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语法填空名校模拟真题强化练 31
（2023上·辽宁·高三校联考阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确
形式。
Bacteriophages (phages) and other mobile genetic elements (MGEs) exert an immense selective pressure on
1 (bacterium), which in response have developed a broad arsenal of defence mechanisms. 2 these,
CRISPR–Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats–CRISPR-associated proteins) is a group
of widespread RNA-guided adaptive immune systems that are classified into two broad classes, six types and
numerous subtypes according to their genetic composition and interference mechanism1. The CRISPR–Cas
immune response starts with the 3 (acquire) of short DNA fragments (protospacers) from invading MGEs.
The protospacers are inserted as spacers between repeats in the CRISPR array to create a memory of the infection.
Next, the CRISPR array is expressed 4 a long transcript that is processed into small, mature CRISPR RNAs
(crRNAs), each 5 (carry) a spacer sequence flanked by part of the repeat. Finally, the interference
complexes, composed 6 a crRNA and one (class 2) or more (class 1) Cas proteins, degrade the
complementary nucleic-acid targets that are often found next to a short protospacer-adjacent motif (PAM). The
specificity and programmability of the CRISPR–Cas machinery 7 (lead) to the development of various
biotechnological applications in genome editing, molecular diagnostics and more.
In the evolutionary arms race with CRISPR–Cas, phages and other MGEs have evolved diverse strategies to
block or circumvent immunity. One widespread evasion mechanism uses protein- 8 (base) CRISPR–Cas
inhibitors called anti-CRISPRs (Acrs). So far, more than 100 Acr protein families have been identified 9
inhibit different stages of the CRISPR–Cas immune response, mainly by interacting directly with Cas proteins.
For example, Acrs prevent crRNA loading, effector-complex formation, and target DNA binding and cleavage.
Notably, the discovery of these natural ‘off switches’ has presented new opportunities 10 (control) the
activity of CRISPR–Cas technologies.
（2023上·江苏·高三校联考期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Cruise, an autonomous-vehicle company, is suspending all its driverless operations across the US. The
decision is based on an accident in which a Cruise robotaxi 11 (drag) a pedestrian(行人) 20 feet and over.
On Oct 2, the car hit a woman and she 12 (throw) into the neighboring lane of the Cruise driverless
car. After coming to 13 stop, the Cruise car attempted to pull over while the woman was underneath the
vehicle. The news spread quickly and 14 (panic) the public. “When the Cruise car is 15
(unreasonable) risky to public safety, the DMV (the California Department of Motor Vehicles) can immediately
suspend permits,” the agency said in a news release. It added that the suspension was partly based on a state 16(regulate).
“ 17 (confront) with the present situation, we should take steps right now to rebuild public trust. Part
of this involves 18 (take) a hard look inwards and at how we do work at Cruise,” the company said.
Rather than deciding 19 is at fault when accident happens, it is how to avoid potential risks that matters.
While the journey of driverless cars is not without obstacles, the eventual destination is bound 20
(be) another milestone for humankind's amazing vision and inventiveness.
（2023上·陕西商洛·高三校联考阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的
正确形式。
CCTV Spring Festival Gala mascot (春晚吉祥物) “Tu Yuanyuan”adopts a traditional pattern of Fengxiang
clay sculpture in Shaanxi Province. This is also the 21 (three) cooperation between Fengxiang clay
sculpture 22 the Spring Festival Gala.
Fengxiang clay sculpture is a traditional art in the Fengxiang County of the Shaanxi Province and one of the
national intangible (无形的) cultural heritages. It appeared in the Western Zhou and Qin 23 (dynasty),
became popular in the Tang Dynasty and was 24 (far) developed in the Ming Dynasty. It is said that during
the Ming Dynasty, soldiers from Jiangxi Province were skilled in pottery making. When they 25 (have)
nothing to do in their spare time, they would make clay with the soil and make clay of 26 (vary) forms as
toys and paint them for people to see. After 27 (leave) the army, they continued using the skills for a
living. Local people used 28 (wish) for good health and good fortune by putting clay sculptures in their
homes.
Fengxiang clay sculpture is a folk art mixing Zhou, Qin, Han and Tang cultures southern cultures and many
other cultures. The production of Fengxiang clay sculpture 29 shape is beautiful and vivid has to go 30
dozens of processes, such as mould —making, painting, color installation and so on.
（2023·全国·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Norwegian author and dramatist Jon Fosse has won the 2023 Nobel Prize in Literature 31 “his
innovative plays and prose (散文) which give voice to the unsayable”. He is the fourth Norwegian author to win
the prize, 32 (follow) the novelist Sigrid Undset, who won the prize in 1928.
Born in 1959 in Haugesund, Fosse started to write during childhood, and his first novel Red, Black, written
in Nynorsk, one of the two official written standards of the Norwegian language, 33 (publish) in 1983.
Not content with only excelling at writing novels, Fosse expanded his artistic horizons to have poetry, plays,and
试卷第2页，共3页children’s literature 34 (include).
