初中英语人教版9年级必备语法知识汇总

五、九年级上册（2026版，8个单元）

Unit 1 The Changing World——used to与现在完成时

①used to+动词原形：表示“过去常常做某事（现在不做了）”（I used to be afraid of the dark.）；否定式usedn’t to/didn’t use to；疑问Did...use to...?

②现在完成时与一般过去时区别：一般过去时只说明过去发生的事，与现在无关；现在完成时强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响或与现在的联系（I have seen the film.——看过，了解内容；I saw the film yesterday.——只陈述过去动作）。

Unit 2 Inspiring People——定语从句（指人）与it作形式主语

①who/that引导的定语从句：先行词指人时用who或that，在从句中作主语（不可省略，谓语与先行词一致）或宾语（可省略）。如The scientist who/that discovered the cure is famous.

②it作形式主语：It’s+adj.+that从句或It’s+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.——it是形式主语，真正的主语是that从句或不定式（It’s amazing that he finished the work. / It’s difficult for him to do that kind of work.）。

Unit 3 Smart Learning——宾语从句（that/if/whether）

①that引导：从句为陈述句时用that，that不作成分、可省略（I think (that) you should get some rest.）。

②if/whether引导：从句为一般疑问句时用if/whether表示“是否”（She asked me if I could help her.）。whether可与or not连用、可用于句首和介词后。

③常考考点：从句用陈述语序；主句为think/believe等时否定前移（I don’t think he is right.）；主句为过去时，从句用相应的过去时（客观真理除外：He said the earth moves around the sun.）。

Unit 4 Our Memory——疑问词引导的宾语从句

连接代词what/who/which/whose与连接副词when/where/why/how引导宾语从句：在从句中分别充当主语、宾语、定语或状语，从句必须用陈述语序。如Can you tell me where the nearest bank is? I wonder why he was late again.

Unit 5 Power of Ideas——被动语态

①一般现在时被动：am/is/are+过去分词（The high-speed train is invented in China.——注意此处为一般现在时表客观事实）。

②一般过去时被动：was/were+过去分词（The telephone was invented by Alexander Bell.）。

③情态动词被动：情态动词+be+过去分词（The work must be finished today.）。

易错点：感官动词在被动语态中还原to（He was seen to enter the room.）。

Unit 6 Beyond Earth——一般将来时的被动语态

will+be+过去分词（或be going to be done）：表示将来被动的动作。如A new spaceship will be launched next year. The problem will be solved soon. 注意与主动语态结构will+动词原形的区分。

Unit 7 Feel the Rhythm——定语从句（指物）

①that/which指物：先行词是物时用that或which，在从句中作主语或宾语（作宾语时可省略）——I love traditional music that tells a story. The song (that/which) I like is terrific.

②只能用that的情况：先行词为all, everything, nothing等不定代词；被the only, the very, the last等修饰；被最高级或序数词修饰。

③只能用which的情况：非限制性定语从句（He gave me a book, which I like.）；which还可指代整个句子。

Unit 8 More than a Game——主谓一致

①就近原则：either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but also...连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最近的主语一致（Either you or he is to blame. Not only Tom but also his parents are coming.）。

②意义一致：集合名词强调整体用单数、强调成员用复数（My family is big. / My family are watching TV.）；时间、金钱、距离作整体用单数（Ten dollars is enough.）；以-s结尾的学科名词用单数（Physics is difficult.）；the+形容词表一类人用复数（The rich are not always happy.）。

③不定代词作主语：everyone, everything, each, either, neither, nothing等作主语，谓语用单数；both, few, many用复数。

六、九年级下册（2027版，5个单元＋2个戏剧）

说明：九年级下册为中考复习整合册，共5个正式单元（另含2个戏剧），各单元以初中语法综合复习与中考衔接为主，兼有主题化语言实践。

复习提示：九年级下册建议以“时态体系—语态体系—从句体系—非谓语动词—主谓一致”五条主线开展系统复习，将七至九年级各单元语法点串成完整知识网络，配合中考真题进行专项突破。

附录：初中三年核心语法体系一览