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完形填空
第一部分 真题考查分析
(2023·天津中考)
Tom had a bad toothache. His mother wanted to take him to the dentist’s(牙科诊所), but
he 1 . He was afraid of the 2 when the dentist had to extract (拔出) his tooth.
Tom’s mother told him that if he did not visit the dentist, the pain would get
3 . At last, Tom had to agree.
There were not many people at the dentist’s. 4 , it was Tom’s turn. He walked
nervously into the room and sat down. The dentist looked 5 and said hello to him with a
smile. He asked Tom to 6 his mouth. And then he told Tom that he had to extract the bad
tooth. The dentist gave Tom an injection (注射) and
7 him that he would not feel any pain.
Tom really did not feel any pain. Then the dentist advised Tom to brush his teeth twice a
day and taught him the 8 way of brushing his teeth. He also told Tom not to eat too
many sweet things 9 his teeth would be healthy.
After that, Tom 10 how important it was to protect his teeth.
1. A. relaxed B. refused
C. nodded D. joked
2. A. pain B. trust
C. success D. training
3. A. nicer B. smaller
C. warmer D. worse
4. A. Sometimes B. Recently
C. Soon D. Especially
5. A. dangerous B. friendly
C. noisy D. careless
6. A. fill B. shut C. open D. cover
7. A. allowed B. asked
C. warned D. promised
8. A. right B. brave
C. weak D. rich
9. A. but B. so that
C. or D. whether
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10. A. regretted B. hoped
C. realized D. guessed
【方法解析】
第一步：通览跳格识语境
本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了汤姆去看牙医的经历。通过看牙医,汤姆意识到保
护牙齿的重要性。
第二步：综合考虑初选定
1. 析语境,寻前后暗示。由 but 可判断,他不同意妈妈的提议“take him to the
dentist’s”。所以,他拒绝了。refuse意为“拒绝”。选B。
2. 寻信息,找关键词。由下文the pain提示句意：他害怕疼痛。选A。
3. 捕捉信息,暂时跳过。
4. 觅逻辑,找因果关系。由前句“There were not many people at the dentist’s”可判断
句意：不久就轮到汤姆了。soon意为“不久”。选 C。
5. 觅逻辑,找因果关系。由后面的“said hello to him with a smile”可判断是“这个
牙医看上去很友好”。friendly“友好的”。选B。
6. 寻信息,找关键句。结合下文“And then he told Tom that he had to extract the bad
tooth. ”可判断句意为“他叫汤姆张开嘴”。open“张开,打开”,符合句意。选C。
7. 辨词义,辨动词词义。allow“允许”;ask“要求”;warn“警告”;promise“许诺,保
证”。由后面的“he would not feel any pain”可推知句意：牙医给汤姆打了一针,并保证
他不会感到任何疼痛。选D。
8. 辨词义,辨形容词词义。由后面的“way of brushing his teeth”可推知句意为“正
确的刷牙方法”。right“正确的”,符合句意。选A。
9. 捕捉信息,暂时跳过。
10. 辨词义,辨动词词义。句意：之后,汤姆意识到保护自己的牙齿是多么重要。
regret“后悔”;hope“希望”;realise“意识到”;guess“猜测”。选C。
第三步：瞻前顾后逐突破
3. 寻信息,对比排除。由“汤姆的母亲告诉他,如果他不去看牙医……”可知,疼痛
只能会加重。get worse“变得更重”。选D。
9. 析语境,找因果关系。后半句“他的牙齿才会健康”是前半句“不要吃太多甜
食”的结果,so that意为“以至于,因此”,引导结果状语从句。选B。
第四步：复查验证核语境
复读全文,逐题检查、验证答案。主要考虑短文是否前后连贯一致,下文是否合乎逻
辑。
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第二部分 备考策略解析
【方法概览】
【要点解析】
【方法突破】先完意， 再完形
1. 语境分析——寻信息
完形填空中经常会出现前面的信息为后面的空白处提供暗示, 而后面的信息有可
能是前面空白处的答案的情况。这时, 要联系上下文, 积极寻求信息以确定答案。
2. 左顾右盼——找搭配
有些单词词义相近, 而句型结构及跟其他词的搭配却截然不同, 因此不能单从词义
上去辨析, 而应审查空白处前后的名词、动词、介词或非谓语动词等, 比较与各选项的
搭配关系, 然后确定答案。
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3. 思前想后——觅逻辑
逻辑是作者的行文方式, 主要包括并列、转折、条件、因果、递进、让步等。它
们之间有的通过连接词来表达, 关系非常明显; 有的隐含在句与句之中, 关系比较隐晦。
4. 上下联系——辨词义
词不离句, 句不离篇。做完形填空时必须从句子的语境出发, 根据文章的中心、上
下文的意思, 确定空白处的意思, 然后选出合乎语境的词。
5. 集中精力——破难题
每篇完形填空15道题, 可能有2～4道题的难度较大, 在短时间内很难确定答案。
此时, 应该在完成全文后, 集中精力, 对其进行分析、综合, 再做出决定。
【真题演练】 (2023·安徽中考)
Dear Bruce,
Thanks for your email—good to hear from you.I’m looking forward to the exchange (交
流),too!