His style is characterised by the use of form, the preference for 35 (simple) in language, and
admiration for the power of silence. 36 Anders Olsson, chairman of the Nobel Committee at the
Swedish Academy, said was to 37 point: “Fosse presents everyday situations that are 38
(instant) recognizable in our own lives. His reduction of language and dramatic action expresses the most
powerful human emotions of anxiety and powerlessness in the simplest terms.”
Fosse is regarded as one of the 39 (great) writers that recent Norwegian literature has brought to
world literature, and his play Namnet, which had its first performance in 1995, 40 (continue) to be a
frequently performed piece even in this day.
（2023·四川成都·成都外国语学校校考一模）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的
正确形式。
The winners of the 2023 Hugo Awards 41 (announce) at the 2023 Chengdu World Science Fiction
Convention this October, with Chinese writer Hai Ya’s The Space-Time Painter 42 (win) the Hugo
Award for Best Novelette. Hai became the 43 (three) Chinese winner of this award, following Liu Cixin
and Hao Jingfang.
Drawing 44 (inspire) from the painting masterpiece One Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains,
Hai has written a thriller which combines the elements of traditional Chinese culture and history 45 sci-fi
and detective genres (体裁) . Hai has created the character of painting prodigy (奇才) Zhao Ximeng, who painted
for an emperor about 1,000 years ago. After much misery and suffering, the painter’s mind abandons his physical
body and enters a space 46 a modern police officer is investigating a case involving an ancient painting.
The sci-fi narrative, connected 47 (close) to Chinese history, reveals the political power struggle of the
period when the ancient painting was created.
Hai, also 48 financial worker, thinks himself more of a sci-fi enthusiast 49 a writer. “I have
a very busy job, leaving me little time to write,” he said. “But I believe if I’m willing to put efforts in it, I 50
(see) hopes and the dawn.”
（2023·广东·东莞市东华高级中学校联考模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号
内单词的正确形式。
Gathering a few close friends to take a 51 (delight) stroll through the city streets 52
(become) a favored activity among young people in China in the past few months.
53 (refer) to as Citywalk, this trend involves leisurely traveling around urban areas on foot.
Participants can follow a distinctive urban route or without one, losing themselves 54 the atmosphere,discovering historic buildings, exploring boutique shops, sipping a cup of coffee, and indulging in authentic local
snacks.
Across various Chinese social media platforms, Citywalk hashtags (标签) and keywords have gained
significant 55 (popular) as more individuals seek to share their experiences and thoughts online.
Originating in big cities like Beijing and Shanghai, the Citywalk phenomenon has begun to spread to second and
third-tier cities in China, encouraging more participants and event organizers 56 (involve). Some
organizers even invite folk culture enthusiasts and researchers to act as tour guides.
Citywalk not only offers a way for young people to interact with a city but also provides them with a new
social scene, 57 people who share the same interests and ideas can easily make friends.
Even though Citywalk is 58 (relative) new, it offers a positive shift for urban travelers, 59
(allow) them to select experiences according to their interests and needs. Also, it presents 60
opportunity for tour guides and travel service providers to offer more tailored and professional services, catering
to the ever-evolving market demands.
（2023上·湖北·高三校联考阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确
形式。
In the 12th century, the Southern Song Dynasty moved its capital to Lin’an. Near Lin’an, on the banks of
Lake Tai is the city of Suzhou. Given its location near the capital and its 61 (nature) beauty, Suzhou
became a preferred place 62 (live). Thus, there were over 300 gardens 63 (build) here, and
more than 60 are still in 64 (exist).
Among these gardens, the Humble Administrator’s Garden (Zhuozheng Yuan) is the largest and the most
famous, and water pools take up 65 third of its area. 66 (surround) the water pools is a
luxuriant (繁茂的) group of flowers, plants, and trees, all carefully chosen according to the way their seasonal
colors reflect off the sparkling water below. As is typical of Suzhou gardens, this garden 67 (separate)
into different sections, offering various kinds of spaces 68 diverse shapes and sizes that represent
different moods and feelings.
Since it is such a large garden, no simple description of the garden will do. 69 you have to do is to
walk among the water and plants, enjoy every moment, 70 find your own treasures depending on
your mood that day.
（2024·山东·统考一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
试卷第4页，共3页Who is the greatest teacher in Chinese history? Many people would think of Confucius, whose birthday was
September 28. Although he lived over 2,000 years ago, people still remember and respect him for his contribution
to the 71 (educate) today.
Confucius lived in the Lu State, which 72 (lie) in Shandon g Province. He lived during the Spring
and Autumn Period. He had a hard 73 (child). His father died when he was only three. His mother brought
him up. As a child, he had to work to help his mother. But young Confucius didn't give 74 studying. He
visited many 75 (fame) teachers and learned music, history, poetry and sports.
Later, he became a teacher and started the 76 (one) public school in Chinese history. At that time
only children from rich 77 (family) could go to school. But Confucius believed 78 everyone
should go to school if they wanted to learn. He had about 3,000 students in his lifetime.
Today, people still follow the teachings of Confucius. He told us that we all have something worthy to be
79 (learn).“When I am with three people, one of them must be 80 (good) than me in some areas. I
choose their good qualities and follow them.”
