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考点8--说明文经典练
1.完形填空【2022届江苏省海安高级中学高三下学期5月阶段检测】
15 years ago, when I was playing basketball in one of Australia’s premier basketball leagues, I remember a
sports psychologist we had for the season. As young professional athletes with high egos (自我价值感), the team
were not quite convinced the techniques of psychology would __21__ performance, especially when it didn’t
involve using the physical strength and endurance needed to __22__ the weeks of training and games. I, __23__ ,
was interested.
We were trained in a visualization technique used before games. It involved moving ourselves into a
meditative (冥想的) state and taking ourselves on a journey into the __24__ to recreate the experience of a game,
From __25__ home, getting to the stadium, being in the change room, walking out onto the __26__ and then
finally visualizing how we would play and see ourselves __27__. The most important part of the __28__ was to
bring to life the vivid details of each stage, while also focusing on the __29__ that came with it. We were trained
to __30__ fear, doubt and learned to go beyond them, so that by the time we got onto the court, we were
grounded, __31__ and ready to play.
What I learnt most from this technique was that winning games was important but how we __32__ to play was
even more vital. And __33__ visualization was a powerful way to see through to the __34__ , there were
absolutely no __35__ in the hard work of getting there.
21．A．improve B．monitor C．measure D．maintain
22．A．compensate forB．prepare for C．tough out D．show up
23．A．in addition B．in other words C．as a result D．on the other hand
24．A．wild B．home C．history D．future
25．A．finding B．leaving C．moving D．missing
26．A．court B．street C．platform D．stage
27．A．learning B．winning C．waiting D．talking
28．A．subject B．match C．technique D．team
29．A．questions B．decisions C．feelings D．lessons
30．A．forget about B．drive away C．bring back D．step into
31．A．cheerful B．patient C．eager D．confident
32．A．aim B．appear C．continue D．promise
33．A．unless B．as C．while D．if34．A．solution B．goal C．truth D．background
35．A．shortcuts B．tools C．examples D．downsides
【答案】21．A22．C23．D24．D25．B26．A27．B28．C29．C30．D31．D32．B33．C34．B35．A
【解析】本文是说明文。作者在文中分享了篮球赛前心理学技巧对自己的积极影响。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一群年轻又自视甚高的职业运动员，大家都不太相信心理技术可以提
高成绩，特别是当它不需要动用身体力量和耐力来度过数周的训练和比赛时。A. improve改善；B. monitor
监控；C. measure测量；D. maintain维持。根据本句中的“young professional athletes with high egos”可知，
作为一群年轻又自视甚高的职业运动员，大家都不相信心理学技巧能够“提高（improve）”赛场上的表现。
故选A。
22．考查动词短语辨析。句意：作为一群年轻又自视甚高的职业运动员，大家都不太相信心理技术可以提
高成绩，特别是当它不需要动用身体力量和耐力来挺过数周的训练和比赛时。A. compensate for补偿；B.
prepare for为……准备；C. tough out挺过去，生活艰难；D. show up露面。根据常识可知，日复一日的训
练和打比赛需要强大的体力和耐力才能支撑下来，然而文中的心理学家让这些队员们使用心理学的办法来
应对。tough out意为“勇敢地承受，挺过去”，符合语境。故选C。
23．考查介词短语辨析。句意：另一方面（来说），我很感兴趣。A. in addition另外；B. in other words换
句话说；C. as a result结果；D. on the other hand另一方面，但是。根据上文中的“the team were not quite”
和后文“was interested”可知，对于这种心理技巧，作者与球队的其他成员的态度迥异。由此可知，此处需
要填入可表达这种转折的过渡语，on the other hand意为“另一方面（来说）（用于引出相对照的另一
点）”，符合语境。故选D。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它包括让我们自己进入冥想状态，并让我们自己踏上一段通往未来的旅程，