Anyway,about the 1 and things.The school here isn’t very 2 about most
things,but there are a few things you need to know.First of all— 3 .You can wear what
you want, 4 you can’t wear jeans(牛仔裤)with holes in them.You should 5
comfortable things.And it’ll be cold when you’re here so you’d better bring some 6
clothes.
The school’s pretty strict about phones—of course you can 7 them,but you have to
8 the phones and keep them in a place as you are required before class.You can’t just put
them on silent,right?And you can bring 9 to school but you must eat it outside during the
break.If it’s raining,you can eat in the classroom.
In short,it’s a good school and the teachers are kind.You really don’t have to worry about
anything here.Hope my advice is 10 to you.Write again soon,OK?And tell me if there’s
anything else you need to know.
Yours,
Sarah
1.A.interviews B.hobbies C.marks D.rules
2.A.strict B.fair C.modern D.sure
3.A.questions B.reports C.clothes D.subjects
4.A.or B.so C.for D.but
5.A.borrow B.wear C.receive D.sell
6.A.clean B.dry C.warm D.new
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7.A.bring B.return C.compare D.repair
8.A.hand in B.throw away C.turn off D.pick up
9.A.money B.food C.paper D.water
10.A.helpful B.similar C.secret D.free
【答案与解析】
1.D 考查名词辨析。句意:而且,关于规则和事情。interviews采访;hobbies爱好;marks
记号;rules规则。根据“You can wear what you want(你可以穿你想穿的)”可知,提到了需
要遵守的校规。
2.A 考查形容词辨析。句意:这里的学校对大多数事情都不是很严格。strict严格的;fair
公平的;modern现代的;sure确定的。根据“but there are a few things you need to know(但
有几件事你需要知道)”可知,后文转折介绍需要遵守的一些校规,前半句应是说其实大多
事情并不严格。
3.C 考查名词辨析。句意:首先——衣服。questions问题;reports报道;clothes衣
服;subjects科目。根据“You can wear what you want”可知,此处提到了穿的衣服方面的
要求。
4.D 考查连词辨析。句意:你可以穿你想穿的,但你不能穿有洞的牛仔裤。or或者;so因
此;for因为;but但是。根据语境可知,为转折关系。
5.B 考查动词辨析。句意:你应该穿舒服的衣服。borrow借入;wear穿;receive收到;sell
售卖。根据“comfortable things”(舒服的衣服)可知,是穿舒服的衣服。
6.C 考查形容词。句意:你在这里的时候会很冷,所以你最好带些暖和的衣服。clean干
净的;dry干燥的;warm暖和的;new新的。根据“And it’ll be cold”可知,冷要穿暖和的衣
服。
7.A 考查动词辨析。句意:学校对手机的要求非常严格——当然你可以带手机,但你必
须在上课前把手机上交,并按要求放在一个地方。bring带来;return返回;compare对
比;repair维修。根据“but you have to the phones and keep them in a place as you
are required before class”可知,可以把手机带到学校。
8.A 考查短语辨析。句意:学校对手机的要求非常严格——当然你可以带手机,但你必
须在上课前把手机上交,并按要求放在一个地方。hand in把……上交;throw away扔
掉;turn off关闭;pick up捡起。根据“keep them in a place as you are required before class”
可知,在上课前把手机上交。
9.B 考查名词辨析。句意:而且,你可以把食物带到学校,但你必须在(课间)休息时在外
面吃。money金钱;food食物;paper纸;water水。根据“but you must eat it”可知,可以带
食物。
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10.A 考查形容词辨析。句意:希望我的建议对你有帮助。helpful有帮助的;similar相似
的;secret秘密的;free免费的。根据语境可知,希望自己的建议是有帮助的。
第三部分 综合运用巩固
1
I grew up in a family of 12 (10 children and parents) and a large family of grandparents,
aunts, uncles and cousins. Neighbors were in and out of each other’s homes at 1
given hour of any day for years! Everybody was “family”. They married 2 —that
is, to people from any country. So it was normal to hear people talking but not sure what they
were 3 —there was German and French mixed with English, Eastern European
accents (口音) with Asian English.
I later learned Spanish while living in New York and married a/an 4 man who
could speak English. One day, my husband received a letter from a dear friend 5
Japan who he hadn’t seen for many years. This friend was visiting our city and we planned to
meet. When we finally met, we 6 that his friend had been in South America for
many years and spoke only Japanese and Spanish. 7 he spoke to me in Spanish and
to my husband in Japanese; I spoke to him in Spanish and to my husband in English; and my
8 spoke to me in English and to his friend in Japanese. We did this for about an hour! It
was fun.
These experiences taught me the 9 of learning other kinds of language. I can
understand other people who speak a 10 language — language of someone whose
experience has taken them down a road very different from mine.
1. A. any B. some C. neither D. either
2. A. silently B. freely C. secretly D. wisely
3. A. talking B. speaking C. reading D. telling
4. A. American B. English C. Spanish D. Japanese
5. A. in B. to C. from D. with
6. A. doubted B. examined C. discovered D. explained
7. A. So B. But C. Because D. Since
8. A. mother B. husband C. sister D. brother
9. A. courage B. agreement C. manners D. importance
10. A. fascinating B. standard C. humorous D. different
【答案】
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1. A 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. C 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. D 10.
