文档内容
重难点 11 语法填空时态和语态
动词的时态、语态和语气是高考中的重中之重，也是英语句子结构的核心。英语句子的灵动性很大程度上体
现在动词的各种变化上，因此谓语动词的时态、语态、语气的运用三位 一体，不可分割。在备考过程中应该对谓
语动词变化的各种情况都能够了如指掌。可以预测，2024年高考仍然会以考查时态为主，但考查形式会更多地结
合语态和语气等形式，越来越侧重在语境中考查动词的时态、语态和语气，所以要求考生首先要掌握时态、语态
和语气的基本用法，同时在所设置的语境中根据所给信息进行判断。也就是说，考生应学会通过上下文来确定所
用时态、语态和语气。
近 3 年新高考语法填空时态和语态数据分析
试卷类型 年份 主题语境 体裁 考查内容
新高考II卷 2023 人与自我 记叙文 动词时态1题；
新高考I卷 2022 人与自然 说明文 动词时态1题；语态1题；
新高考II卷 2022 人与自我 记叙文 动词时态2题；
新高考I卷 2021 人与自我 记叙文 动词时态1题；
新高考II卷 2021 人与自然 记叙文 动词时态1题；
典例分析
典例一
(2023年新高考II卷) Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning
look. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach…the animals?
Since June 2017, right before the 11 (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been
helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 12 (confidence) speaking English. And who do
they speak English 13 ?
Not the pandas, even though 14 language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. They
talk to the flood of international tourists and to 15 (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the
pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to give 16 (interview) in English with
international journalists. This is 17 they need an English trainer.So, what are they learning? 18 (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. It’s been an honor to watch the panda
programme develop 19 to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I 20 (wish) to be a
zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English.
典例二
(2022年新高考I卷 )阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). 1 (cover)an
area about three times 2 size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the
country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that 3 (be)previously unprotected,
bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority 4 (increase)effectiveness and
reduce inconsistencies in management.
After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP 5 (design)to reflect the
guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity( 完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological
diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, 6 leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”.
The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate 7 (population)and homes of giant pandas, and
8 (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
Giant pandas also serve 9 an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in
the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species
10 live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
（建议用时：10分钟/篇）
1. （2023·江苏扬州·扬州中学校考模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确
形式。
China’s space project sets sail for the sea of stars
The Mengtian lab module successfully 1 (join) the Tianhe core module and the Wentian lab module at
China’s space station Tiangong on the early morning of Tuesday.
Mengtian is the 2 (two) lab module of the space station and the first one is Wentian that was connected with
Tianhe 3 (previous). With the two lab modules now docked (对接) with the core module, the T-shaped structure
of the space station has taken shape up to now. The space station has entered its final construction stage as 4
(plan).
This smooth progress should be owed to scientists and engineers and all those 5 devotion and hard work has
made the space station 6 reality. China has never abandoned its 7 (ambition) goal of acquiring
advanced space capabilities and becoming a pioneer in the exploration of space, so as 8 (help) expand our
knowledge of the universe. China’s pride in its space achievements is also an expression of thanks 9 people whohave made contributions. The insistence on the space missions being well-prepared, well-organized and well-implemented
(有效执行) has been the 10 (found) on which China’s aerospace industry has continually reached new
heights.
2.（2023·江苏·江苏省天一中学校考模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确
形式。
To protect the ocean and prevent plastic waste polluting the water, an Italian company has invented River Cleaning,
11 seems to be a perfect tool for picking up litter before it gets there. About 80 percent of ocean waste comes from 100
of the 12 (large) waterways across the world. So, stopping waste at its source is 13 excellent potential
solution.
However, the company had to overcome several 14 (difficulty) before it could test out the invention 15
(proper). For example, its device had to allow boats to easily pass through, while being able 16 (run) 24/7 with
no impact on the environment. The result is River Cleaning, a 100 percent effective, low cost, low impact solution.
Attached 17 the bed at the bottom of the river, River Cleaning is a series of buoys (浮标) that powered by
the 18 (nature) flow of the river. It has the ability to collect different kinds of waste. So far, studies 19
(show) River Cleaning can collect 85 percent of all waste passing by it. So, if it is used in all the right places, that’s up to
85 percent of trash prevented from 20 (enter) flowing into the ocean.
3.（2023·江苏扬州·江苏省高邮中学校考模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的
正确形式。
Since the first line in 2008, China’s high-speed railway 21 (symbolize) a country’s economic power, and
increasing prosperity. By the end of 2020, the country had more than 37,900 km of high-speed rail lines 22
service. China is also among the first in the world 23 (introduce) new technology such as autonomous train
operation.
