You slept right through it.Get up or you'll be late for
school.
Q：What does the man mean？
【点评】略
7．（1分）A. ﹩10，000.
B. ¥ 11 ，000.
C. ¥ 12 ，000.
D. ﹩11 ，000
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】略
【解答】B
7.M：May I take another look at the Chinese painting？Is it still priced ¥10 ，000？
W：Sorry .sir，its price has risen by 10%.
Q：How much does the Chinese painting cost now？
【点评】略8．（1分）A.He couldn't offer help because of his foot injury.
B.He can't stand the noise of these boxes moving.
C.He can't stand the woman carrying these boxes.
D.He doesn't want to carry the box down from the fifth floor.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】略
【解答】A
8.W：Moving these boxes up to the 5th floor is really beyond me.
M：They look so big.If only l hadn't had my ankle twisted yesterday.
Q：What does the man imply？
【点评】略
9．（1分）A.He is just an ordinary man，not a hero.
B.He wants the woman to publicize his deeds.
C.He has already finished financial aid for students.
D.He wants the woman to keep it a secret.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】略
【解答】D
9.W：What an unsung hero you are.You never told me that you have been financially
assisting the students for years.
M：Let the matter rest.It's just between you and me.
Q：What does the man mean？
【点评】略
10．（1分）A.The woman likes to take a shower before going to bed.
B.The man can't have a shower before going to bed.
C.Hot water is supplied in the hotel until 10 p.m.in winter.
D.The hotel still supplies hot water after 10 p.m.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】略
【解答】B
10.M：1 hope there is hot water in the hotel after ten.I like to have a shower beforebed，especially in winter.
W：But the front desk says hot water is available till 9：00 pm
Q：What can we learn from the conversation？
【点评】略
11．（4.5分）（1）A.Have a professional energy checkup
B.Update all the household appliances
C.Make a do﹣it﹣yourself home energy checkup
D.Find the leaks on the outside of your home
（2）A.Because it can help you save energy in a house.
B.Because it can help you decide where should be upgraded first.
C.Because it can help you remember where you have inspected.
D.Because it can help you reduce the air leaks.
（3）A.How to choose a professional energy checkup.
B.How to conduct the home energy checkup.
C.How to make a list of obvious air leaks.
D.How to save energy in your home.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】略
【解答】 11—13 CBB
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
A home energy checkup helps determine where your house is losing energy and
money.When such problems are corrected your home will be more energy
efficient.While a professional energy check up provides a complete picture of your
home's energy use，a diligent self assessment can also help you find small problem
areas.First，make a list of obvious air leaks.Check for indoor air leaks，such as gaps
along the edge of the flooring and joints of the walls and ceiling.Also check the leaks
on the outside of your home ， especially in areas where two different building
materials meet.
Finally remember to check other places for leaks including windows ，doors and
switches.The potential energy savings from reducing leaks in our own may range from
10% to 20% per year.This do﹣it﹣yourself home energy checkup will not be asthorough as a professional home energy assessment，but it can help you highlight
some of the easier areas to address.When walking through your home，keep a checklist
of the areas you have inspected and the problems you have found.This list will help
you decide which energy efficiency upgrade should be given priority to.
Now listen again.
11.Which of the following is the most probable way to save energy in a house？
12.Why does the speaker recommend you to keep a check list？
13.What is the speaker mainly talking about？
【点评】略
12．（4.5分）（1）A.To make people remember him.
B.To show his excellent talent.
C.To remember the moments in university.
D.To recall his childhood.
（2）A.It used some advanced narrative skills.
B.It is easy to understand the deep meaning.
C.It has a kind of bell ringing quality.
D.It is suitable to recite aloud with expression.
（3）A.He likes to compose poems at quiet corners.
B.He graduated from Harvard University in 1995.
C.He wrote only two poems in his life.
D.He had a good time at Harvard.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】略
【解答】 14—16 CCD
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
Seamus Heaney was awarded the Nobel prize in literature in 1995 when he was
teaching at Harvard University.On the day when Harvard celebrated its three hundred
seventy﹣fifth anniversary before a large audience，he recited his poem composed in
1986 for the university three hundred and fiftieth anniversary.This 1986 poem relies on
the power of repeating words and sounds.Heaney said in an interview， " There's a
kind of bell ringing quality to the poem，which makes it easy on the air. " Heremembered writing just two poems during his early year sat Harvard when he taught
and read a lot.One poem is the anniversary poem.And the other is about learning the
alphabets at primary school.Heaney also recalled the physical Harvard where he had
many happy moments.He said， "I still remember the excitement of driving around the
campus and seeing the outlines of the houses.And I enjoyed a few quiet corners on
campus where I would sit down and take a nap.The library at Adam's house for one
and the Woodberry poetry room for another.Then there was the yard.It was the
inspiration for the anniversary poem and also a place that reminded me of my own
boyhood in the countryside because It used to be a cow yard."
Now listen again.
Questions：
14.For what purpose did Seamus Heamy compose his 1986 poem？
15.What is a feature of Seamus Heaney's 1986 poem？
16.What can be learned about Seamus Heaney？
【点评】略
13．（6分）（1）A.His office is richly decorated.
B.He has used this office for a week.
C.His office is very modem.
D.His office space is spacious enough.
（2）A.To record his trip next week.
B.To communicate with overseas scholars.
C.To collect cost﹣effective web cameras.
D.To record the contents of the report file.
（3）A.A chair that rises up and down and has arms.
B.A modem simple chair.
C.A folded chair without a handle.
D.A second﹣hand solid wood chair.
（4）A.How to choose a web camera.
B.How to prepare for an online meeting report.
C.How to improve Professor White's office.
D.How to decorate Professor White's Office.【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】略
【解答】 17—20 DBAC
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
W：Hi ，professor White.
M：Hi ，Maggie.
W：It's been a week since you arrived at the city.Do you like your office？
M：Yeah，it's great to have so much room and I love to see you.
W：I'm glad to hear that.Do you need any equipment or supplies？
M：Actually ，there are a few things I've been thinking about.
W：OK.What do you need？
M：Well，I'll give a presentation at an online conference next week.Is it possible to
get a web camera for the computer？
W：No problem.It is already at the top of our agenda.We want to encourage using
technologyto communicate with overseas scholars rather than expensive traveling.
M：Exactly.It's so much easier and cheaper to do things that way.
W：The department chair likes to hear that kind of thinking.Anything else？
M：Well，I hope I'm not asking too much，but can I get a new chair？This one is
really uncomfortable.
W：I think that's an old chair.Sorry about that.Is there a specific kind you want，like
a folding chair or a rocking one？
M：l just like one that rises up and down and has arms.
W：Sure，I got it.
M：Thanks.
Now listen again.
Questions ：
17.What does the man say about his office？
18.Why does the man need a web camera for his computer？
19.What kind of chair does the man want？
20.What are the speakers mainly talking about ？ That's the end of listening
comprehension.【点评】略
II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions： After reading the passage
below， fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.
For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the
given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.
14．（10分）
Why Being in a Band Is Cool
When you were younger，a piano lesson may have ruined your day.Carrying a flute
（长笛） from class to class just for a half﹣hour lesson （1） may have seemed
pointless.But as you enter the adult world suddenly you realise that knowing how to play
an instrument is pretty cool.Yes，even the flute.
So，what makes being in a band so cool？Is it because you get to go on stage and
play to millions of adoring fans？Well，yes，but it'll be a few years before your dodgy
rendition of' Twinkle，Twinkle Little Star' starts to resemble a Mozart symphony.