D
【解析】本文是作者通过自己的家庭成长环境以及跟丈夫与朋友会面的经历中，感悟
到
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学习其他语言的重要性。
1. 句意：多年来，邻居们在任何一天的任何特定时间都可以进出对方的家！
any任何；some一些；neither两者都不；either(两者中的)任何一个。根据下文“of any
day”，可知空处也应填any表示“任何”。故选A。
2. 句意：他们自由结婚——也就是说，和任何国家的人结婚。
silently默默地；freely自由地；secretly秘密地；wisely明智地。根据下文“that is, to people
from any country”（也就是说，和任何国家的人结婚），可知空处表示“自由地”。故选
B。
3. 句意：所以，听到人们说话但不确定他们在说什么是正常的——德语和法语夹杂着英语，
东欧口音和亚洲英语。
talking谈论；speaking说；reading读；telling告诉。根据下文“German and French mixed
with English…”，可知这些都是各种语言，应填speaking。故选B。
4. 句意：后来我在纽约生活时学会了西班牙语，并嫁给了一个会说英语的日本人。
American美国的；English英格兰的； Spanish西班牙的；Japanese日本的。根据下文“my
husband received a letter from a dear friend…Japan”，可知推知作者的丈夫是日本人，故选
D。
5. 句意：有一天，我丈夫收到一封来自日本的好朋友的来信，他已经多年没见了。
in在……里面；to向；from来自；with和。根据空后“Japan”意为“日本”，为一个国家，
空处应填介词from，表示“来自日本的好朋友”。故选C。
6. 句意：当我们终于见面时，我们发现他的朋友已经在南美待了很多年，只会说日语和西
班牙语。
doubted怀疑；examined检查；discovered发现；explained解释。分析句子，可知空处后接
that引导的宾语从句，结合句意，可知空处应填discovered表示“发现”。故选C。
7. 句意：所以他用西班牙语和我说话，用日语和我丈夫说话；我用西班牙语和他说话，用
英语和我丈夫说话；我丈夫用英语和我说话，用日语和他的朋友说话。
So所以；But但是；Because因为；Since自从。根据上文“spoke only Japanese and
Spanish”（只会说日语和西班牙语），可知空处表示“所以”。故选A。
8. 句意：所以他用西班牙语和我说话，用日语和我丈夫说话；我用西班牙语和他说话，用
英语和我丈夫说话;我丈夫用英语和我说话，用日语和他的朋友说话。
mother母亲；husband丈夫；sister姐妹；brother兄弟。根据上文所述，可知作者的丈夫是
会说英语的日本人，丈夫的朋友来自日本，结合“…spoke to me in English and to his friend
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in Japanese”，可知空处指作者的“丈夫”。故选B。
9. 句意：这些经历教会了我学习其他语言的重要性。
courage勇气；agreement同意；manners方法；importance重要性。根据上文所述，可知作
者和她的丈夫以及丈夫的朋友因为会多种语言，所以之间才可以沟通顺利，故空处指“重
要性”。故选D。
10. 句意：我能理解其他说不同语言的人——他们的经历使他们走上了与我截然不同的道
路。
fascinating迷人的；standard（符合）标准的；humorous幽默的；different不同的。根据下
文“…very different from mine”，可知空处也应填different，表示“不同语言”。故选D。
2
Long long ago, a king loved riddles. Once a year he made a new riddle and offered a 11
to the person who could first solve it.
Bob, a young man, was famous for his fine 12 . Bob had almost everything he
needed except for 13 . He wanted to sell his products to every corner of the kingdom.
One year the king made a new riddle. People came from far and wide. He drew a line on the
courtyard. “Make this line shorter without erasing (清除) any part of it. Whoever wins can pick
one of my strongest horses! Yet, is there anyone smarter than me? I doubt it!” the king 14
the crowd.
People looked at the line in different directions. “How can you make a line shorter without
erasing any part of it?” the crowd asked each other. Some of them 15 . The dressmaker
kicked dirt over the end of the line to 16 it. The farmer poured water over the line to
make it 17 . None of these efforts worked.
Then Bob came with a bag of flour (面粉) from his shop. “Your Majesty, this riddle is just a
piece of cake. ” 18 , Bob opened his bag of flour and poured out a line of flour right next
to the king’s line. The line was 19 than the king’s line.
“Now, my king,” Bob smiled, “your line is shorter.”
“Such a clever trick!” the people were 20 . The king laughed. “You made it. Now
you can have any horse you like.”