（2023上·四川成都·高三石室中学校考期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号
内单词的正确形式。
Mount Fuji seems to be losing its World Heritage status and becoming the victim of over-tourism. The scenic
spot was listed as a world heritage site in 2013. 81 , a jump in the number of tourists climbing the
majestic mountain is 82 (threat) that listing. With so many visitors 83 (head) towards those
trails, Japan is experiencing a post-covid tourist boom. Mt. Fuji is so popular in Japan that many Japanese hope to
climb it at least once in their lives. 84 considerable number of climbers is causing environmental
damage on the slopes. Litter is left across the volcanic ash, and large parking lots have been constructed to
accommodate tourists.
A local official told reporters that: “Fuji is faced 85 a real crisis. Tourism has become
uncontrollable, and we fear that Mt. Fuji will soon become an unattractive place 86 nobody would want
to go climbing.” He added: “Fuji is screaming in pain. We can’t just wait for improvement; we need to tackle
over-tourism now.” The mountain’s fifth base station 87 (witness) a 50 percent rise in visitors since
2013, with about four million visitors this summer. Another headache for local authorities is “bullet climbers”,
people who have an 88 (intend) to ascend and descend Fuji in 24 hours. They risk getting altitude
sickness and hypothermia. 89 (fortunate), the official climbing season ended on Sunday, preventing Fuji
from 90 (far) damage.
（2023上·河北石家庄·高二石家庄一中校联考期中）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China’s newest online sensation is a pink fox called LinaBell from Shanghai Disneyland. After 91
(make) her debut (初次登台) on September 29, the life-size figure has taken the Chinese social media. Unlike
other Disney 92 (character), LinaBell has never been on the big or small screen. All we know is that she
met Duffy, Mickey Mouse’s teddy bear gifted to him by his sweetheart Minnie, in the forest and 93 (help)
him find his way home, according to Disney’s introduction video of the character. Since her first debut, the fluffy
(毛茸茸的) character 94 (win) the hearts of many visitors that were attracted by her unique personality
and 95 (adore) appearance.
Footage of meet-and-greets with the pink fox are all over the Internet and LinaBell can be seen
communicating 96 every visitor through expressive body language. She corrects those visitors 97
mispronounce her name, shows love for those queuing up for hours to meet her and hands out free candy.
Visitors to Shanghai Disneyland were the first people 98 (meet) LinaBell as she made her global
debut from the Chinese city. As a “ 99 (local) born” character, LinaBell can understand different Chinese
dialects beyond that of Shanghai, and can interact with visitors from different parts of China.
Disney’s localization efforts, including the company’s IP products have resulted in its popularity in China.
Shanghai Disneyland has been 100 considerable financial success compared to Paris and Hong Kong.
试卷第6页，共3页参考答案：
1．bacteria 2．Among 3．acquisition 4．as 5．carrying 6．of 7．has led 8．
based 9．that 10．to control
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了噬菌体和其他移动遗传元件(MGEs)对细菌施加了巨大的选择压力，