（2） Howeve r talented you've been in music it's still not easy to organise a
band，but here's a quick guide to get you started：
（1）Find your members.
You'll need a drummer ， a guitarist ， a bass guitarist and a singer.Any other
instruments are a bonus.This is where （3） playing （play） the flute comes in，if
you can make playing the flute cool，you deserve all the fame and fortune in the world!
（2）Organise a band practice.
If you are lucky enough to have a band member （4） with a drum kit and
parents who are hard of hearing，you can practise at home for free.Otherwise，you'll need
to find a local studio （5） which/ that can be expensive. （6） Divide
（divide） the cost equally，including the cost of hiring any equipment such as cymbals
for the drummer，you rock together，you roll together!
（3）Be productive.
If you're paying for a studio，the last thing you want is to spend it catching up with
each other，so meet half an hour in advance to get all the chatting （7 ） finished
（ finish）.（4）Agree on songs to learn，and learn them!
Each band member should choose a song for the whole band （8） to learn
（learn） ready for rehearsal.This will allow you to see （9 ） wha t genres （类
型） work for your group.
（5）Start writing.
Once you know what music works for you，start writing!You can do this individually
or as a band but the most important thing is to respect other people's songs.It's very rare
to find （10） someon e who isn't shy about sharing their first few pieces of writing，
so be nice!
If that sounds like a lot of hard work，then you're right!If it also sounds like a lot
of fun，get started!
But what is it that makes all that hard work worth it？
Being in a band teaches you precious life lessons.It is a fun way of learning about
how to share opinions respectfully，be creative，become more confident and work as a
team.Once you can do that you'll be well on your way to finding what it is about you
that makes you unique，special and cool!
【答案】（1）may（2）However（3）playing（4）with（5）which/ that（6）Divide
（7）finished（8）to learn（9）what（10）someone
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述如何组织一支乐队及如何组织乐队练习等。
【解答】（1）考查情态动词。句意：在半个小时的课上，带着一支长笛从一节课到另
一节课似乎毫无意义。此处用情态动词may表示不确定的推测。故填may。
（2）考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你在音乐方面多么有天赋，组织一支乐队仍然不
容易，但这里有一个快速指南让你开始。根据句意及句中形容词talented可知，要用连
词however引导让步状语从句，因在句首，首字母大写。故填However。
（3）考查动名词。句意：这就是吹笛子的由来，如果你能把吹笛子变得很酷，你就配
得上世界上所有的名利!句中缺少主语，用动名词短语 playing the flute作主语。故填
playing。
（4）考查介词。句意：如果你足够幸运，有一个带架子鼓的乐队成员，父母听力不好，
你可以在家里免费练习。根据句意，此处用介词with，意为"带有"。故填with。
（5）考查定语从句。句意：否则，你需要找一家当地的工作室，这可能会很贵。先行词a local studio在定语从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词which/ that引导从句。故填
which/ that。
（6）考查祈使句。句意：平均分配成本，包括为鼓手租用任何设备的成本，比如铙钹，
你们一起摇滚，一起打鼓!divide"分配"，祈使句中要用动词原形，因在句首，首字母大
写。故填Divide。
（7）考查过去分词。句意：如果你付了工作室的钱，你最不想要的就是把时间花在互
相聊天上，所以提前半小时见面，完成所有的聊天。此处是"get sth.done"结构，意
为"让别人做某事"，chatting与finish之间是动宾关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填
finished。
（8）考查动词不定式。句意：每个乐队成员应该为整个乐队选择一首歌曲，为排练做
准备。根据句意，此处用动词不定式短语作目的状语。故填to learn。
（9）考查宾语从句。句意：这将让你看到哪种类型适合你的团队。genres缺少定语，
用what作其定语，同时引导宾语从句。故填what。
（10）考查不定代词。句意：很少有人不羞于分享他们最初的几篇文章，所以要友善!
find是及物动词，根据句意，此处用不定代词someone作宾语，同时作关系代词who的
先行词。故填someone。
【点评】在一篇200词左右的语篇（短文或对话）中留出10处空白，部分空白的后面
给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确
形式，所填写词语不得多于3个单词。要做好语法填空题，理解短文是解题的前提，扎
实的词汇、句型和语法知识是基础，英语国家的背景知识是必要的补充。考生须灵活运
用语法知识，如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白
处应填写的内容。答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境。
Section B Directions： Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.
Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
15．（10分）
A.applauding B.entry﹣level C.struck D.fascination E.back﹣seat F.stuck G.stand
H.promoter I.hook J.dominant K.empowered
The nature is part of us.Therefore，it holds a mysterious （1） D for me.In my
memory，the valley was quiet and calm，only to see the wheat all over the mountains
waving together in rhythm when the wind blew through，like a ballet troupe.The sun
rose every morning as usual，sweeping across the valley and ultimately falling behindthe peaks.The snow that falls in winter always melts in spring，bringing new hope to
this nature where everything was pleasant and beautiful.
Led by fate，I have became an environmentalist and had the honor of being invited
to address students about my green lifestyle for a long time，The students were surprised
at my lifestyle and maybe they thought my lifestyle was no longer suitable for modern
life.Fortunately，they were still listened to whole lecture，saluting or （2） A me—to
some extent the applause implied their encouragement to me.As I began to interact with
them under the stage，I was （3） C by kids' lack of knowledge of nature so that
they had little knowledge of protecting environment.
After the address，I put up a stand in the （4） E offering green food ，hoping
them interested in it to get the （5） G experiencing a first﹣hand feeling of the
green lifestyle no one shows any interest in.So 1 decided to team up with the concert
（6） H to run a campaign： "anyone who can answer a（n） （7 ） B
environmental question is qualified to attend the concert.Soon the music can （8） I
them coming here".
Since then，I have been considering why kids today do not have the same deep
appreciation for nature that 1 do.One of the significant factors may be that the former
rural civilization has been replaced by the urban civilization.In the past，the poor played
the （9） J role in the nature，so they cleared the wasteland，planted crops and
reproduced civilization.With the massive invasion of industrialization and urbanization，
people were forced to move away from nature.The struggle between tradition and
modernity，the confrontation between humans and nature has led people to believe that
they are the masters of the universe.Is this really the case？It is time to think about who
（10） K us to destroy nature.