11. A. yard B. prize C. dinner D. job
12. A. bread B. clothes C. cheese D. riddles
13. A. a car B. a horse C. some bread D. some money
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14. A. promised B. advised C. ordered D. challenged
15. A. tried B. explained C. succeeded D. joked
16. A. fix B. reach C. hide D. divide
17. A. pass B. connect C. float D. disappear
18. A. Politely B. Confidently C. Nervously D. Carelessly
19. A. shorter B. longer C. smaller D. bigger
20. A. annoyed B. bored C. amazed D. moved
【答案】
11. B 12. A 13. B 14. D 15. A 16. C 17. D 18. B 19. B
20. C
【解析】本文讲述一个国王喜欢出谜。有次他又出了一个谜，让人在不清除的情况下，能
否让线变短，最后面包师解答出了这个谜。
11. 句意：他一年造一个新的谜并且给第一个解答出来的人一个奖项。
yard庭院；prize奖；dinner晚饭；job工作。根据后文“Whoever wins can pick one of my
strongest horses!”可知给赢的人奖。故选B。
12. 句意：鲍勃，一个年轻人，因为他很棒的面包而出名。
bread面包；clothes衣服；cheese芝士；riddles谜。根据后文可知他是一个面包师，所以是
因面包出名。故选A。
13. 句意：鲍勃几乎有一切他需要的除了一匹马。
a car一辆车；a horse一匹马；some bread一些面包；some money一些钱。根据后文的故事
可知他赢得了一匹马，正是他需要的。故选B。
14. 句意：国王向人群挑战。
promised承诺；advised建议；ordered命令；challenged挑战。根据“Whoever wins can pick
one of my strongest horses! Yet, is there anyone smarter than me? I doubt it!”可知，是向人群里
发出挑战看有没有比他聪明的。故选D。
15. 句意：他们中一些人尝试。
tried尝试；explained解释；succeeded成功；joked玩笑。根据后文裁缝，农民等都进行了
尝试。故选A。
16. 句意：裁缝把土踢过绳子，把它藏了起来。
fix修理；reach触摸；hide隐藏；divide分。根据“kicked dirt over the end of the line”可知踢
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土是为了隐藏。故选C。
17. 句意：一个农民把水倒在绳子上使它消失。
pass传递；connect连接；float漂；disappear消失。根据前文“poured water over the line”可
知倒水是为了使它消失。故选D。
18. 句意：鲍勃自信满满地打开面粉袋子倒出一行面粉恰好在国王的线边。
Politely有礼貌地；Confidently自信地；Nervously紧张地；Carelessly粗心地。根据前文
“this riddle is just a piece of cake.”可知他认为很简单，所以是很自信。故选B。
19. 句意：这个线比国王的更长。
shorter更短；longer更长；smaller更小；bigger更大。根据后文“your line is shorter.”可知
说国王的线短，所以他画的长。故选B。
20. 句意：人们都感到吃惊。
annoyed生气的；bored感到无聊的；amazed感到吃惊；moved感动的。根据前文可知人群
中的人很多尝试不成功，所以当看到这年轻人做法，应是感到震惊。故选C。
3
阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM传统中医) is an important part of Chinese culture. TCM
has a long history. The 21 medical classic in China, Huangdi’s Classic on Medicine,
came out more than 2,000 years ago. The book is about the relationship between man and 22
. In Chinese culture, yin and yang are the two parts of nature. Nature keeps balanced (平衡的) if
yin and yang work 23 together. The human body needs such a 24 too. TCM
helps to do that.
Quite specially, for some health problems, a doctor of TCM does not give you medicine.
25 , he may give you just a good plan and right ways to eat. For example, it is common to 26
on the way to school, at our work desk, or in front of the TV. But TCM thinks it’s 27 . Here
are the correct ways: Sit down to eat. While eating, 28 the TV and keep away from the
work desk. Eat seasonal (季节性的) foods. Do not miss any of the three meals. Also, get your
body 29 often. Just as the saying goes, running water is never stale (流水不腐). So do
exercise more often.
Nowadays, traditional Chinese medicine is becoming more and more 30 around the
world. A government report says people in 183 countries and areas are now using TCM.
21. A. easiest B. earliest C. newest D. biggest
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22. A. stars B. plants C. animals D. nature
23. A. hard B. well C. quietly D. badly
24. A. culture B. book C. balance D. promise
25. A. When B. Unless C. Instead D. If
26. A. eat B. drink C. play D. smile
27. A. wrong B. boring C. helpful D. natural
28. A. clean up B. show off C. look up D. turn off
29. A. staying B. relaxing C. moving D. sitting
30. A. expensive B. safe C. modern D. popular
【答案】
21. B 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. C
30. D
【解析】本文主要介绍了一些中医的文化以及中医对世界各地的影响。
21. 句意：中国最早的医学经典《黄帝内经》问世于2000多年前。
easiest最容易的；earliest最早的；newest最新的；biggest最大的。根据“more than 2, 000
year ago（2000多年前）”可知，此处介绍最早出现的时间。故选B。
22. 句意：书是关于人与自然的关系。
stars星星；plants植物；animals动物；nature自然。根据“In Chinese culture, yin and yang
are the two parts of nature.”在中国文化中，阴和阳是自然的两部分。可知，此处是指人与自
然的关系。故选D。
23. 句意：如果阴阳和谐相处，自然就会保持平衡。
hard困难地；well好地；quietly安静地；badly坏地。根据“Nature keeps balanced”（自然
保持平衡）可知，此处是指阴阳和谐相处才会保持自然平衡。故选B。
24. 句意：人身体也需要如此的一个平衡。
culture文化；book书；balance平衡；promise承诺。根据“Nature keeps balanced”（自然保
持平衡）和空格后too（也）可知，人类跟自然一样，也需要这样的平衡。故选C。
25. 句意：相反，他可能只会给你一个好的计划和正确的饮食方式。
When当；Unless除非；Instead反而；If如果。根据“a doctor of TCM does not give you
medicine.”以及“he may give you just a good plan and right ways to eat”可知相反，他可能只
会给你一个好的计划和正确的饮食方式。故选C。
