文档内容
主题 07 食品安全及其保障
主题简析
初中八年级英语中食品安全及其保障这一主题，紧密联系学生的日常生活，兼具现实意义与教育价值。
从语言知识层面来看，学生在学习过程中，能够积累 “food safety”“additive”“organic food” 等专业
词汇，还可接触到如 “be harmful to”“take measures to do” 等实用短语和表达，助力学生在写作与
口语交流时准确表意。在阅读理解和写作训练里，学生通过梳理文本，分析食品污染、非法添加剂使用等
危害，阐述政府、企业和个人在保障食品安全方面的举措，能够锻炼逻辑思维与批判性思维。此外，该主
题有助于引导学生养成健康的饮食习惯，提升对食品安全问题的警惕性，在日常生活中，能自主辨别食品
的安全性，做出更健康的饮食选择，实现语言学习与生活技能、健康意识培养的有机融合 。
词句积累
主题表达示例
一、食品安全问题
1. 词汇
contamination（污染）、poison（毒物；毒药）、allergen（过敏原）、expiry （到期）、pesticide（农
药）、preservative（防腐剂）、mold（霉菌）
2. 短语
food contamination（食物污染）、food - borne illness（食源性疾病）、expired food（过期食品）、fake food
（假冒食品）、unsafe food production（不安全食品生产）
3. 句式
Unsafe food may lead to serious health problems.（不安全食品可能导致严重的健康问题。）
Expired food is harmful to our bodies.（过期食品对我们身体有害。）
Pesticide residue in fruits and vegetables is a common problem.（水果和蔬菜中的农药残留是一个常见问
题 。）
二、安全保障举措
1. 词汇
regulation（法规）、inspection（检查）、certification（认证）、monitor（监测）、supervision（监督）
2. 短语
food safety regulations（食品安全法规）、carry out inspections（进行检查）、quality control（质量控制）、
strengthen supervision（加强监管）、food safety certification（食品安全认证）
3. 句式
The government should strengthen the supervision of food production.（政府应加强对食品生产的监管。）
Food producers must carry out strict quality control.（食品生产商必须进行严格的质量控制。）Regular inspections are necessary to ensure food safety.（定期检查对确保食品安全是必要的。）
三、健康饮食倡导
1. 词汇
nutrition（营养）、balance（平衡）、diet（日常饮食）、organic（有机的）、fresh（新鲜的）
2. 短语
balanced diet（均衡饮食）、organic food（有机食品）、fresh produce（新鲜农产品）、healthy eating habits
（健康的饮食习惯）、choose nutritious food（选择有营养的食物）
3. 句式
We should maintain a balanced diet for good health.（为了身体健康，我们应该保持均衡饮食。）
Eating fresh fruits and vegetables is good for us.（吃新鲜的水果和蔬菜对我们有益。）
Developing healthy eating habits is very important.（养成健康的饮食习惯非常重要。 ）
拓展阅读
Food Safety and Its Protection
Food safety is very important to our health. In our daily life, we eat all kinds of foods, from fruits and
vegetables to meat and dairy products. But sometimes, the food we eat may not be as safe as we think.
There are several problems that can affect food safety. One big problem is the use of pesticides on fruits and
vegetables. Farmers use pesticides to protect their crops from bugs, but if too much pesticide is used, it can remain
on the food. When we eat these foods with pesticide residues, it may harm our bodies. Another problem is the
addition of illegal food additives. Some food producers add these additives to make their food look better or last
longer. However, many of these additives are bad for our health. Also, food can be contaminated during processing
or storage. For example, if the production environment is not clean, bacteria may get into the food, causing food -
borne illnesses.
To ensure food safety, the government has taken many measures. First, it makes strict food safety regulations.
These regulations set clear standards for food production, processing, and selling. For example, there are rules
about how much pesticide can be used and what kinds of additives are allowed. Second, the government
strengthens supervision. Food safety inspectors regularly check food production factories, markets, and restaurants.
They make sure that food producers and sellers follow the rules. If they find any problems, they will punish the
wrongdoers severely.
As students, we can also do something to protect ourselves. We should choose fresh and clean foods. When
buying fruits and vegetables, we should look for ones that are bright in color and free from spots. Try to buy food
from reliable supermarkets or stores. Also, we need to wash fruits and vegetables carefully before eating them. This
can help remove some of the pesticide residues. Besides, we should have a balanced diet. Eating a variety of foods
can reduce the risk of being affected by a single type of unsafe food.
In conclusion, food safety is a big issue that relates to everyone's health. The government, food producers, and
we ourselves all have a role to play in protecting it. Only by working together can we ensure that the food we eat issafe and healthy.
