文档内容
第 2 讲 夹叙夹议文
常用以下方法来解此类型试题：
解题要领 内容解读
借助文章结构，即事例→观点，观点→事例，观点→
事例→观点，体会记叙和议论的关系，抓住作者的观
分析结构，抓住作者的观点
点，明确文章的组织方式。看文章属于上述哪种结
构，从而明白作者的写作思路。
首句往往是文章的关键句、引题句或主题句。通过首
重视首句，把握文章主题 句可以初步判断文章的写作中心，为全面理解文章打
开一扇“窗户”。
夹叙夹议文中叙与议是一个有机的整体，叙是议的基
础，而议是叙的升华。在读这类文章时，掌握议论部
叙议兼顾，理解议论内涵 分的内容是关键，因为叙述是为作者的议论而服务
的。所以只有把故事和哲理联系起来，再结合对人物
心理和行为的描述，全面把握文章才能正确解题。
抓住记叙与议论的转换，及时调整思维方式，理清上
下文之间的逻辑关系，在充分把握语境的基础上，辨
抓住转换，理清逻辑关系
析词语，进一步把握作者的观点、态度，找到正确答
案。(2020·天津3月改编)
For the past ten years，my dad and I have attended the same school—he as an administrator
and I as a student.Our relationship，in and out of school，has been totally unpredictable.
When I was younger，all that my dad said was doctrine(信条) and anything he did I， 1
，copied.As I grew older，we were not as 2 as we used to be.He wasn’t cool anymore.He
listened to 3 country music and laughed too loudly in front of my friends.He became a total
embarrassment.
However，the 4 that occurred in school were even worse.This 5 continued into
high school，but we somehow began to find a balance.Things started to 6 around the time of
my 10th-grade physics project.The 7 was to build a wood bridge with the best strength-to-
weight ratio(比率)．All the students and physics teachers 8 .So did my dad，the only
administrator! Embarrassed，as usual，I 9 the scene. 10 ，later when I learned from my
friends that my dad defeated all competitors and won everyone’s admiration，I found that mixed
in with my 11 was a touch of pride.
I had needed someone else to show me what I 12 in my dad.It wasn’t the fact that
he’d won；it was more than that.I began to 13 many of the same values and sometimes the
same opinions that we have.
I feel 14 to have such an unusual father.The 15 I have developed with my dad over
the years has enabled me to look back and see how I’ve grown.
1．A.temporarily B．naturally
C．originally D．passively
答案 B
解析 temporarily暂时地；naturally自然地；originally起初；passively被动地。根据“all
that my dad said was doctrine(信条)”可知，既然父亲说的都是信条，那作者自然地只有照做
的份。
2．A.close B．reliable
C．generous D．confident
答案 A
解析 close亲密的；reliable可靠的，值得信赖的；generous大方的；confident自信的。下
一句“He wasn’t cool anymore.”表明作者和父亲没有那么亲密无间了。
3．A.creative B．familiar
C．horrible D．live
答案 C解析 creative 创造性的；familiar 熟悉的；horrible 极讨厌的；live 鲜活的。根据“He
became a total embarrassment.”可知，作者认为父亲听的乡村音乐令人生厌。
4．A.failures B．coincidences
C．competitions D．disasters
答案 D
解析 failure失败；coincidence巧合；competition竞赛；disaster灾难。根据“even worse”
可知，在学校里发生的是灾难。
5．A.debate B．party
C．progress D．struggle
答案 D
解析 debate争论；party党派；progress进步；struggle斗争，挣扎。作者多年来的经历告
诉我们作者内心是纠结的，挣扎于与父亲的关系上。
6．A.happen B．change
C．grow D．disappear
答案 B