重新创造比赛的体验。A. wild荒野；B. home家；C. history历史；D. future未来。根据后文想象是如何打
球的，可知，这是一种视觉训练，在脑海中进行，创设未来比赛时候的场景，故future符合此处语境。故
选D。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从离开家，到体育场，到更衣室，走到球场，然后最终想象我们将如何打
球，看到我们自己赢球。A. finding找到；B. leaving离开；C. moving移动；D. missing错过。根据后文
“home, getting to the stadium”可知是离开家，故选B。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从离开家，到体育场，到更衣室，走到球场，然后最终想象我们将如何打
球，看到我们自己赢球。A. court球场；B. street街道；C. platform平台；D. stage阶段。根据上文“home,
getting to the stadium, being in the change room, walking out onto the”可知是在说明比赛前按时间逻辑顺序发
生的一系列动作，此处指走到球场应用court符合语境。故选A。27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从离开家，到体育场，到更衣室，走到球场，然后最终想象我们将如何打
球，看到我们自己赢球。A. learning学习；B. winning赢得；C. waiting等待；D. talking谈论。这一训练技
巧的目的是为了赢得比赛，应用winning。故选B。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：该技巧最重要的部分是把生动的细节，每个阶段的生活，同时也关注与它
随之而来的感觉。A. subject主题；B. match比赛；C. technique技巧；D. team队伍。此处对应上文中提到
的“a visualization technique”旨在介绍这种视觉技巧，本句在讲这项技巧（technique）的核心内容。故选
C。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：该技巧最重要的部分是把生动的细节，每个阶段的生活，同时也关注与它
随之而来的感觉。A. questions问题；B. decisions决定；C. feelings感觉；D. lessons课程。此处填feelings
与下一句中的fear和doubt构成上下义关系。故选C。
30．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们被训练去面对恐惧和怀疑，并学会超越它们，所以当我们来到球场上
的时候，我们已经脚踏实地，自信满满，准备好打球了。A. forget about忘记；B. drive away赶走；C. bring
back拿回来；D. step into进入。根据上下文语境“learned to go beyond them, so that by the time we got onto
the court, we were grounded … and ready to play”可知，此处是在说，我们在脑海中提前感知恐惧、疑虑这些
情感，并学会如何超越这些情感，这样等我们真正到了赛场上就能保持平衡心态，准备好打比赛了。step
into意为“进入，走进”，符合语境。故选D。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们被训练去面对恐惧和怀疑，并学会超越它们，所以当我们来到球场
上的时候，我们已经脚踏实地，自信满满，准备好打球了。A. cheerful快乐的；B. patient耐心的；C. eager
渴望的；D. confident自信的。本句探讨我们到了赛场上的心态准备，此处应填与grounded和ready意义相
近的词。confident符合语境。grounded为形容词，意为“理性的，理智的”。故选D。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从这种技术中学到的最多的是，赢得比赛很重要，但我们看来如何发挥
更重要。A. aim目的在于； B. appear显得，看来；C. continue继续；D. promise承诺。根据
上一段中的“We were trained to … fear, doubt and learned to go beyond them, so that by the time we got onto the
court, we were grounded, … and ready to play”可知，经过这种技巧的训练，我们有望赢得比赛，但我们以何
种精神状态出现在场上打比赛更重要。how we appear to play总结概括了上文中的we were grounded…and
ready to play。故选B。
33．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：虽然想象是一种看到目标的强大方式，但在达成实现目标的艰苦工作中
绝对没有捷径。A. unless除非；B. as正如；C. while虽然；D. if如果。逗号前面分句中的powerful和逗号
后面分句中的absolutely no形成意义上的转折，故此处需要填入能表达转折意义的连词，while意为“虽然，
尽管”，符合语境。故选C。34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然想象是一种看到目标的强大方式，但在达成实现目标的艰苦工作中绝
对没有捷径。A. solution解决方案；B. goal目标；C. truth真理；D. background背景。此处填goal指上一句
中的winning games。故选B。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然想象是一种看到目标的强大方式，但在达成实现目标的艰苦工作中绝
对没有捷径。A. shortcuts捷径；B. tools工具；C. examples例子；D. downsides缺点。此处填shortcuts与
hard work构成反义关系。作者在最后一句谈到这种视觉训练技巧对自己的影响：让作者意识到成功没有捷
径可走，唯有刻苦二字。故选A。
2.【2022届江苏省苏锡常镇四市高三教学情况调查（一）】
The Last Robot-Proof Job in America?
You can get most food, such as warm cookies or vodka, to your doorstep in minutes. But try getting a red
snapper (红鲷鱼). Until recently, if you could obtain it, it would likely have been pre-frozen and shipped in from
overseas.