参考译文：
食品安全及其保障
食品安全对我们的健康至关重要。在日常生活中，我们食用各种各样的食物，从水果、蔬菜到肉类和
奶制品。但有时，我们吃的食物可能并不像我们想象的那么安全。
有几个问题会影响食品安全。一个大问题是水果和蔬菜上农药的使用。农民使用农药来保护他们的庄
稼免受虫害，但如果使用过多的农药，它会残留在食物上。当我们吃这些有农药残留的食物时，可能会损
害我们的身体。另一个问题是非法食品添加剂的添加。一些食品生产商添加这些添加剂是为了让他们的食
物看起来更好或保存更久。然而，许多这样的添加剂对我们的健康有害。此外，食物在加工或储存过程中
可能会受到污染。例如，如果生产环境不干净，细菌可能会进入食物，导致食源性疾病。
为了确保食品安全，政府采取了许多措施。首先，制定严格的食品安全法规。这些法规为食品生产、
加工和销售设定了明确的标准。例如，对于可以使用多少农药以及允许使用哪些种类的添加剂都有规定。
其次，政府加强监管。食品安全检查员定期检查食品生产工厂、市场和餐馆。他们确保食品生产商和销售
商遵守规则。如果发现任何问题，他们将严厉惩罚违规者。
作为学生，我们也可以采取一些措施来保护自己。我们应该选择新鲜干净的食物。在购买水果和蔬菜
时，我们应该挑选颜色鲜艳、没有斑点的。尽量从可靠的超市或商店购买食物。此外，在食用水果和蔬菜
之前，我们需要仔细清洗它们。这可以帮助去除一些农药残留。除此之外，我们应该保持均衡饮食。食用
多种食物可以降低受单一类型不安全食品影响的风险。
总之，食品安全是一个关乎每个人健康的大问题。政府、食品生产商和我们自己在保障食品安全方面
都有责任。只有共同努力，我们才能确保我们吃的食物是安全和健康的。
综合演练
1
One day, you open the fridge and find some moldy (发霉的) food. But before you can throw it away, your
mother stops you. She doesn’t want to waste food. She cuts off the moldy part and eats the rest. Is it safe to do this?
Mold (霉菌) can grow on almost all kinds of food. Mold is usually green, white, black or grey. Mold makes
food soft and changes its color. Moldy food tastes quite bad—and it’s not safe to eat.
If you find mold in soft food, just throw it away. ▲ , usually contains (包含) water. This allows mold to
easily grow below its surface. Bacteria (细菌) can also grow along with it.
But it’s easy to remove mold from hard food. The mold can’t grow very deeply inside this kind of food.
According to the BBC, you should cut about 2.5 cm around and below the mold to remove it. It’s OK to cut the
moldy parts out of hard food and eat the rest. But if the food is completely covered with mold, you should still
throw it away.
Most kinds of mold are bad for us. But some kinds of mold can be used to make food. For example,
penicillium (青霉菌) can be used to make many types of cheeses, such as blue cheese. These cheese are safe to eat
—and they’re quite delicious as well.
1．The “its” in para. 2 means ________.A．the mold’s B．the food’s C．the cheese’s D．the bacteria’s
2．Which sentence can be put in the ▲ ?
A．It’s safe to eat soft food at home B．Throwing soft food is good for our healthy
C．Although we shouldn’t waste food D．Soft food, such as bread, tomatoes or hot dogs
3．Which of the following is True?
A．Mold makes soft food hard and green. B．It’s OK to eat moldy hard food.
C．Not all kinds of mold are bad for us. D．Penicillium is a kind of bacteria.
4．What does the writer want to tell us?
A．Something about the mold in the food. B．What is moldy food?
C．Mold can grow on all kinds of food. D．Mold in soft food and hard food.
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．A
【解析】本文主要介绍了食物中的霉菌。
1．词义猜测题。根据第二段“Mold is usually green, white, black or grey. Mold makes food soft and changes its
color.”可知，霉菌通常是绿色、白色、黑色或灰色的。霉菌使食物变软，并改变它的颜色。由此可知its指
的是“霉菌的”。故选A。
2．推理判断题。根据“usually contains (包含) water.”可知，该句缺少主语，所以空处不是完整句子，A、
B、C选项与“usually contains (包含) water.”没法自然衔接，D选项“软性食物，如面包、西红柿或热狗”
符合语境。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Most kinds of mold are bad for us. But some kinds of mold can be used to
make food.”可知，大多数霉菌对我们有害。但是有些霉菌可以用来制作食物。由此可知，并不是所有的霉
菌都对我们有害。故选C。
4．主旨大意题。根据文章可知，本文主要介绍了食物中的霉菌。故选A。
2
Last year, a primary school in Jiangxi Province made a decision. It would no longer prepare meals in its own
canteen (食堂). Instead, it would serve its students pre-made (预制的) food. The move quickly became a hot topic
across the country. Many parents said that they were worried about food safety. Some of them even sent homemade
meals to school at lunchtime every day.
