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高中英语重难点词汇辨析汇总+Lesson+25+词汇+S2++讲义-2026届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项_11.3-2_2026-11-03

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高中英语重难点词汇辨析汇总(讲义)
Lesson 25 词汇 S2
sing; sing of
【词义辨析】
1 sing 的意思是“唱,唱歌,鸣叫”,既可以用作及物动词,也可
用作不及物动词。
Will you sing a song for me? (你愿意为我唱首歌吗?)
The mother sang the baby to sleep. (母亲唱歌哄婴儿入睡。)
The little bird sang all the morning. (小鸟叫了一上午了。)
2 sing of 的意思是“歌唱,歌颂”,后接抽象事物,不是具体的东
西。
The poet sang of the victory. (诗人歌颂了胜利。)
Their poems sing of the beauty of Hong Kong. (他们的诗赞颂香
港的美景。)
注意 sing在不同的场合可表达不同的含义。
Don't sing the same song, I'm sick of it!(别再老调重弹了,我听得
烦了!)
I made his head sing. (我打得他脑袋发响。)
He sang another song suddenly. (他突然改变了态度。)
so as to; so... as to
【词义辨析】
1 so as to 的意思是“为了,以便,目的是”,三个单词之间不加任
1
学科网(北京)股份有限公司何内容,为固定搭配,后面跟动词原形,在句中作目的状语,与 in
order to相当,一般不位于句首。
I ran all the way so as to catch the first school bus. (我一路跑过
来,以便赶上头班校车。)
Mail your package early so as to ensure its timely arrival. (早点寄
出你的包裹以确保它能 及时寄到。)
2 so... as to 的意思是“到……的程度,如此……以致”,后面跟动词
原形,在句中作状语。so和as之间常需加形容词。
Would you please be so good as to lend me your mobile phone for a
minute? (请您把移动电话借给我用一下好吗?)
She was so kind as to help the old lady off the bus. (她心地如此善
良,把那位老妇人扶下了公共汽车。)
so that; so... that; such... that
【词义辨析】
1 so that 的意思是“以至于……,结果……,以便,为了”,用于引
导结果状语从句和目的状语从句。
I stopped so that you could catch up. (我停下来以便你能赶上。)
[表示目的]
He didn't plan his time well, so that he didn't finish the work on time.
(他没把时间计划好,结果没按时完成工作。)[表示结果]
Please place the flower in the shade so that the sun will not burn it.
(请把花放在阴凉处,这样太阳不会晒干它。)[表示目的]
2
学科网(北京)股份有限公司2 so... that 的意思是“如此……以至于”,用于引导结果状语从句,
表示程度。so与that之间需加形容词或者副词。
I am so excited that I can't say a single word. (我太激动了,一个
字也说不出来。)
He walks so slowly that even an old man can catch up with him.
(他走得太慢了,连一位老人都能赶上他。)
注意 当 so... that 结构中的 so+形容词/副词位于句首时,主句要
倒装。
So fast did he ran that nobody can catch him. (他跑得太快了,没
有人能抓住他。)
3 such... that 为“非常……以致”之意,引导结果状语从句,such 与
that之间通常加名词或名词短语。
She is such a lovely girl that everyone likes her. (她是一个如此可
爱的女孩,大家都喜欢她。)
He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling. (他的
胳膊很长,几乎能够得着天花板。)
注意 1 在 such...that 结构中,如果 such 后接的名词前的形容词
是表示“多,少”的many, much, little或few时,不用such而用so。
The house cost so much money that we didn't buy it. (房子价格太
高,我们没有买。)
He made so many mistakes in his composition that he was made to
rewrite it. (他作文中出了那么多的错误,结果被要求重写。)
3
学科网(北京)股份有限公司2 在such... that结构中,如果 such后跟a/an+形容词+单数可数
名词,可用so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词替换。
Tom was such an honest boy that he was often praised by the teacher.
=Tom was so honest a boy that he was often praised by the teacher.
(汤姆是个非常诚实的男孩,因此经常受到老师表扬。)
sometime; some time; sometimes; some times
【词义辨析】
1 sometime 的意思是“(过去或将来)某个时候,什么时候”,指
一个不确定的时间。
I will speak to him sometime next week. (下周某个时间我会跟他
说。)
I got it sometime last winter. (我是在去年冬天某个时候得到它
的。)
2 some time的意思是“一段时间”,用作名词词组。
I'll be away for some time. (我将离开一段时间。)
I will stay here for some time. (我将在这待一会儿。)
3 sometimes 的意思是“有时,有时候”,是个频率副词,表示动
作发生的不经常性。
Everyone is a fool sometimes, and none at all times. (每个人都会
在有些时候是傻瓜,但没有人一直是傻瓜。)
Sometimes he comes by bike and sometimes by bus. (他有时骑车
来,有时乘公共汽车来。)
4
学科网(北京)股份有限公司4 some times 的意思是“几次”,time 在这里用作可数名词,意思
是“次数”。
She had met him some times. (她碰到过他几次。)
He knocked the door some times this morning, but nobody answered
it. (今天上午他敲了几次门,但是没有人答应。)
stand by; stand for; stand up
【词义辨析】
1 stand by 的意思是“站在一边袖手旁观,站在一边随时准备行
动”。
When this accident happened they just stood by. (当事故发生时,
他们袖手旁观。)
Please stand by and wait for further information. (请做好准备,等
候进一步通知。)
2 stand for的意思是“代表”,也有“主张,提倡”的意思。
What does NBA stand for? (NBA代表着什么?)