A new tech startup is aiming to ______41______this situation. Based inside the Fulton Fish Market, a seafood
wholesale market, the startup, called FultonFishMarket.com, allows customers across the whole country, both
restaurants and individuals, to buy from the market. The fish is shipped ______42______, rather than frozen,
thanks to an Amazon advanced logistics system. Mike Spindler, the company’s C．E.O., said recently, “I can get a
fish to Warren Buffett, that’s as fresh as if he’d walked down to the pier (码头) and bought it that morning.”
There is one thing, ______43______, that the sophisticated logistics system cannot do: pick out a fish. If
Warren Buffett orders a red snapper, the company needs to ______44______ that his fish is actually red snapper,
and not some other. According to the ocean-conservation organization, more than 20% of the seafood in restaurants
and grocery stores in America is _____45_____. For this task, the company has employed Robert DiGregorio, a
forty-seven-year veteran of the business, who possesses a blend of judgement and _____46_____ knowledge that,
so far, computers have yet to replicate.
“_____47_____ the food-safety stuff, our business could be any market from the last three thousand years of
human history,” Spindler told me. He is experienced in the _____48_____ business. When he arrived at the fish
market in 2014, people were cautious. “They thought selling fish on the Internet was_____49_____.” DiGregorio
said, speaking for the fishmongers(鱼贩). “They didn’t see how it could possibly work.” Five years ago,
DeGregorio didn’t know how to use a computer, but when the Web-site people arrived at the market, he sensed an
opportunity. Together, they’ve created a human-machine fish-buying operation.
By 1 a.m. each night, the company collects _____50_____ from around the country and sends them toDiGregorio. He heads into the market, carrying his tablet computer. The company’s algorithms（算法）
_____51_____ data on their sources and can tell DiGregorio, for example, which stall to go to get the best tuna (金
枪鱼). The computer is a “learning system,”, so if DiGregorio makes a choice it didn’t _____52_____, it asks,
“Was the fish not available? Was it damaged?” All that information is fed back in for next time.
Then, what can a fishmonger see that a computer can’t? DeGregorio showed me his part of the _____53_____
process. “I’m assessing a few things,” he said. First, _____54_____. Fish should have “nice” slime(粘液). Then,
smell. He sniffed the air above the box. “when fish goes bad, it smells like ammonia.” Besides, to get the best stuff,
“Fishmongers have to have a relationship with you. To trust you.” He added.
Is he ever _____55_____being replaced by the learning system of computers? DiGregorio shrugged. “By the time
they invent a computer that can do what I can do,” he said, “I’ll be dead.”
41．A．maintain B．remedy C．substitute D．recognize
42．A．free B．overseas C．separate D．fresh
43．A．therefore B．otherwise C．however D．thus
44．A．ensure B．propose C．concede D．remind
45．A．overpriced B．misidentified C．displaced D．modified
46．A．computer B．cuisine C．fish D．marketing
47．A．Rather than B．Thanks to C．Except for D．Prior to
48．A．fund-raising B．online-grocery C．fish-selling D．non-profit
49．A．significant B．worthy C．responsible D．ridiculous
50．A．sales B．orders C．alternatives D．statistics
51．A．analyze B．supply C．prioritize D．feed
52．A．require B．process C．predict D．value
53．A．calculation B．decoding C．correction D．selection
54．A．smash B．touch C．wipe D．roll
55．A．concerned about B．eager for C．delighted with D．capable of
【答案】41．B42．D43．C44．A45．B46．C47．C48．B49．D50．B51．A52．C53．D54．B55．A
【解析】本文是说明文，介绍了一家公司是如何用人机结合的方式在网上卖新鲜的活鱼的。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一家新兴的科技公司正致力于解决这一问题。A. maintain维持；B. remedy
改进、解决；C. substitute替代；D. recognize认出。上文说你可以在几分钟内让你买的大多数食物，如热
饼干或伏特加，送到你家门口。但你买的红鲷鱼却不行，在根据空后的介绍可知此处是说一家科技公司正
努力解决这个问题，故B项正确。42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多亏亚马逊先进的物流系统，这些鱼不是冷冻的，而是新鲜的。
A. free自由的；B. overseas海外的；C. separate单独的；D. fresh新鲜的。根据空后的“rather than frozen”可
知，与“冷冻的”相对的自然是“新鲜的”，下文中的“fresh”也是提示，故D项正确。
43．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，有一件事是复杂的物流系统做不到的：挑选一条鱼。A. therefore因
此；B. otherwise否则；C. however然而；D. thus因此。上文介绍了这个物流系统的优点，此处介绍的是弊
端，前后是转折关系，故C项正确。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果沃伦巴菲特订购了红鲷鱼，公司需要确保他的鱼实际上是红鲷鱼，而
不是其他鱼。A. ensure保证、确保；B. propose建议；C. concede承认；D. remind提醒。上文说这个系统
不能挑选出顾客购买的鱼，所以公司需要确保顾客收到的是他购买的那种鱼，故A项正确。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在美国，餐馆和杂货店超过20%的海鲜被误认。A. overpriced要价过高；
B. misidentified识别错误；C. displaced转移；D. modified修改。下文说该公司聘请了具有丰富鱼类知识的
罗伯特迪格雷戈里奥来识别顾客购买的鱼的品种，因此此处是说餐馆和杂货店超过20%的海鲜被误认，故
B项正确。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了完成这项任务，该公司聘用了拥有47年丰富经验的罗伯特迪格雷戈里
奥，他兼具判断和鱼类知识，迄今为止，电脑尚未复制这些知识。A. computer电脑；B. cuisine烹饪；C.