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26. 句意：例如，在上学的路上，在办公桌前或在电视机前吃东西是很常见的。
eat吃；drink喝；play玩；smile微笑。根据“Sit down to eat.”可知，此处指在这些地方吃
东西是很常见的。故选A。
27. 句意：但是中医认为这是错的。
wrong错误的；boring无聊的；helpful有帮助的；natural自然的。根据“Here are the correct
ways: Sit down to eat”可知，中医认为上面的吃法是错误的。故选A。
28. 句意：吃饭时，关掉电视，远离办公桌。
clean up清理；show off炫耀；look up查阅；turn off关闭。根据常识吃饭时应关闭电视。
故选D。
29. 句意：此外，让你的身体经常运动。
staying停留；relaxing放松；moving移动、活动；sitting坐。根据“So do exercise more
often.”可知，建议要经常做运动。故选C。
30. 句意：如今，中医在世界各地越来越受欢迎。
expensive昂贵的；safe安全的；modern时尚的；popular受欢迎的。根据“A government
report says people in 183 countries and areas are now using TCM.”可知一份政府报告说，现在
有183个国家和地区的人们正在使用中医，所以中医很受欢迎。故选D。
4
请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题
卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
There are many festivals around the world. Dads have Father’s Day. Mums have Mother’s
Day. But do our grandparents have a 31 ? Yes, they do.
The Double Ninth Festival is a 32 day for old people in China. The festival is on
lunar September 9th. On this day, people show 33 and respect (尊敬) for their
grandparents.
Respecting old people is a tradition in China. There are many ways for Chinese people to
34 their respect. When an old person enters a room, everyone should stand up. Also, people
are introduced from the 35 to the youngest. When we give something to an old person,
two hands are used. The old usually don’t have to buy tickets for buses and young people always
36 their seats to old people on a crowded subway or bus.
However, in western countries, old people have 37 lifestyles from those in China.
They don’t often live with their children—they live 38 . They don’t want to get help
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from 39 . They even don’t want to be offered seats by others.
Westerners still respect old people. For holidays, families usually 40 at the
grandparents’ homes. A great smile and a warm hug are enough for grown children to show their
respect.
31. A. house B. festival C. partner D. relative
32. A. boring B. simple C. special D. surprising
33. A. love B. interest C. hope D. invitation
34. A. stop B. express C. find D. refuse
35. A. richest B. tallest C. oldest D. strongest
36. A. offer B. lend C. sell D. take
37. A. usual B. strange C. same D. different
38. A. wisely B. easily C. alone D. sadly
39. A. other B. the other C. others D. the others
40. A. grow up B. get off C. make up D. get together
【答案】
31. B 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. C 36. A 37. D 38. C 39. C
40. D
【解析】本文主要介绍了中西方尊重老人的不同方式。
31. 句意：但是我们的祖父母有节日吗？
house房子；festival节日；partner伙伴；relative亲戚。根据前文“There are many festivals
around the world. Dads have Father’s Day. Mums have Mother’s Day.”可知，是询问祖父母有没
有对应的节日，故选B。
32. 句意：重阳节是中国老年人的特殊节日。
boring无聊的；simple简单的；special特别的；surprising令人惊讶的。根据“The Double
Ninth Festival is a … day for old people in China.”可知，重阳节是一个针对老年人的特别节日，
故选C。
33. 句意：在这一天，人们表达对祖父母的爱和尊敬。
love爱；interest兴趣；hope希望；invitation邀请。根据“On this day, people show … and
respect (尊敬) for their grandparents.”可知，重阳节是对祖父母表达爱和尊敬的节日，故选
A。
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34. 句意：中国人表达敬意的方式有很多。
stop停止；express表达；find找到；refuse拒绝。根据前文“show … and respect (尊敬) for
their grandparents”可知，此处指表达尊敬有很多方法，故选B。
35. 句意：此外，人们从最年长的介绍到最年轻的。
richest最富有的；tallest最高的；oldest最老的；strongest最强壮的。根据“people are
introduced from the … to the youngest”可知，为了表达尊敬，是从年长的开始介绍，故选
C。
36. 句意：老年人通常不必买票乘公共汽车，年轻人总是在拥挤的地铁或公共汽车上给老
年人让座。
offer提供；lend借出；sell售卖；take带走。根据后文“They even don’t want to be offered
seats by others.”可知，此处指给老人让座，offer a seat“让座”，故选A。
37. 句意：然而，在西方国家，老年人的生活方式与中国的不同。
usual通常的；strange奇怪的；same相同的；different不同的。根据后文“They don’t often
live with their children … They even don’t want to be offered seats by others.”可知，西方老年人
的生活与中国的不同，故选D。
38. 句意：他们不经常和孩子们住在一起——他们独自生活。
wisely明智地；easily容易地；alone独自地，单独地；sadly难过地。根据“They don’t
often live with their children”可知，老年人独自生活，故选C。
39. 句意：他们不想从别人那里得到帮助。
other其他的；the other两者中的另一个；others其他人；the others其余的全部。根据
“They don’t want to get help from…”可知，是不想从其他人那得到帮助，故选C。
40. 句意：在假期，家人通常会在祖父母家聚会。
grow up成长；get off下车；make up编造；get together聚集。根据“families usually … at
the grandparents’ homes”可知，家人是在祖父母家聚集，故选D。
5
With Shanghai starting to sort trash (垃圾分类), one country naturally catches our attention
— Sweden (瑞典), one of the world’s best countries in waste management, with a 41
recycling level up to 99%. 42 did Sweden make such an achievement?
