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考点4--行文逻辑--练考点--熟能生巧
练高考--心中有数
1.【2022·新高考I卷】Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we headed off,
but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly ___28___ our peaceful morning trip.
28. A. arranged B. interrupted C. completed D. recorded
28. B考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平
静的晨间旅行。A. arranged安排；B. interrupted中断；C. completed完成；D. recorded记录。根据上文“but
storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly”以及下文“our peaceful morning trips”可推知，此处
指风暴来临，作者的旅行被迫中断了。故选B。【提醒】but转折关系为我们提供了做题的依据。
2.【2022·全国甲卷】When I first dated Steve, I learned he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I was
thrilled that he was an animal lover, I worried that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack
___ 4 6___ , the cat.
46. A. Flora B. Chance C. Molly D. Tilly
46. A虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫Flora。根据
上文的“he had a dog, Molly, and a car, Flora (他有一条名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora的猫)”可知，此处指
作者担心自己的狗可能会攻击史蒂夫的猫Flora。故选A。【提醒】此处Flora和the cat是同位关系。
3. 【2021·浙江省高考英语试卷】Everyone was so 20 and like-minded that it was very 21 to feel at
home.
20．A．confident B．friendly C．energetic D．curious
21．A．funny B．good C．lucky D．easy
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉。A.
confident自信的；B. friendly友好的；C. energetic活力的；D. curious好奇的。根据后文“and like-minded”
可推断，作者感觉大家都很友好。故选B。同类关系
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉。A.
funny搞笑的；B. good好的；C. lucky幸运的；D. easy容易的。根据 “that like-minded”和“feel at home”
得知大家都很友好并且志趣相投，感觉到家的温暖很容易。故选D。同类关系
4. 【2020·浙江卷】My job was to build a stairway out of rock. This meant climbing up and down the side of amountain inhabited (栖息) by mountain lions, although I should say they were only heard, never 27 .
27．A．hunted B．trained C．seen D．fed
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我应该说他们只被听说过，从没被亲眼见过。A. hunted捕猎；B.
trained训练；C. seen看到；D. fed喂养。根据前文“although I should say they were only heard”可知，作者
以前没有见过。故选C。转折关系
5. 【2020·山东省高考英语试卷（新高考全国Ⅰ卷)】 A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the damage
it caused had driven away a number of birds. 25 , the number of snakes had declined as well.
25．A．Besides B．However C．Therefore D．Otherwise
25．考查副词词义辨析。句意:此外，蛇的数量也减少了。A. Besides此外，另外；B. However但是；C.
Therefore因此；D. Otherwise否则。根据as well可知，洪水不仅导致很多鸟儿离开。而且，它还导致蛇的
数量减少。故选A。并列关系
6. 【2020·天津卷】Jones got the idea after he had talked with an elderly lady who had been cheated of her
money. The lady would get a call from a stranger every morning who eventually made her believe that he was her
friend, and then she lent him about “￡31,000 . Jones was 21 when she said that she didn’t actually mind
being cheated. “Otherwise, I would never speak to another person for weeks on end,” she said.
21．A．ashamed B．shocked C．excited D．amused
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:当这位老妇人说她实际上并不介意被骗时，琼斯很震惊。A. ashamed
羞愧的；B. shocked震惊的；C. excited兴奋的；D. amused愉悦的。按照正常的逻辑，一个人被骗了很多钱，
她一定会很生气。然而，这位老妇人却说她不介意。所以琼斯很震惊。故选B。因果关系
7. 【2020·江苏卷】 When Wilson heated it, the container 43 , leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.
43．A．erupted B．exploded C．emptied D．exposed
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当威尔逊把它加热时，容器爆炸了，导致威尔逊失明。A. erupted爆发，
喷出；B. exploded爆炸；C. emptied腾空，掏空；D. exposed揭露，使暴露。因为容器内装的不是水，而是
更容易挥发的物质，所以，当威尔逊把它加热时，容器“爆炸”了，导致 Wilson失明。故选B。（因果关
系，爆炸是失明的原因）
8.【2020·江苏卷】He learned braille (盲文) quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the
Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n) 47 public speaker.