解析 happen发生；change改变；grow生长；disappear消失。根据下文“I found that mixed
in with my was a touch of pride”可知，事情开始在作者十年级物理课项目上发生
了变化。
7．A.issue B．task
C．lesson D．procedure
答案 B
解析 issue问题；task任务；lesson教训；procedure程序，步骤。根据下文“to build a
wood bridge”可知，建造木桥是此次项目的任务。
8．A.participated B．protested
C．hesitated D．explored
答案 A
解析 participate 参加；protest 抗议；hesitate 犹豫；explore 探索。根据下文“my dad
defeated all competitors”可知，所有的同学和物理老师都参与进来了。
9．A.fled B．investigated
C．pictured D．made
答案 A
解析 flee逃离；investigate调查；picture想象；make制造。根据上文“Embarrassed，as
usual”可知，像往常一样作者感到尴尬，所以逃离了现场。
10．A.Instead B．Otherwise
C．Therefore D．However答案 D
解析 instead相反，取而代之；otherwise要不然的话；therefore因此；however然而。根据
下文“a touch of pride”可知，这与之前作者认为父亲的行为让作者尴尬的态度形成一个意
义上的转折。
11．A.confusion B．encouragement
C．embarrassment D．fascination
答案 C
解析 confusion困惑；encouragement鼓励；embarrassment尴尬；fascination魅力。根据上
文“He became a total embarrassment.”可知，作者发现自己的尴尬中混合了一丝自豪。
12．A.recommended B．tolerated
C．doubted D．appreciated
答案 D
解析 recommend推荐；tolerate忍受，忍耐；doubt怀疑；appreciate欣赏，感激。上句说有
一丝的自豪感，自然对父亲有一丝欣赏的感觉。
13．A.be aware of B．call for
C．argue for D．bring about
答案 A
解析 be aware of知道，意识到；call for要求，需要；argue for为……辩论；bring about导
致。根据“many of the same values and sometimes the same opinions”可知，作者开始意识到
和父亲有很多相同的价值观，而且有时候有很多相同的观点。
14．A.puzzled B．fortunate
C．concerned D．awkward
答案 B
解析 puzzled困惑的；fortunate幸运的；concerned关心的，担忧的；awkward尴尬的，令
人难堪的。根据“such an unusual father”可知，有这样不同寻常的父亲当然是幸运的。
15．A.strategy B．habit
C．relationship D．potential
答案 C
解析 strategy方法，策略；habit习惯；relationship关系；potential潜力。根据文章开头
“Our relationship，in and out of school，has been totally unpredictable.”可知，此处是原词复
现，指作者多年以来和父亲的关系的演变。
文本整体感知
中心思想 作者与父亲的关系的演变见证了作者的成长。
叙述角度 第一人称语篇结构 事例→观点
my dad；I；younger；grew older；high school；10th-grade physics
写作要素
project；a touch of pride；an unusual father
写作目的 体现了“人与自我——积极的生活态度”的主题
技法四 析逻辑，索答案
语篇是由一些意义相关的句子根据一定的逻辑关系组织起来的语义整体。逻辑关系隐藏
在句子中、句与句之间以及段落的衔接中，体现作者的写作思路和篇章意义，是贯穿整篇文
章的主线。完形填空中的任何一道题该选哪个选项，在文中必有依据。因此，解答完形填空
最基本的方法就是根据空格前后所提供的信息或上下文之间的逻辑关系，由已知部分推断出
未知部分，做出符合逻辑的判断。本文第10题可根据对立关系解题。
下面是完形填空中主要考查的七大逻辑关系：
(1)对立关系
对立关系包括让步、对比和转折关系，常见的标志词和短语有：but，however，yet(然
而，但是)，on the contrary(相反)，by contrast(相比之下)，unfortunately，although，even
though，while(虽然；然而)，nevertheless(然而，不过)，whereas(然而)，in spite of(尽管)，
regardless of(不管，不顾)，anyhow，after all(毕竟)，instead of(而不是)，rather than(而不是)，
not...but...，otherwise(否则)，or else，to the opposite(对立面)，compared with等。
真题体验1 (2022·全国乙)
For a long time，this ineffective hiding method was 44.interpreted as evidence that children
are hopelessly “egocentric”(自我中心的) creatures.But our 45.surprising research results in
child developmental psychology 46 that idea.
