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Unit 10 You are supposed to shake hands.
九年级英语上册必备知识清单
一、词汇知识清单
I、课标词汇[注意英译汉]
custom n.风俗；习俗 bow v.&n鞠躬 kiss v.亲吻 greet v.打招呼 relaxed adj.放松的
value v.珍视& n. 价值 capital n.首都 moon n.月亮 mad adj.生气的 effort n.努力
passport n.护照 chalk n. 粉笔 blackboard n.黑板 coast n.海岸 season n.季节
northern adj.北方的 knock v. 敲 eastern adj. 东方的worth adj.值得的 elbow n. 肘
manner n.方式；礼仪 empty adj.空的 basic adj.基本的 exchange v.&n.交换 teenage n.青少年
granddaughter n.孙女 behave v.表现；举止 except prep.除了 gradually adv.逐渐地
suggestion n.建议
II、语法词汇知其变[注意词性变化]
greet v. 和......打招呼;迎接---- greeting n. 问候；招呼；祝贺
relaxed adj. 放松的；-- relaxing adj. 令人感到放松的-- relax v. 放松；休息-- relaxation n. 放松；消遣
value v. 重视；珍视；n. 价值---- valuable adj. 有价值的；贵重的---- valueless adj. 无价值的；不值钱的----
invaluable adj.无价的；非常贵重的----unvalued adj. 不受重视的；无价值的
capital n. 首都；国都；资金；大写字母---- capitalize v.用大写字母写
effort n. 努力；尽力---- effortful adj. 需要努力的；显示努力的；充满努力的----effortless adj. 不费力的，
容易的；天生的
northern adj. 北方的；北部的----- north n. 北方---- northerner n. 北方人
coast n. 海岸；海滨---- coastal adj. 沿海的；海岸的
eastern adj. 东方的；东部的---- east n. 东方---- easterner n. 东方人
worth adj. 值得的；有......价值的---- worthy adj. 值得的；有价值的---- worthless adj. 无价值的；不值钱的
manner n. 方式；方法；（pl. ）礼貌；礼仪----mannered adj. 矫揉造作的；守规矩的
empty adj. 空的；空洞的----emptiness n.空洞
basic adj. 基本的；基础的---- base n. 基础；基本成分 v. 以……作基础；将……的活动中心设在某地----
basis n. 基础；底部；主要成分----basement n. 地下室；地窖---- basically adv. 主要地；基本地teenage adj. 十几岁的；青少年的---- teenager n. 青少年
behave v. 表现；举止---- behavio(u)r n. 行为；举止；表现
gradually adv. 逐步的；逐渐的---- gradual adj. 逐渐的
suggestion n. 建议----- suggest v. 建议
III、重点短语知搭配[注意固定短语的英汉互译]
1. be relaxed about 对...自由/放松
2. drop by拜访
3.after all毕竟
4.get mad生气
5. make ...feel at home 使...宾至如归
6.clean...off把...擦掉
7. go out of one’s way 格外努力
8. make an effort作出努力
9. be expected to do 理应做...
10.be supposed to do应该做...
11. to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是
12. take off起飞
13. get used to 习惯
14. make mistakes 犯错误
15. be comfortable doing sth 轻松自如地做某事
IV、核心单词知用法[注意固定短语、句型和词块]
1. greet V.打招呼=say hello to sb.
【短语】greet sb with..用...和某人打招呼
2.relaxed adj.轻松的；自在的
【短语】be relaxed about 对...宽松/随意 relaxed& relaxing
3.value n.价值&v.珍视/重视
【拓展】valuable贵重的;有价值的 valueless无价的
4. mad adj.生气的
【短语】be/get mad at /with sth/sb =be angry with sb/sth生某人的气 be mad about sth因某事而生气
5. Northern adj.北方的 north n.北方
【拓展】eastern 东方的 east 东方 western 西方的 west 西方 southern南方的 south 南方6.knock
【短语】knock into与...相撞 knock down撞倒 knock at 敲
7.Worth
【短语】be worth doing sth意为“值得做某事”