【答案】DACEG HBIJK
【分析】本文为记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者参与环境保护活动的经过。
【解答】（1）考查名词。句意：因此，它对我有一种神秘的吸引力。根据句子结构分
析，此处应该填入名词。而且结合下文中的景色描写以及 where everything was
pleasant and beautiful 可知这里使用名词fascination，意为"吸引力"，这是不可数名词。
故选D。（2）考查动词的现在分词。句意：幸运的是，他们仍然听了整个讲座，在某种程度上
向我致敬或鼓掌。根据句子结构分析，此处 or 连接两个动词，应该填入动词的现在分
词形式。而且根据下文 to some extent the applause implied their encouragement tome
的提示，可知，此处使用动词"鼓掌"（applauding）的现在分词。故选A。
（3）考场固定搭配。句意：被孩子们缺乏保护自然的知识所震惊。根据句子结构分析，
此处为被动语态，需要填入动词的过去分词形式。而且根据上文可知作者是一个环保主
义者，又根据下文 they had little knowledge of protecting environment 提示，此处使
用短语be struck by 被...所侵袭；被...所触动；被...所迷惑，故选C。
（4）考查名词。句意：演讲结束后，我在后座设立了一个展台。结合上文可知，作者
做了一场关于环保的演讲，而且根据句子结构分析，此处应该填入名词，故可推测，作
者是在演讲场地设置的摊位，故此处使用名词，后座 （back﹣seat）。故选E。
（5）考查名词。句意：希望对它感兴趣的学生能够在展台上亲身体验。结合上文作者
设置了一个展台，可知此处讲述的还是同一件事情，故可推知，此处使用名词，展台
（stand）。故选G。
（6）考查名词。句意：我决定与音乐会发起人合作开展一项活动。根据文章分析，此
处应该是音乐会的相关负责人与作者一起举办了活动，故可推知此处使用名词，发起人
（promoter）。故选H。
（7）考查形容词。句意：任何能回答入门级环境问题的人都有资格参加音乐会。根据
句子结构分析，此处应该填入修饰词，及对环境问题的修饰词，故此处使用形容词，入
门级（entry﹣level） ，修饰environmental question。故选B。
（8）考查动词。句意：很快音乐就把他们吸引到这里来了。根据句子结构分析，此处
缺少动词，而且根据上文提及的音乐会活动可知，此处使用动词，吸引（hook）。故选
I。
（9）考查动词。句意：在过去，穷人在大自然中起着主导作用。根据固定搭配可知，
此处应填入一个形容词，而且根据上一句The once rural civilization has been replaced
by the urban civilization 可知，此处使用形容词dominant，意为"主导的"。故选J。
（10）考查动词。句意：是时候想想是谁赋予了我们破坏自然的力量了。根据句子结构
分析可知，此处为定语从句，定语从句中缺少谓语动，而且结合上文作者提及的工业化
和城市化带来的变化，可推知，此处使用动词empowered，意为"授权"。故选K。
【点评】选词填空的解题思路分为题干分析和选项分析。首先是题干分析。分析的原则是将题干空缺处的句意概括出来。一般概括的方式是先上下文找提示词或者提示句，然
后用提示词句来推测空缺的含义。其次是选项分析。选项分析过程中，可以借助概括出
来的空缺含义进行对照，符合空缺含义的选项先保留，不符合的排除，最后进行词语的
辨析。在剩下的均符合的选项中，去辨析一下词语的含义侧重，语义轻重和感情色彩等，
去选择相对最符合题干的选项。
III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions： For each blank in the following
passage there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C and D. Fill in each
blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
16．（15 分） The misery of my bike commute in Calgary，Alberta，is the river
valley hill.It's not particularly steep，but at about a mile long，I rarely climbed up
without arriving with sweat.Studies have shown the prospect of arriving at work sweaty
is one of the biggest （1） C to getting would﹣be bike commuters out of their
cars.That's especially true in a city like Los Angeles，where （2） A may face
long routes，hills or hot streets with a lack of shade.
"Pedelec"，or pedal electric﹣assisted bikes like the one I rode，can end that
worry.They look and act like traditional bicycles，but their motors make pedaling much
easier when required.Sometimes called the most energy﹣efficient motorized mode of
transportation ever built，they're also incredibly green.The biggest barrier may be the
outdated attitude that sees bikes only as a recreational athletic opportunity rather than a
practical （3） D option.
At a time when cities across North America are struggling to combat crippling traffic
and reduce climate emissions，e﹣bikes have the （4） B to ease both problems.And
yet ridership has yet to truly （5 ） D About 152 ，0000 e﹣bikes were sold last
year in the U.S.，a figure that would be more than 5 million if Americans used them at
the same rate as western Europeans.
Many of the barriers to e﹣ bike （ 6 ） B in North America are
legislative.Patchwork rules treat e﹣bikes more like mopeds than traditional pedal bikes in
some jurisdictions，meaning they are （7） C from bike lanes and from boarding
public transportation.
Few places on the continent， （8） A ，are better poised to break through thesebarriers than California.Legislation was approved last year to encourage e﹣bike use，by
legally differentiating the cycles from mopeds.In an attempt to head off worries about
turbocharged machines flying down sidewalks and bike lanes at unsafe speeds，the law
classifies bikes into different tiers to （9） C lower﹣speed e﹣ bikes，which top out
at 20 mph，from faster﹣moving "speed pedelecs"，which are restricted from protected
bike paths.
Amid these legislative （10） B ，e﹣bikes have become more accessible to
consumer.Finding them in bike shops isn't as （11） D as it once was，and their cost
has fallen as the price of lithium﹣ion batteries has dropped.Today，a decent e﹣bike，
while still （12） A ，is comparable in price to a high﹣end mountain bike.
After years of （13） B over mixing pedal and motor power，cycling advocacy
organizations also are finally throwing their support behind e﹣bikes.Dave Snyder，the
executive director of the California Bicycle Coalition， （14） A the state's new
legislation based partly on the （15） D that e﹣bikes help out those who "just can't
ride as far or as fast as they need to".
（1）A.advantages B.processes C.barriers D.complements
（2）A.riders B.builders C.customers D.volunteers
（3）A.production B.communication C.facilities D.transportation
（4）A.routine B.potential C.temporary D.major
（5）A.make of B.carry on C.bring up D.take off
（6）A.adaptation B.adoption C.adjustment D.justification
（7）A.proved B.alerted C.banned D.authorized
（8）A.however B.unless C.meanwhile D.anyway
（9）A.originate B.combine C.separate D.satisfy
（10）A.factors B.benefits C.limits D.damages
（11）A.proper B.critical C.sensational D.difficult
（12）A.expensive B.distinctive C.sensitive D.intensive
（13）A.trouble B.concern C.power D.scale
（14）A.favored B.folded C.referred D.gifted
（15）A.appeal B.address C.amount D.advocate【答案】CADBD BCACB DABAD
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了电动助力自行车（e﹣bikes）在解决交通
拥堵和减少气候排放方面的潜力，以及在北美地区推广 e﹣bikes所面临的障碍。短文提
到，e﹣bikes可以解决骑行者担心到达目的地会出汗的问题，因为它们的电动机可以在
需要时提供辅助骑行。然而，e﹣bikes在北美地区的普及受到了立法的限制，一些地区
将其视为摩托车而不是传统自行车，限制了它们在自行车道和公共交通工具上的使用。
加州通过了法律来鼓励e﹣bike的使用，并将其与摩托车区分开来。此外，e﹣bikes在
价格上也更加亲民，现在可以与高端山地自行车相媲美。最后，自行车倡导组织也开始
支持e﹣bikes，认为它们可以帮助那些无法骑行得太远或太快的人。
【解答】（1）考查名词与语境理解。A.advantages优势；B.processes进程；C.barriers障
碍；D.complements补充。句意：研究表明，汗流浃背地上班是让想骑车上下班的人下
车的最大障碍之一。根据前一句可知，在阿尔伯塔省卡尔加里骑自行车上下班的痛苦之
处是要经过很陡的河谷山，所以汗流浃背地上班是让想骑车上下班的人下车的最大障碍
之一。故选C。
（2）考查名词与语境理解。A.riders骑车者；B.builders施工人员；C.customers客户；
D.volunteers志愿者。句意：在洛杉矶这样的城市尤其如此，在那里，骑车者可能要面
