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话题 4 语言学习的规律、方法等
Ⅰ. 闪记核心单词
1.十亿 n.billion
2.出生地的；本地的；土著的 adj.本地人 n.native
3.态度；看法 n.attitude
4.指称关系；参考 n.reference
5.体系；制度；系统 n.system
6.即使；尽管 prep.despite
7.因素；要素 n.factor
8.骨头；骨(质) n.bone
9.壳；壳状物 n.shell
10.符号；象征 n.symbol
11.雕刻 vt.&vi.carve
12.王朝；朝代 n.dynasty
13.地方话；方言 n.dialect
14.方式；方法；途径 n.means
15.传统的；最优秀的；典型的 adj.经典作品；名著 n.classic
16.尊重；关注 n.把……视为；看待 vt.regard
17.文字；符号；角色；品质；特点 n.character
18.书法；书法艺术 n.calligraphy
19.公共事务；事件；关系 n.affair
20.欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vt.增值 vi.appreciate
21.特定的；明确的；具体的 adj.specific
22.斗争；奋斗；搏斗 n.&vi.struggle
23.舌头；语言 n.tongue24.学期 n.semester
25.汽油(NAmE gas) n.petrol
26.地铁(BrE underground) n.subway
27.公寓套房 n.apartment
28.内裤；短裤；裤子 n.[pl.]pants
29.恳求；祈求；哀求 vt.beg
30.间隔；开口；差距 n.gap
31.词汇 n.vocabulary
32.描写(文字)；形容 n.description
33.联系；讲述 vt.relate
34.以……为据点；以……为基础 vt.底部；根据 n.base→以(某事)为基础的；
以……为重要部分(或特征)的 adj.based→基本的；基础的 adj.basic→根本上；
基本上 adv.basically→基础；根据 n.basis
35. 符 号 ； 象 征 n.symbol→ 象 征 性 的 adj.symbolic→ 象 征 ， 代 表
vt.symbolise/symbolize
36.(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化 n.variety→(使)变化 vt.& vi.vary→多
种多样的 adj.various
37.主要的；重要的；大的 adj.主修课程；主修学生 n.主修；专门研究
vi.major→大多数 n.majority→较少的，次要的 adj.minor →少数；少数民族
n.minority
38.全球的；全世界的 adj.global→球体 n.globe→全球地，在全世界
adv.globally
39.同等的人；相等物 n.相同的；同样的 adj.equal→同样地，平等地adv.equally→平等 n.equality
40. 要 求 ； 需 求 n. 强 烈 要 求 ； 需 要 vt. 查 问 vi.demand → 要 求 高 的
adj.demanding
41.联系；讲述 vt.relate→有关系的；有关联的 adj.related →相当地，相对地
adv.relatively→(人、团体、国家之间的)关系，交往；(事物之间的)关联；亲戚
n.relation →关系，联系 n.relationship
Ⅱ.速记重点短语
1.原产于 be native to
2.浮沉；兴衰；荣辱 ups and downs
3.追溯到 date back (to...)
4.把……分为 divide...into
5.从……到……不等 vary from...to...
6.主修意大利语 major in Italian
7.非常有价值 be of great value/importance/use/help
8.不论……；不管…… no matter where, who, what, etc.
9.一种交流方式 a means of communication
10.通过这种方法 by this means
11.用……方法，借助于 by means of
12.和……有联系 be connected with
13.在古代/在现代 in ancient times/modern times
14.钦佩某人 have great regard for sb/have a good opinion of sb/hold sb in high
regard
15.代某人向某人问好 give one’s regards to sb
16.挣扎着站起来 struggle to one’s feet
17.等于/胜任做某事 be equal to(doing) sth
18.满足某人的需求 meet/satisfy one’s demands
19.迫切需求 in great demand20.难以形容，难以描述 beyond description
21.向某人讲述某事 relate sth to sb
22.与……相关；涉及；谈到 relate to
Ⅲ. 快记经典句式
1.There are many reasons why this has been possible, but one of the main factors has
been the Chinese writing system.(why引导定语从句)
这之所以成为可能有很多原因，其中一个主要因素是汉字的书写体系。
2.It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu—animal bones and shells
on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.[date back (to)；“介词＋
关系代词”引导定语从句]
它可以追溯到数千年前使用龙骨的时期——古代中国人在这些骨头和壳上面刻
画简单的符号。
3.Over the years，the system developed into different forms，as it was a time when
people were divided geographically ， leading to many varieties of dialects and
characters.(It was a time when...)
多年来，这一体系发展成了不同的形式，这是因为当时人们按地域划分，从而
导致多种方言和汉字的形成。
4.Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where
the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.(关系副词 where引导
定语从句)
秦始皇统一七个诸侯国后，在这个统一的国家里，汉字书写体系开始朝着一个
方向发展。
5.That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and
culture.(be of＋抽象名词)那一书写体系对于团结中国人民和中国文化具有重要意义。
6.Even today，no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they
can all still communicate in writing.(“no matter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句)
即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文
字)进行交流。
7.Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China’s present is
connected with its past.(“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句)
汉字也成为连接中国现在与过去的一个重要媒介。
8.It was exercise for the brain; the more I learnt of a language，the more my brain
would grow.(the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...)
这对大脑来说是一种锻炼；我对一门语言学得越多，我的大脑就越发达。
9.I used to get high marks in English，but now I’m having a lot of trouble with my
listening.(have trouble with...)
过去我英语成绩很好，但现在我在听力方面有很多困难。
10.Listening to English radio programmes helps me get used to how fast native
speakers talk.(介词后接宾语从句)
收听英语广播节目帮助我习惯母语人士说话的语速。
11.And I realised what makes a good teacher. A good teacher is someone who is in
love with what she or he is teaching.(宾语从句；定语从句)
我认识到成为一位好老师需要什么素质。一个好老师就是深爱她或他所教学科
的人。
Ⅳ.话题语篇填空
The Chinese writing system is one of the main factors that make 1.it possible for
Chinese to have impressive 2.civilization(civilize). 3.Dating(date) back to thousands
of years ago, symbols 4.were carved(carve) on animal bones and shells. 5.By theShang Dynasty，these symbols had become a well－developed writing system.Over
the years, it formed many 6.varieties(variety) of dialects and characters. It was after
Emperor Qinshihuang united the whole country 7.that it began to develop in one
direction. Not only was it said 8.of great importance in uniting the Chinese people
and culture but 9.written(write) Chinese has also become a means by 10.which
China’s present is connected with its past. The Chinese writing system is still an
important part of Chinese culture today.