作为回应，细菌已经发展出广泛的防御机制。
1．考查名词。句意：噬菌体和其他移动遗传元件(MGEs)对细菌施加巨大的选择压力，作为回应，细菌已
经发展出广泛的防御机制。空处应填名词作宾语，bacterium“细菌”是可数名i，此处用复数形式表泛指。
故填bacteria。
2．考查介词。句意：其中，CRISPR-Cas是一组广泛存在的rna引导的适应性免疫系统，根据其遗传组成
和干扰机制可分为两大类、六类和众多亚型1。根据句意可知，此处为介词Among表示“在……当中”，
满足句意要求。故填Among。
3．考查名词。句意：CRISPR-Cas免疫反应从入侵的MGEs获得短DNA片段开始。空处应填名词作宾语，
acquisition“获得”是抽象名词，不可数。故填acquisition。
4．考查动词短语。句意：接下来，CRISPR阵列被表达为一个长转录本，该转录本被加工成小的、成熟
的CRISPR rna (crrna)，每个rna都携带一个间隔序列，两侧是部分重复序列。分析句子可知，此处为动词
短语be expressed as“表达为”，满足句意要求。故填as。
5．考查独立主格结构。句意：接下来，CRISPR阵列被表达为一个长转录本，该转录本被加工成小的、
成熟的CRISPR rna (crrna)，每个rna都携带一个间隔序列，两侧是部分重复序列。分析句子可知，此处为
独立主格结构，所以为非谓语动词，carry和逻辑主语each为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填
carrying。
6．考查介词。句意：最后，由一个crRNA和一个(2类)或多个(1类)Cas蛋白组成的干扰复合物，降解通
常位于短原间隔器邻近基序(PAM)附近的互补核酸靶标。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语be composed
of“由……组成”，满足句意要求。故填of。
7．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：CRISPR-Cas机制的特异性和可编程性导致了基因组编辑、分子诊
断等各种生物技术应用的发展。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，结合句意可知，表示已经完成
的动作应用现在完成时，主语The specificity and programmability of the CRISPR–Cas machinery为单数意义
名词，所以助动词用has。故填has led。
8．考查构词法。句意：一种广泛的逃避机制是使用基于蛋白质的CRISPR-Cas抑制剂，称为抗crispr
(Acrs)。分析可知，此处为“名词+过去分词”构成的形容词，protain-based“基于蛋白质的”。故填
based。9．考查宾语从句。句意：到目前为止，已经确定了100多个Acr蛋白家族，它们主要通过直接与Cas蛋
白相互作用来抑制CRISPR-Cas免疫反应的不同阶段。分析句子可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句不缺主干
成份，且句意完整，应用连接词that引导从句。故填that。
10．考查动词不定式。句意：值得注意的是，这些天然“关闭开关”的发现为控制CRISPR-Cas技术的活
性提供了新的机会。分析句子可知，此处为动词不定式to do作后置定语修饰opportunities，opportunities
to do“做某事的机会”为惯用表达。故填to control。
11．dragged 12．was thrown 13．a 14．panicked 15．unreasonably 16．regulation
17．Confronted 18．taking 19．who 20．to be
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Cruise公司的一辆自动驾驶汽车发生事故，伤及行人，公司决定
在美国各地暂停其所有无人驾驶汽车的运营。
11．考查动词时态。句意：这一决定是基于一起事故，一辆Cruise机器人出租车将一名行人拖了20英尺
以上。分析句子可知，此处为定语从句中谓语动词的填入，结合句意可知，此处应为陈述过去发生的事
情，为一般过去时。故填dragged。
12．考查动词时态和语态。句意：10月2日，这辆车撞到了一名女子，她被扔进了Cruise无人驾驶汽车
的相邻车道。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，主语she和动词throw为被动关系，结合句意可知，
该句为陈述过去发生的事情，所以为一般过去时的被动语态结构。故填was thrown。
13．考查冠词。句意：在停车后，Cruise汽车试图靠边停车，而该女子就在车下。分析句子可知，此处为
固定短语come to a stop“停下来”，所以此处为冠词a的填入。故填a。
14．考查动词时态。句意：消息迅速传开，引起了公众的恐慌。由and连接的spread为过去时可知，此处
动词也应为一般过去时，保持并列谓语结构。故填panicked。
15．考查副词。句意：当Cruise汽车对公共安全构成不合理的风险时，DMV(加州机动车辆管理局)可以
立即暂停许可。由副词修饰形容词可知，此处为副词unreasonably作状语修饰形容词risky。故填
unreasonably。
16．考查名词。句意：它补充说，暂停部分是基于一项国家规定。根据句意以及空前a冠词可知，此处为
名词regulation“规定”作介词on的宾语成分。故填regulation。
17．考查非谓语动词。句意：面对目前的情况，我们应该立即采取措施，重建国民的信任。分析句子可
知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，confront好逻辑主语we为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填
Confronted。
18．考查动名词。句意：部分原因是要认真审视我们在Cruise的工作方式。分析句子可知，此处为动词
答案第2页，共2页短语involve doing sth“包含做某事”，所以此处为动名词形式。故填taking。
19．考查宾语从句。句意：当事故发生时，决定谁有过错并不重要，重要的是如何避免潜在的风险。分
析句子可知，此处为连接代词who引导的宾语从句，who在从句中作主语成分，意为“谁”。故填
who。
20．考查动词不定式。句意：虽然无人驾驶汽车的旅程并非没有障碍，但最终的目的地注定是人类惊人
的视野和创造力的又一个里程碑。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语be bound to do“必须做某事”，所以此
处为动词不定式形式。故填to be。
21．third 22．and 23．dynasties 24．further 25．had 26．various/varying/varied
27．leaving 28．to wish 29．whose 30．through
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了陕西省凤翔县的泥塑，分别讲了它的历史、工艺和发展。
