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专题 13 状语从句(讲义)
目 录
考点 状语从句 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1页
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1页
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2页
【真题研析·规律探寻】-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2
页
考向1 考查状语从句的连词----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2
页
考向2 考查状语从句的省略--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2
页
【核心提炼·考向探究】---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3页
1．时间状语从句----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4
页
2． 条件状语从句---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4
页
3．让步状语从句-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4页
4．原因状语从句与方式状语从句-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4
页
5．地点状语从句------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5
页
6．目的状语从句与结果状语从句-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5
页
7. 状语从句的省略---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6
页
状语从句考点的解题关键-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7页
【题型特训·命题预测】-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7页
预测考向1 考查状语从句的连接词---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7
页
预测考向2 考查状语从句的省略------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8
页考点 状语从句
考情分析：分析2019-2023年新高考非状语从句考向分布。
考点
状语从句
题型
2020 试卷类型 从句 考点
语法填空
2020新课标III卷 as/ when 时间状语从句
2019 2019新课标III卷 so 结果状语从句
总结高考考点，探究状语从句的命题规律。
近年来，高考状语从句主要考查：状语从句的各种连接词；状语从句的省略；非谓语动词短语
与状语从句之间的转换。
考点要求 考题统计 考情分析
【命题规律】
状语从句连词 3年2考
根据新高考三年的考情分析，状语从句主要集中考查：状语
从句的各种连接词；状语从句的省略；3. 非谓语动词短语
状语从句的省略 3年0考
与状语从句之间的转换。
【命题预测】
状语从句与非谓语动词的转
3年0考 2024年高考还会集中考查状语从句的连接词；状语从句的省
换
略。考向1 考查状语从句的连词
1.(2020·全国卷 Ⅲ)__________he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the
legendary(传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.
2．(北京卷)If you don't understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people__________you
figure it out.
3．(2023·日照一中二模)I have been a monitor__________I came to our school, serving everyone keenly.
4．(2018·江苏卷)__________you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after
one or two nights.
5．(湖南卷)__________hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.
6．I really enjoy listening to music__________it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the
day.
7.(2018·江苏卷)Located__________the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road
construction.
8.(2018·天津卷)Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend__________that they get sweet enough to be eaten.
首先判断是否用连词，与定语从句要区别开来。连词连接的往往是两个完整的句子，其中一个用连词连
接，是状语从句。如果其中一个句子中缺少成分，那么就是定语从句，不能用引导状语从句的连词。
考向2 考查状语从句的省略1．(陕西卷)All the photographs in this book，__________stated, otherwise, date from the 1950s.
2．(全国卷Ⅰ)Film has a much shorter history, especially when__________(compare) to such art forms as music
and painting.
状语从句省略后，只剩下不定式(to do)短语、现在分词(doing)短语和过去分词(done)短语，表示“将要
做的事情”用不定式(to do)短语；表示“主动的动作”用现在分词(doing)短语；表示“被动且完成的动
作”用过去分词(done)短语。
3．(江苏卷)It sounds like something is wrong with the car's engine. If__________， we'd better take it to the
garage immediately.
状语从句考点的必备知识：
一、时间状语从句
1．when引导时间状语从句，意为“正在这时”，表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生时，突然发生另一
动作。
Tom was about to close the window when his attention was caught by a bird.
汤姆正要关窗户，这时他的注意力被一只鸟吸引住了。
【易错提醒】when还可表原因，意为“既然”。
How can I help them to understand when they won't listen to me?
既然他们不听我说，我怎么帮他们理解？
2．as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, no sooner...than...,
hardly/scarcely...when...和once(一……就……)，这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句
的动作随即就发生，常译为“一……就……”，从句中用一般时态代替将来时态。
The moment I heard the voice, I knew father was coming.
我一听到那个声音就知道父亲来了。
The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.
那男孩一见到他妈妈便放声大哭。
【易错提醒】 no sooner... than..., hardly/sca..的时态搭配：n与y/scarcely后的句子谓语动词应用过去完成
时，而than与when引导的句子谓语动词应用一般过去时。此外，当把 no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首
时，应用倒装语序。
He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering.
＝No sooner had he finished his speech than the students started cheering.