对漫长的路线、山丘或炎热的街道，而且没有树荫。该空所在处是非限定性定语从句的
主语，此处指"骑行者"。故选A。
（3）考查名词与语境理解。A.production生产；B.communication交流；C.facilities设施；
D.transportation交通。句意：最大的障碍可能是过时的态度，认为自行车只是一种娱乐
运动的机会，而不是一种实用的交通选择。根据句意可知，该空指的是骑自行车是一种
交通选择。故选D。
（4）考查名词与语境理解。A.routine常规；B.potential可能性；C.temporary临时工；
D.major专业。句意：在北美各城市都在努力应对交通拥堵和减少气候排放的时候，电
动自行车有可能缓解这两个问题。根据空前句可知，自行车有缓解交通拥堵和减少气候
排放的可能。故选B。
（5）考查动词短语与语境理解。A.make of理解；B.carry on继续；C.bring up抚养；
D.take off腾飞。句意：然而，乘客数量尚未真正腾飞。根据后文的"去年，美国售出了
大约15.2万辆电动自行车，如果美国人的使用速度和西欧人一样，这个数字将超过500
万辆。"可知，销售数量还没有腾飞。选D。（6）考查名词与语境理解。A.adaptation改编；B.adoption采用；C.adjustment调整；
D.justification正当理由。句意：在北美，电动自行车普及的许多障碍都是立法方面。根
据句意可知，该空指的是：采用电动自行车作为交通工具，即普及电动自行车的障碍来
自立法方面。故选B。
（7）考查动词与语境理解。A.proved 证明；B.alerted 使警觉；C.banned 禁止；
D.authorized授权。句意：在一些司法管辖区，相关规定将电动自行车更像助力车，而
不是传统的脚踏自行车，这意味着它们被禁止进入自行车道，也不能登上公共交通工具。
根据空后的"也不能登上公共交通工具"可知，该空意思是"禁止"。故选C。
（8）考查副词与语境理解。A.however然而；B.unless除非；C.meanwhile与此同时；
D.anyway不管怎样。句意：然而，在欧洲大陆上，没有几个地方比加州更有能力突破
这些障碍。根据后文可知，加州突破了这一禁止，该空表示前后文意思的转折。故选
A。
（9）考查动词与语境理解。A.originate 起源；B.combine 组合；C.separate 区分；
D.satisfy使满意。句意：为了消除人们对涡轮增压发动机以不安全的速度在人行道和自
行车道上飞驰的担忧，该法律将自行车分为不同的等级，以区分低速电动自行车（最高
时速为20英里）和速度更快的"速度自行车"（限速为20英里/小时），后者被限制在受
保护的自行车道上。根据该空上下文意思可知，该空意思是"区分"。故选C。
（10）考查名词与语境理解。A.factors因素；B.benefits益处；C.limits范围；D.damages
损害。句意：在这些立法上的好处中，消费者更容易获得电动自行车。根据空后的"消
费者更容易获得电动自行车"可知，该空意思是"好处，益处"。故选B。
（11）考查形容词与语境理解。A.proper合适的；B.critical批判的；C.sensational激动人
心的；D.difficult困难的。句意：在自行车店里找到电动自行车并不像以前那么困难，
而且随着锂离子电池价格的下降，电动自行车的成本也在下降。该句含 not as…as…，
表示比较，结合句意可知，该空意思是"困难"。故选D。
（12）考查形容词与语境理解。A.expensive昂贵的；B.distinctive独特的；C.sensitive过
敏的；D.intensive加强的。句意：如今，一辆像样的电动自行车虽然仍然很贵，但价格
与一辆高端山地车相当。该句是while引导的让步主语从句，根据空后意思可推测，意
思是"贵的"。故选A。
（13）考查名词与语境理解。A.trouble困难；B.concern担心；C.power权力；D.scale规
模。句意：多年来，人们一直对踏板和马达的混合动力感到担忧，如今，倡导骑自行车的组织终于开始支持电动自行车。根据句意，该空处意思是"担心"。故选B。
（14）考查动词与语境理解。A.favored支持；B.folded折叠；C.referred参考；D.gifted
赠送。句意：加州自行车联盟的执行董事戴夫•斯奈德支持该州的新立法，部分原因是
有人主张，电动自行车可以帮助那些"骑得不够远或不够快"的人。根据空后文可知，戴
夫•斯奈德持支持态度。故选A。
（15）考查名词与语境理解。A.appeal 呼吁；B.address 地址；C.amount 数量；
D.advocate倡导。句意：加州自行车联盟的执行董事戴夫•斯奈德支持该州的新立法，部
分原因是有人主张，电动自行车可以帮助那些"骑得不够远或不够快"的人。该空位于介
词on后，应该是名词，其后是that引导的同位语从句，该空表达的是"基于这个倡导上"。
故选D。
【点评】完形填空所涉及的内容广泛，考查的知识点难度在逐渐提高。要做好此类题，
首先要通读全文，初步了解文章大意；然后结合选项，再读文章，考虑上下文句意的衔
接，结合语法、句法、词法，做到语义通顺，初步确定选项；完成初步填后，再通读文
章，检查文章是否通顺流畅，用词是否得当，意思是否完整。
Section B Directions： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by
several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices
marked A， B， c and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information
given in the passage you have just read.
17．（8分） Among all the different types of journey that people undertake there are
also those of a spiritual nature.Some of the trips we do in our lives are purely for
pleasure，some are meant to make us stronger，sometimes we travel to explore and
learn，and in all of these undertakings we grow and become wiser.
There is a lot we can learn from the land that surrounds us and the best way to
acquire that knowledge is by traveling and experiencing.This ancient aboriginal initiation
ritual involves exactly this：a long spiritual hike across the indigenous land.Although
widely known as "Walkabout ， " in later years the ritual has been referred to as
"temporary mobility ， " because the former is often used as a derogatory term in
Australian culture.
A young man on Walkabout
Historically speaking ， the walkabout is a rite of passage in which young（adolescent） Aboriginal Australians undertake a journey that will help "transform" them
into adults.The journey is usually made between the ages of 10 and 16.During this
journey which can last for up to six months，the individual is required to live and
survive all alone in the wilderness.
This is not an easy thing to do，especially not for teenagers.That is why only those
who have proven themselves mentally and physically ready are allowed to proceed with
the walkabout.Only the elders of the group decide whether it is time or not for the child
to do it.The children are not completely unprepared for the journey.During the years
before the walkabout，the elders instruct them and give them advice about the ceremony
and adult life in general；they have been passed the "secrets" of the tribe，the knowledge
about their world.
Aboriginal woman
Those who are initiated in the walkabout are also decorated with body paint and
ornaments.Sometimes they are marked with a permanent symbol on their bodies.In some
cases，a tooth is removed from the mouth，or the nose or ears of the initiated are
pierced.Traditional walk about clothes include only a simple loin cloth and nothing more.
During a walkabout，a young person can sometimes travel a distance of over a 1，
000 miles.In order to survive this long hike，the participant in the walkabout must be
able to make their own shelter and must be capable of procuring food and water for
themselves.
That means he needs to hunt，catch fish，and also recognize and utilize edible and
healing plants.The initiated youngster must learn to identify plants such as bush
tomatoes，Illawarra plums，quandongs，lilly﹣pillies，Muntari berries，wattle seeds，
Kakadu plums，and bunya nuts.
（1）What can be referred from the first two paragraphs of the passage？ B
A.Australians like to engage in all kinds of travel.
B.People can gain knowledge through travel.
C.Travel is usually purely for pleasure.
D.Walkabout is a long spiritual journey.（2）What do we know about the young Aboriginal Australians？ C
A.All young Australians are required to live alone in the wilderness.
B.The difficulties they experienced in hiking turned them into adults.
C.Walkabout should only be done if they are mentally and physically prepared.
D.Walkabout is an unprepared test for the young Aboriginal Australians.
（3）According to the passage，what skill does a person need to acquire in the
walkabout？ D
A.Identifying directions.
B.Preserving physical strength.
C.Planting plants.
D.Hunting and fishing.