47．A．accomplished B．crucial C．specific D．innocent
【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那里，他不仅是一名出色的学生，而且成为了一名出色的演说家。
A. accomplished才华高的，有成就的；B. crucial至关重要的，关键性的；C. specific特定的，具体的；D.
innocent无辜的，天真的。前一句提到威尔逊很快学会了盲文，并在伍斯特盲人学院继续接受教育。结合
该句中的not only…but also…可以推知，他不仅是个好学生，而且是个非常好的公共演说家。故选 A。递
进关系
9. 【2020·江苏卷】 Wilson received several international awards for his great contributions. He lost his sight
but found a 54 . He proved that it’s not what happens to us that 55 our lives-it’s what we make of
what happens.
54．A．fortune B．recipe C．dream D．vision
55．A．distinguishes B．determines C．claims D．limits
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他失明了，但找到了视野。A. fortune运气，财富；B. recipe食谱，秘
诀；C. dream梦，梦想；D. vision视野。根据前文叙述可知，虽然威尔逊失明了，但是他却通过努力，帮
助了很多人，为世界做出了巨大贡献。由此推知，他虽然看不见，但是他的“眼界”开阔，做到了很多人
都做不到的事情。故选D。（转折关系）
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他证明了并不是发生在我们身上的事情决定了我们的生活，而是我们
如何看待发生的事情。A. distinguishes区分，辨别；B. determines决定；C. claims宣称；D. limits限制。结
合第一段中的“Success fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the in our lives”可知，成功
从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。即：并不是发生的事情“决定”我们的生活，
而是我们对发生的事情的看法“决定”了我们的生活。故选B。（并列关系）
10.【2020·全国新课标II】It was just after sunrise on a June morning. “Nicolo,” whose real name cannot be
41 to the public because of Italy’s privacy laws, finished working the whole night at a factory in Turin.
41．A．attached B．allocated C．exposed D．submitted
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nicolo完成了一整夜在Turin一家工厂的工作，他的真实名字因意大
利的隐私法不能暴露给公众。A. attached参加；B. allocated分配；C. exposed暴露；D. submitted上交。根
据下文的because of Italy's privacy可知此处用be exposed to“暴露”符合语境，故选C。（因果关系）
11. 【2019·全国II】He had tried to coax(哄)the dog to him but, frightened, it had ___44___.
44. A. calmed down B. stood up C. rolled over D. run off【答案】D
【解析】与前面的but构成转折的意思，虽然Ehlers想哄劝狗，到他身边，帮助它，但是由于害怕，它跑
掉了。故选D。（转折关系；因果关系）
12. (2019·江苏) Born at an international crane foundation, Emma was raised by human caretakers. This led to an
unexpected consequence, though she had a wonderful time there. Emma had never taken herself as a crane and
become deeply attached to humans. She refused to live with male cranes, and even had a reputation for killing some
of them, which made it impossible for her to become a mother.
___46___, the two zookeepers didn’t want to see the extinction(灭绝)of this precious species. With their patience
and efforts, they successfully developed a combination of artificial breeding(人工繁殖)and natural reproduction.
46. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. However D. Instead
【答案】C
【解析】根据前文可知，Emma拒绝和雄鹤一起生活，甚至想要杀死它们，据此可以判断，这很难能让她
成为母亲；根据该句可知，这两位动物园员工不想看到这个珍稀物种绝迹，据此可知，空处前后文之间为
转折关系，However然而，表示转折，故选C。（转折关系）
13. 【2019·全国卷III】The 3,500 residents cannot all enjoy the sunshine at the same time. ___57___, the new
light feels like more than enough for the town’s sun-starved residents.
57. A. Instead B. However C. Gradually D. Similarly
【答案】B
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。A. Instead代替；B. However然而；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Similarly相似地。
前一句意思为并不是3500名居民都能同时享受到太阳光，后一句，新的光线为小镇人们的意义不仅仅提供
光线，故可知前后句属于转折关系，故选B。（转折关系）
练模拟---熟能生巧
I.微型完形填空
1.【2022届江苏省海安高级中学高三下学期5月阶段检测】The most important part of the technique was to
bring to life the vivid details of each stage, while also focusing on the __29__ that came with it. We were trained
to step into fear, doubt and learned to go beyond them, so that by the time we got onto the court, we were
grounded, confident and ready to play.
29．A．questions B．decisions C．feelings D．lessons
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：该技巧最重要的部分是把生动的细节，每个阶段的生活，同时也关注与它随之而来的感觉。A. questions问题；B. decisions决定；C. feelings感觉；D. lessons课程。此处填feelings
与下一句中的fear和doubt构成上下义关系。故选C。
2.【2022届江苏省海安高级中学高三下学期5月阶段检测】What I learnt most from this technique was that
winning games was important but how we appear to play was even more vital. And __33__ visualization was a
powerful way to see through to the goal , there were absolutely no shortcuts in the hard work of getting there.