The Ministry of Education warns (警告) against introducing pre-made meals to schools. That’s mainly
because there are not yet any national standards for such food. The market for pre-made meals has been developing
quickly over the past few years. In 2022, there were more than 60,000 related companies in China. And the number
is still growing. By 2026, the market will have reached more than one trillion yuan.
What has made pre-made meals so popular? They have many advantages. They’re quick and convenient (方便的) to prepare. They also have a long shelf life (保存期). However, parents’ worries are not without reason. Few
people think that it is acceptable (可接受的) to eat pre-made food every day. Naturally, parents don’t want their
children to do so, either.
In fact, pre-made meals are all prepared by central kitchens. They’re not always unhealthy compared with
freshly cooked food. The problem is how to make sure these companies follow all the hygiene (卫生) rules when
they cook and store food. For now, the pre-made food industry still has a long way to go.
1．How did the writer start this passage?
A．By giving an example. B．By showing reasons.
C．By presenting numbers. D．By raising a question.
2．Why is the Ministry of Education against pre-made meals?
A．Because pre-made meals are too expensive.
B．Because it thinks that pre-made food is not safe.
C．Because no national standards are set for pre-made food.
D．Because pre-made meals are not so healthy as homemade meals.
3．What do parents think of pre-made meals according to Paragraph 3?
A．Quick and convenient. B．Tasty and healthy.
C．Tasteless and unsafe. D．Worrying and unacceptable.
4．What can we learn from Paragraph 4?
A．The market of pre-made meals is a success.
B．Not all the companies follow the hygiene rules.
C．Pre-made meals are all prepared in school kitchens.
D．Pre-made meals are as healthy as freshly cooked food.
5．Where is the passage most likely from?
A．A newspaper. B．A cookbook.
C．A health report. D．A school notice.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A
【解析】本文主要是关于学校食堂改为预制食品的决定及其引发的争议。
1．推理判断题。根据“Last year, a primary school in Jiangxi Province made a decision. It would no longer
prepare meals in its own canteen (食堂).…”可知第一段给出了去年江西一所小学关于食堂改制的例子，从而
引出关于预制菜的争议，故选A。
2． 细节理解题。根据“The Ministry of Education warns (警告) against introducing pre-made meals to schools.
That’s mainly because there are not yet any national standards for such food.”可知，教育部反对预制食品进入校
园的主要原因是没有为预制食品设定全国标准，故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“However, parents’ worries are not without reason. Few people think that it is acceptable
(可接受的) to eat pre-made food every day. Naturally, parents don’t want their children to do so, either.”可知，家
长们对预制食品的看法是担忧和无法接受，故选D。
4．推理判断题。根据“The problem is how to make sure these companies follow all the hygiene (卫生) ruleswhen they cook and store food.”可知，问题是如何确保这些公司在烹饪和储存食物时遵守所有卫生规则。由
此推测并非所有的公司都遵守卫生规则，故选B。
5．推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文就一个社会现象并对此进行了讨论，因此可能来源于报纸，故
选A。
3
As we know, eating vegetables is good for us. Why do some people like them but others don’t? A new study
has found that other people’s likes and dislikes could be a reason. According to the research, people who eat
vegetables and show a clear dislike for them can influence others.
People may make facial expressions (面部表情) when eating. How does it affect a person watching them? A
team of scientists in the UK did a study. They asked more than 200 young women to watch videos of other adults
eating broccoli (西兰花). The people in the videos had different expressions while eating. They would smile, seem
neutral (neither happy nor sad), or look disgusted.
The study found that when people in the videos look disgusted while eating broccoli, people watching them
began to like broccoli less. The opposite was not true, however. When someone had a smile while eating broccoli,
people watching them did not like broccoli more.
By watching others, humans learn which behaviors will be good for them. Scientists believe that people
might avoid food that looks terrible. In this way, people can protect themselves from eating something bad or
dangerous.
The research focused only on adults, but the team believe that the results could also work for children. This
means, if children see their parents not enjoying certain foods, including vegetables, they might not want to eat
them either.
How does the behavior of adults influence children’s choices of food? The team said they hope to understand
more about it. This could help find ways to encourage children to eat more healthy foods.
1．What’s the result of the study?
A．People may prefer the food others like.
B．Children dislike eating certain vegetables.
C．Young women are easily affected by others.
D．People may not choose the food others dislike.
2．The team may do further study on _________.