China is most likely to construct the first super-high-speed railway line 24 allows trains to travel up to
1,000 km per hour between Shanghai and Hangzhou. The 150-kilometer railway is likely to bring the Hyperloop concept
which was originally proposed in 2013 into 25 (real). So far, scientists have evaluated six proposals with the most
suitable construction conditions. Two wealthy cities in 26 eastern coastal area finally stood out. The super-high-
speed transport system uses the most 27 (advance) techniques to transport passengers and goods. It is reported
that the two coastal cities 28 (identify) as the most suitable in the last conference due to their strong economic
activities. The project will provide significant economic potential 29 help China maintain its leading position in
high-speed railway technology.
Several other 30 (candidate) have also been considered. Apart from constructing high speed railroads in
the country, China also plans to build several others to connect the country with its neighbors.
4.（2023·江苏南京·金陵中学校考模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形
式。
Tea is commonly considered native to Southern China. However, in a garden in Geling village in Metog county in the
Tibet autonomous region, the morning air is filled with the sweet aroma of 31 (fresh) picked tea.Tsering Yangdron, a 25-year-old Monba, one of the ethnic groups 32 live in this region, skillfully makes
her way through the garden, carefully picking tender tea leaves and tossing them into a bamboo basket tied to her waist.
Tea picking 33 (become) a habit for her over the past five years. After she is done, Tsering Yangdron goes
back home, where she also runs a homestay. “We have come up with 34 dish of fresh tea buds fried with
eggs,” she said. A kilogram of fresh tea buds 35 (sell) for 300 yuan. Once 36 (dry) and processed
to make green tea, their value increases significantly.
Geling was once inaccessible as a result of the dense forests, 37 the opening of the Metog highway in
2013 significantly improved connectivity and created opportunities for economic growth. Prior to Huang Jiabin’s
appointment 38 the village’s Party secretary, the tea plantation in Geling was a neglected piece of land.
“ 39 (realize) the valley was suitable for growing tea, since 2018, we have improved the management of
the tea plantation, introduced advanced planting techniques and provided training for 40 (village),” Huang
said.
5.（2023·江苏南通·统考模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Breathing dirty air causes the premature death of at least 1,200 children across Europe each year. Actually, many
thousands more 41 (trouble) with physical and mental health problems that could have lifelong impacts.
42 it comes to air pollution, we can’t think of children 43 little adults. They receive more
pollution, and it starts in the womb (子宫) and continues in kindergarten and onwards.
Children are more exposed to dirty air than adults because they have a 44 (fast) breathing rate, are closer to
the ground and are outdoors more. They are particularly 45 (sense) to dirty air, and pollutants can have a
permanent impact on their development. The impacts begin before birth, 46 contributes to low birth weight and
premature birth.
Reducing the 47 (source) of air pollution, including road traffic, coal and solid fuel burning, and industrial
emissions (排放物), is key. Action should also be taken 48 (reduce) the specific risks to children. These could
include putting clean air zones around schools, where traffic would 49 (restrict) and idling engines (怠速运转)
prohibited. Local authorities and schools should also consider 50 (plant) trees, ivy screens and hedge fences
around playgrounds.
6.（2023·江苏苏州·统考模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A seminar (研讨会) was held in Beijing recently. According to its report, the Chinese TV series 51 (adapt)
of Liu Cixin’s Three-Body Problem, the first Asian novel to win the Hugo Award, has gained popularity overseas.
Statistics show that 52 series has gained a rating of 7.9 out of 10 on the foreign review company IMDb and
has accumulated 5 million views on YouTube, one of the 53 (popular) video platforms in the world.
Gao Changli, director-general of the TV drama department at the National Radio and Television Administration, said
that the drama contains a lot of thoughts and knowledge 54 (inspire) by China’s traditional philosophy and
culture, 55 (offer) a distinctive edge for homegrown tales in the world’s sci-fi landscape. He also mentioned that
the drama has been 56 preparation and production for seven years and has done a good job of bringing to life the
typical 57 (scene) described in the novel.Producers have also revealed that currently they 58 (produce) Three-Body Ⅱ: The Dark Forest, 59
is the second episode in Liu Cixin’s Remembrance of Earth’s Past trilogy. Meanwhile, more quality works will be
produced to 60 (positive) publicize Chinese culture in the overseas markets.
7.（2023·山东日照·统考三模）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.