33．A．unless B．as C．while D．if
33．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：虽然想象是一种看到目标的强大方式，但在达成实现目标的艰苦工作中
绝对没有捷径。A. unless除非；B. as正如；C. while虽然；D. if如果。逗号前面分句中的powerful和逗号
后面分句中的absolutely no形成意义上的转折，故此处需要填入能表达转折意义的连词，while意为“虽然，
尽管”，符合语境。故选C。
3.【2022届江苏省淮安市高三下学期5月模拟】When it came time for my sister and brother and me to attend
college, we were never told to limit our sights to a state school or other lower-cost options. ___31___, our parents
sent us to some of the best and most expensive schools in the country. Neither our father nor our mother ever
complained about the high tuition.
31．A．Otherwise B．Besides C．Instead D．However
31．考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，我们的父母把我们送到了国内最好、最昂贵的学校。A. Otherwise
否则；B. Besides此外；C. Instead相反；D. However然而。作者他们不需要在公立学校或其他学费低的学
校中做出选择，相反，父母送他们去了最好的学校。故选C。
4.【2022届江苏省淮州中学高三年级最后一卷（2）】Slowly it began to emerge and take shape. The end piece
was far from a ___34___ example of carving skills, but it taught me a most valuable lesson—not to give up and to
keep my self-doubt in control.
34．A．bad B．disappointing C．perfect D．puzzling
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后这件作品远非雕刻技艺的完美典范，但它教会了我最宝贵的一课
——不要放弃，控制住自己的自我怀疑。A. bad 坏的；B. disappointing 令人失望的；C. perfect 完美的；
D. puzzling令人困惑的。根据下文“but it taught me a most valuable lesson”可知，本句与下文形成转折，自
己的成品不是雕刻技艺完美的体现，但是给自己上了一课。故选C。
5.【2022届江苏省如东高级中学、姜堰中学、沭阳高级中学高三下学期4月份阶段性测试联考】This
incident reminded me that these are the times to have fun, and make memories, not stress about the unimportant
details. Looking back, the ten minutes I spent fearing my speech were really not worth it. ____54____ my first
period of high school may not have gone exactly the way I thought it would, Mrs. Hutfilz’s great sense of stylecertainly made the day unforgettable in the best way.
54．A．Until B．Since C．While D．If
54．考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然我的第一段高中生活可能并不像我想象的那样，但哈菲兹夫人的时尚
品味确实让那一天难以忘怀。A. Until直到；B. Since自从；C. While虽然；D. If如果。根据后文“my first
period of high school may not have gone exactly the way I thought it would”可知，引导让步状语从句，表示
“虽然”应用while。故选C。
6.【2022届江苏省新沂市第一中学高三下学期5月】 Every day he trained with the team. He worked harder
and ran more than any of the others—perhaps he sensed that the abilities that seemed to come naturally to so many
others did not come naturally to him. ___27___the entire team runs, only the top seven runners have the potential
to score points for the school. We didn’t tell him he probably would never make the team, so he didn’t know.
27．A．When B．Despite C．Although D．If
27．考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然全队都在跑，但只有前七名选手有潜力为学校得分。A. When当……
的时候；B. Despite尽管；C. Although虽然，尽管；D. If如果。由后文的“only the top seven runners have
the ______to score points for the school”可知，句子表示“尽管全队都在跑，但只有前七名选手有潜力为学
校得分”，空格处是“尽管”，Despite也可以表达转折，但是是介词，这里引导的是句子，用连词。故选
C。
7.【2022届江苏省新沂市第一中学高三下学期5月】He continued to run four to five miles a day, every day—
___30___the day he had a 103-degree fever.
30．A．though B．even C．ever D．even though
30．考查连词词义辨析。句意：他继续每天跑4到5英里，每天都是，即使是在他发高烧103华氏度的时
候。A. though虽然；B. even即使；C. ever曾经；D. even though虽然。由后文的“the day he had a 103-
degree fever”可知，他继续每天跑4到5英里，每天都是，即使是在他发高烧103华氏度的时候，故选B。
8.【江苏南通如皋中学2021-2022学年高三5月模拟】____27____having fewer customers, Yao is busier than
usual since it takes longer to take body temperatures, disinfect the packages and consult with customers about
designated (指定的) delivery times and locations.