（4）Which of the following options is true about walkabout？ C
A.Only people who have experienced torture are qualified to the walkabout.
B.Women must decorate themselves with body paint and ornaments.
C.To survive，the participants need to acquire certain survival skills.
D.Indigenous women are not required to participate in the walkabout.
【答案】 BCDC
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了澳大利亚原住民的一种传统仪式——Walkabout，它是一
种精神之旅，年轻人在这个仪式中独自在荒野中生存和求生。只有那些经过长时间准备
并被长者认为已经准备好的人才能进行这个仪式。在这个仪式中，年轻人需要学会独立
建造住所，寻找食物和水源，并学习认识和利用各种可食用和有疗效的植物。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段Among all the different types of journey that
people undertake there are also those of a spiritual nature.Some of the trips we do in
our lives are purely for pleasure，some are meant to make us stronger，sometimes we
travel to explore and learn，and in all of these undertakings we grow and become
wiser.（在人们所从事的各种不同类型的旅行中，也有一些是精神性质的旅行。在我们
的生活中，有些旅行纯粹是为了娱乐，有些是为了让我们变得更强大，有时我们旅行是
为了探索和学习，在所有这些活动中，我们成长并变得更聪明。）以及第二段 There is
a lot we can learn from the land that surrounds us and the best way to acquire that
knowledge is by traveling and experiencing.（我们可以从周围的土地中学到很多东西，
而获得这些知识的最好方式就是旅行和体验。）可知文章的前两段提到了人们可以通过旅行获得知识。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据 A young man on Walkabout 部分第二段 That is why only
those who have proven themselves mentally and physically ready are allowed to
proceed with the walkabout.（这就是为什么只有那些已经证明自己在精神上和身体上准
备好了的人才被允许进行徒步旅行的原因。）可知我们对年轻的澳大利亚土著了解是：
只有在精神上和身体上都做好了准备的情况下，才能进行徒步旅行。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段That means he needs to hunt，catch fish，and also
recognize and utilize edible and healing plants.（这意味着他需要打猎、捕鱼，还需要
识别和利用可食用和治愈的植物。）可知一个人在徒步旅行中需要掌握的技能是狩猎和
钓鱼。故选D。
（4）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段 During a walkabout，a young person can
sometimes travel a distance of over a 1，000 miles.In order to survive this long
hike，the participant in the walkabout must be able to make their own shelter and
must be capable of procuring food and water for themselves.（在一次徒步旅行中，一
个年轻人有时可以走1000多英里的距离。为了在这次长途徒步旅行中幸存下来，徒步
旅行的参与者必须能够自己建造住所，必须能够为自己购买食物和水。）可知为了生存，
参与者需要掌握一定的生存技能。故选C。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针
对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
18．（6分） xMAP Technology allows users to perform a wide range of protein﹣and
nucleic acid﹣based multiplex assays，which can simultaneously detect up to 500
targets in a single run.
Key Advantages of xMAP Technology：
•Test for more biomarkers.
•Develop custom assays.
•Use less sample.
•Save time and reagents.
•Gain a better understanding of complex biological systems.
•Order from thousands of predesigned kits from our Partners.
xMAP Technology：The Science
What is multiplexing？Multiplexing is a method for high﹣volume biomarker testing—or testing multiple analytes simultaneously within a single run—using a single sample
volume.xMAP Technology is best﹣ suited for testing 3 ﹣ 500 targets.
How does xMAP Technology work？xMAP Technology uses labeled microspheres or
beads ， allowing for the simultaneous capture of multiple analytes from a single
reaction.Because of their small size and low density，xMAP microsphere﹣based assays
exhibit virtual solution﹣phase kinetics during the reaction.The beads are individually read
using an xMAP instrument.
What does xMAP mean？Multi﹣Analyte Profiling，where the "x" represents the
biomarkers （such as proteins，nucleic acids，or polysaccharides） that are being tested.
xMAP Beads
xMAP beads come in a variety of formats ，including magnetic （MagPlex） and
non﹣magnetic （MicroPlex ） beads.
xMAP beads pass through a red laser，or LED，which excites the internal dyes to
distinguish the microsphere set.Then，a green laser or LED excites the fluorescent reporter
dye to determine the result of the assay.
xMAP Applications
xMAP in Action
Explore xMAP Technology and discover some of the many applications used by
multiplexing research experts across the globe：
xMAP Assay Automation：Automation can boost productivity，minimize errors，and
save on reagents.
Immunogenicity：By using xMAP Technology，researchers can consolidate multiple
assays into one for more efficient immune response studies.
Bead﹣Based Multiplexing vs.Electrochemiluminescence ：Bead﹣based multiplexing
offers significantly higher plex capacity，requires less hands﹣on time，and delivers
superior results compared to traditional methods.
Generate more data while saving sample，time，and reagents
xMAP beads come in a variety of formats.The MagPlex Microspheres—6.5 micron
superparamagnetic beads that are dyed with three red and infrared fluorescent dyes ，
resulting in 500 distinctly colored bead sets— are our most versatile and efficientmicrospheres for high﹣ plex applications.Approximately 108 surface carboxyI groups
（COOH） cover the surface of the bead and serve as covalent attachments for capture
ligands.A fluorescent reporter is coupled to a target molecule，which allows its detection
after specific capture on the microsphere surface.
（1）According to the passage，what is xMAP？ B
A.A mind map.
B.A test method.
C.A navigation map.
D.An application.
（2）All of the following are advantages of xMAP，except B .
A.developing custom analysis
B.forming a network structure
C.generating more data
D.saving samples and reagents
（3）Which of the following options is correct？ D
A.The xMAP beads distinguish groups of microspheres by a blue laser.
B.xMAP allows for the capture of a single analyte from multiple reactions.
C.xMAP technology is used more in the experimental phase.
D.The "x" in xMAP represents the biomarkers being tested.
【答案】BBD
【分析】xMAP Technology是一种可以同时检测多达500个目标的蛋白质和核酸多重检
测方法。它可以测试更多的生物标志物，开发定制的检测方法，使用更少的样本，节省
时间和试剂，并且可以更好地理解复杂的生物系统。xMAP Technology使用标记的微球
或珠子，可以从单个反应中同时捕获多个分析物。这些微球的小尺寸和低密度使得它们
在反应过程中表现出类似于溶液的动力学。xMAP Technology可以应用于各种领域，如
自动化检测、免疫原性研究和多重检测方法的比较等。xMAP beads有多种格式可供选
择，其中MagPlex和MicroPlex是最常用的两种。使用xMAP Technology可以生成更多
的数据，同时节省样本、时间和试剂。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段 xMAP Technology allows users to perform a
wide range of protein﹣ and nucleic acid﹣ based multiplex assays ， which cansimultaneously detect up to 500 targets in a single run.（xMAP技术允许用户执行广泛
的蛋白质和核酸为基础的多重分析，可以同时检测多达500个目标在单次运行。）可知
根据短文，xMAP是一种检测方法。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据 Key Advantages of xMAP Technology：部分•Test for more
biomarkers.•Develop custom assays. •Use less sample. •Save time and reagents. •Gain
a better understanding of complex biological systems.• Order from thousands of
predesigned kits from our Partners.（•检测更多的生物标志物。•开发定制分析。•使用
更少的样品。•节省时间和试剂。•更好地理解复杂的生物系统。•从我们的合作伙伴订
购数千个预先设计的套件。）可知A，C，D都是xMAP的优点，B不是。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据xMAP Technology：The Science部分第三段What does xMAP
mean？Multi﹣Analyte Profiling，where the "x" represents the biomarkers （such as
proteins，nucleic acids，or polysaccharides） that are being tested.（xMAP是什么意思？
Multi﹣Analyte Profiling，其中"x"表示正在测试的生物标记物（如蛋白质、核酸或多
糖）。）可知xMAP中的"x"代表被检测的生物标志物。故选D。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针
对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
19．（8分） Life without access to energy is simply miserable.Accessing energy is
the single most important factor in improving the lives of individuals and increasing
the economic opportunities available in their communities.Access to lighting transforms
education from outdoors during the day，to indoors and anytime!A simple refrigerator
can transform a fruit stand to a grocery store.Reliable electricity allows businesses to
stay open and ultimately provides the cornerstone that allows industries to form.