46．A.explained B．confirmed
C．contradicted D．tested
答案 C
解析 explain解释；confirm证实；contradict相矛盾；test测试。根据前面的转折词But可
知，研究结果与之前的观点相矛盾。
真题体验2 (2017·江苏)
...He swore to himself to 39.avoid music，as he hated getting to school extra early.
40 ，one day，in the music class that was 41.part of his school’s standard curriculum，he
was playing idly(随意地) on the piano and found it 42.easy to pick out tunes.
40．A.Therefore B．However
C．Thus D．Moreover
答案 B
解析 本空应用过渡词，后文提到他在随意地弹钢琴(playing idly on the piano)，由此可知他
开始接触乐器了，与上文构成语意上的转折关系，因此选 however“可是”。therefore和thus表示因果关系；moreover表示递进关系。
(2)并列和递进关系
并列和递进关系常用的标志词和短语有：and，even，or，neither...nor...，not only...but
(also)．..，similarly等。
真题体验3 (2019·北京)
The students who he’s 15.driven have gone on to become physicians，teachers and
engineers，but what they’ve also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a
friend in Wilson.Some students 16 call him “Grandpa”．
16．A.even B．ever
C．once D．already
答案 A
解析 根据语境，此处表示这些大学生视威尔逊为楷模和朋友，甚至(even)亲切地叫他“爷
爷”。
真题体验4 (2022·全国甲)
A year later，much to my 58.delight，this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed
to me.He did not kneel(跪) down，nor did I 59 him to.That’s only for giving 60.water to
the dogs that brought us together.
59．A.beg B．trust
C．need D．aid
答案 C
解析 beg乞求；trust信任；need需要；aid帮助。由下文“That’s only for giving 60.water
to the dogs”可知，之前史蒂夫给作者的爱犬喂水这一举动就足以拉近他们两人的关系，因
此作者也不需要他下跪。此处nor表示递进关系，意为“也不”。
(3)目的和因果关系
目的和因果关系常用的标志词和短语有：because，for，since，as(因为)，thus(因此)，
hence(因此)，therefore，so，so...that，such...that，in order that，in case，consequently(因此)，
accordingly，due to，thanks to，on account of(由于，因为)，because of，seeing that(由于，因
为)，in that(因为)，now that，as a result，for this reason等。
真题体验5 (2021·浙江)
My mother was so 51.touched by her gesture that she decided to go back to the store and give
the cashier(收银员) a five-dollar bill to keep on hand 52 the same happened to someone else
if they didn’t have enough 53.money for all of their groceries.
52．A.in case B．even if
C．as though D．so that
答案 A解析 in case以防万一；even if即使；as though好像；so that以便。根据语境可知，受到陌
生女士的启发，作者的母亲决定在收银台放5美元，以防别人也遇到类似的情况。
(4)条件关系
条件关系常用的标志词和短语有：if，unless，whether，supposing，on condition that，
provided that，depending on等。
经典体验6
As you mark off another “Earth Day” in your calendars，content that for at least 24 hours
I remained in your thoughts，I wanted to remind you that I am sick.I’m frightened that 1 I
can’t soon receive the appropriate medicine and care I need，my illness will become terminal
beyond all cures.
1．A.when B．though
C．if D．unless
答案 C
解析 句意：我担心如果我不能很快地得到我所需要的适当的药物和护理，我的病就会变成
不治之症。if引导条件状语从句。
(5)时间关系
时间关系常用的标志词和短语有：before，since，as(随着)，until，meanwhile，at the
moment，when，whenever，as soon as等。
真题体验7 (2020·江苏)
For him，it was one thing to 49.accept his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow
something to continue 50 it could be fixed so easily.This moved him to action.