A．the safety of children’s food B．the wish to understand children
C．the influences of parents’ behavior D．the ways to produce healthy foods
【答案】1．D 2．C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了吃蔬菜并表现出不喜欢蔬菜的人会对别人造成影响，由此可以帮
助专家找到鼓励年轻人多吃对他们健康有益的食物的方法。
1．推理判断题。根据“The study found that when people in the videos look disgusted while eating broccoli,
people watching them began to like broccoli less”可知，研究发现，当视频中的人在吃西兰花时看起来很恶心
时，观看视频的人开始不喜欢西兰花，即人们可能不会选择别人不喜欢的食物。故选D。2．推理判断题。根据“How does the behavior of adults influence children’s choices of food? The team said they
hope to understand more about it”可知，成年人的行为如何影响儿童对食物的选择，该团队表示，他们希望
了解更多，所以会继续研究父母行为的影响。故选C。
4
Preparation:
*Always wash your hands before and
after touching food.
▲ :
*Tie back long hair.
*Wear an apron (围裙) and roll up your
sleeves (挽起袖子).
*Always ask an adult before using knives or going
near hot things.
*Use knives and other sharp (尖锐的) tools (工具)
Cleaning:
with care.
*Don’t put tools on the edge (边缘) of the work
*Keep food preparation surfaces clean. table.
*Wash fruit and vegetables under cold
water before using them.
*When using a knife, always cut away from
Special attention:
yourself to avoid cutting yourself.
*Use oven mitts (手套) when taking hot dishes
from the oven or microwave (微波炉).
*Clean food spills (溢出) as soon as they
happen.
*Do not run around the kitchen where
food is being prepared.
1．Which of the following actions is suggested before touching food?
A．Cut your long hair. B．Put on your coat.
C．Clean your hands. D．Wash your sleeves.
2．You should ask your parents before you ________.
A．wear an apron B．cut carrots by using knives
C．wash fruit and vegetables D．put things into a microwave
3．Which of the following can be the missing part for ▲ ?
A．Tools B．Hot things C．Tables D．Knives4．What’s the best title for the text?
A．Cooking Fans B．Cooker Introductions
C．Cooking Steps D．Kitchen Safety Rules
5．Where is the text most probably from?
A．In a storybook. B．In a toy store.
C．On a cooking website for children. D．On the wall of a restaurant.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C
【解析】本文介绍了一些关于厨房安全的规则。
1．细节理解题。根据“*Always wash your hands before and after touching food.”可知，在接触食物前要洗手。
故选C。
2．推理判断题。根据“Always ask an adult before using knives or going near hot things.”可知，使用刀具或靠
近热的东西之前一定要问一下大人。因此，用刀切胡萝卜前也应询问父母。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据“*Use knives and other sharp (尖锐的) tools with care.”和“*Use oven mitts (手套) when
taking hot dishes from the oven or microwave (微波炉).”可知，刀、手套、微波炉等属于工具；由此推知此处
是介绍使用厨房工具的注意事项。故选A。
4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了一些关于厨房安全的规则；选项D“厨房安全规则”符合文意。
故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据“Always ask an adult before using knives or going near hot things.”及全文可推知，本文
可能来自一个儿童烹饪网站。故选C。
5
Online food delivery (外卖) is popular in China. At the beginning of this term, we asked 1,000 students in
Hong Xing Middle School about their opinions on it. Here are the results.
38% of the students consider that it’s convenient (方便的) for them to order food online anytime, anywhere.
Also, 32% of the students enjoy kinds of choices for food, which can meet different people’s needs.
However, 25% of the students worry about the pollution caused by increasing amount of plastic packaging
(增加塑料包装的数量). What’s more, 10% of the students point out delivery food is usually high in fat or sugar
and this may cause health problems.
As for me, a girl, I’m not a fan of it. I would like to cook for myself though it takes time. We are what we
eat. We need to eat in a healthier way.1．This article is mainly about students’ ideas on ________.
A．health problems B．cooking C．food delivery D．food safety
2．________ students prefer to order food online because of kinds of choices for food.
A．380 B．320 C．250 D．100
3．________ of the students might be against online food delivery.
A．10% B．25% C．32% D．35%
4．From the passage, we can know that the writer thinks ________.
A．it is convenient to order food online
B．it is much healthier to cook for herself
C．the delivery food can cause communication problems
D．the food delivery can provide students with kinds of choices
5．We can probably see the passage ________.
A．on the menu B．on the map
C．in the teenager magazine D．in the science book
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．C
【解析】本文主要呈现了学生对于外卖的看法。
1．主旨大意题。根据首段“Online food delivery (外卖) is popular in China. At the beginning of this term, we
asked 1,000 students in Hong Xing Middle School about their opinions on it.”可知，本文主要呈现了学生对于外
卖的看法。故选C。
2．推理判断题。根据首段“we asked 1,000 students in Hong Xing Middle School about their opinions on it.”以
及第二段“32% of the students enjoy kinds of choices for food”可知，有320名(1000x32%)学生更喜欢在网上
订餐，因为可以选择的食物种类很多。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，35%(25%+10%)的学生可能反对网上送餐。故选D。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“I would like to cook for myself…We need to eat in a healthier way.”可知，作
者认为自己做饭更健康。故选B。
5．推理判断题。根据首段“At the beginning of this term, we asked 1,000 students in Hong Xing Middle School
about their opinions on it.”以及通读全文可知，本文主要呈现了学生对于外卖的看法。最有可能在青少年杂
志上看到这篇文章。故选C。
6
Every week, Wu Lin, a 19-year-old college student, will wait at a store selling food nearing its expiration
date (保质期), and return to school with a bag of snacks. “These products are usually sold at 30% to 50% off and
many of them are from big brands. I’m really a big fan of them,” she said.