fish鱼类；D. marketing市场营销。帮助识别鱼类自然是要掌握鱼类知识，故C项正确。
47．考查介词短语辨析。句意：除了食品安全方面的东西，我们的生意可以是过去三千年人类历史上的任
何市场。A. Rather than而不是；B. Thanks to多亏；C. Except for除了；D. Prior to先于。下文说2014年他
进入鱼市时，人们都很谨慎，他们认为在网上卖鱼是荒谬的，他们担心的是鱼的安全问题，因此此处是说
“除了食品安全”，故C项正确。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在网上杂货生意上很有经验。A. fund-raising筹集资金；B. online-grocery
网上杂货店；C. fish-selling卖鱼；D. non-profit非盈利。根据空后的“on the Internet”可知，他干的是网上
杂货生意，故B项正确。
49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2014年他进入鱼市时，人们都很谨慎，他们认为在网上卖鱼是荒谬的。
A. significant重大的；B. worthy值得的；C. responsible负责的；D. ridiculous荒谬的。空前说人们都很谨慎，
这说明他们认为在网上卖鱼听起来很荒谬，故D项正确。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天凌晨1点，该公司收集来自全国各地的订单，然后把它们发给迪格雷
戈里奥，他带着平板电脑进入市场。A. sales销售；B. orders订单；C. alternatives替代品；D. statistics统计。
在网上卖东西自然是要根据订单发货，故B项正确。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：该公司的算法分析数据来源，并可以告诉迪格雷戈里奥，例如，哪个摊位可以买到最好的金枪鱼。A. analyze分析；B. supply供应；C. prioritize优先考虑；D. feed喂养。根据空后
的“data on their sources”可知此处指“分析数据来源”，故A项正确。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以如果迪格雷戈里奥做出了一个它没有预料到的选择，它会问，鱼是不
是没有了?是损坏了吗?所有这些信息都将反馈给下一次。A. require要求；B. process处理；C. predict预测；
D. value重视。空前说电脑是一个学习系统，所以如果做出了一个它没有预料到的选择，它会问一些问题，
故C项正确。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：迪雷戈里奥向我展示了他在挑选过程中所扮演的角色。A. calculation计算；
B. decoding解码；C. correction改正；D. selection选择。上文说迪格雷戈里奥是负责正确挑出顾客订购的鱼，
因此此处指“挑选过程”，故D项正确。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，触摸，鱼应该有“好”的黏液。A. smash撞击；B. touch触摸；C.
wipe擦；D. roll滚动。空后说鱼应该有“好”的黏液，因此此处指“用手摸鱼”，故B项正确。
55．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：他但不担心被电脑学习系统取代？ A. concerned about担心；B. eager for
渴望；C. delighted with对……感到高兴；D. capable of能够。空后迪格雷戈里奥耸耸肩说“当他们发明一
台能做我能做的事情的电脑时，我就死定了”，因此此处指“是否担心被电脑学习系统取代”，故 A项正
确。
3.完形填空【江苏省苏州中学2021-2022学年高三上学期10月学业质量评估】
Football is the most watched and played sport in the world. English teams like Manchester United,
Liverpool,and Chelsea have a global appeal that has 21 them some of the most valuable brands in sport.