50．A.until B．when
C．unless D．before
答案 B
解析 根据下文“This moved him to action.”可知，对他来说在可以如此容易解决的情况下，
让事情继续下去完全是另一回事。when“当……的时候”，符合此处语境。
(6)层次和顺序关系
层次和顺序关系常用的标志词和短语有：besides，finally，first，firstly，further，
eventually，in the first place，last，next，second，secondly，third，thirdly，to begin with，to
start with，on the one hand...on the other (hand)．..等。
真题体验8 (2018·江苏)
49 ，the couple found that their bodies turned for the better，with re-found strong
muscles that they thought had 50.lost forever.
49．A.Initially B．Eventually
C．Temporarily D．Consequently答案 B
解析 最后(eventually)，夫妻俩发现他们的身体都有所好转。initially最初；temporarily临时
地；consequently因此，所以。
(7)例证关系
例证关系常用的标志词和短语有：all in all，altogether，in brief，in sum，in
conclusion，in short，in summary，on the whole，to sum up，to summarize，as a proof，as an
example，for example，for instance，to name but a few，in particular，just as，namely，such
as，that is，as to，say等。
经典体验9
“I hope this method would be put into practice in the near future， 1 in the next 10
years，” he says.
1．A.imagine B．say
C．suppose D．consider
答案 B
解析 say在此处用作举例，意为“譬如，比方说”。
技法五 据搭配，知答案
完形填空中，有时会涉及短语，以动词短语为主，偶见介词短语等。解题时，可以通过
仔细观察和回忆所学知识，进行有效推断，选择正确答案。本文第13题便是依据搭配确定
答案的。
真题体验 (2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)
I was 43.worried that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek(小溪)．I tied a rope
around his waist to keep him near to our spot.That lasted about ten minutes.He was 44.
uncomfortable，and his crying let the whole campground know it.So 45 tying him up，I just
kept a close eye on him.It 46.worked—he didn’t end up in the creek.My three-year-old，
however，did.
Another time，we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake.The sky was clear when we 47 ，but
storms move in fast in the mountains，and this one quickly 48. interrupted our peaceful morning
trip.
45．A.due to B．instead of
C．apart from D．as for
答案 B
解析 due to由于；instead of代替，而不是；apart from除了；as for至于。根据上文“He
was 44.uncomfortable，and his crying let the whole campground know it.”以及下文“I just kept
a close eye on him”可推知，此处指孩子被绑上绳子后感觉不舒服，所以作者放弃在他身上
绑绳子，而是密切关注着他。
47．A.signed up B．calmed downC．checked out D．headed off
答案 D
解析 sign up注册，报名；calm down冷静下来；check out退房；head off启程，出发。根
据上文“The sky was clear”以及下文“but storms move in fast in the mountains”可推知，此
处指天气突然变化，出发时天气还很晴朗。
技法六 重平行，觅逻辑
文章中的意群总是通过一定的逻辑关系连在一起，特别是并列平行的结构。这些结构要
么通过标点符号体现，要么通过并列连词连接。一般来说，这些平行结构所表达的语境是一
致的，考生解题时要特别注意这一点。
真题体验 (2020·全国Ⅰ)
One day they’ll 47 and discover that everything they’ve always known about
windows is a 48.lie.
47．A.win out B．give up
C．wake up D．stand out
答案 C
解析 根据空格后的discover可知，此处表示总有一天孩子们会醒悟过来(wake up)。设空处
和discover是and连接的两个并列谓语。win out终于成功；give up放弃；stand out突出，显
眼。
(2022·广东茂名二模)
It’s often the simple things in life that make the most significant impact on us.It was late one
afternoon in mid-September.My three-month-old son was napping in his 1 .As I wandered
through our living room，I happened to 2 my balcony window.Puddles(水坑) had 3 on
the ground and the rain had slowed.
Down below 4 a boy of about four.Filled with a mixture of fascination and happiness，
he stomped (踩) through the puddle，mud and 5 flying.He walked，stomped，splashed
through that puddle 6 ，happily enjoying what mother nature had left for him.
Not more than ten feet away stood his mother.She didn’t scold him. 7 ，she watched
with a pleasant smile on her face and stood 8 .As for me，it was a(n) 9 moment that
changed the way I will forever view my role as a mother.