Wu is among a growing number of young Chinese who buy near-expired food. According to a report by
iiMedia Research, China’s near-expired food market went beyond 30 billion yuan in 2020 and 47.8 percent of the
consumers were aged 26 to 35.
Unlike the traditional thought that buying such food is penny-pinching (吝啬的) or embarrassing, more and
more young people like Wu regard it as a way to help reduce food waste. “I don’t care much about the date, as longas I can eat them before their expiration dates. It meets my needs while saving resources and protecting the
environment, which is a good thing,” says Wu.
Physical stores (实体店) selling near-expired food have sprung up (突然兴起) in cities across China.
HotMaxx, a chain store that opened in 2020 in major Chinese cities, has increased to more than 200 in number
across the country. Online shops selling such food are growing rapidly, too. On Taobao, around 2.1 million people
buy near-expired food every year.
From a food safety standpoint(观点), which may concern many consumers, experts believe that such
products won’t do any harm. “Near-expired food is safe and buying these products is a good practice to help
prevent waste of resources, which should be encouraged,” says Zhou Yu, a professor of food nutrition (营养) and
safety at Anhui Agricultural University.
1．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 mean?
A．I am crazy about snacks. B．I like this store very much.
C．I like buying near-expired food. D．I’m in love with products from big brands.
2．The author mentioned the report by iiMedia Research to show ________.
A．near-expired food is very popular with all customers
B．young people are the main buyers of such food
C．near-expired food was the best seller in 2020
D．there will be a bigger market for the food
3．According to Wu, buying near-expired food is a way to ________.
①save money ②save resources
③protect the environment ④encourage the development of stores
A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④
4．Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．Experts does not believe that near-expired food is safe and won’t do any harm.
B．Most of the consumers who buy near-expired food are elders aiming at saving money.
C．HotMaxx has increased to more than 200 stores in a year.
D．The amount of consumers buying near-expired food is still increasing.
5．What is the best title for the passage?
A．Success of the near-expired food business. B．Advantages of buying near-expired food.
C．A safer shopping choice. D．Good taste, no waste.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．D
【解析】本文主要讲述了临期食品越来越受到年轻人的喜爱，它们不仅物美价廉，还有助于减少粮食的浪
费，专家认为，临期食品不会给人们带来伤害，所以可以放心食用。
1．词句猜测题。根据“Every week, Wu Lin, a 19-year-old college student, will wait at a store selling food
nearing its expiration date (保质期), and return to school with a bag of snacks.”可知，吴林每周排队购买一大袋
子临期食物，可知他很喜欢买临期食品，推测划线句表示“我喜欢买临期的食物”。故选C。
2．推理判断题。根据“According to a report by iiMedia Research, China’s near-expired food market wentbeyond 30 billion yuan in 2020 and 47.8 percent of the consumers were aged 26 to 35.”可知，2020年中国近过
期食品市场规模超过300亿元，47.8%的消费者年龄在26至35岁之间，所以他们是临期食品的消费主力军。
故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“These products are usually sold at 30% to 50% off”和“It meets my needs while saving
resources and protecting the environment”可知，购买临期食品可以省钱，节约资源和保护环境。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据“Physical stores (实体店) selling near-expired food have sprung up (突然兴起) in cities
across China. ...Online shops selling such food are growing rapidly, too. On Taobao, around 2.1 million people buy
near-expired food every year.”可知，销售临期食品的实体店、网店都在增加，在淘宝上每年约有210万人购
买临期食品。由此可知，购买临期食品的消费者数量仍在增加。故选D。
5．最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了临期食品越来越受到年轻人的喜爱以及购买临期食品的好处。综合选项
可知，最佳标题为D选项“味道好，不浪费”。故选D。
7
As we all know, eating vegetables is good for us, but why do some people like them while others don’t? A
new study has found that other people’s likes and dislikes could be a reason. According to the research, people who
eat vegetables and show a clear dislike for them can influence others.
People may make facial expressions when eating. How does it affect a person watching them? A team of
scientists in the UK did a study. They asked more than 200 young women to watch videos of other adults eating
broccoli (西兰花). The people in the videos had different expressions while eating. They would smile, seem neutral
(neither happy nor sad), or look disgusted.