【拓展】be worth +名词 be worth the time/money/trouble/effort费时间、金钱、费力、麻烦也是值得的
8.empty adj.空的 v.倒空；清空
8. Exchange n.&v.
【短语】in exchange for 交换 exchange A for B 用A换B
9. suggestion
名词 动词搭配 互换短语
suggest suggestion可数名词 suggest doing sth建议做某事 give some advice/
(a suggestion一条建议) suggest (that) sb. do sth建议某人做某事 suggestions提建议
advise advice不可数名词 advise sb. to do sth建议做某事 follow one’s advice/
(a piece of advice 一条建 advise (that) sb. do sth建议某人做某事 suggestions听从意见
议)
10. behave v.表现；举止
【拓展】behavior n.行为 behave oneself 表现好自己
11.manner 通常用复数形式表示“礼貌；礼仪”； table manners 餐桌礼仪
【拓展】还可以意为“方法；方式”
短语赏析：
1.关于drop的短语
drop by+(地点/人物) 顺便拜访；随便进入 drop in at+地点：拜访某地 drop in on+sb：拜访某人
2. 关于all的短语
first of all首先 all in all 总之 after all毕竟 not... at all一点也不 all the time一直 all of a sudden突然
3. 关于take的短语
take care of照顾 take off 起飞；脱；成功 take place发生 take a break 休息 take notes 记笔记
take a message捎口信 take after像 take away 拿走 take up从事;占据 take down写下;摧毁
take in吸收；欺骗;理解 take it easy take over 接管
4. 关于way的常用短语
on one’s way (to)在去...路上 by the way顺便说一下 in a way在某种程度上 in this way用这种方
式
get in the way of妨碍 lose one’s way 迷路 go out of one’s way格外努力5. 区别besides/except/but
三者都可表示“除外”，但 besides 表示一种累加关系，意指“除了什么之外，还有”；而 except 或
but 则表示一种排除关系，意指“除了什么之外，不再有”
All students went to park besides Tom.(Tom也去了)。All students went to park except /but Tom.(Tom没去)
V、高级结构会变通[注意高级在写作中的仿写]
经典句型
1.You are supposed to shake hands.你们应该握手。
2.In the United States, they’re expected to shake hands.在美国，他们应该握手。
3.I met a Japanese boy called Sato, and as soon as I held out my hands, he bowed.
我遇到了一个叫佐藤的日本男孩，我刚一伸出手，他就鞠躬了。
4.We often just drop by our friends’ homes if we have time.我们经常一有时间就顺便到朋友家拜访。
5.It is worth the trouble if you want to understand another culture.
但是如果你想了解另一种文化，即使麻烦也是值得的。
6.I’m very comfortable speaking French now.我现在讲法语轻松自如。
7.I was a bit nervous before I arrived here, but there was no reason to be.
我来这里之前还有点紧张，但是没有理由那样。
8.I held out my hands and to my surprise, she kissed me on both sides of my face!
我伸出手，可令我吃惊的是，她亲吻了我的双颊。
句型解读：
1.You are supposed to shake hands.
【点拨】be supposed to do意为“应该做某事”，用于表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等，相当于should do
sth=ought to do sth；shake hands with sb意为“与...握手”
2.In the United States, they’re expected to shake hands.
【点拨】expect sb to do sth意为“希望某人做某事”，经常用于被动语态，其结构“sb be expected to do
sth”
3.I met a Japanese boy called Sato, and as soon as I held out my hands, he bowed.
【点拨】as soon as意为“一...就”，引导时间状语从句。如果主句用一般将来时、含情态动词或祈使句，
从句应用一般现在时。held out意为“伸出；递出”
4.I held out my hands and to my surprise, she kissed me on both sides of my face!
【点拨】to one’s surprise意为“令某人惊讶的是”
【拓展】in/with surprise惊奇地 be surprised at/about对...感到 be surprised to do sth5.We often just drop by our friends’ homes if we have time.
【点拨】drop by 意为“顺便拜访；随便进入”
【拓展】drop in at+地点：拜访某地 drop in on+sb：拜访某人
6.It is worth the trouble if you want to understand another culture.
【点拨】be worth doing sth意为“值得做某事”
【拓展】be worth +名词 be worth the time/money/trouble/effort费时间、金钱、费力、麻烦也是值得的
7.I’m very comfortable speaking French now.
【点拨】be comfortable doing意为“做某事自信、自如”=feel good about doing
8.I was a bit nervous before I arrived here, but there was no reason to be.
【点拨】there is/was (no) reason to do sth意为“（没）有理由做某事”=have no reason to do
【拓展】there is/was (no) need to do sth意为“（没）有必要做某事”
9.I always leave the house early to avoid heavy traffic because it’s impolite to keep others waiting.