While the Premier League is one of the most popular league competitions in the world,the Champions League
claims the 22 as the most-watched annual sporting competition. Estimates sayit attracts 23 between
300 million and 800 million viewers each year.
This is all a far cry from football just 50 years ago. Here's 24 the sport has changed in the last half a
century.
Replica Shirts(仿制球衣）
If you're old enough to remember when England won the World Cup back in 1966,you may 25 that
most football fans attended matches in a shirt and jacket, many even wearing a tie.
Today, it is completely 26 . Go to any football game, at almost any level of the sport, and you'll see
almost every fan wearing the colors of their team. 27 will even spend a lot on a replica shirt.
That 28 started in the 1970s, as sportswear brands began to sign exclusive contracts with teams to
produce kits and sell replicas,though it took until the early 1980s for adults to begin regularly wearing replicas tomatches and they were still in the 29
It became more popular through the 1990s after clubs began to spot the 30 opportunity to sell
merchandise(商品）to fans.
TV
For a long time, the only way to watch football was at the stadium, though through the 1980s,more and more
games were shown on TV. However, it was the birth of the Premier League that really 31 this, 32
Sky Sports agreed to pay significantly more than any other broadcaster to air games in the UK.
Since then,TV money has helped to fund huge 33 in new talent, stadium upgrades,and other 34
to the sport. For example,the perfectly green grass is partly a result of wanting to make the game look better on
television, and wasn't commonplace back in 1970. Instead,patches of mud were very 35 on pitches(球场）．
21．A．made B．had C．built D．set
22．A．head B．title C．name D．news
23．A．nowhere B．anywhere C．everywhere D．somewhere
24．A．which B．how C．where D．what
25．A．remind B．require C．recall D．recommend
26．A．difficult B．easy C．the same D．different
27．A．Most B．Few C．None D．Everyone
28．A．color B．trend C．threat D．treasure
29．A．consideration B．control C．need D．minority
30．A．committed B．comprehensive C．commercial D．consistent
31．A．changed B．proved C．confirmed D．started
32．A．as B．but C．or D．though
33．A．investigation B．investment C．invention D．invitation
34．A．fashions B．trends C．improvements D．charges
35．A．frequent B．common C．unusual D．abnormal
【答案】21．A22．B23．D24．B25．C26．D27．A28．B29．D30．C31．A32．A33．B34．C35．B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了最近五十年足球在足球队服、人们观看比赛的方式的方面的变化。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：曼联(Manchester United)、利物浦(Liverpool)和切尔西(Chelsea)等英格兰球
队具有全球吸引力，使它们成为体育界最有价值的品牌之一。 A. made使成为；B. had有；C. built建造；
D. set设置。根据“them some of the most valuable brands in sport.”可知，吸引力使它们成为体育界最有价值
的品牌之一。故选A项。22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：英超联赛是世界上最受欢迎的联赛之一，而欧洲冠军联赛则获得每年观看
人数最多的体育赛事的头衔。A. head头；B. title头衔；C. name名字；D. news消息。claim the title表示获
得这个头衔，什么头衔呢？就是观看频率最高的节目。故选B项。
23．考查副词词义辨析。句意：据估计，它每年吸引大约3亿到8亿观众。A. nowhere任何地方都不；B.