The study found that when people in the videos look disgusted while eating broccoli, people watching them
began to like broccoli less. The opposite was not true, however. When someone had a smile while eating broccoli,
people watching them did not like broccoli more.
By watching others, humans learn which behaviors will be good for them. Scientists believe that people
might avoid food that looks terrible. In this way, people can protect themselves from eating something bad or
dangerous.
The research focused only on adults, but the team believes that the results could also work for children. This
means, if children see their parents not enjoying certain foods, including vegetables, they might not want to eat
them either.
How does the behavior of adults influence children’s choices of food? The team said they hope to understand
more about it. This could help find ways to encourage children to eat more healthy foods.
1．What does the underlined word “disgusted” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Unhappy. B．Surprised. C．Excited. D．Worried.
2．What is the result of the study?
A．People may prefer the food others like.
B．Children dislike eating certain vegetables.
C．Young women are easily affected by others.
D．People may not choose the food others dislike.3．What may the team study next?
A．The safety of children’s food.
B．The advantages to encourage children.
C．The influences of parents’ behavior on children.
D．The ways to produce healthy foods for children.
4．What is the best title of the passage?
A．Studies on Vegetables Help a Lot B．Eat More Vegetables, Live longer
C．Videos Affect People’s Choices of Food D．Opinions on Vegetables Influence Others
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．D
【解析】本文主要介绍了一项新的研究成果——人们表现出来的对蔬菜的喜恶会影响别人对这些食物的态
度，同时也探讨了成年人行为对儿童饮食选择的影响。
1．词句猜测题。根据“The study found that when people in the videos look disgusted while eating broccoli,
people watching them began to like broccoli less.”可知，观看视频的人开始不那么喜欢西兰花说明视频中的人
吃西兰花时看起来很恶心，推测disgusted意为“厌恶的”，即对食物感到不快、不喜欢，与unhappy含义
相近。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据“The study found that when people in the videos look disgusted while eating broccoli,
people watching them began to like broccoli less.”可知，当人们在视频中显得厌恶时，观众对这种食物的喜好
会减少，也就是“人们可能不会选择别人不喜欢的食物”。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据“How does the behavior of adults influence children’s choices of food? The team said they
hope to understand more about it. This could help find ways to encourage children to eat more healthy foods.”可知，
研究团队希望更深入地了解成年人行为对儿童饮食选择的影响，以找到鼓励儿童多吃健康食物的方法。故
选C。
4．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了人们表现出来的对蔬菜的喜恶会影响别人，选项D“对蔬菜的看法影响他
人”与之相符。故选D。
8
“The delivery man (送货员) has your food and is on his way.” This is a message you might get after you
order food online. We know that delivery men bring your food to you. ________ That sounds interesting, doesn’t
it?
Now Baidu and Meituan are working together to develop self-driving technology to deliver food. They are
going to make some self-driving cars. People will mainly use the self- driving cars to send group orders. For
example, if a company orders food for its workers, a self- driving car will bring all of their orders to the company.
Online food ordering is developing rapidly in China. So far, 300 million users have used different apps to
order food online. Some experts say that self-driving cars will be a revolution (革命) of the food delivery.
Some people think there must be some problems about using self-driving cars to deliver food. For example,
self-driving cars can drive well on flat roads, but can they drive well if the road is not flat? Some experts say that
problems must be solved before using self-driving cars.
There will be self-driving delivery service soon, but it doesn’t mean that delivery men will lose their jobs.After all, self-driving delivery service cannot bring food to everyone in every city.
1．What are Baidu and Meituan working together for?
A．Making new kinds of cars.
B．Using a new kind of technology to deliver food.
C．Finding more and more delivery men to work for them.
D．Attracting more users to use their online food service.
2．Choose the best sentence to fill in the blank “________” in Paragraph 1.
A．Maybe there will be smart robots sending food to you in the future.
B．It’s pretty convenient because you don’t need to cook by yourself.
C．Can you imagine that self-driving cars will bring food to you in the near future?
D．Baidu and Meituan are planning to choose some people to be delivery men.
3．What does the underlined word “rapidly” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Successfully. B．Quickly.
C．Quietly. D．Comfortably.
4．In which part of a magazine can we read the passage?
A．The science world. B．The school life.
C．The food safety. D．The driving safety.
5．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．Online food service in China B．The future of delivering food.