27．A．Despite B．Beyond C．Plus D．Except
27．考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管顾客变少了，但姚比平时更忙，因为测量体温、给包裹消毒、咨询顾
客指定的送货时间和地点要花更长的时间。A. Despite尽管；B. Beyond超出；C. Plus外加；D. Except
除……外。根据空后“having fewer customers, Yao is busier than usual since it takes longer to take body
temperatures”可知，前后句意存在让步关系，应用介词despite。故选A。9.【江苏省徐州市第七中学2021-2022学年高三下学期4月学情调研】___26___, halfway down the street, she
realized that her best friend, Simmons, wasn't with them. Norwood ran back and found Simmons unconscious in
the back seat.
26．A．Besides B．Therefore C．Moreover D．However
26．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，走到半路时，她意识到她最好的朋友西蒙斯并没有和他们在一起。
A. Besides另外；B. Therefore因此；C. Moreover另外；D. However然而。由后文的“her best friend,
Simmons, wasn't with them”可知，此处描述的事情和前面是转折关系，表示“然而，她最好的朋友西蒙斯
并没有和他们在一起”，因此空格处是“然而”，故选D。
10.【内蒙古赤峰市 2021-2022 学年高三上学期期末】The COVID-19 pandemic (大流行病) put a lot of
celebrations on hold. During what seemed like an end to the pandemic, Dawn planned a birthday party 21
for her son JJ at a park with plenty of space to social distance.
21．A．outdoors B．upstairs C．indeed D．somewhere
【答案】A
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在疫情似乎已经结束的时候，道恩在一个公园为她的儿子JJ计划了一
个户外生日派对，公园里有足够的空间供社交媒体使用。A. outdoors在户外；B. upstairs楼上；C. indeed的
确；D. somewhere在某处。根据下文“at a park”可知，上文说的是在户外，故选A。此处outdoors和at a
park是从属关系。
II.完形填空【2022届江苏省南通市新高考基地学校高三第四次大联考】
It was a rainy, damp December day. I was headed to the store to pick up another week’s worth of ____ 1 ____ .
I kept the CD player on while I drove to avoid the radio news. It only spoke of the world’s huge problems and how
____ 2 ____ we all still were in Covid-l9. And it usually just left me feeling ____ 3 ____ .
Still, I gave my son a ____ 4 ____ to put in the charity kettle at the door to the store. We went in and soon
filled our cart with food. I ____ 5 ____ using the self-checkout machines. I much preferred to chat with the friendly
____ 6 ____ , but the line at them was five deep and I just didn’t have the ____ 7 ____ . Just then I heard the man at
the machine next to mine ____ 8 ____ . He only had a few items but every time he put his ____ 9 ____ twenty dollar
bill into the machine it spit it back out. I quickly _____ 10 _____ a newer twenty out of my wallet and gave it to
him. He thanked me with a _____ 11 _____ smile. I told him to keep his money but he _____ 12 _____ that l take
his old twenty.
After _____ 13 _____ I remembered something, Mother Teresa had once said about how we all can _____ 14 _____
the world. “Help one person at a time,” she said. “And always start with the person nearest you.” I smiled and wentoutside. Then I dropped that old twenty into the _____ 15 _____ and walked to my car.