anywhere任何地方；C. everywhere每个地方；D.somewhere一些地方，大约。根据“between 300 million
and 800 million viewers each year”可知，它每年吸引大约3亿到8亿观众。故选D项。
24．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：下面是这项运动在过去半个世纪如何变迁的。从下面的仿制球衣和后面
的电视观看可以看出，足球体育运动一直在变革，所以这里是随着时间的流逝，足球是如何变迁的。故选
B项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你的年龄足够大，还记得1966年英格兰赢得世界杯的情景，你可能会
记得，当时大多数球迷都穿着衬衫和夹克观看比赛，许多人甚至打了领带。A. remind提醒；B. require要
求；C.recall 回想起；D.recommend推荐。这里的recall 呼应前面的remember，表示你也许记得1966年大
部分球迷都是穿着夹克衫去看球赛，有的甚至打了领带。故选C项。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今天，情况完全不同了。A. difficult困难的；B. easy容易的；C. the
same相同的；D. different不同的。根据下文“Go to any football game, at almost any level of the sport, and
you'll see almost every fan wearing the colors of their team.”可知，今天，情况完全不同了。故选D项。
27．考查代词词义辨析。句意：今天大部分球迷都会穿本球队的仿制秋衣。A. Most大多数；B. Few 很少；
C. None没有人；D. Everyone每个人。今天大部分球迷都会穿本球队的仿制秋衣。这里的most 呼应前面的
almost every one。故选A项。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一趋势始于20世纪70年代，当时运动服装品牌开始与球队签订独家合
同。A. color颜色；B. trend趋势；C. threat威胁；D. treasure财富。根据上文“____7____ will even spend a
lot on a replica shirt.”可知这一趋势始于20世纪70年代。故选B项。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然在80年代早期，开始有一些成年人穿着仿制秋衣去观看球赛，但是这
种成年人还是少数。A. consideration考虑；B. control控制；C.need 需要；D.minority少数。根据“they
were still”可知，这种成年人还是少数。故选D项。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：20世纪90年代，俱乐部开始发现向球迷出售商品的商业机会后，这项
运动变得更加流行。A. committed尽心尽力的；B.comprehensive 全面的；C.commercial商业的；D.
consistent一致的。根据“sell merchandise(商品）to fans.”可知，20世纪90年代，俱乐部开始发现向球迷出
售商品的商业机会。故选C项。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，正是英超联赛的诞生真正改变了这一点，因为天空体育同意为英国的空中比赛支付比任何其他广播公司都要高的费用。A. changed改变； B. proved 证明是；C. confirmed
确定；D. started开始。根据“____12____ Sky Sports agreed to pay significantly more than any other
broadcaster to air games in the UK.”可知，然而，正是英超联赛的诞生真正改变了这一点。故选A项。
32．考查连词词义辨析。句意：然而，正是英超联赛的诞生真正改变了这一点，因为天空体育同意为英国
的比赛转播支付比任何其他广播公司都要高的费用。A. as因为； B. but但是；C. or或者；D. though尽管。
根据句意可知，本句为as引导的原因状语从句。故选A项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那时候起，来自电视的创收使得在各方面的投资成为可能，比如在投资
人才，体育馆的更新以及足球这项运动的改善。A. investigation调查；B. investment投资； C. invention发
明；D. invitation邀请。根据“fund”可知，从那时候起，来自电视的创收使得在各方面的投资成为可能。
故选B项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那时候起，来自电视的创收使得在各方面的投资成为可能，比如在投资
人才，体育馆的更新以及足球这项运动的改善。A. fashions时尚；B. trends 趋势；C. improvements提高；
D.charges收费。根据“in new talent, stadium upgrades”可知，比如在投资人才，体育馆的更新以及足球这项
运动的改善。故选C项。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，运动员在充满泥巴的球场中竞技更常见。A. frequent频繁的；B.
common常见的； C. unusual不寻常的；D.abnormal不正常的。根据“wasn't commonplace back in 1970.
Instead”可知，运动员在充满泥巴的球场中竞技更常见。故选B项。
4.完形填空【江苏省如皋市2021-2022学年高三英语第一学期教学质量调研（一）】
Bingley, a Sayre School student from America, decided that he would devote himself to studying the
environment to have a broad influence on the community.
To reduce the carbon footprint, Bingley planned to 21 enough solar energy to power the school's
science labs. Now his plan is set to happen. To fix 30 solar panels is 22 for late November, As he began his
research 23 solar energy, he discovered a useful phone app. By entering an address, he could find out how
much sunlight the 24 receives each day. Based on the data, he found that his school building was the best
position. At the suggestion of his science teacher, Debbie Wheeler, he first performed an energy 25 of the
science lab to see how much energy a typical lab uses per day. Then, he started his research, 26 a local
company of solar panels to do the job. He lacked money for starting the project, so he 27 Sayre's head to
support him after explaining the 28 of solar power for the school and community.
Since Sayre provided the 29 seed money to provide infrastructure and the purchase of one panel, the
project has 30 to include a total of 30 panels. They are expected to produce enough energy to 31 allthe science labs on campus.
“It feels like a dream to think that an idea I had from my AP Environmental class would have this kind of
32 ,” said Bingley, expressing gratitude for Wheeler's help. Wheeler said the success was due to Bingley's efforts
and 33 to follow through on the project from start to finish. “I've had other students talk about 34
initiatives (倡议) on campus, but Bingley had the persistence and courage to make it happen," she said.
