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高中英语必备核心短语与句型（讲义）
必备句型UNIT 12
It句型
It句型主要有三个方面：
1. it引导的强调句型；
2. it作形式主语或者形式宾语；
3. it和since, before, when等连用。
为了提高同学们的应变能力，现对 it 引导的一些常见句型归纳总结
如下：
1.It be+被强调成分+that/who-clause强调句型
用 被强调成分是“人”时，连词用 that或who都可以，否则，只能
用that，而且，be动词只能用is 或was 两种形式。
例 It was two years ago that he made an important invention.（原句是：
He made an important invention two years ago.）就是在两年之前，他
做出了一项重要的发明。
It was at 6 o’clock that he practiced playing the violin in the morning.
（ 原 句 是 ： He practiced playing the violin at 6 o’clock in the
morning.）他早上六点钟的时候练习拉小提琴。
辨 It was 6 o’clock when he began to practice playing the violin in the
morning.（早上他开始练习拉小提琴时是在六点钟）这是含有状语从
句的复合句，而非强调句型，it 指时间，it was 6 o’clock. 即“六点钟了。”
拓 在 not... until...句型中，强调 until引导的状语从句时，用 It is/was
not until+被强调成分+that-clause结构。如：
I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark
glasses. 直到她摘下墨镜我才意识到她是一位著名的电影明星。
变为强调句即：It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I
realized she was a famous film star.
考 It was not until near the end of the letter ______ she mentioned her
own plan.（天津高考）
A. that
B. where
C. why
D. when
选A。此处考查固定句型 not... until... 的强调句，其句型结构应为：
It is/was not until... that+句子，故本题应选A。
2.It takes (sb.) some time/energy to do sth. 花（某人）……时间/精力
做某事
用 此句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。
例 It took me three hours to finish my homework. 我花了三个小时才
完成作业。
3.It be+adj./n.+for sb. to do sth.（for sb.表示动词不定式动作的执行者)
It be+adj.+of sb. to do sth.（of sb.既表示动词不定式动作的执行者又表示人所具备的性质或特征）
用 此句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。
例 It’s important for us to have a good command of English. 掌握好英
语对我们来说是重要的。
It’s kind of him to put us up for the night. 他为我们提供住宿，真是太
好了。
4.It is said/thought/hoped/believed/reported/suggested... that... 据说/认
为/希望/报道/建议……
用 此句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面 that引导的从句，即
主语从句。
例 It is said that he is studying abroad. 据说他正在国外留学。
拓 此句型可以用下面的形式表达相同的意思：
Sb. is said/thought/hoped/believed to do sth...（注意：suggest 不适用于
这种转换）
It is said that he is studying abroad.=He is said to be studying abroad.
5.主语+think/consider/believe/make/feel+it+adj./n.+for sb./of sb.+to do
sth. 某人认为/使/觉得做某事对于某人来说是……
用 此句型中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式。
例 I feel it foolish of him to believe such a man. 我觉得他太傻了，竟
然相信这样的人。
The timely rain had made it possible for the crops to grow well. 这场及
时雨使得庄稼可以很好地生长。考 No matter where he is, he makes ______ a rule to go for a walk
before breakfast.（陕西高考）
A. him
B. this
C. that
D. it
选 D。句意：无论在哪儿，早餐之前散散步都是他的老规矩。由句
意可知 to go for a walk before breakfast 是真正宾语，a rule 为宾补，
故此处需用it充当形式宾语。
6.It be+时间+before-clause
用 “It was (not)+时间段+before+一般过去时”意为“过了一段时间
才……；没过多久就……”；“It will (not) be+时间段+before+一般
现在时”意为“多久才……；不久就……”。
例 It was not long before she learned those poems by heart. 她没过多久
就背会了那些诗歌。
It was long before the police arrived. 过了很久警察才来。
It will be hours before he makes a decision. 要过好几个小时他才会做
出决定。
It will not be hours before we meet again. 要不了几个小时我们还会再
见面的。
考 John thinks it won’t be long ______ he is ready for his new job.（湖
南高考）A. when
B. after
C. before
D. since
选 C。句意：约翰认为不久他就能为他的新工作做好准备。所填词
引导状语从句，构成 It will not be+时间段+before 状语从句，意思是
“用不了多久就……”。
7.It is/has been+时间段+since... 自从……以来多久了
用 该句型中since从句的谓语动词需使用一般过去时。
例 It is three years since I last saw you. 自从我上次见到你到现在已经
三年了。
考 As is reported, it is 100 years ______ Tsinghua University was
founded.（四川高考）
A. when
B. before
C. after
D. since
选 D。句意：据报道，自从清华大学建校以来到现在已经有一百年
了。此处需用 It is... since... 句型，表示“自从……已经有……”，
故本题选D。
8.It is+time for sth.=It’s time to do sth. 到了该做某事的时候了
用 如果要具体说明该某人做某事的时候了，可以用 It’s time for sb.to do sth.
例 It’s time for us to leave. 到了我们该走的时候了。
9. It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事
例 It’s your turn to answer the question. 轮到你回答问题了。
10.It’s no use(good) doing sth. 做某事是没有用的
例 It’s no use waiting here. Let’s go home. 在这儿等着也没用，我们
回家吧。
EXERCISE
1.Most young people find ______ exciting to watch a football match.
A. that
B. this
C. it
D. one
2.With housing price going up constantly, more and more working
families find ______ difficult to afford a comfortable apartment.