21．考查序数词。句意：这也是凤翔泥塑与春晚的第三次合作。根据句意以及空前the定冠词可知，此处
为序数词third形式，构成the third“第三次”对空后名词cooperation的修饰。故填third。
22．考查连词。句意：这也是凤翔泥塑与春晚的第三次合作。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语between…
and…“在……之间”，满足句意要求，所以此处为连词and的填入。故填and。
23．考查名词复数形式。句意：它出现于西周和秦朝，在唐代流行起来，并在明代得到进一步发展。根
据前面“in the Western Zhou and Qin”，可知是两个朝代，所以用名词复数形式。故填dynasties。
24．考查副词。句意：它出现于西周和秦朝，在唐代流行起来，并在明代得到进一步发展。根据句意可
知，此处为副词further“进一步地”作状语修饰动词was developed，满足句意要求。故填further。
25．考查动词时态。句意：闲来无事的时候，他们就用泥土做粘土，把粘土做成各种形状的玩具，涂上
颜料给人看。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，根据句意可知，此处为描述过去发生的事情，为
一般过去时。故填had。
26．考查形容词。句意：闲来无事的时候，他们就用泥土做粘土，把粘土做成各种形状的玩具，涂上颜
料给人看。由空后forms为名词可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填various/
varying/varied。
27．考查动名词。句意：离开军队后，他们继续用这些技能谋生。由空前After为介词以及提示词为动词
可知，此处为动名词形式。故填leaving。
28．考查动词不定式。句意：当地人过去常常在家里摆放泥塑，希望身体健康，吉祥如意。分析句子可
知，此处为动词短语used to do sth“过去常常做某事”，所以此处为动词不定式形式。故填to wish。
29．考查定语从句。句意：凤翔泥塑的制作，造型优美、生动，要经过制模、上色、上色等几十道工序。
分析句子可知，此处为关系代词whose引导的定语从句，先行词Fengxiang clay sculpture在从句中作shape的定语成分。故填whose。
30．考查介词。句意：凤翔泥塑的制作，造型优美、生动，要经过制模、上色、上色等几十道工序。分
析句子可知，此处为固定短语go through“经过”，所以此处为介词through的填入。故填through。
31．for 32．following 33．was published 34．included 35．simplicity 36．What
37．the 38．instantly 39．greatest 40．continues
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了获得 2023年诺贝尔文学奖的挪威作家、剧作家约恩·福
瑟。
【详解】1. 考查介词。句意：挪威作家、剧作家约恩·福瑟荣获2023年诺贝尔文学奖，因为“他创新的
戏剧和散文作品为不可言说的事情发声”。此处应用for表示“由于，因为”，和后面的短语his
innovative plays and prose构成状语。故填for。
2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：他是继1928年获得诺贝尔文学奖的小说家Sigrid Undset之后，第四位获得诺
贝尔文学奖的挪威作家。分析句子结构可知，空处在句子中作非谓语，且follow与其逻辑主语He之间为
主谓关系，故用现在分词形式作状语。故填following。
3. 考查时态和语态。句意：福瑟1959年出生于海于格松，从小就开始写作。他的第一部小说《红、黑》
于1983年出版，这部小说是用Nynorsk写的，这是挪威语的两大官方书面标准之一。分析句子结构可知，
空处为句子的谓语， publish与其主语his first novel之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。再结合时间状语in
1983可知，此处讲述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，主语是单数，be动词使用was。故填was
published。
4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：不满足于仅仅擅长写小说，福瑟还扩大了他的艺术视野，包括诗歌，戏剧和
儿童文学。have sth. done表示“使某件事情被完成”，此处表示“福瑟扩大了他的艺术视野，使诗歌、
戏剧和儿童文学包括在内”，poetry, plays, and children’s literature 和动词include是被动关系，应用过去
分词作宾语补足语。故填included。
5. 考查名词。句意：他的风格的特点是使用形式，偏爱简单的语言，并崇尚沉默的力量。根据句意及空
前的“for”和空后的“in language”可知，空处应用名词simplicity作宾语，为不可数名词。故填
simplicity。
6. 考查主语从句。句意：瑞典皇家科学院诺贝尔委员会主席安德斯·奥尔森说得很中肯:“福瑟呈现的日常
情况在我们自己的生活中可以立即辨认出来。”根据句意可知，空处指代安德斯·奥尔森所说的话，引导
主语从句，指物，且在从句中作宾语，应用what引导主语从句，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填
答案第4页，共2页What。
7.考查冠词。句意：同上。to the point为固定表达，表示“简明恰当的，简洁中肯的”。故填the。
8.考查副词。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰形容词recognizable，应用副词作状语，故填
instantly。
9. 考查形容词。句意：福瑟被认为是最近挪威文学给世界文学带来的最伟大的作家之一，他的戏剧
Namnet在1995年首次上演，即使在今天仍然是一个经常上演的作品。根据句意及空前的“one of the”可
知，空处应用形容词最高级，表示“最伟大的作家之一”。故填greatest。
10. 考查时态。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，空处在句子中作谓语动词。根据句意以及句尾的“in
this day”可知，空处描述的是现在的情况，应用一般现在时，主语his play Namnet是单数，谓语动词应用
第三人称单数形式。故填continues。
41．were announced 42．winning 43．third 44．inspiration 45．with 46．where
47．closely 48．a 49．than 50．will see
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要说明了2023年世界科幻文学最高奖项“雨果奖”的获奖者于周六晚公