The little boy probably will 10 each afternoon that his mother takes him outside，as he
11 .He may not remember each little thing that happens each time his mother lets him 12 his
world.But he will remember that his mother 13 him and he will know that she helps him to
learn and grow in a pleasant and fun environment.
Maybe we can all learn from the innocence of 14 that views a rainstorm not assomething to run through or to avoid，but something meant to explore，to 15 and to love.
语篇解读 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在雨天见到一个小男孩在踩水坑，而他妈妈在旁边安
静地看着他探索自己的世界。从中作者获得了生活感悟。
1．A.desk B．bed
C．toy D．chair
答案 B
解析 desk桌子；bed床；toy玩具；chair椅子。根据napping可知，bed符合语境，意为
“在床上睡觉”。
2．A.jump at B．turn around
C．look out of D．stare at
答案 C
解析 jump at急于接受；turn around转身；look out of向外看； stare at凝视。根据上文
“As I wandered through our living room”和下文“my balcony window”可知，作者漫步于客
厅时偶然向窗外望。
3．A.formed B．left
C．saved D．collected
答案 A
解析 form形成；leave离开；save节省；collect收集。根据下文“the rain had slowed”可
知，因为下雨了，所以在地面上形成了水坑。
4．A.waved B．trembled
C．stood D．slid
答案 C
解析 wave挥手；tremble颤抖；stand站着；slide滑行。根据下文“he stomped(踩) through
the puddle”可知，小男孩是站着。
5．A.birds B．cars
C．ash D．water
答案 D
解析 bird 鸟；car 汽车；ash 灰烬；water 水。根据前文“he stomped(踩) through the
puddle”可知，这里应为泥和水在飞溅。
6．A.by and by B．up and down
C．now and then D．over and over
答案 D
解析 by and by不久；up and down上上下下；now and then时而；over and over反反复复。
根据下文“happily enjoying what mother nature had left for him”可知，小男孩沉浸在踩水坑的欢乐里，所以此处指小男孩反反复复地在水坑里玩耍。
7．A.Instead B．However
C．Therefore D．Also
答案 A
解析 instead相反；however然而；therefore因此；also而且。根据前文“She didn’t scold
him.”和后文“watched with a pleasant smile on her face”可知，小男孩的妈妈没有责骂他，
而是微笑地看着他。
8．A.still B．hesitantly
C．anxiously D．close
答案 A
解析 still 静止的；hesitantly 犹豫地；anxiously 焦急地；close 紧挨着。根据前文“she
watched with a pleasant smile on her face”可知，小男孩的妈妈在不远处站着不动，只是微笑
着看他。
9．A.embarrassing B．confusing
C．touching D．exhausting
答案 C
解析 embarrassing令人尴尬的；confusing令人困惑的；touching感人的；exhausting令人精
疲力竭的。根据下文“that changed the way I will forever view my role as a mother”可知，小
男孩的妈妈任由其在泥坑里玩耍的时刻令作者感动。
10．A.experience B．remember
C．forget D．recall
答案 C
解析 experience 经历；remember 记得；forget 忘记； recall 回忆。根据下文中的“not
remember”可知，此处意为“他可能会忘记”。
11．A.grows up B．loses heart
C．turns in D．cries out
答案 A
解析 grow up成长；lose heart灰心；turn in上床睡觉；cry out喊叫。根据下文“He may
not remember each little thing that happens each time”可知，此处指随着小男孩长大他可能会
记不得一些事情。
12．A.visit B．explore
C．find D．understand
答案 B
解析 visit参观；explore探索；find发现；understand理解。根据小男孩踩水坑可知，他的
妈妈让他探索自己的世界。13．A.loves B．helps
C．scolds D．kisses
答案 A
解析 love爱；help帮助；scold责骂；kiss亲吻。根据下文可知，此处指小男孩的妈妈爱他。
14．A.youth B．childhood
C．adolescence D．adulthood
答案 B
解析 youth青年；childhood童年；adolescence青春期；adulthood成年。根据文章的主人公
为“a little boy”及本句中的“innocence”可知，childhood符合语境。
15．A.enjoy B．share
C．stop D．await
答案 A
解析 enjoy享受；share分享；stop停止；await等待。根据本句中“not...but...”意为“不
是……而是……”可知，此处应与上文中的“to run through or to avoid”形成对比，enjoy与
explore和love并列，符合语境。
强化练(二十一) 夹叙夹议文
A
(2022·湖北十一校联考)
Lewis B．Smedes once said，“To forgive is to set a prisoner free and discover that the
prisoner was you.” For years Tom Anderson’s life was withered up(枯萎) by the memory of his
1 in an adventure that 2 the death of one of his classmates.He and his wife 3 after six
years of marriage.Then the news about Tom changed.His wife Betty came back; he 4 a fine
position.