Bingley said that he would 35 like to study environmental engineering at university.
21．A．explore B．invest C．produce D．switch
22．A．defined B．identified C．output D．scheduled
23．A．beyond B．on C．with D．through
24．A．location B．destination C．transmission D．occasion
25．A．surplus B．allowance C．budget D．calculation
26．A．employing B．contacting C．protecting D．urging
27．A．convinced B．demanded C．refreshed D．submitted
28．A．causes B．plots C．benefits D．origins
29．A．initial B．flexible C．optional D．sustainable
30．A．accumulated B．grown C．rewarded D．sponsored
31．A．decorate B．furnish C．run D．equip
32．A．influence B．criterion C．experience D．management
33．A．caution B．fraternity C．inspiration D．willingness
34．A．cultural B．environmental C．practical D．theoretical
35．A．casually B．deliberately C．eventually D．gradually
【答案】21．C22．D23．B24．A25．D26．B27．A28．C29．A30．B31．C32．A33．D34．B35．C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学生Bingley为了减少碳足迹，进行科学研究，在学校的资助下联
系太阳能板公司安装太阳能给学校科学实验室提供能量。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了减少碳足迹，Bingley计划生产足够的太阳能来给学校的科学实验室提
供能量。A. explore探索；B. invest投资；C. produce生产；D. switch转变。由下文“to power the school's
science labs”(给学校的科学实验室提供能量)可知，空处是生产足够的太阳能，故选C。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：要固定30个太阳能板被安排在11月底。A. defined定义；B. identified辨认
出；C. output输出；D. scheduled安排。由上文“his plan”(他的计划)可知，此处是表示计划，安排，故选
D。
23．考查介词词义辨析。句意：当他开始关于太阳能的研究时，他发现了一个有用的手机应用软件。A.beyond超过；B. on关于；在......上；C. with和；随着；D. through通过。由上下文“research________
solar energy”可知，此处表示关于太阳能的研究，故选B。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过进入一个地址，他能发现这个地方一天能照到多少太阳。A. location
位置；地点；B. destination目的地；C. transmission传递；发送；D. occasion场合。由上文“entering an
address,”(进入一个地址)可知，空处表示地方，故选A。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他科学老师Debbie Wheeler的建议下，他第一次计算了科学实验室的能
量来看一下一个典型的实验室每天能用多少太阳能。A. surplus剩余；B. allowance津贴；C. budget预算；
D. calculation计算。由下文“to see how much energy a typical lab uses per day.”(来看一下一个典型的实验室
每天能用多少太阳能)可知，为了看实验室要用多少能量，他是需要计算的，故选D。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他开始他的研究，他联系当地一个太阳能板公司来做这项工作。A.
employing雇佣；B. contacting联系；C. protecting保护；D. urging力劝；催促。由下文“He lacked money
for starting the project”(他缺钱来启动这个项目)可知，他没有钱启动项目，所以是联系太阳能板公司来做这
项工作，故选B。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他缺钱来启动这个项目，因此他解释了太阳能对于学校和社区有好处以此
来说服Sayre的上司来支持他。A. convinced说服；使确信；B. demanded命令；要求；C. refreshed更新；
使......恢复；D. submitted上交。由下文“Sayre's head to support him”(Sayre的上司来支持他)可知，他是说
服Sayre的上司来支持他，故选A。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他缺钱来启动这个项目，因此他解释了太阳能对于学校和社区有好处以此
来说服Sayre的上司来支持他。A. causes原因；B. plots情节；C. benefits好处；D. origins起源。由上下文
“so he___7_____ Sayre's head to support him after explaining the___8___of solar power for the school and
community.”可知，他通过解释太阳能对学校和社区的好处，以此来说服别人支持他，故选C。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：自从Sayre提供给他第一笔种子基金来提供基础设施和购买一个太阳能
板，这个项目已经扩大，总共包括30个太阳能板。A. initial最初的；B. flexible灵活的；C. optional选择的；
D. sustainable持续的。由下文“seed money”(种子基金)可知，这是第一笔钱，故选A。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从Sayre提供给他第一笔种子基金来提供基础设施和购买一个太阳能板，
这个项目已经扩大，总共包括30个太阳能板。A. accumulated积累；B. grown成长；C. rewarded酬谢；奖
赏；D. sponsored赞助。由下文“include a total of 30 panels”(总共包括30个太阳能板)可知，该项目已经扩
大，故选B。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们预计生产足够的能量来使学校的所有的实验室运行。A. decorate装饰；
