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话题 20 重大政治、历史事件与文化渊源
Ⅰ.闪记核心单词
1.孔子 Confucius
2.哲学 n.philosophy
3.单独的；个别的 adj.个人 n.individual
4.足跟；(脚、袜子、鞋等的)后跟 n.heel
5.(喻)(希腊神话)阿喀琉斯的脚跟，致命的弱点 Achilles ’ heel
6.王国；领域 n.kingdom
7.最重要的；最高级别的 adj.(公司或机构的)首领；酋长 n.chief
8.附近的；邻近的adj.在附近 adv.nearby
9.通货；货币 n.currency
10.军事的；军用的 adj.military
11.成就；成绩；达到 n.achievement
12.占领；征服；控制 vt.conquer
13.战役；搏斗 n.搏斗；奋斗 vi.&vt.battle
14.港口(城市) n.port
15.收费；指控；主管 n.收费；控告；充电 vt.charge
16.金额；数量 n.amount
17.(艺术作品的)展览馆；画廊 n.gallery
18.方法；途径；接近 n.接近；接洽；着手处理 vt.靠近 vi.approach
19.保证；确保；担保 vt.ensure
20.(陆上，尤指乡村的)风景 n.landscape21.黄油；奶油 n.涂黄油于 vt.butter
22.蜂蜜 n.honey
23.祖宗；祖先 n.ancestor
24.位置；姿态；职位 n.安装；安置 vt.position
25.庭院；院子 n.courtyard
26.点心；小吃 n.snack
27.(英国、爱尔兰的)郡；(美国的)县 n.county
28.盛宴；宴会；节日 n.feast
29.(使)翻滚；(使)滚动 vi.&vt. 卷(轴)；翻滚 n.roll
30.点；小(圆)点 n.加点；遍布 vt.dot
31.牛 n.cattle
32.吼叫；咆哮 vi.&n.roar
33.大海；海洋 n.ocean
34.酒吧；酒馆 n.pub
35.葡萄酒；果酒 n.wine
36.(一杯)啤酒 n.beer
37.谜；智力游戏；疑问 n.迷惑；使困惑 vt.puzzle→令人困惑的 adj.puzzling→
感到困惑的 adj.puzzled
38. 应 在 ( 某 处 ) ； 适 应 vi.belong→ 归 属 [U]n.belonging→ 所 有 物 ， 财 产
[pl.]n.belongings
39.防御；保卫 n.defence→防御；保卫 v.defend→防御的；保护的 adj.defensive
40.法律的；合法的 adj.legal→不合法的 adj.illegal→法律上地 adv.legally
41. 围 绕 ； 包 围 vt.surround→ 周 围 的 ； 附 近 的 adj.surrounding→ 环 境n.surroundings
42.证据；证明 n.evidence→明显的 adj.evident
43.地方；地点；位置 n.location→确定……的准确地点；找出……的位置
vt.locate→坐落于；位于 adj.located
44.极有吸引力的；迷人的 adj.fascinating→使……入迷，迷住 vt.fascinate→着
迷的adj.fascinated
45.宣布；通知；声称 vt.announce→宣布；通知 n.announcement→广播员；解
说员 n.announcer
46.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的 adj.generous→慷慨；大方 n.generosity
47.热切的；渴望的 adj.eager→热心地；急切地 adv.eagerly→热切；渴望
n.eagerness
48.诗人n.poet→诗歌 n.poem→诗歌(总称) n.poetry
49.问候；迎接 vt.greet→问候；致意 n.greeting
50.风俗；习俗；习惯 n.custom→顾客 n.customer→海关 n.customs
51.引人注目的；显著的 adj.striking→打击；攻击；打动 vt. strike(struck ，
struck/stricken)→受煎熬的，遭受挫折的 adj.stricken→罢工 n.strike
52.人群；一群人；民众 n.挤满；使……拥挤 vt.crowd→拥挤的 adj.crowded
Ⅱ.速记重点短语
1.对……迷惑不解 be puzzled by/about
2.把……和……连接或联结起来 join...to...
3.把……添加到……中 add...to...
4.脱离；背叛；逃脱 break away (from sb/sth)
5.造成，导致 result in
6.被称为英国或大不列颠 be referred to as Britain or Great Britain
7.谈到；查阅；指的是 refer to8.属于 belong to
9.同(一样也)；和；还 as well as
10.接收；接管 take over
11.把……抛在后面；留下；遗留 leave sth behind
12.追溯到罗马时代 date back to Roman times
13.无数的历史遗迹 countless historic sites
14.留心；留意 keep one’s eyes open (for)
15.处理；对付；照顾；关怀 attend to
16.对……有极大影响 have a great influence on
17.视觉盛宴 a feast for the eyes
18.牛羊点缀其中 be dotted with sheep and cattle
19.组成了海岸的音乐 make up the music of the coast
20.使……变为废墟 leave...in ruins
21.包括，包含 consist of/be composed of/ be made up of
22.近在咫尺，离……非常近 a stone’s throw away from...
Ⅲ.快记经典句式
1.The United Kingdom ， Great Britain ， Britain ， England—many people are
confused by what these different names mean.(what引导宾语从句)
联合王国、大不列颠、英国、英格兰——很多人对这些不同名称的含义感到困
惑。
2.So what is the difference between them，if any？(if条件状语从句的省略形式)
如果有的话，那么它们之间的区别是什么呢？
3.Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.(动
名词短语做主语)
稍微了解一下英国历史就可以帮助你解开这个谜团。
4.Finally，in the 20th century，the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK,which resulted in the full name we have today...(which引导非限制性定语从句)
最后，在二十世纪爱尔兰南部脱离联合王国，形成了今天我们所看到的全
称……
5.They use the same flag，known as the Union Jack，as well as share the same
currency and military defence.(过去分词短语作后置定语)
像拥有同样的货币和国防一样，他们也使用同一面国旗。
6.Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four
different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history.
(everywhere作连词，引导状语从句)
几乎无论你身处英国的何处，都能够感受到四个不同民族在不同历史时期的执
政影响。
7.They had castles built all around England，and made changes to the legal system.
(have sth done)
他们在英格兰各地建造城堡，并对法律体系进行改革。
8.The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that has a
history dating all the way back to Roman times.(现在分词短语作定语)
以首都伦敦为第一站是个不错的选择，因为伦敦是一个古老的港口城市，有着
一直追溯到罗马时代的历史。
9.The peaceful landscape of the“Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true
feast for the eyes，with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.(with复合
结构)
“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点
缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。
10.With all this beauty ， it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strongtraditions that include music，dancing，and dining.(It is＋adj.＋that...)
乡村景色如此优美，在爱尔兰形成这些浓厚的传统包括音乐、舞蹈以及餐饮就
一点也不让人觉得奇怪了。
Ⅳ.话题语篇填空
Ireland’s beautiful countryside has always had 1.a unique influence on its people and
traditions. The country has a long history of producing great writers and poets. Its
beautiful countryside 2.excites (excite) and inspires all, 3.offering (offer) something
for each of the senses. The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many
green 4.counties (county) is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills
5.dotted (dot) with sheep and cattle. And down by the sea, the roar of the ocean waves
and cries of the seabirds make up the music of the coast. 6.On a quiet morning in the
mountains, feel the sun on your skin, and 7.breathe (breath) in the sweet scent of fresh
flowers 8.while birds greet the new day with their morning song. With all this beauty,
it is not surprising that Ireland 9.has developed (develop) strong traditions that include
music, dancing, and dining.10.To have (have) a chance of experiencing this, stop by a
village pub and relax with a glass of wine or a local beer.