Like many other countries, Sweden was once a land with much trash 43 the
government decided to clean it up. Then trash sorting took top priority (优先). The Swedish
government believed that children 44 the idea of trash sorting from an early age, so it
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became a part of the national education. 45 were given the knowledge in the school, and
then taught their parents at home. After the efforts, the rules of trash sorting have 46
become part of Swedes’ daily life.
Many Swedish neighborhoods have central collection stations, from which pipelines (管道) run
through walls and into the ground, connecting different kinds of rubbish bins. The bin has a sensor
(感应器). Once the bin is 47 , it opens itself, and the rubbish, driven by strong winds,
rushes to the central collection station at a 48 of 70 km/h. Rubbish collection is done
49 a clean way.
Right now, you and your family may face the difficulty of sorting out the rubbish. 50
if we can really see the advantages—a beautiful picture like Sweden, pains are worthwhile (值得
的).
41. A. high B. low C. big D. small
42. A. Why B. What C. When D. How
43. A. after B. before C. if D. because
44. A. should tell B. should be taught C. can be told D. must ask
45. A. Children B. Girls C. Boys D. People
46. A. hardly B. never C. already D. yet
47. A. empty B. dirty C. filled D. ugly
48. A. height B. weight C. length D. speed
49. A. in B. by C. from D. to
50. A. But B. So C. Although D. Unless
【答案】
41. A 42. D 43. B 44. B 45. A 46. C 47. C 48. D 49. A
50. A
【解析】本文主要介绍了瑞典是世界上垃圾管理最好的国家之一，分析了它取得如此成就
的原因。
41. 句意：随着上海开始垃圾分类，一个国家自然引起了我们的注意，瑞典是世界上垃圾
管理最好的国家之一，回收率高达99%。
high高的；low低的；big大的；small小的。根据“recycling level up to 99%. ”可知，此处
指回收率高达99%，故选A。
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42. 句意：瑞典如何能取得这样的成就？
Why为什么； What什么；When什么时候；How怎样。根据下文的解释可知，介绍瑞典
取得这样的成就的方法，所以此处应填疑问词how，故选D。
43. 句意：和许多其他国家一样，在政府决定清理垃圾之前，瑞典曾经是一个垃圾遍地的
国家。
after在之后；before在之前；if如果；because因为。根据“Sweden was once a land with
much trash…the government decided to clean it up”可知，在政府清理垃圾之前，曾是一个垃
圾遍地的国家，故选B。
44. 句意：瑞典政府认为，孩子们应该从小就接受垃圾分类的教育，所以它成为了国民教
育的一部分。
should tell应该告诉；should be taught应该被教；can be told能被告诉；must ask必须问。根
据“so it became a part of the national education.”可知，孩子们应该被教育要垃圾分类，故选
B。
45. 句意：孩子们在学校里获得知识，然后在家里教给他们的父母。
Children孩子们；Girls女孩们；Boys男孩们；People人们。根据“were given the
knowledge in the school”可知，在学校里是孩子们获得知识，故选A。
46. 句意：经过努力，垃圾分类规则已经成为瑞典人日常生活的一部分。
hardly几乎不；never从不；already已经；yet尚未。根据“After the efforts, the rules of trash
sorting have…become part of Swedes’ daily life.”可知，努力了之后，已经成为了生活的一部
分，故选C。
47. 句意：一旦垃圾桶被填满，它就会自动打开，垃圾在强风的推动下，以每小时70公里
的速度冲向中央收集站。
empty空的；dirty脏的；filled满的；ugly丑陋的。根据“Once the bin is …, it opens itself”
可知，垃圾桶满了，会自动打开，故选C。
48. 句意：一旦垃圾桶被填满，它就会自动打开，垃圾在强风的推动下，以每小时70公里
的速度冲向中央收集站。
height高度；weight重量；length长度；speed速度。根据“at a … of 70 km/h”可知，此处是
at a speed of“以……的速度”，故选D。
49. 句意：垃圾收集以干净的方式进行。
in用某种方式；by通过；from从；to到。根据“a clean way.”可知，此处应填in，表示以
一种干净的方式，故选A。
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50. 句意：但如果我们真的能看到瑞典这样美丽的景色，痛苦是值得的。
But但是；So因此；Although尽管；Unless除非。“if we can really see the advantages—a
beautiful picture like Sweden, pains are worthwhile”与前文是转折关系，故选A。
6
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
It was Mary’s birthday. She got a letter from her uncle. Her uncle, a farmer would give her
some 51 as his birthday present for Mary. Mary was pleased. She liked eating eggs and
she liked eating chicken, too. “I can keep the chickens 52 their eggs or eat them,” she
thought When the chickens arrived the next day, they were in a box.