One day he told me what had changed his life，“I used to think nothing could 5 what I
had done.The thought of my 6 would stop me in the middle of a smile.It put a 7
between my wife and me.Then I had an 8 visit from the person I dreaded(恐惧) most to see
—the mother of the college classmate who died.’Unless you forgive，you cannot love，’she
said.’And without love，life has no 9 .’ She paused，and then said 10 ，’You are
the one person who hasn’t forgiven Tom Anderson.’ I found there in her eyes 11 to be the
person I might have been if her boy had lived.For the first time in my life I felt 12 to love and
be loved.”
Forgiveness is truly the 13 grace (慈悲)，through which we gain the freedom to learn
from experience.But forgiving our shortcomings doesn’t mean 14 that they exist.On thecontrary，it means facing them 15 .
语篇解读 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主题是宽恕的力量，因为汤姆·安德森的缘故，导致
他的一位同学过世，多年来他一直饱受折磨，这位同学的母亲选择宽恕他，并指出他也应该
宽恕自己，过正常的生活。
1．A.reputation B．possession
C．part D．identity
答案 C
解析 reputation名声；possession个人财产；part参与；identity身份。由下文的“in an
adventure that the death of one of his classmates”可知，汤姆·安德森参加的一场冒险
导致了一位同学身亡，他的生活也因此事而黯然失色。
2．A.accounted for B．figured out
C．participated in D．depended on
答案 A
解析 account for导致；figure out弄清楚；participate in参加；depend on依靠。参考上题解
析。
3．A.registered B．separated
C．withdrew D．transformed
答案 B
解析 register注册；separate分离；withdraw撤退；transform转变。由下文的“His wife
Betty came back”可知，之后妻子回来了，说明妻子回来之前汤姆·安德森因同学身亡一事大
受打击，生活变得糟糕，和妻子分居了。
4．A.presented B．promoted
C．earned D．guaranteed
答案 C
解析 present呈现，赠送；promote提升；earn获得；guarantee保证。由上文的“Then the
news about Tom changed.His wife Betty came back”和下文的“a fine position”可知，汤姆·安
德森因同学身亡一事大受打击，生活变得糟糕，和妻子分居了，但之后他的人生变好了，妻
子回来了，他也获得了一份好工作。
5．A.reveal B．confirm
C．enhance D．undo
答案 D
解析 reveal揭示；confirm确认；enhance增强；undo解脱，消除。由上文可知，汤姆·安德
森因他参加的冒险导致同学身亡一事大受打击，生活变得糟糕，一直无法原谅自己，所以他
认为没有什么能使自己的所作所为得到解脱。6．A.drawback B．guilt
C．survival D．accusation
答案 B
解析 drawback缺点；guilt内疚；survival生存；accusation指控。由上下文可知，汤姆·安
德森一直无法原谅自己，说明他一直很内疚。
7．A.wall B．reminder
C．reserve D．label
答案 A
解析 wall墙；reminder提醒人的事物；reserve自然保护区；label标签。由上文“He and
his wife after six years of marriage”可知，汤姆·安德森因同学身亡一事大受打击，
和妻子分居了，是因为二人之间有一堵墙(暗指有隔阂、无法沟通)。
8．A.impossible B．unexpected
C．undoubted D．unbearable
答案 B
解析 impossible不可能的；unexpected出乎意料的；undoubted毫无疑问的；unbearable无
法忍受的。由下文可知，汤姆·安德森最害怕见到的人——去世的大学同学的母亲来拜访他，
这完全出乎他的意料。
9．A.concept B．standard