C．The future of delivery men. D．Advantages (优点) of self-driving cars.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．B
【解析】本文主要讲的是外卖现在在中国发展的很快，而且外卖促进了工业的发展，美团和百度现在正在
研发自动送外卖的车辆。
1．细节理解题。根据“Baidu and Meituan are now working together to use self-driving technology to deliver
food.”可知，百度和美团现在正在合作，利用自动驾驶技术来运送食物。故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据“Now Baidu and Meituan are working together to develop self-driving technology to
deliver food. They are going to make some self-driving cars.”可知，讲述了未来可能会有自动驾驶的汽车来送
外卖，选项C符合语境，故选C。
3．词句猜测题。根据“So far, 300 million users have used different apps to order food online. Some experts say
that self-driving cars will be a revolution (革命) of the food delivery.”可知，到目前为止，已有3亿用户使用不
同的应用程序在线订餐。说明网络点餐发展迅速，rapidly意为“迅速地”，与quickly同义，故选B。
4．推理判断题。根据“There will be self-driving delivery service soon, but it doesn’t mean that delivery men
will lose their jobs”和全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了利用科技来送餐，应该在杂志的科学世界部分看到，
故选A。
5．主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，在不久的将来，自动驾驶的汽车可能会给你们带来食物，而不是一
个人类司机。因此本文讲述了外卖的未来，故选B。
9“This yogurt might lead to diarrhea (腹泻),” said a staff member of a yogurt store as they gave a customer a
cup of their store-made yogurt.
Marked as “500 billion (CFU) probiotics (益生菌)”, the yogurt has become popular with people looking to
improve their gastrointestinal (胃肠道的) health. CFU (菌落形成单位) is used to measure the number of live
bacteria in a probiotic product.
Usually, probiotics are good for people’s health. However, some customers shared their experiences of
suffering from diarrhea after having the “500 billion (CFU) probiotics” yogurt. Pu Fangfang, a doctor from West
China Hospital of Sichuan University, said that the reasons for their poor health were varied.
“People may respond differently to probiotics,” said Pu. Former studies showed that’ certain varieties (种类)
of probiotics may help treat both constipation (便秘) and diarrhea; depending on the person. However, what might
sit well with you might not sit well with your friend. So, there are no fixed daily intake recommendations (推荐摄
入量) for probiotics.
Moreover, every cup of the “500 billion (CFU) probiotics” yogurt, according to the yogurt brand, has
between 40. 5 and 54 grams of dietary fiber (膳食纤维). This is much higher than the daily recommendation of
between 25 and 30 grams from the. China Nutrition Society. “Taking in so much dietary fiber in such a short time
might lead to gastrointestinal problems such as diarrhea, ”said Pu.
Last but not least, everyone’s body handles (处理) food differently. Those with poor digestion (消化能力) or
food allergies (过敏) should be careful with everything they eat, not just yogurt. “For people who want to try this
kind of product, sharing a cup with others on your first try might be a good idea,” recommended Pu.
1．What is the benefit of the yogurt?
A．It can lead to diarrhea. B．It is safer than other yogurts.
C．It is rich in flavor. D．It may improve gastrointestinal health.
2．What does the word “varied” mean in Paragraph 3?
A．Different. B．Unclear. C．Common. D．Simple.
3．What might lead to diarrhea for some people after eating the yogurt?
a. Weak digestion.
b. Poor weight control.
c. High intake of dietary fiber.
d. Having it while being hungry.
A．ab B．ac C．bd D．cd
4．What does Pu advise people to do when they try the yogurt?
A．Eat it slowly. B．Try a little bit at first.
C．Increase intake gradually. D．Heat the yogurt first.
5．The story is written to ________.
A．tell us about the risks of a special yogurt.B．explain how yogurt affects digestion.
C．show the differences in people’s digestion. D．discuss the food safety of yogurt.
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．A【解析】本文主要讲述了一种标有“5000亿(CFU)益生菌”的酸奶对人体健康的影响，以及人们对此的不
同反应。
1．细节理解题。根据“Marked as ‘500 billion (CFU) probiotics (益生菌)’, the yogurt has become popular with
people looking to improve their gastrointestinal (胃肠道的) health.”可知，这种酸奶含有大量的益生菌，可以改
善人们的胃肠健康。故选D。
2．词句猜测题。根据“People may respond differently to probiotics”可知，人们对益生菌的反应各不相同，
所以这里的“varied”应该理解为“不同的”。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“Taking in so much dietary fiber in such a short time might lead to gastrointestinal
problems such as diarrhea”和“Those with poor digestion (消化能力) or food allergies (过敏) should be careful
with everything they eat, not just yogurt.”可知，短时间内摄入过多可能导致胃肠问题，以及消化能力差的人
或对食物过敏的人应该对他们吃的所有东西保持警惕，这些都可能导致腹泻，故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据“‘For people who want to try this kind of product, sharing a cup with others on your first
try might be a good idea,’ recommended Pu.”可知，建议他们首次尝试时与他人分享一杯，即首次可以少喝一
点，故选B。
5．推理判断题。文章主要讲述了一种标有“5000亿(CFU)益生菌”的酸奶对人体健康的影响，以及人们对
此的不同反应，因此，文章的主要目的是告诉我们这种特殊酸奶的风险。故选A。
10
The World Consumer(消费者)Rights Day is on March 15. It is a day to remind consumers of their legal
right. The 3.15 Gala, a yearly show produced by China Central Television pays attention to the protection of
consumers’ rights. The gala exposes(揭露) cases which do anything against the consumers’ rights in different
fields.