他刚完成演讲学生们就开始欢呼起来。
3．before
(1)表示“还未……就……；不到……就……；还没来得及……就……”。The girl had hardly rung the bell before the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her.
小女孩还没来得及按门铃，门就突然开了，并且她的朋友冲出来问候她。
Please write it down before you forget it.
趁你现在没忘把它记下来。
(2)It will be＋一段时间＋before...多久之后才……。
It is＋一段时间＋since... 自从……多久了。
John thinks it won't be long before he is ready for his new job.
约翰认为他不久就会为新工作做好准备了。
二、条件状语从句
1．通常由if, unless, as(so)long as, in case(that), once等连词引导。
Unless children believe they can succeed, they will never become totally independent.
除非孩子们相信他们能够成功，否则他们将永远无法完全独立。
2．由on condition(that); provided(that); providing (that); supposing(that)等引导的条件状语从句。
You can go swimming on condition that you don't go too far from the river bank.
只有不离河岸太远你才能下去游泳。
三、让步状语从句
1．让步状语从句可由 although, though, as, while, even if(though), whenever, whether... or..., no matter
who(when, what...)等引导。
Although regular exercise is very important, it's never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.
尽管有规律的锻炼是很重要的，但是在临近就寝的时候进行锻炼绝不是一个好主意。
However serious a problem you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.
不论你的问题有多严重，你都应该鼓起勇气，接受挑战。
2．while作“尽管”讲，引导让步状语从句时，往往放在句首。
While the Internet is of great help, I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time on it.
尽管因特网对我们有很大的帮助，但我认为花太多的时间上网也不是一个好主意。
[【易错提醒】 while也可以用来表对比转折，意为“而，却”。
At school, some students are active while some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.
在学校，有的学生很活跃而有的很腼腆，但他们能成为好朋友。
四、原因状语从句与方式状语从句
1．方式状语从句用来表示主句谓语动作发生的方式，常由 as“像……一样”，as if (though)“似乎，
好像”等引导。
The house was greatly damaged by the truck. We'd better leave things as they are until the police arrive.
卡车对这座房子造成了严重的损坏。我们最好保持原样直到警察到来。
He acted as if nothing had happened.
他表现得好像什么也没发生。
2．原因状语从句通常由because, since, as, now that, seeing(that), considering that等引导。
Now that you have grown up, you must do it by yourself.
既然你已经长大了，就必须自己做这件事。Considering that I have told you three times, you must know it.
鉴于我已经告诉你三次，你必须知道它。
五、地点状语从句
1．通常由连词where和wherever引导，从句可位于主句之前，也可位于主句之后。
The little girl who got lost decided to remain where she was and wait for her mother.
这个迷路的小女孩决定待在原地等她妈妈。
Today, we will begin where we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.
今天我们将在昨天停止的地方开始，为的是不漏掉知识点。
2．地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。
Where there's a will, there's a way.
有志者事竟成。
Where(ver) there's plenty of sun and rain, the fields are green.
哪里阳光雨水充足，哪里的田野就绿油油。
3．where引导的状语从句和定语从句的区别
where引导地点状语从句直接修饰动词，而在定语从句中where作为关系副词要跟在表示地点的先行
词后面。
When solving the problem a second time, you'd better be more careful where you made a mistake.
＝When solving the problem a second time, you'd better be more careful in the place where you made a
mistake.
当你第二次解决这个问题的时候，你要在出过差错的地方更加小心。
六、目的状语从句与结果状语从句
1．目的状语从句。
引导目的状语从句的从属连词有so that，in order that, for fear that, in case，lest等。
(1)in order that与so that。
两个连词都意为“以便……；为了……”，引导的状语从句中需用情态动词，in order that比so that正
式，引导的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后，而so that引导的从句只能置于主句之后。
I'll speak slowly so that you can understand me.
我说慢一点以便你能听懂。
In order that we might see the sunrise, we started for the peak early.
为了能看到日出，我们很早就向山顶出发了。
(2)for fear that, in case与lest。
这三个从属连词引导的目的状语从句中谓语动词要用(should＋)动词原形，它本身带有否定意义，相当
于so that... not...或in order that... not...。
The boy hid himself behind the tree in case/for fear that his father(should) see him.