During the May Day holiday, numerous messages of people looking for dazi, or activity partners for traveling, 61
(post) on the social media platform Xiaohongshu. Earlier this year, several dazi-related topics were among the most
searched-for hashtags on Sin a Weibo, 62 (stimulate) heated discussions among young people. In some ways,
activities using dazi have become 63 new form of social communication.
64 friendships, the concept of dazi is more customizable (定制的). It is 65 (definite) centered on
companionship fields. The idea is simple — random individuals come together 66 (join) in an activity they all
enjoy. With one or several dazi, people can experience deeper fun in the activities they are interested in.
In addition to the 67 (share) interests, another major advantage of dazi compared to normal relationships
68 (be) its simplicity, some dazi are only temporary, but even longer-lasting ones are cast in the same mould (模式),
where the topics discussed tend to be focused and relaxed.
“ 69 my meal dazi doesn’t go to school someday, I’ll not be so sad for the rest of the day.” said Shi Zhimin, a
17-year-old student from Shanxi province. “Traditional friendships require a lot of time and emotion to maintain, 70
having a dazi means not needing to carry those burdens,” she added.
8.（2023·山东·山东省实验中学校考二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Olympics are a series of international athletic competitions held in different countries. They’re 71
important multi-sport event that takes place every four years. For the Olympics, participants from all over the world train
for years and try their best 72 (win).
Pierre Coubertin, a French man, 73 (found) the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in 1894. He was
once a teacher and historian. In his honor, French had the official status (地位) and 74 (prior) over other
languages al the Olympics. According to the Olympic Charter, English and French are the official languages of the
Olympics. Therefore, every participant needs to have their documents 75 (translate) in both languages. Besides,
real-time interpretations in Arabic, German, Russian, and Spanish must be available for all sessions.
The IOC has a complete guide for those 76 want to apply to these contests. French has the status of being
the first official language for Olympic events and it was the language of diplomacy (外交) in the beginning. But later, more
countries considered 77 (participate) in this contest. The IOC then made French and English the official
languages of the Olympics.
78 (actual), more than 100 countries in the world speak English now. Besides, almost every country has
made 79 a must that children learn English in schools and colleges. This 80 (influence) status has
caused the IOC to make English one of the official languages.
9.（2023·山东青岛·统考三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Colors are important to Chinese culture. The three main colors 81 (consider) lucky in people’s daily livesas well as on special occasions are red, yellow, and green.
Famously popular in relation to anything Chinese, red is the national color representing happiness, good luck, success
and good fortune, which is 82 (wide) used during festivals and important events like weddings. Red lanterns
decorate 83 (business) and residences. Double rows of red “Xi” letters are pasted on gates and doors.
Yellow — corresponding to earth — symbolized royalty in ancient China 84 was reserved for the
emperor. The first Emperor of China was known as the Yellow Emperor. China was often referred to as “Yellow Earth”,
and 85 (it) mother river is the Yellow River. Looking down at the Forbidden City from Beijing Jing Mountain,
one can see a sea 86 yellow-glazed tile roofs.
Green is the color of wealth, hope and growth, commonly believed to represent purity and cleanness. Many buildings
87 (paint) in green nowadays, as is often the case with banks, post offices and some restaurants. 88
(package) milk or produce in green is to indicate that the product is pollution-free.
The color legacy (遗产) that our ancestor left us can be seen in society today. What’s more, some TV dramas over the
past few years 89 (present) traditional Chinese colors in costumes and architecture, 90 excites
people’s interest in more ancient colors.
10.（2023·山东潍坊·统考三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The 40th Weifang International Kite Festival, kicking off in Weifang, has drawn kite fanciers from China and beyond.
The main activities of the festival, 91 include competitions for kite making,f lying and fighting, are scheduled.
The festival, 92 (feature) a series of kites in various shapes and sizes ranging from a huge insect to a 50-
carriage high-speed train, has become one of the most 93 (impress) international events 94 (hold) in
China since it started reform and opening up in the late 1970s.
According to the organizers, more than 600 kite enthusiasts from 59 countries and regions are attending this year’s
festival. “Weifang is 95 (extreme) famous among kite lovers around the world,” said Stanislav Kolbintsev from
Russia, who was seen with 96 giant bird-shaped kite. Amazed by the huge public passion for the sport, he said he
hopes to visit more Chinese cities 97 (fly) kites.“I’ve loved flying kites since I was a child. Flying kites has many
good 98 (mean) in India,” said Arindam Adhikary, an Indian.
The first Weifang International Kite Festival was held in 1984. Known as the “capital of kites, “Weifang has a long
history of kite making, 99 some records suggesting the first wooden kite 100 (invent) there during the
Spring and Autumn period more than 2,000years ago.