This year’s 3.15 gala exposed the inside story of the production of pickled(腌制的) cabbage.
Awful! The Hunan Chaqi Vegetable Limited Company produces plenty of pickled cabbage these years. But
they have a terrible hygiene(卫生) problem.
A video showed workers, some wearing slippers, some without shoes, were stepping on the pickled cabbage.
Others were smoking and one even threw the cigarette directly into the cabbage.
The topic “3.15 Gala pickled cabbage” quickly became the hottest topic on social media.
Consumers are worried about their health because a type of instant noodles with pickled cabbage, such as
Master Kong(康师傅) has been popular among so many people for years.
Master Kong said to the public quickly that it had stopped working with Chaqi. It promises that all the
products will be taken off the shelves as soon as possible.
According to Chaqi’s website, its partners include KFC, Master Kong and many other well-known
businesses, such as Uni-President(统一) and McDonald’s. KFC later said that Chaqi was not one of its suppliers(供
应商) and insisted that the information from Chaqi’s was not true. However, Chaqi’s website was shut down right
after the 3.15 Gala.
If anyone is interested in more information, please visit https://www. cntv. cn.
1．What’s 3.15 Gala in China?A．It exposes cases which do anything against the consumer rights in food safety field.
B．A show produced by CCTV pays attention to protecting consumers’ rights every year.
C．It tells people not to buy instant noodles with pickled cabbage.
D．It only stops people from buying anything with a hygiene(卫生) problem.
2．What did the workers in Chaqi do in the video?
A．They washed the pickled cabbage many times.
B．They stepped on the pickled cabbage wearing slippers or without shoes.
C．They put the pickled cabbage in the sun.
D．They smoked after they made the pickled cabbage.
3．Why can’t we eat instant noodles with pickled cabbage any more?
A．Because Master Kong takes off all the products.
B．Because the workers wear slippers at work.
C．Because pickled cabbage has a terrible hygiene problem.
D．Because consumers have had the health problem.
4．Which of the following may not be Chaqi’s partner?
A．KFC B．Master Kong C．Uni-President D．McDonald’s
5．How can we get more information about this year’s 3.15 Gala according to the passage?
A．Ask our parents. B．Visit https://www. cntv. cn.
C．Call CCTV. D．Go to the library.
【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．B
【解析】本文主要介绍了3.15晚会揭露的一些食品安全问题。
1．细节理解题。根据“The 3.15 Gala, a yearly show produced by China Central Television pays attention to the
protection of consumers’ rights. The gala exposes(揭露) cases which do anything against the consumers’ rights in
different fields.”（“3.15晚会”是中央电视台制作的年度节目，关注消费者权益的保护。晚会揭露了在不
同领域侵犯消费者权益的案件。）可知，此处指“3.15晚会”是中央电视台制作的一个节目，每年都关注
保护消费者权益。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“A video showed workers, some wearing slippers, some without shoes, were stepping on
the pickled cabbage. Others were smoking and one even threw the cigarette directly into the cabbage.”（一段视频
显示，工人们，一些穿着拖鞋，一些没有鞋子，正在踩泡菜。其他人在抽烟，其中一人甚至把香烟直接扔
进卷心菜里。）可知，此处指他们要么穿拖鞋，要么不穿鞋子，踩在腌白菜上。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“But they have a terrible hygiene(卫生) problem.”（但他们的卫生问题很严重。）和
“Consumers are worried about their health because a type of instant noodles with pickled cabbage, such as Master
Kong(康师傅) has been popular among so many people for years.”（消费者担心自己的健康，因为像康师傅这
样的泡菜方便面多年来一直受到很多人的欢迎。）可知，此处指泡菜的卫生问题很严重，故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据“According to Chaqi’s website, its partners include KFC, Master Kong and many other
well-known businesses, such as Uni-President(统一) and McDonald’s. KFC later said that Chaqi was not one of itssuppliers(供应商) and insisted that the information from Chaqi’s was not true.”（据查其网站称，其合作伙伴包
括肯德基、康师傅和统一、麦当劳等许多知名企业。肯德基后来表示，插旗不是其供应商之一，并坚称查
其提供的信息不真实。）可知，肯德基可能不是他们的合作商，故选A。
5．细节理解题。根据“If anyone is interested in more information, please visit https://www. cntv. cn.”（如果有
人对更多信息感兴趣，请访问网站https://www. cntv. cn.。）可知，此处指可以访问央视官方网站，故选
B。