男孩躲到树后以防被父亲发现。
Take your raincoat in case/lest it (should) rain.
带着你的雨衣，以防下雨。2．结果状语从句。
(1)引导结果状语从句的从属连词有：so that, so...that..., such...that...。在非正式语体中，由so...that...和
such...that...引导的句子中that可以省略，注意其结构形式：
Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe him.
＝Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe him.
迈克是如此诚实的工人以至于我们都信任他。
It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park.
天气如此的好，我们都想去公园。
He earned so little money that he couldn't support his family.
他挣钱太少以至于无法养活家人。
(2)当so或such置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序。
So clever a student was he that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.
他是一个如此聪明的学生，以至于他能算出所有的难题。
六、状语从句的省略
在时间、条件、让步、原因等状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致，或从句主语是 it，且含有动
词be时，可以将从句主语和动词be动词省略。
The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, unless accompanied by
an adult.
学校规则规定：除非有大人的陪伴，否则任何孩子白天都不允许出学校。
The problem, if not carefully dealt with, will cause a lot of damage.
这个问题，如果不小心处理，将会造成重大损失。
The dying man is moving his eyes slowly as if looking for his family.
这个奄奄一息的人慢慢地转动眼睛好像在寻找家人。
状语从句考点的解题关键：
1．确定是状语从句
空处所在的句子作整个句子的状语时，应用状语从句的引导词。
2．状语从句的特殊考点要记牢
(1)连词before的意义及句型
It will be＋一段时间＋before ...“多久以后才……”；It won't be＋一段时间＋before ...“用不了多久
就……”。
(2)连词since的意义及句型
It is ＋一段时间＋since引导的时间状语从句＝It has been ＋一段时间＋since引导的时间状语从句。
该固定句型意为“自从……以来，已经多长时间了”。
(3)whether ...or ...，疑问词＋-ever，引导让步状语从句。(4)where引导地点状语从句。
【易错提醒】1．when, while, as
(1)when, while, as三者都可以用来引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。
(2)在when和as引导的从句中，谓语动词既可以是延续性动词也可以是终止性动词，而在 while引导
的从句中，谓语动词只能是延续性动词。
(3)三者中as引导时间状语从句时，表示主从句动作同时发生或前后紧接着发生，常译为“(正当)……
的时候”“随着……”“一边……一边……”等。
2．so ...that ..., such ...that ...
(1)二者都可以引导结果状语从句。so 后中心词为形容词或副词， such后中心词为名词。
(2)若中心词之前有表示数量的many、much、little、few修饰时，只能用so。
【2024年高考命题预测】
根据高考考情分析2024年高考将：状语从句的各种连接词；状语从句的省略；非谓语动词短语与状语
从句之间的转换。
预测考向1 考查状语从句的连接词
1.（2024·湖北省腾云联盟10月联考）Big, heavy vehicles that can’t climb steep hills, running on two steel rails
— we’re all familiar with the concept, we call them railways or railroads. Right?
2.（2024·四川省成都市彭州市期中） the festival goes global, it has injected(注入) fresh energy into
Pingyao’s development and led to a great change. Pingyao’s openness has led to a new life.
3.（2024·浙江省绍兴蕺山外国语学校检测）In Sichuan cuisine, we can find the traces of many other cuisines,
including those from Shandong, Shanxi provinces and Zhejiang, Sichuan is an inclusive (包容的) place
with many migrants from other parts of the country.
4.（2024·湖南省雅礼中学月考（二））The barista, Zhang, mentioned that the number of orders was
high that they had to temporarily suspend the online ordering system at around 1:30 pm.
5.（2024·广东省湛江市普通高中调研）Just biodiversity is essential for the ecosystem, linguistic diversity
is essential for the cultural fabric of our society.
预测考向2 考查状语从句的省略
1．（2024·陕西省西安市阎良区关山中学第一次质量检测）Though (attack) with cancer, he still
keeps optimistic.
2．(2023·山西省运城市高三检测)While ________ (research), we found that she had some characteristics
similar to a pit bull (比特犬)．
3．(江西卷)If__________(ask) to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.