There is a dominant school of thought that energy access can be achieved around the
world with only carbon﹣free sources.This paradigm envisions effectively "leapfrogging"
traditional development patterns，skipping industrialization，and transforming economies
with green energy and a service economy.While compelling in theory，this vision lacks
several critical factors：the need to manufacture the goods that will build the economy，
the scalability of energy sources，and the affordability of that energy.
This transformation is currently underway and its progress is inevitable.The urgency is
created by individuals' current，difficult conditions and the availability of abundant，affordable energy，particularly coal.All new energy demand will come from the developing
world.Without a thoughtful conversation about the projected doubling of world energy
demand，energy consumption will continue as it is currently underway，in two parallel
paths.One path prioritizes carbon﹣free sources，and sets goals and policies that incentivize
those.The other path responds to the supply and demand inherent in a world economy and
is resulting in the massive development of coal﹣fired electricity generation.
The reality of energy development can be summarized in the example of India's
projected energy development.By 2022，India is planning 100 GW of new solar and a
relatively tiny 50 MW of new coal.However，a simple calculation of the likely emissions
of these two new sources of energy conducted by a colleague at Stanford indicates that if
all this new electricity generation came from natural gas，the result would be 20 percent
fewer emissions.This is a conversation worth having.
Although not a carbon﹣free source，natural gas has a transformative role to play in
the energizing of developing nations.Abundantly available around the world，and more
transportable than ever，a world natural gas market is creating a more stable，affordable
supply.As an electricity generation fuel，it is both a baseload alternative to coal and a
backup for renewable generation.In this capacity，natural gas provides carbon and non﹣
carbon air emissions benefits.When used as a transportation fuel，natural gas provides
significant air quality benefit to traditional fuels and can be equally affordable.When
deployed as a cooking fuel，liquefied petroleum gas （LPG），provides dramatic health
benefits and could reduce the unnecessary 4 million annual deaths attributed to cooking
over inefficient，biomass fuels.As an economic cornerstone，natural gas can empower
industrial development as a chemical feedstock ， fertilizer component ， direct energy
source，and electricity provider.
（1）Which of the following is the view of the dominant school？ D
A.We must actively develop manufacturing industry to promote economic development.
B.Energy affordability should be fully considered in the process of economic
development.
C.Developed countries don't have to worry about energy because of overcapacity.D.Only carbon﹣free sources can achieve energy access in the world.
（2）Why is it urgent for developing countries to have access to energy？ A
A.Because of insufficient available energy supply.
B.Because of rapid population growth.
C.Because of huge consumption of renewable energy.
D.Because of serious environmental pollution.
（3）Which of the following statements is wrong about natural gas？ C
A.Natural gas resources are abundant all over the world.
B.Natural gas is not only a substitute for coal but a renewable energy.
C.Natural gas is good for the air as a traditional fuel.
D.Natural gas can be used to promote industrial development.
（4）According to the passage，which of the following statements is correct？ D
A.Traditional heating water to cook rice can be life﹣ threatening.
B.Natural gas is a kind of carbon﹣free energy.
C.Energy consumption can only continue in the same way as before.
D.Reducing energy poverty is the common goal of mankind.
【答案】DACD
【分析】这篇文章主要讨论了能源对生活的重要性以及发展中国家能源选择的问题。文
章指出，没有能源的生活是非常痛苦的，能源的获取是改善个人生活和增加经济机会的
最重要因素。能源的可靠供应可以改变教育、商业和工业发展的方式。文章还提到，虽
然有一种主流观点认为能源应该以无碳源为主，但这种观点忽视了制造业的需求、能源
来源的可扩展性和能源的可负担性。文章最后提到，天然气作为一种能源在发展中国家
的能源供应中发挥着重要作用，它不仅可以作为电力发电燃料替代煤炭，还可以作为交
通燃料和烹饪燃料，提供环境和健康方面的好处，并促进工业发展。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段 There is a dominant school of thought that
energy access can be achieved around the world with only carbon﹣free sources.（有一
个主流学派认为，只有无碳能源才能在全球范围内实现能源获取。）可知，主流学派认
为世界上只有无碳资源才能实现能源获取。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段The urgency is created by individuals' current，difficult
conditions and the availability of abundant，affordable energy，particularly coal.All new
energy demand will come from the developing world.（这种紧迫性是由个人目前的困难条件和丰富的、负担得起的能源，特别是煤炭的可用性造成的。所有的新能源需求都
将来自发展中国家。）可知，对于发展中国家来说，可用能源供应不足，因此迫切需要
获得能源。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段 When used as a transportation fuel，natural gas
provides significant air quality benefit to traditional fuels and can be equally affordable.
（当用作运输燃料时，天然气比传统燃料提供了显著的空气质量优势，而且同样可以负
担得起。）可知，天然气比传染燃料对空气造成的污染小，并不是对空气有益。故选
C。
（4）细节理解题。通读全文，尤其是第一段 Life without access to energy is simply
miserable.Accessing energy is the single most important factor in improving the lives of
individuals and increasing the economic opportunities available in their communities.
（没有能源的生活简直是悲惨的。获取能源是改善个人生活和增加社区经济机会的最重
要因素。）可知，减少能源贫困是人类的共同目标。故选D。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针
对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
Section C Directions： Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper
sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are
two more sentences than you need.
20．（8分）A.So why do these movies fail？
B.The film，in contrast，failed to bring its audience along for the ride.
C.Game adaptations" issues seem not to be due to a lack of resources.
D.But the return on investment is not encouraging，with a number failing to recoup
costs.
E.The potential to appeal to a devoted fan base makes these movies an attractive
prospect.
F.However，a common criticism was that it was full of boring exposition and mostly
uninteresting characters .
Too Big，Too Expensive and Too Silly ﹣ Why Video Game Movies Fail
Film adaptations of video games have fallen on the unsuspecting viewing public likea Drop Bear.At first they look harmless enough，but they often leave viewers bruised and
regretful.
These movies are plentiful. （1） E Yet despite big budgets and quality talent
both in front of and behind the camera，most video game movies are commercial and
critical failures.
（2） A The answer comes down to a complex mix of conflicting audience
demands and commercial realities.Video game movies often assume that the audience
wants，or is interested in，the game's legend and background.In fairness，this is out of
fear that fans will？Criticise legend changes，alienating a key demographic.But games
reveal legend progressively over tens of hours of gameplay，whereas movies have a small
portion of that time.This tension risks creating boring exposition and complex story
lines.For example，Warcraft details the origins of conflict between humans and orcs
（兽），the central conflict in the game's world.（3） F
Additionally，excessive adherence to the source material extends to using silly plot
devices without spending enough time establishing proper reasons for their existence.In
games，these can work due to the "unspoken but commonly understood logic of ' this is
a video game' ".In a game，people accept inconsistent narrative devices because they
facilitate interesting interaction and are the quickest route towards allowing gamers to，
say，shoot hell﹣monsters on Mars.