【点拨】keep用法 1.keep+adj 2.keep+doing 3.keep+宾语+宾语补足语
二、语法知识清单
1. be supposed to do表示应该做某事
①当be supposed to的主语是“人”时，意为“应该/被期望...”,它可以用来表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等，
相当于should。
②当be supposed to的主语是“物”时，意为“本应该”，用于表示某事本应该发生而没有发生。
③was/were supposed to do sth相当于should have done,表示（过去）本应该做某事而实际上并没有做。
④be supposed to 还可以表示“被认为，被相信是...”
2. be expected to do表示“预计，预料，有望...”
3. It is +形容词+for/of sb.+不定式
It is +形容词+for sb.+不定式 句型中的形容词为描述事物特征的词:It is important for us to learn
English.
It is +形容词+of sb.+不定式 句型中的形容词为描述人物品质及性格特征的词:It is kind of you to help
me.
三、语篇知识清单
一、话题分析
本单元话题是“风俗礼仪”，围绕这一话题谈论不同国家的礼仪，如见面礼仪、餐桌礼仪等，谈论在不同的场合应该做什么，了解不同国家的文化习俗。要求同学们能简单介绍不同国家人们见面时的礼仪习俗及
日常生活中的习俗。最能体现本单元话题以及语言运用能力的作文为介绍不同国家风俗习惯的短文、
书信或邮件等。
二、写作方法
“三步法”写“介绍风俗类”作文
第一步：总体介绍
第二步：分细节介绍
第三步：以祝福或期待收尾
三、素材积累
“介绍风俗类”作文常用语块：
见面礼仪
custom, meet, visit, should, be different from, shake hands, be (not) supposed to, be expected to, first,second.then,
finally smile and say “nihao", not kiss or hug, ·introduce younger ones to older ones, introduce men to women
餐桌礼仪
start to eat until everyone is at the table, not start eating first if there are older people at the table, not stick your
chopsticks into your food, lay your chopsticks on your plate or bowl, not point at anyone with your chopsticks,not
make any noise when you eat your soup, not speak with your mouth full of food, not hit an empty bowl with your
chopsticks, accept it when the host
待客与做客礼仪
serve some fruit, offer some tea, receive the gift / present with two hands, not open the gift / present until the guests
leave, use serving chopsticks or spoons to give out food call first before visiting your friend, knock on the door before
entering the room, not leave without saying goodbye, arrive on time, bring some gifts /presents, express your thanks to
the hosts when you leave
“介绍风俗类”作文常用句型:
1. It's polite to...
2. It' s impolite / rude to ... ..
3. You should/shouldn't...
4. You' re (not) supposed to ...
5. You' re (not) expected to ...
6. It' s important to ...
7.Don't...8.Never...
9. Remember (not) to ...
10. You' d better (not)...
11.One important thing is that …
12. Another example is that …
13. Also, … / What’s more, / besides, / for example, if, when, althouth, so…
“介绍风俗类”作文常用常用习语
When in Rome, do as Romans do.入乡随俗。
“After you” is good manners. “您先请”是礼貌。
Custom is the guide of the ignorant.习俗是无知者的向导。
Custom makes all things easy.若照习俗办，万事皆不难。
写作训练
假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Dale发来电子邮件，想了解中国人的一些社交习俗。请你根据以下要点
提示给他回复一封电子邮件，从四个方面进行介绍。
要点提示：1. 与他人初次见面时； 2. 客人来访时； 3. 接受礼物时； 4. 赴宴时。
要求：1. 词数90左右，电子邮件的格式、开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数； 2. 可以适当增加细节，
以使行文连贯。
Dear Dale,
Glad to hear from you. Now let me introduce some Chinese customs to you.
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Anyhow, different cultures have different customs. Could you please tell me some customs in your country?
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Dale,Glad to hear from you. Now let me introduce some Chinese customs to you.
In China, when we meet others for the first time, we usually say “Hello” and shake hands. We don’t hug or kiss
each other. When visitors come to our homes, we always serve some fruit and offer some tea. But it’s not polite to
pour too much or too little tea into the cup. When we accept gifts, we must use both hands to take them. And we
usually say “It’s unnecessary” before finally accepting a gift to show politeness. If we are invited to a party, we are
supposed to arrive on time.
Anyhow, different cultures have different customs. Could you please tell me some customs in your country?
Yours,
Li Hua