A. that
B. it
C. them
D. this
3.—______ he managed to solve the problem?
—Oh, he turned to Professor Lee for advice.
A. Was it how thatB. Was it that how
C. How was it that
D. How it was that
4.The question is too difficult and we found ______.
A. it not easy to answer it
B. it was not easy for us to answer it
C. it’s not easy to answer
D. it not easy to answer
5.It was not until last year ______ he got in touch with his father in
Canada.
A. where
B. what
C. how
D. that
6.—What was the party like?
—Wonderful. It’s years ______ I enjoyed myself so much.
A. after
B. when
C. before
D. since
7.We have made ______ clear that we are strongly against smoking in the
office.A. this
B. that
C. it
D. one
8.It was only after he had read the papers ______ Mr. Gross realized the
task was very hard to complete.
A. when
B. that
C. which
D. what
9.Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up
______ I could answer the phone.
A. as B. since C. until D. before
10.______ seemed that she was out as no one answered my phone.
A. That
B. What
C. It
D. She
11.It was quite a long time ______ I figured out what had happened to the
manager.
A. after
B. beforeC. when
D. since
12.It’s time ______ lunch. We should go to the dining room now.
A. in
B. with
C. for
D. on
13.I don’t think ______ possible to master a foreign language without
much memory work.
A. this
B. that
C. its
D. it
14.It’s no use ______. We should try our best to find the right solutions.
A. to complain
B. complains
C. of complaining
D. complaining
15.Today is Friday. It’s my ______ to clean the room.
A. turn
B. work
C. wayD. week
答案
01-05 CBCDD
06-10 DCBDC
11-15 BCDDA
There be 句型
1.There be 结构是英语中陈述事物客观存的常用句型，表示“有”，
其确切含义是“存在”, 表达“某个地方或某个时间存在什么事物
或人”。在这个句型中，be 动词的单复数要遵循就近一致原则。还
要注意there be不要错用成there have/has。
例 There is a famous Italian restaurant across the street. 穿过街道，有
一家著名的意大利餐馆。
There is a table, four chairs and a small bed in the room. 房间里有一张
桌子，四把椅子和一张小床。
2.There be 句型也可以和这样一些动词结构连用：be going to, seem
to, appear to, used to, be likely to, happen to...
例 There is going to be a meeting tonight. 今天晚上有个会议。
There happened to be a bus nearby. 碰巧附近有辆公交车。
There appears to have been a nasty accident. 似乎发生了一起严重事故。
考 Laura was away in Paris for over a week. When she got home, there
was a pile of mail ______ for her.（辽宁高考）A. waited
B. to wait
C. waiting
D. was waiting
选 C。句意：劳拉去巴黎有一个多星期，当她回来的时候，有一堆
邮件等待她处理。此题there be句型的主语mail后接后置定语，wait
与mail间为主动关系，且wait这个动作正在进行，故选C。
3.There be 结构中 be 动词也可以用 live, stand, come, go 等动词代替，
但含义随动词变化而稍有变化。
例 Once upon a time there lived a king in China. 从前，中国有一个国
王。
There once stood a tall building on the square. 广场上曾经矗立着一栋
高楼。
4.There is (no)... left (for sth./doing sth.) 剩下（没剩下）……（来干
某事）
例 There is no time left. 没有时间了。
There is a little money left for food/ buying food. 还剩下一点钱来买食
品。
5.There is no need (for sb.) to do... 没有必要做……
例 We have plenty of time. There is no need to hurry. 我们有很多时间，
没有必要这么着急。
6.There is some/no doubt (about/of 或 that/whether 从句) （没）有疑问
例 There is no doubt about his success. 毫无疑问，他一定会成功。
There is no doubt that her death is related to politics. 她的死无疑和政治
有关。
There is some doubt whether he will come on time. 说不准他是否会按
时来。
7.There is something/nothing wrong with... 有（没有）故障
例 There is something wrong with my bike. 我的自行车出故障了。
EXERCISE
1.There ______ an English party in our school tomorrow evening.
A. has
B. will have
C. is going to have
D. will be
2.There ______ a pen, two pencils and three books on the desk.
A. is
B. are
C. has
D. have
3.There can be no ______ that Match day 5 at the 2014 FIFA World Cup
Brazil was breath-taking, after Thomas Muller scored the first hat-trick
for Germany.A. chance
B. doubt
C. wonder
D. point
4.What a pity my new computer doesn’t work. ______ must be
something wrong with it.
A. It
B. There
C. This
D. That
5.______ no need for us to discuss the problem again since it has already
been settled.
A. It has
B. There has
C. It is
D. There is
6.The plane to Beijing ______ at 9 a.m. and there ______ enough time
for us to have breakfast.
A. will take off; was
B. takes off; is
C. takes off; was
D. is about to take off; is7.—Mike, what a mess. There ______ a dictionary and so many books on
your desk. Please tidy them up.
—OK. Mum. I’ll do it right away.
A. has
B. are
C. is
D. have
8.There is no doubt ______ the boxes were then put on a train for
Konigsberg, ______ was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.
A. whether; which
B. that; where
C. that; that
D. that; which
9.______ is no possibility ______ Bob can win the first prize in the
match.
A. There; that
B. There; whether
C. It; that
D. It; whether
10.There is ______ wrong with the machine. It works perfectly well.
A. anything
B. nothingC. something
D. everything
答案
01-05 DABBD
06-10 BCDAB