The game series became increasingly complex ，as the player﹣controlled protagonist
（ 主 角 ） parkoured his way through time periods like Renaissance Italy and
Revolutionary America.The incredibility of the narrative world paled beside the fun of
vaulting from rooftop to rooftop in15th﹣century Florence.
（4） B The plot—an original story which retains the key elements of the games
— was criticized as " scattered and fractured" ， " hastily explained" and "
disorienting".Vanity Fair pointed out that.It's not clear why any of this is happening" and
RogerEbert.com summed it up as：Characters[talking] in quiet whispers about the complex
methods they use to realize their poorly﹣hidden agendas.
【答案】 EAFB
【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者分析了由电子游戏改编的电影失败的原因。【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据前句These movies are plentiful（这些电影很多），可
知表示"吸引忠实影迷的潜力使这些电影成为一个有吸引力的前景"的选项E可以承接前
文改编自电子游戏的电影的话题，介绍这种电影的优势，故选E。
（2）推理判断题。根据后句The answer comes down to a complex mix of conflicting
audience demands and commercial realities（答案归结为冲突的观众需求和商业现实的
复杂组合），可知表示"为什么这些电影会失败呢"的选项A可以和后文构成问答关系，
分析这些电影会失败的原因，故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据前句 For example，Warcraft details the origins of conflict
between humans and orcs （兽），the central conflict in the game's world（例如，
《魔兽争霸》详细描述了人类和兽人之间冲突的起源，游戏世界中的核心冲突）；以及
后句 Additionally，excessive adherence to the source material extends to using silly
plot devices without spending enough time establishing proper reasons for their
existence（此外，对原始材料的过度依赖延伸到使用愚蠢的情节装置，而没有花足够的
时间来确定它们存在的正当理由），可知表示"然而，一个常见的批评是，它充满了无
聊的论述和大多无趣的人物"的选项F可以和前文构成转折关系，和后句一起分析这类
电影的缺点，故选F。
（4）推理判断题。根据前句 The incredibility of the narrative world paled beside the
fun of vaulting from rooftop to rooftop in15th﹣century Florence（叙事世界的不可思议
与15世纪佛罗伦萨从屋顶跳到屋顶的乐趣相比相形见绌）；以及后句 The plot—an
original story which retains the key elements of the games—was criticized as "
scattered and fractured" ， " hastily explained" and " disorienting"（这个剧情﹣﹣﹣一
个保留了游戏关键元素的原创故事﹣﹣﹣被批评为"分散和断裂"、"仓促解释"和"迷失方
向"），可知表示"相比之下，这部电影没能吸引观众"的选项B可以和前文构成对比，
后句解释这部电影没能吸引观众的原因，故选B。
【点评】这是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题
时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），
选出最符合语境的句子。
IV. Summary Writing Directions： Read the following passage. Summarize the main
idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your
own words as far as possible.21．（10分） Fluido，a Texas﹣based analytics company，recently released its new
product，called FluidoPlus for free.It connects retailers（零售商） to a cloud﹣based
analytics service using Wi﹣Fi.They then collect information about customers behaviour
by monitoring the media access code （MAC） in every smart phone that enters the
stores.This means that stores will be able to implement an analytics package to receive
information that could help guide their marketing.With the information，store managers
can measure the number of people who walk past the store and the number who come
through the front door.Also，this information includes whether or not these people
come in immediately or are convinced to do so by the shop front.
Fluido Plus has received a lot of criticism from consumers concerned about their
privacy being invaded.But Fluido assures that the MAC data is scrambled，which means
that no personally identifiable information is collected.The company also points to the fact
that Fluido is a part of the group that initiated the Mobile Location Analytics code of
conduct.These sets of rules require companies to receive customers' agreement before they
can collect any personal information.
Emily Carrless，a senior director at the NO Watching Please Co.，believes that this
technology ignores customers' privacy. "This is a clear example of profit outweighing
privacy，she said. "The use of tracking technology by shops in order to provide a better
or more personal service seems totally disproportionate." Carrless also stressed the
importance of customer awareness.She said that while tracking technology was still
developing，there was an obvious goal in mind to identify individuals.Companies like
Fluido won't stop at the general information like the number of customers who walk into
stores.The long game is about identifying individuals，and this technologies is very close
to enabling Fluido to do that.
【答案】To help guide the company's marketing，FluidoPlus was invented to collect
customers' information about their behavior.But it is criticized by consumers who are
concerned about their privacy.Although the company assures that no personal
information is collected and the rules restricts its collection，some people still disagree
with FluidoPlus.FluidoPlus is now evolving for a further step.
【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了 Fluido 发明 FluidoPlus 的目的以及人们对FluidoPlus会暴露个人隐私的担忧。
高分句型一
But it is criticized by consumers who are concerned about their privacy.
翻译：但它受到了关心自己隐私的消费者的批评。
分析：句子里，修饰先行词consumers，关系词who引导定语从句are concerned about
their privacy。
高分句型二
Although the company assures that no personal information is collected and the rules
restricts its collection，some people still disagree with FluidoPlus.
翻译：尽管该公司保证不会收集任何个人信息，并且规则限制了其收集，但一些人仍然
不愿意用FluidoPlus。
分析：在Although引导让步状语从句句子里，that引导宾语从句no personal information
is collected and the rules restricts its collection。
【解答】To help guide the company's marketing，FluidoPlus was invented to collect
customers' information about their behavior.（发明 FluidoPlus 的目的） But it is
criticized by consumers who are concerned about their privacy.【高分句型一】Although
the company assures that no personal information is collected and the rules restricts its
collection，some people still disagree with FluidoPlus.（人们对FluidoPlus的担忧以及
FluidoPlus 的解释）【高分句型二】FluidoPlus is now evolving for a further step.
（FluidoPlus的发展）
【点评】概要写作就是对所读过的文章简要概述，通过对文章中的单词、词组和句子进
行合理转换，对文章的具体信息进行概括，再用合适的语言表述出来。因此，概要写作
基于阅读理解和书面表达，是二者的有机结合体，是阅读理解和书面表达沟通的桥梁。
V. Translation Directions： Translate the following sentences into English， using the
words given in the brackets.
22．（3分）羽毛球馆里空无一人，为什么灯还亮着？ Sinc e ther e i s none/no on e in
the badminton stadium ， how come the lights are still on ？ （how come） （汉译
英）
【答案】Since there is none/no one in the badminton stadium，how come the lights
are still on？
【分析】羽毛球馆里空无一人，为什么灯还亮着？【解答】根据句意可知，整句应使用一般现在时态，表示"在羽毛球馆里"应译为in the
badminton stadium；"空无一人"表示的是存在，所以使用there be句型，应译为there is
none/no one；根据句意可知，主从句表示的是因果关系，所以引导原因状语从句的连词
为since意为"既然"；表示"为什么，怎么回事儿"应译为how come；表示"灯还亮着"应
译为the lights are still on。
故翻译为：Since there is none/no one in the badminton stadium，how come the lights
are still on？
【点评】汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词
或者短语，按照适当的语序来翻译。
23．（3分）我花费了三天时间画了一幅风景画，庆贺我曾祖父的百年大寿。（ take）
It took/takes me three days to paint a landscape to congratulate on my great
grandfather's 100th birthday .
【答案】It took/takes me three days to paint a landscape to congratulate on my great
grandfather's 100th birthday.