布，中国作家海漄以《时空画师》获得最佳中篇小说奖，他也是继刘慈欣、郝景芳之后，第三位获得雨
果奖的中国科幻作家。
41．考查时态语态。句意：今年10月，2023年雨果奖的获奖者在2023成都世界科幻大会上公布，中国
作家海漄的《时空画家》获得了雨果奖最佳中篇小说奖。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文this
October可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为The winners，谓语用复数。故填were announced。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意：今年10月，2023年雨果奖的获奖者在2023成都世界科幻大会上公布，中
国作家海漄的《时空画家》获得了雨果奖最佳中篇小说奖。此处为with的复合结构，且Chinese writer
Hai Ya’s The Space-Time Painter与win为主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填winning。
43．考查序数词。句意：海是继刘慈欣和郝景芳之后第三位获得该奖项的中国人。此处表示“第三”应
用序数词third。故填third。
44．考查名词。句意：海从名著《千里江山》中汲取灵感，创作了这部惊悚小说，将中国传统文化和历
史元素与科幻和侦探类型相结合。作宾语，应用名词inspiration，抽象概念，不可数。故填inspiration。
45．考查介词。句意：海从名著《千里江山》中汲取灵感，创作了这部惊悚小说，将中国传统文化和历
史元素与科幻和侦探类型相结合。表示“结合”短语为combine…with…。故填with。
46．考查定语从句。句意：在经历了许多痛苦和折磨之后，画家的思想放弃了他的身体，进入了一个现
代警察正在调查一件涉及古代绘画的案件的空间。定语从句修饰先行词space，在从句作地点状语，故填
where。47．考查副词。句意：科幻叙事与中国历史紧密相连，揭示了这幅古画创作时期的政治权力斗争。修饰
connected应用副词closely，故填closely。
48．考查冠词。句意：海也是一名金融工作者，他认为自己更像是一个科幻爱好者，而不是作家。worker
为泛指，且financial是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
49．考查固定短语。句意：海也是一名金融工作者，他认为自己更像是一个科幻爱好者，而不是作家。
结合句意表示“比起……更像是……”短语为more of…than…。故填than。
50．考查时态。句意：“但我相信，如果我愿意付出努力，我就会看到希望和曙光。”此处为主将从现，
主句表示将来应用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。故填will see。
51．delightful 52．has become 53．Referred 54．in 55．popularity 56．to be involved
57．where 58．relatively 59．allowing 60．an
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了城市漫步逐渐在年轻人中兴起，他们通过这种方式了解城
市的建筑、历史以及饮食文化，这种趋势正在从一线城市扩展到二三线城市。
51．考查形容词。句意：在过去的几个月里，召集几个亲密的朋友在城市街道上愉快地散步已成为中国
年轻人喜爱的一项活动。分析句子可知，空处是修饰stroll的定语，形容词delightful“令人愉快的”符合
题意。故填delightful。
52．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的几个月里，召集几个亲密的朋友在城市街道上愉快地散步已
成为中国年轻人喜爱的一项活动。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，时间状语为in the past few
months，句子应用现在完成时，且主语动名词短语Gathering a few close friends…为单数，助动词用has。
故填has become。
53．考查非谓语动词。句意：这种趋势被称为“城市漫步”，指的是在城市地区悠闲地步行。分析句子
可知，句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语动词作状语，refer to和this trend逻辑上是被动关系，refer应用
过去分词形式，且空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Referred。
54．考查介词。句意：参与者可以遵循独特的城市路线，也可以没有路线，沉浸在氛围中，发现历史建
筑，探索精品店，喝一杯咖啡，享受正宗的当地小吃。根据“losing themselves”和“the atmosphere”可知，
此处用动词短语lose oneself in，意为“沉浸在……中”。故填in。
55．考查名词。句意：随着越来越多的人寻求在网上分享他们的经历和想法，在中国各种社交媒体平台
上，“城市漫步”的标签和关键词受到了极大的欢迎。分析句子可知，空处作gained的宾语，应用名词
popularity，意为“欢迎”，为不可数名词。故填popularity。
56．考查非谓语动词。句意：起源于北京和上海这样的大城市，“城市漫步”现象已经开始蔓延到中国
答案第6页，共2页的二三线城市，鼓励更多的参与者和活动组织者参与进来。根据“encouraging more participants and event
organizers”可知，此处用动词短语encourage sb. to do sth.，且involve“使参加”和more participants and
event organizers逻辑上是被动的关系，应用involve的不定式被动形式。故填to be involved。
57．考查定语从句。句意：城市漫步不仅为年轻人提供了一种与城市互动的方式，还为他们提供了一个
新的社交场景，在那里，有着相同兴趣和想法的人可以很容易地交到朋友。分析句子可知，空处引导非
限制性定语从句，对先行词scene作补充说明，先行词在从句中表示行为发生的地点，作地点状语，应用
关系副词where作引导词。故填where。
58．考查副词。句意：尽管城市漫步相对较新，但它为城市旅行者提供了一个积极的转变，允许他们根
据自己的兴趣和需求选择体验。分析句子可知，空处修饰形容词new，应用副词relatively，意为“相对
地”。故填relatively。
59．考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管城市漫步相对较新，但它为城市旅行者提供了一个积极的转变，允许
他们根据自己的兴趣和需求选择体验。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处表示随着谓语动作自然
发生的结果，作结果状语，应用allow的现在分词形式。故填allowing。