C．principle D．meaning
答案 D
解析 concept概念；standard标准；principle原则；meaning意义。由常识可知，如果没有
爱，生活就没有意义。
10．A.deliberately B．humbly
C．sincerely D．morally
答案 C
解析 deliberately故意地；humbly谦卑地；sincerely真诚地；morally道义上地。由上下文
可知，汤姆·安德森最害怕见到的人——死去的大学同学的母亲拜访了他，劝他要原谅自己，
用爱去生活，还真诚地说他是唯一一个没有原谅自己的人。
11．A.occupation B．passion
C．permission D．attempt
答案 C
解析 occupation职业；passion热情；permission允许；attempt尝试。由上文可知，过世同
学的母亲劝汤姆·安德森要原谅自己，放下心结，允许自己回到正常的样子。
12．A.worthy B．significant
C．valuable D．innocent答案 A
解析 worthy值得的；significant重要的；valuable有价值的；innocent无辜的。由上文的
“to be the person I might have been if her boy had lived”可知，因为过世同学的母亲劝汤姆·
安德森原谅自己、放下心结的话，他原谅了自己，有生以来第一次感到自己值得去爱和被爱。
13．A.forgetting B．saving
C．challenging D．demanding
答案 B
解析 forgetting忘记的；saving可取的；challenging有挑战性的；demanding要求高的。由
下文可知，宽恕帮助我们从经验中获得自由，可得出宽恕是真正的优点，the saving
grace“仅有的优点，唯一可取之处”。
14．A.denying B．assuming
C．clarifying D．opposing
答案 A
解析 deny否认；assume假定；clarify澄清；oppose反对。由常识可知，缺点一直客观存
在，所以原谅缺点并不意味着否认缺点的存在。
15．A.emotionally B．diligently
C．temporarily D．realistically
答案 D
解析 emotionally情感上地；diligently勤勉地；temporarily暂时地；realistically现实地。由
上文的“forgiving our shortcomings”可知，人们原谅缺点就是在现实中去正视缺点，侧面反
映“原谅缺点并不意味着否认缺点的存在”。
B
(2022·广东二模)
Joriden’s love with migrating (迁徙的) raptors (肉食鸟) started when he saw a group of
strangers scanning the sky with telescope on top of a hill in his village.His 1 drove him to find
out what they were doing.To his joy，the strangers 2 him to take a look.With just one quick
look，Joriden was 3 .“The sight is very 4 ，” says Joriden.“They take away my
stress.I 5 watching these mighty birds.”
Joriden used to hunt birds for fun or food.But the 6 with the birdwatchers shifted his
mind.Now，not only did he 7 his fellow youths or even older folk to 8 birds they’ve
caught，but he also 9 the community members to stop cutting trees in the mountains to 10
the roosts (栖息地) of the migratory birds.
Raptors are 11 indicators of the health of the environment.They sit on top of the food
chain，and thus their health depends on the health of the whole ecosystem they live in.Declines in
their population can indicate a 12 in the specific ecosystem that raptor species depend upon or
visit.Raptors，which are natural predators (食肉动物)，are also 13 to human food securityand livelihoods.If their population 14 ，the population of harmful insects and animals along
their migrating path will increase， 15 agricultural productivity.