Mary was very excited 53 she saw the chickens. She took the box off the back of the
truck and began to carry it to the back of her house. However, the box of chickens was heavy and
she dropped 54 . The box fell to the ground and broke open. The chickens all ran out.
They ran everywhere —into the backyard, into neighbors’ gardens, into the road, even into
the next street. It 55 Mary hours to find them and take them back to her garden.
A few days later her uncle came to visit her
“Did the chickens arrive 56 ?” he asked Mary.
“Yes, Uncle Toby,” Mary said. “But I had a lot of 57 with them. I dropped the box. It
broke open and the chickens ran everywhere. I spent the whole morning 58 for them.”
“Have you found them all?” her uncle asked
“I hope so,” Mary answered. “I have 59 eleven of them.”
“That’s very 60 ” her uncle said with a smile, “because I only sent you six.”
51. A. cats B. dogs C. chickens D. cows
52. A. with B. by C. from D. for
53. A. when B. before C. so D. until
54. A. them B. it C. her D. him
55. A. paid B. cost C. took D. spent
56. A. quickly B. actually C. safely D. quietly
57. A. trouble B. trust C. pride D. waste
58. A. working B. caring C. preparing D. looking
59. A. killed B. caught C. cooked D. seen
60. A. boring B. fresh C. surprising D. ugly
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【答案】
51. C 52. D 53. A 54. B 55. C 56. C 57. A 58. D 59. B
60. C
【解析】本文主要讲述了玛丽生日的时候，她的叔叔送了一箱小鸡给她，但是装小鸡的箱
子太重，摔到地上，小鸡也跑了，玛丽花了好几个小时才把小鸡找回来，几天后叔叔来访，
发现叔叔送了6只小鸡，而玛丽却抓了11只回来。
51. 句意：她的叔叔，一个农民，会给她一些小鸡作为他给玛丽的生日礼物。
cats猫；dogs狗；chickens小鸡；cows牛。根据下文“She liked eating eggs and she liked
eating chicken, too.”可知叔叔是要送给玛丽一些小鸡，故选C。
52. 句意：我可以养鸡下蛋，也可以吃掉它们。
with用；by通过；from来自；for为了。根据“keep the chickens ... their eggs”可知养鸡是为
了它们的蛋，应用for表示目的，故选D。
53. 句意：玛丽看到小鸡时非常兴奋。
when当……时；before在……之前；so所以；until直到。根据“Mary was very excited ...
she saw the chickens.”可知是指当看到小鸡时很兴奋，应用when引导时间状语从句，故选
A。
54. 句意：然而，装着鸡的箱子很重，她把它掉在了地上。
them他/她/它们；it它；her她；him他。此处是指箱子掉在了地上，应用it指代“the box
of chickens”，故选B。
55. 句意：玛丽花了好几个小时才找到它们，并把它们带回她的花园。
paid支付；cost花费（钱），物作主语；took花费（时间），it作主语；spent花费（时
间/钱），人作主语。根据“It... Mary hours to find them”可知此处是“It took sb. some time
to do sth.”，表示“做某事花了某人多少时间”，故选C。
56. 句意：小鸡安全到达了吗？
quickly快速地；actually事实上；safely安全地；quietly安静地。根据“Did the chickens
arrive ...?”及语境可知，玛丽的叔叔是询问小鸡是否安全到达，故选C。
57. 句意：但它们给我惹了不少麻烦。
trouble麻烦；trust信任；pride骄傲；waste浪费。根据“I dropped the box. It broke open and
the chickens ran everywhere.”可知是遇到了麻烦，故选A。
58. 句意：我花了一上午找它们。
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working工作；caring照顾；preparing准备；looking看。根据上文“the chickens ran
everywhere”可知是指寻找到处跑的小鸡，look for“寻找”，固定短语，故选D。
59. 句意：我已经抓了11只。
killed杀；caught抓住；cooked做饭；seen看见。根据上文“Have you found them all?”及语
境可知是指已经抓住了11只鸡，故选B。
60. 句意：这很令人惊讶。
boring无聊的；fresh新鲜的；surprising令人惊讶的；ugly丑陋的。根据“because I only
sent you six.”可知叔叔只给了玛丽6只鸡，玛丽却抓回来了11只，所以是令人惊讶的，故
选C。
7
My father was a farmer. He worked very hard and never complained. He has never gone to
school. So, he was a common man 61 little education. But he would teach my sister and
62 lessons through stories.
One day before I was leaving for college, he sat down and took a 63 from his
pocket. And he said, “You need to know 64 things before you go out into the world.
Remember them, 65 you will be the best person you can be.”