They all stand for the freedom of speech for everyone. (他们都主
张每个人都应享有言论自由。)
3 stand up的意思是“站起身,起立”。
When the teacher enters, all the students stand up to show respect.
(老师进来时,所有的学生都起立以示敬意。)
She stood up to let her friend leave the cinema. (她站起来,让朋
友离开电影院。)
5
学科网(北京)股份有限公司stop doing; stop to do; stop... from doing
【词义辨析】
1 stop doing的意思是“停止正在做的事情”。
“Stop talking!” the teacher said. (老师说,“不要讲话”。)
The baby stopped crying and looked at the stranger. (婴儿不哭
了,看着这个陌生人。)
2 stop to do的意思是“停下正在做的事而去做另外一件事”。
She was running. When she saw me, she stopped to talk to me. (她
在跑步,当她看到我时,她停下来和我讲话。)
They walked for a while and stopped to have a rest. (他们走了一会
儿,停下来休息一下。)
3 stop... from doing的意思是“阻止……做某事,阻止……的发生”,
from可以省略。该词组与prevent... from doing同义。
Her father stopped her from telling the bad news to her mother. (爸
爸阻止她把这个坏消 息告诉妈妈。)
If I can stop her (from) coming to you, I shall do it. (如果我能阻止
她到你这里来,我就这样做。)
street; avenue; path; lane; road; pavement; highway
【词义辨析】
这组词都与“路”有关,但具体含义有所不同。
1 street的意思是“街,大街,街道”,通常指城镇中的道路。
I saw him walking on the street. (我看到他在大街上走。)
6
学科网(北京)股份有限公司The streets of this city are wide and beautiful. (这座城市的街道宽
敞而美丽。)
2 avenue 的意思是“大道,林荫大道”。在美国主要指繁华的林荫
大街。还有一种说法就是东西走向的街道称之 avenue,南北走向的
街道称之street。
The Fifth Avenue is one of the most famous avenues in New York for
expensive stores. (第五大街是纽约最著名的奢华商店林立的街道之
一。)
3 path一般指小道、小径,特别是林间或田间小径,而且通常是
由人走出来的,而不是修筑的。
There was a narrow path through the forest. (有一条穿过森林的小
路。)
Hard work is the path to success. (努力工作是成功之路。)
4 lane 一般指两边有树篱或者墙的小道或巷子、胡同,也指宽阔
街道上的车道。
He walked along the country lane. (他走在乡间的小路上。)
He lives in that lane. (他住在那条小巷里。)
He changed lanes to make a left turn. (他变换车道,向左转。)
5 road 的意思是“马路,道路,公路”,适用范围广泛,也指市区
外车辆或马匹行走的道路。
Workers will have completed the new roads by the end of this year.
(今年年底,工人们将要修筑好新的马路。)
7
学科网(北京)股份有限公司The old road is muddy. (这条老路很泥泞。)
6 pavement的意思是“人行道”,主要供行人使用。
Two boys are riding bicycles on the pavement. (两个男孩在人行
道上骑自行车。)
There was a wallet on the pavement. (人行道上有只钱包。)
7 highway指来往车辆多的公路,为交通干线,也称高速公路。
A highway bridge is being built over the river. (那条河上正在修
筑一座公路桥。)
There was a terrible accident on Highway 26. (26号公路上发生了
一起严重的车祸。)
subject; topic
【词义辨析】
两者都有“话题,主题”的意思,但用法不同。
1 subject 的意思是“讨论、研究、写作或艺术创作等的主题或题
目”,也有“科目,课程的意思”。
Love and death is the subject of the poem. (爱与死是那首诗的主
题。)
I was the subject of their talk. (我是他们谈话的主题。)
How many subjects do you have this term? (这学期你们有多少课
程?)
2 topic 的意思是“谈话、讨论、演讲、文章或段落等的主题或题
目”。
8
学科网(北京)股份有限公司My topic today is the Chinese history. (我今天讲的主题是中国历
史。)
I realized that he was trying to avoid the topic. (我注意到,他在有
意识地逃避这个话题。)
surprise; surprised; surprising
【词义辨析】
三者都与“吃惊,惊奇”有关,但用法有所不同。
1 surprise 的意思是“惊奇,诧异”,既可用作动词,也可用作名
词。作名词用时常用在 to one's surprise(“令某人吃惊的是……”)和
in surprise(“惊讶”)这两个搭配中。
The sight of such an enormous crowd surprised us. (看到如此庞大
的人群我惊讶万分。)
I can't tell you how sorry I am for giving you such a surprise. (让你
这么受惊吓,我实在难以表达我的歉意。)
To our surprise, he didn't pass the examination. (令我们吃惊的
是,他考试没有通过。)
The man looked at his son in surprise. (那个人吃惊地看着他的儿
子。)
2 surprised的意思是“对……感到惊奇”,用作形容词,表示被动意
义,其后多接介词at,常用be surprised at sth.结构,主语一般指人。
I was surprised at his answer. (我对他的回答感到吃惊。)
A surprised look passed over her face. (她的脸上露出一副惊奇的
9
学科网(北京)股份有限公司神色。)
3 surprising 的意思是“令人惊奇的,让人感到惊奇的”,作表语
时,句子的主语一般指事情。
—Don't you think the news is surprising? (你不觉得这个消息令人
吃惊吗?)
—No, it's hard for me to believe. (不,我觉得难以置信。)
10
学科网(北京)股份有限公司