60．考查冠词。句意：此外，这也为导游和旅游服务供应商提供了一个机会，以提供更量身定制和专业
的服务，以满足不断变化的市场需求。分析句子可知，空处表示泛指，意为“一个”，应用不定冠词，
且opportunity的发音以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。
61．natural 62．to live 63．built 64．existence 65．a/one 66．Surrounding 67．is
separated 68．in 69．What 70．and
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了苏州拙政园的美景。
61．考查形容词。句意：由于其靠近首都的地理位置和美丽的自然风光，苏州成为人们居住的首选之地。
根据“beauty”可知，空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词。故填natural。
62．考查动词不定式。句意：由于其靠近首都的地理位置和美丽的自然风光，苏州成为人们居住的首选
之地。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“became”，故空处需填非谓语动词，根据句意可知，此处
表示“去居住的首选之地”，故用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to live。
63．考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，这里建造了300多个花园，有60多个仍然存在。分析句子结构可知，
句中已有谓语动词“were”，故空处需填非谓语动词，“gardens”和“build”之间是被动关系，故用过去分
词作后置定语。故填built。
64．考查名词。句意：因此，这里建造了300多个花园，有60多个仍然存在。根据“are still in”可知，空
处需填名词作宾语，in existence表示“存在”，符合句意。故填existence。
65．考查冠词和数词。句意：在这些花园中，拙政园是最大和最著名的，水池占其面积的三分之一。根据句意可知，此处表示三分之一，用a third或one third表示。故填a或one。
66．考查现在分词。句意：水池的四周是一群繁盛的花草树木。分析句子结构可知，该句为完全倒装句，
正常语序应是“a luxuriant group of flowers, plants, and trees is ____6____the water pools”，“a luxuriant
group of flowers, plants, and trees”和“surround”之间是主动关系，空前已有be动词，构成现在进行时，故
填Surrounding。
67．考查时态语态。句意：作为典型的苏州园林，这个园林分成不同的部分，提供不同形状和大小的各
种空间，代表不同的情绪和感觉。分析句子结构可知，空处缺谓语动词，描述客观事实用一般现在时，
主语“this garden”和“separate”之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is separated。
68．考查介词。句意：作为典型的苏州园林，这个园林分成不同的部分，提供不同形状和大小的各种空
间，代表不同的情绪和感觉。in diverse shapes and sizes表示“有着不同形状和大小”，符合句意。故填
in。
69．考查主语从句。句意：你要做的就是漫步在水草之中，享受每一刻，根据当天的心情找到属于自己
的宝藏。分析句子结构可知，“__9____you have to do”是主语从句，从句缺宾语，指代“你要做的事情”，
故用what引导。故填what。
70．考查连词。句意：你要做的就是漫步在水草之中，享受每一刻，根据当天的心情找到属于自己的宝
藏。分析句意可知，“walk among the water and plants, enjoy every moment”和“find your own treasures”是
并列关系。故填and。
71．education 72．lies 73．childhood 74．up 75．famous 76．first 77．families
78．that 79．learned/learnt 80．better
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国古代的思想家和教育家孔子的生平，他在教育以及思想方面
对社会的贡献。
71．考查名词。句意：虽然他生活在2000多年前，但今天人们仍然记得并尊敬他对教育的贡献。由空前
定冠词the可知，此处为名词形式作宾语。故填education。
72．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：孔子生活在鲁国，鲁国位于山东省。分析句子可知，此处为定语
从句中谓语动词的填入，结合句意可知，此处应为陈述客观事实，为一般现在时，主语Lu State为单数名
词，所以为动词三单形式。故填lies。
73．考查名词。句意：他的童年很艰难。由空前hard为形容词可知，此处为名词childhood“童年”作宾语，
满足句意要求。故填childhood。
74．考查动词短语。句意：但年轻的孔子并没有放弃学习。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语give up
答案第8页，共2页doing“放弃做某事”。故填up。
75．考查形容词。句意：他拜访了许多著名的老师，学习了音乐、历史、诗歌和体育。由空后teachers为
名词可知，此处为形容词famous“著名的”作定语修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填famous。
76．考查序数词。句意：后来，他成为一名教师，创办了中国历史上第一所公立学校。根据句意以及空
前the定冠词可知，此处为序数词first，构成the first“第一个”修饰后面的名词public school，满足句意要
求。故填first。
77．考查名词复数形式。句意：那时只有富裕家庭的孩子才能上学。根据句意可知，此处为表示“富裕
家庭的孩子才能上学”，所以此处名词应为复数形式。故填families。
78．考查宾语从句。句意：但孔子认为，如果每个人都想学习，就应该去上学。分析句子可知，此处为
从属连词that引导的宾语从句，that在从句中不作成分，无实意，只起到连接作用。故填that。
79．考查不定式的被动语态。句意：他告诉我们，我们都有值得学习的东西。分析句子可知，此处为动
词不定式作后置定语修饰something，something和动词learn为被动关系，所以为不定式的被动语态，此
处learn的过去分词为learned/learnt。故填learned/learnt。
80．考查形容词比较级。句意：当我和三个人在一起时，他们中一定有一个在某些方面比我强。我选择
他们的优点并跟随他们。由空后than可知，此处为形容词比较级形式。故填better。
81．However 82．threatening 83．heading 84．The 85．with 86．where 87．has