1．A．food B．presents C．medicine D．books
2．A．motivated B．convinced C．divided D．impressed
3．A．confident B．energetic C．hesitant D．helpless
4．A．CD B．toy C．dollar D．ticket
5．A．suggested B．hated C．admitted D．denied
6．A．customers B．waiters C．managers D．cashiers
7．A．time B．energy C．chance D．right
8．A．praying B．complaining C．bargaining D．screaming
9．A．frozen B．folded C．broken D．wrinkled
10．A．pressed B．rolled C．grabbed D．directed
11．A．weak B．warm C．bitter D．false
12．A．insisted B．ensured C．begged D．ordered
13．A．looking out B．pulling out C．breaking out D．checking out
14．A．control B．protect C．change D．shock
15．A．store B．kettle C．pocket D．machine
【答案】1．A2．C3．D4．C5．B6．D7．A8．B9．D10．C11．B12．A13．D14．C15．B
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者在一次去商店买东西的时候，帮助了一个在自助结帐机结账
时遇到问题的人的故事。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我正要去商店买一星期的食物。A. food食物；B. presents礼物；C. medicine
药；D. books书。由第二段的“filled our cart with food”可知，作者是去商店买食物。故选A。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它只谈到了世界上的巨大问题，以及我们在Covid-l9中仍然有多么分歧。
A. motivated有……动机的；B. convinced确信的；C. divided分裂的；D. impressed印象深刻的。由“in
Covid-l9”可知，疫情下人和人之间比较疏远，因此空格处是“分裂的”。故选C。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这通常只会让我感到无助。A. confident自信的；B. energetic精力充沛的；
C. hesitant犹豫的；D. helpless无助的。由上文的“how ________ we all still were in Covid-l9”可知，疫情下
人和人之间比较疏远，所以让作者感到无助。故选D。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我还是给了儿子一美元，让他把慈善水壶放在商店门口。A. CD
光盘；B. toy玩具；C. dollar美元；D. ticket票。由后文的“put in the charity kettle”可知，是往慈善水壶里
捐钱，空格处是“美元”。故选C。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我讨厌使用自助结帐机。A. suggested建议；B. hated不喜欢；C. admitted承认；D. denied否认。由后文的“I much preferred to chat with the friendly _______”可知，作者不喜欢用自助
结帐机。故选B。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我更喜欢和友好的收银员聊天，但他们面前的队伍有五个人，我没有时间。
A. customers顾客；B. waiters服务生；C. managers经理；D. cashiers收银员。由上文的“I _______ using
the self-checkout machines”可知，作者不爱用自助结帐机，那就是喜欢和结账处的收银员聊天。故选D。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我更喜欢和友好的收银员聊天，但他们面前的队伍有五个人，我没有时间。
A. time时间；B. energy能量；C. chance机会；D. right权利。由上文的“the line at them was five deep”可知，
前面还有五个人排队，作者没有时间等。故选A。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，我听到旁边机器旁的人在抱怨。A. praying祈祷；B. complaining
抱怨；C. bargaining讨价还价；D. screaming尖叫。由后文的“He only had a few items but every time he put
his ____9____ twenty dollar bill into the machine it spit it back out”可知，那个人在抱怨自助结帐机把他塞进去
的钱退出来。故选B。
9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他只有几样东西，但每次他把那张皱巴巴的20美元钞票放进机器里，机
器就把钞票吐出来。A. frozen结冰的；B. folded折叠的；C. broken破碎的；D. wrinkled有皱纹的。由第12
空后的“his old twenty”和常识可知，塞进自助结帐机的钱如果是皱的，它就会把钱吐出来。故选D。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我赶紧从钱包里掏出一张新的20美元给了他。A. pressed按压；B. rolled
滚动；C. grabbed攫取；D. directed指导。由后文的“out of my wallet and gave it to him”可知，作者赶紧从
钱包里掏出一张新的20美元给了他，空格处是“攫取”。故选C。
11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他以温暖的微笑感谢我。A. weak虚弱的；B. warm温暖的；C. bitter苦
的；D. false错误的。由上文的“He thanked me”可知，那个人是以温暖的微笑感谢作者，故选B。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他把钱留着，但他坚持要我收下他那二十块钱。A. insisted坚决主
张；B. ensured确保；C. begged乞讨；D. ordered命令。由后文的“that l take his old twenty”可知，那人坚
持要作者收下他那二十块钱。故选A。
13．考查动词短语辨析。句意：结账离开之后，我想起了一件事，特蕾莎修女曾经说过，我们都可以改变
世界。A. looking out小心；B. pulling out撤离；C. breaking out爆发；D. checking out结账离开。由后文的
“Then I dropped that old twenty into the ________ and walked to my car”可知，作者是结完账离开的时候想起
了特蕾莎修女的话。故选D。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：结账离开之后，我想起了一件事，特蕾莎修女曾经说过，我们能如何改变
世界。A. control控制；B. protect保护；C. change改变；D. shock使震惊。由后文的“Help one person at a
time”可知，特蕾莎修女说的是我们能如何改变世界。故选C。15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我把那张旧的20美元钞票扔进水壶，然后走向我的车。A. store商店；
B. kettle水壶；C. pocket口袋；D. machine机器。由第4空后的“put in the charity kettle”可知，句子表示
“作者把那张旧的20美元钞票扔进水壶”。故选B。