【分析】我花费了三天时间画了一幅风景画，庆贺我曾祖父的百年大寿。
【解答】根据句意和结构可知这句话使用It took/takes sb sometime to do sth意为"花了
某人多长时间做某事"，可以理解为过去发生的事情，也可以理解为事实，用一般过去
时和一般现在时都可以，注意一般现在时的时候，主语是 it，谓语用三单，不定式 to
paint a landscape "画了一幅风景画"是真正的主语，不定式to congratulate on my great
grandfather's 100th birthday"庆贺我曾祖父的百年大寿"是目的状语。
故填：It took/takes me three days to paint a landscape to congratulate on my great
grandfather's 100th birthday.
【点评】汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词
或者短语，按照适当的语序来翻译。
24．（4分）载人飞船在太空遨游一周后，终于安全着陆，那一刻，原本寂静无声的发射
中心一片欢腾。（ The instant）
Th e instan t th e manned spacecraf t landed safely afte r a week' s trave l in spac e ， th e
previously silent launching center burst into cheers .
【答案】The instant the manned spacecraft landed safely after a week's travel in space
，the previously silent launching center burst into cheers.【分析】载人飞船在太空遨游一周后，终于安全着陆，那一刻，原本寂静无声的发射中
心一片欢腾。
【解答】根据句意和提示可知这句话使用the instant引导的时间状语从句，意为"一......
就......"，从句主语是the manned spacecraft"载人飞船"，谓语landed用一般过去时，表
示过去发生的事情，副词safely修饰landed，时间状语是after a week's travel "遨游一
周后"，地点状语是 in space "在太空"，主句主语是 the previously silent launching
center 意为"原本寂静无声的发射中心"，谓语用短语burst into cheers意为"一片欢腾"。
故 填 ： The instant the manned spacecraft landed safely after a week's travel in
space ，the previously silent launching center burst into cheers.
【点评】汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词
或者短语，按照适当的语序来翻译。
25．（5分）小河蜿蜒流淌，陪伴了世代居住在这里的村民，见证了村庄的日新月异。
（company）
The winding river has kept the villagers' company who have lived here for
generations and witnessed the rapid changes of the village./The winding stream is in
company with the villagers all the time who have lived here for generations ，
witnessing the rapid changes of the village .
【答案】The winding river has kept the villagers' company who have lived here for
generations and witnessed the rapid changes of the village./The winding stream is in
company with the villagers all the time who have lived here for generations ，
witnessing the rapid changes of the village.
【分析】小河蜿蜒流淌，陪伴了世代居住在这里的村民，见证了村庄的日新月异。
【解答】1.强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的结果或影响，主从句用现在完成时；2.who
have lived here for generations and witnessed the rapid changes of the village是定语从
句修饰先行词villagers；3.keep sb.company陪伴某人；for generations一连好几代；the
rapid changes of the village 村庄的日新月异；4.in company with 和某人一起；
witnessed the rapid changes of the village也可以转换成现在分词witnessing the rapid
changes of the village作状语。
故填：The winding river has kept the villagers' company who have lived here for
generations and witnessed the rapid changes of the village./The winding stream is incompany with the villagers all the time who have lived here for generations ，
witnessing the rapid changes of the village.
【点评】考查汉译英，注意汉英之间的差异，汉语与英语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地
理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示进行翻译，使句意更通顺。
VI. Guided Writing Directions ： Write an English composition in 120- -150 words
according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
26．（25分）假如你是明启中学的高三学生王佳，你学校的教师Lucy准备在高中开设关
于信息素养（ information literacy）的课程。课程包含以下四个板块：网站设计、大数
据处理、辨别真伪信息和精确搜索信息。现在向全体同学征求建议。请你给她写一份电
子邮件 ，要求：
（1）选择两个你感兴趣的板块；
（2）说明为什么选择这个板块的理由。
【答案】Dear students ，
I am very glad to hear that Lucy，a teacher in our school，is going to open a
course on information literacy in high school，which has four parts，including Website
Design ， Big Data Processing ， Authenticity of information ， Accurate check of
information.I would like to choose Authenticity of information and Accurate check of
information.The reasons for my choice are as follows.
First of all，Information Literacy is the ability to know when there is a need for
information，to be able to identify，locate，evaluate，and effectively use that information
for the issue or problem at hand.Secondly，it is so important for students to distinguish a
real story from a fake one given the mass of information available on the web.Thirdly ，
Authenticity of information and Accurate check of information are not just about a
technology that we should acquire ，instead learning them is about an attitude and moral
accomplishment，which require us to cultivate from childhood.To sum up，we should keep
pace with the times and technology to improve our ability to identify and filter
information.The future era requires us not only to find numerous information ，but more
importantly，to identify the truly useful information.
As for Website Design，Big Data Processing，they are just technology tools，and we
could know about them at any time if we want to master them.Yours ，
Wang Jia
【分析】高分句型一
I am very glad to hear that Lucy，a teacher in our school，is going to open a course
on information literacy in high school，which has four parts，including Website
Design ， Big Data Processing ， Authenticity of information ， Accurate check of
information.
翻译：我很高兴听到我们学校的老师Lucy将在高中开设一门信息素养课程，该课程分
为四个部分，包括网站设计、大数据处理、信息真实性、信息准确检查。
分析：句子里，that引导宾语从句Lucy，a teacher in our school，is going to open a
course on information literacy in high school；关系词which引导非限制性定语从句has
four parts，including Website Design，Big Data Processing，Authenticity of information
，Accurate check of information。
高分句型二
Secondly，it is so important for students to distinguish a real story from a fake one
given the mass of information available on the web.
翻译：其次，鉴于网络上的大量信息，学生能区分故事的真假是非常重要的。
分析：句子里，it作形式主语，代指动词不定式to distinguish a real story from a fake
one；过去分词短语given the mass of information available on the web作条件状语，
given表示"鉴于；考虑到"。
【解答】Dear students ，
I am very glad to hear that Lucy，a teacher in our school，is going to open a
course on information literacy in high school，which has four parts，including Website
Design ， Big Data Processing ， Authenticity of information ， Accurate check of
information.【高分句型一】I would like to choose Authenticity of information and
Accurate check of information.The reasons for my choice are as follows.（点明选择的两
个板块）
First of all，Information Literacy is the ability to know when there is a need for
information，to be able to identify，locate，evaluate，and effectively use that information
for the issue or problem at hand.Secondly，it is so important for students to distinguish areal story from a fake one given the mass of information available on the web.【高分句
型二】Thirdly ，Authenticity of information and Accurate check of information are not
just about a technology that we should acquire ，instead learning them is about an
attitude and moral accomplishment，which require us to cultivate from childhood.To sum
up，we should keep pace with the times and technology to improve our ability to identify
and filter information.The future era requires us not only to find numerous information ，
but more importantly，to identify the truly useful information.（说明选择这两个板块的理
由）
As for Website Design，Big Data Processing，they are just technology tools，and we
could know about them at any time if we want to master them.（简要说明不选择这两个
板块的理由）
Yours ，
Wang Jia
【点评】写作步骤：
第一步：审题，确定体裁格式、主体时态、中心人称和内容要点，避免填表式或履历表
式表达。
第二步：拟定提纲，创造良好的开端；叙述得体，布局谋篇；巧妙过渡，完美结尾。
第三步：遣词造句，套用句型，上下衔接，地道表达，行文成篇（注意"参考词汇"的提
示作用）。
声明：试题解析著作权属菁优网所有，未经书面同意，不得复制发布日期：2023/10/11 9:16:14；用户：仇广民；邮箱：xcgjzx175@xyh.com；学号：25518511