witnessed 88．intention 89．Fortunately 90．further
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了随着游客增加，富士山环境遭到破坏，面临着被移除世界遗产
名录的威胁。
81．考查副词。句意：然而，攀登这座雄伟山峰的游客数量激增，正威胁着这座山峰的世界遗产名录中
的位置。前文“The scenic spot was listed as a world heritage site in 2013.(该景区于2013年被列为世界遗
产。)”和空后“a jump in the number of tourists climbing the majestic mountain is 2 (threat) that
listing”之间是转折关系，且空后为逗号，所以这里应用副词however(然而)。故填However。
82．考查非谓语动词。句意参考上题。根据空后的that listing可知，空处应用动词。主语a jump和threat
之间是主谓关系，且空前有is，所以这里应用现在分词，和is一起构成现在进行时。故填threatening。
83．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着如此多的游客前往这些小径，日本正在经历新冠疫情后的旅游热潮。
分析句子结构，这里是with复合结构。逻辑主语so many visitors和head之间是主谓关系，所以这里应用
现在分词，作宾补。故填heading。
84．考查冠词。句意：大量的登山者正在对斜坡造成环境破坏。the number of意为“……的数量”，其后
谓语应用单数形式。故填The。85．考查介词。句意：富士山正面临着一场真正的危机。be faced with意为“面临”。故填with。
86．考查定语从句。句意：旅游业已经无法控制，我们担心富士山很快就会成为一个没有吸引力的地方，
没有人愿意去攀登。分析句子结构，空处引导一个定语从句，修饰先行词place，且从句中缺少地点状语，
所以应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
87．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自2013年以来，该山的第五个基站的游客增加了50%，今年夏天的游
客约为400万。根据句中的since 2013可知，这里应用现在完成时。主语The mountain’s fifth base station
为单数，所以谓语应用单数形式。故填has witnessed。
88．考查名词。句意：另一个令地方当局头疼的问题是“子弹登山者”，这些人打算在24小时内上下富
士山。根据空前的an可知，空处应用名词单数。intention意为“打算，目的”。have an intention to do
sth.意为“打算做某事”。故填intention。
89．考查副词。句意：幸运的是，官方的登山季在周日结束，使富士山免受进一步的破坏。空处应用副
词，修饰整个句子。fortunately意为“幸运地”。故填Fortunately。
90．考查形容词比较级。句意参考上题。根据句中的“the official climbing season ended on Sunday”可知，
随着登山季的结束，富士山免受进一步破坏，这里应用far的比较级further，表示程度上的进一步，作定
语修饰damage。故填further。
91．making 92．characters 93．helped 94．has won 95．adorable 96．with 97．
who/that 98．to meet 99．locally 100．a
【导语】本文一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国最新的网络红人——上海迪士尼乐园的粉红狐狸
LinaBell。
91．考查非谓语动词。句意：自9月29日首次亮相以来，这个真人大小的人偶已经登上了中国的社交媒
体。介词after后用动名词作宾语。故填making。
92．考查可数名词单复数。句意：与其他迪士尼角色不同，LinaBell从未出现在大屏幕或小屏幕上。形容
词other意为“其他的”，只修饰复数名词。故填characters。
93．考查时态语态。句意：我们所知道的是，根据迪士尼的角色介绍视频，她在森林里遇到了达菲，这
是米老鼠的爱人米妮送给他的泰迪熊，并帮助他找到了回家的路。提示词与动词met是并列关系，作谓语
动词，与主语she之间是主动关系，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态。故填helped。
94．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：自从她首次亮相以来，这个毛茸茸的角色就赢得了许多游客的心，
他们被她独特的个性和可爱的外表所吸引。win(赢得)是主句中谓语动词，与主语the fluffy (毛茸茸的)
character之间是主动关系，句中有时间状语Since her first debut，应使用现在完成时态，又因主语是单数
答案第10页，共2页名词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用现在完成主动语态，单数形式。故填has won。
95．考查形容词。句意：自从她首次亮相以来，这个毛茸茸的角色就赢得了许多游客的心，他们被她独
特的个性和可爱的外表所吸引。提示词作定语修饰名词appearance，用形容词adorable，意为“可爱的”。
故填adorable。
96．考查介词。句意：网上到处都是LinaBell与粉红狐狸见面打招呼的视频，可以看到LinaBell通过富有
表现力的肢体语言与每一位访客交流。communicate with是固定搭配，意为“与……交流”。故填with。
97．考查定语从句。句意：她会纠正那些念错她名字的游客，对那些排了几个小时队想见她的人表示爱，
并发放免费糖果。分析句子可知，空格处单词引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词visitors，关系词代替先
行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词who或者that引导该从句。故填who/that。
98．考查非谓语动词。句意：上海迪士尼乐园的游客是第一批见到LinaBell的人，这是她在中国城市的首
次全球亮相。“the+序数词+(名词)+to do”是固定搭配，意为“第几个做……的……”，不定式作后置定
语。故填to meet。
99．考查副词。句意：作为一个“本地出生”的角色，LinaBell可以听懂上海以外的不同中国方言，并可
以与来自中国不同地区的游客互动。提示词修饰形容词born，用副词locally，意为“本地，本土”，作
状语。故填locally。
100．考查冠词。句意：与巴黎和香港相比，上海迪士尼乐园在财务上取得了相当大的成功。可数名词
success在句中表示“一次成功”，泛指，considerable发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰。故填
a。