语篇解读 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲的是乔瑞登在一次与观鸟者的邂逅后呼吁人们保
护肉食鸟，因为肉食鸟是环境健康的天然指示器，同时也影响人类粮食安全和生计。
1．A.joy B．curiosity
C．experience D．confidence
答案 B
解析 joy高兴；curiosity好奇心；experience经验；confidence自信。由上文可知，他看到
一群陌生人在他村子的山顶上用望远镜扫视天空，所以出于好奇心，他去了解他们在做什么。
2．A.reminded B．urged
C．allowed D．convinced
答案 C
解析 remind 提醒；urge 催促；allow 允许；convince 使信服。由后文的“With just one
quick look”可知，那些陌生人允许他看一眼。
3．A.attracted B．controlled
C．rewarded D．accepted
答案 A
解析 attract吸引；control控制；reward回报；accept接受。由后文的“They take away my
stress.”可知，乔瑞登觉得鸟带走了他的压力，所以是被吸引住了。
4．A.regular B．strange
C．distinguished D．impressive
答案 D
解析 regular有规律的；strange奇怪的；distinguished著名的；impressive令人印象深刻的。
由上文的“With just one quick look，Joriden was .”可知，他被吸引住了，所以那
个景象是令人印象深刻的。
5．A.imagined B．avoided
C．enjoyed D．risked
答案 C
解析 imagine想象；avoid避免；enjoy喜欢；risk冒风险。由上文的“They take away my
stress.”可知，他觉得那些鸟带走了他的压力，所以是喜欢看这些鸟。
6．A.encounter B．discussion
C．adventure D．training
答案 A
解析 encounter邂逅；discussion讨论；adventure冒险；training训练。根据第一段的“hesaw a group of strangers scanning the sky with telescope on top of a hill in his village”可知，他
和观鸟者的一次邂逅改变了他的想法。
7．A.wait for B．send for
C．rely on D．appeal to
答案 D
解析 wait for 等候；send for 召唤；rely on 依靠；appeal to 呼吁。由后文的“his fellow
youths or even older folk to birds they’ve caught”可知，他呼吁年轻人和老年人释放
捕获的鸟。
8．A.sell B．raise
C．scare D．release
答案 D
解析 sell卖；raise举起；scare使惊恐；release释放。参考上题解析。
9．A.warned B．persuaded
C．forced D．expected
答案 B
解析 warn警告；persuade说服；force强迫；expect期待。由后文可知，他是说服社区成
员停止砍伐山上的树木。
10．A.protect B．locate
C．clear D．hide
答案 A
解析 protect保护；locate定位；clear清理；hide躲藏。由前面的“to stop cutting trees in the
mountains”和后面的“the roosts(栖息地) of the migratory birds”可知，停止砍伐山上的树木
是为了保护候鸟的栖息地。
11．A.natural B．statistical
C．subjective D．faulty
答案 A
解析 natural天然的；statistical统计学的；subjective主观的；faulty有错误的。由后文的
“indicators of the health of the environment”可知，肉食鸟是环境健康的天然指示器。
12．A.probability B．problem
C．secret D．pattern
答案 B
解析 probability可能性；problem问题；secret秘密；pattern模式。由上文的“Declines in
their population”可知，它们数量的下降可能表明肉食鸟物种依赖或访问的特定生态系统出
现了问题。
13．A.familiar B．accessibleC．obvious D．beneficial
答案 D
解析 familiar熟悉的；accessible可使用的；obvious明显的；beneficial有益的。由后文可
知，肉食鸟对人类的粮食安全和生计是有益的。
14．A.doubles B．decreases
C．varies D．ages
答案 B
解析 double 加倍；decrease 减少；vary 变化；age 变老。由后文的“the population of
harmful insects and animals along their migrating path will increase”可知，肉食鸟可以吃害虫，
所以如果它们的数量减少，那么害虫的数量就会增加。
15．A.boosting B．maintaining
C．affecting D．measuring
答案 C
解析 boost使增长；maintain保持；affect影响；measure测量。由上文的“the population of
harmful insects and animals along their migrating path will increase”可知，如果肉食鸟的数量
减少，迁徙途中的害虫和有害动物的数量就会增加，影响农业生产力。