“First, look at the pencil. We know that in order to become a(n) 66 pencil, from
time to time, it has to go through being sharpened (使锋利). If this pencil could 67 , we
could imagine how painful that would be. But that’s 68 it becomes a useful pencil. Life
is much the same. No one can live the whole life 69 all the time. Painful experiences
and difficulties come to us all. But we build our personalities and we 70 through
these chances. Second is to keep in mind that you will be able to make many of your mistakes
correct just like this eraser. If we 71 from our mistakes, they’re not mistakes. We can
use the lessons to do 72 next time. Third, just like this pencil, every place where you
are used, you leave your mark. You’re 73 your own story. Don’t be afraid and never
stop writing. And fourth, always remember the most 74 part of you is what’s inside.
A pencil is useless without it’s inner part.”
When I feel sad in my life, I’ll think about my 75 words. They give me courage
to move on.
61. A. with B. about C. under D. during
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62. A. her B. him C. me D. us
63. A. pen B. pencil C. rubber D. ruler
64. A. two B. three C. four D. five
65. A. but B. or C. and D. though
66. A. careful B. useful C. awful D. colorful
67. A. feel B. shape C. insist D. cancel
68. A. what B. whom C. how D. which
69. A. quickly B. closely C. usually D. happily
70. A. guard B. guess C. grow D. greet
71. A. learn B. record C. charge D. attack
72. A. higher B. better C. farther D. earlier
73. A. writing B. thinking C. reporting D. covering
74. A. difficult B. comfortable C. hard-working D. important
75. A. sister’s B. father’s C. mother’s D. brother’s
【答案】
61. A 62. C 63. B 64. C 65. C 66. B 67. A 68. C 69. D
70. C 71. A 72. B 73. A 74. D 75. B
【解析】本文主要讲述了父亲通过铅笔的故事告诉作者一些人生道理，鼓励作者继续前行。
61. 句意：所以，他是一个几乎没有受过教育的普通人。
with具有；about关于；under在……下面；during在……期间。根据“He has never gone to
school.”可知，此处是指几乎没有受过教育，with little education“几乎没受过教育”。故选
A。
62. 句意：但他会通过故事教育我和妹妹。
her她；him他；me我；us我们。根据“But he would teach my sister and”可知，是指我的妹
妹和我。故选C。
63. 句意：在我要去上大学之前的一天，他坐下来，从口袋里拿出一支铅笔。
pen钢笔；pencil铅笔；rubber橡皮；ruler尺子。根据后文“pencil”可知，可知，此处是指
拿出一支铅笔。故选B。
64. 句意：在你走向社会之前，你需要知道四件事。
two二；three三；four四；five五。根据后文“First ... Second ... Third ... And fourth”可知，
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是指需要知道四件事。故选C。
65. 句意：记住它们，你就能成为最好的人。
but但是；or或者；and和；though虽然。根据“Remember them, ... you will be the best
person you can be.”可知，句子前后是顺承关系，用and连接。故选C。
66. 句意：我们知道，为了成为一支有用的铅笔，它必须不时地被削尖。
careful小心的；useful有用的；awful糟糕的；colorful丰富多彩的。根据“in order to
become a(n) ... pencil, from time to time, it has to go through being sharpened”可知，铅笔被削
尖是为了变得有用。故选B。
67. 句意：如果这支铅笔有感觉，我们可以想象那会有多痛。
feel感觉；shape塑造；insist坚持；cancel取消。根据“we could imagine how painful that
would be.”及前文说要削尖铅笔可知，是指我们在削尖铅笔的时候，如果铅笔能够感觉到，
它应该是会很痛苦的。故选A。
68. 句意：但这就是它成为一个有用的铅笔的方式。
what什么；whom谁；how如何；which哪一个。根据“that’s ... it becomes a useful pencil.”
及前文可知，削尖铅笔，是铅笔变得有用的方式，用how引导表语从句。故选C。
69. 句意：没有人能一直快乐地度过一生。
quickly快地；closely紧密地；usually通常；happily快乐地。根据“Painful experiences and
difficulties come to us all.”可知，是指没人能一直快乐地度过一生。故选D。
70. 句意：但我们通过这些机会塑造了自己的个性，成长了。
guard保卫；guess猜测；grow成长；greet问候。根据“we build our personalities ... through
these chances.”可知，我们也通过这些机会成长了。故选C。
71. 句意：如果我们从错误中吸取教训，那就不是错误了。
learn学习；record记录；charge控告；attack攻击。根据“from our mistakes”可知，是指从
错误中学习。故选A。
72. 句意：我们可以利用这些经验教训，下次做得更好。
higher更高地；better更好地；farther更远地；earlier更早地。根据“We can use the lessons
to do”可知，是指利用这些经验教训下次做得更好。故选B。
73. 句意：你在写自己的故事。
writing写；thinking思考；reporting报告；covering覆盖。根据“Don’t be afraid and never
stop writing.”可知，你在写自己的故事。故选A。
74. 句意：第四，永远记住你最重要的部分是你的内在。
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difficult困难的；comfortable舒服的；hard-working勤奋的；important重要的。根据“A
pencil is useless without it’s inner part.”可知，是指内在是最重要的。故选D。
75. 句意：当我在生活中感到悲伤的时候，我就会想起父亲的话。
sister’s妹妹的；father’s父亲的；mother’s母亲的；brother’s兄弟的。根据前文内容可知，
父亲通过铅笔的故事告诉作者一些人生哲理，因此此处是指想起父亲的话。故选B。
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