B. furnish提供；供应；C. run跑步；（使）运行；经营；管理；D. equip装备；配备。由上文“They areexpected to produce enough energy ”(它们预计生产足够的能量)可知，太阳能板生产足够的能量，是要使学
校实验室能够运行下去。故选C。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bingley表达了对Wheeler的感谢，他说，我从AP环境课上想出的主意有
这种影响，这就像一个梦。A. influence影响；B. criterion标准；C. experience经验；经历；D. management
管理。由上文“produce enough energy to________ all the science labs on campus.”(生产足够的能量来学校的
实验室。)可知，Bingley的主意产生了影响，故选A。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Wheeler说成功是由于Bingley在进行这项项目时，从始至终都是努力的且
乐于坚持做这个项目。A. caution小心；谨慎；B. fraternity友爱；C. inspiration灵感；鼓舞；D. willingness
乐意。由下文“to follow through on the project from start to finish.”(自始至终都坚持做这个项目。)可知，
Bingley是乐意自始至终坚持做这个项目，故选D。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我已经让其他学生在校园谈论环境倡议，但是Bingley用坚持和勇气来
使这件事发生。A. cultural文化的；B. environmental环境的；C. practical实际的；实用的；D. theoretical理
论的。由第一段“he would devote himself to studying the environment to have a broad influence on the
community”(他会致力于他自己来学习环境以此来对社区产生广泛影响。)可知，Bingley进行的项目是有关
环境的，所以此处表示“环境倡议”，故选B。
35．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Bingley说他最终会想要在大学学习环境工程。A. casually随便地；B.
deliberately故意的；C. eventually最后；D. gradually逐渐。由上下文“he would________ like to study
environmental engineering at university”(他想要在大学学习环境工程）可知，环境工程是他最终想要学习的，
故选C。
5.【2022届江苏省连云港市高考考前模拟考试（一）】
As dawn breaks at the edge of the Sahara, Ibrahim and his wife Miriam are packing up their home. They and
other Tuareg ___1___ are moving to a new location. This routine is typical. Their life is one of ___2___.
There are nomadic (游牧的) people in Africa, Central Asia and above the Arctic Circle. Many ___3___ were
once nomadic, but these days the numbers are ___4___. It is not known how many Tuareg there are, but ___5___
range from 1million to 1.5 million.
Most of Tuareg lead a nomadic lifestyle based on trade and livestock, ___6___ goats, sheep, cattle and
camels. The men are sometimes called “Blue Men” because of their ___7___ blue clothing. The blue ___8___
protects their faces from the sun and sand. It also stains (染色) their skin and defines their unique ___9___.
The homes of the Tuareg are simple ____10____. They usually have a light wood frame and are ____11____
with animal skins or mats. This makes ____12____ easy to take the tent down and put it up. When a womanmarries, her family ____13____ a tent for her.
Nowadays, customs and traditions are ____14____. More and more nomadic people are starting to farm, or
moving to cities to work. But many Tuareg are still ____15____ their traditional way of life.
1．A．agencies B．families C．specialists D．relatives
2．A．campaign B．invasion C．movement D．passion
3．A．carriages B．creatures C．shelters D．cultures
4．A．bigger B．smaller C．stronger D．weaker
5．A．estimates B．discounts C．capacities D．responses
6．A．raising B．killing C．delivering D．removing
7．A．dramatic B．distinctive C．apparent D．historic
8．A．parcel B．skin C．wool D．cloth
9．A．tone B．zone C．privilege D．identity
10．A．houses B．tents C．cottages D．flats
11．A．equipped B．occupied C．covered D．armed
12．A．them B．what C．that D．it
13．A．makes B．rents C．irons D．sews
14．A．refreshing B．disappearing C．changing D．fading
15．A．keeping to B．adjusting to C．showing off D．allowing for
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍游牧民族的分布、生活方式、文化及习俗。
1．B他们和其他图阿雷格家庭正在搬到一个新的地方。A. agencies机构；B. families家庭；C. specialists专
家；D. relatives亲戚。根据“This routine is typical. Their life is one of .”可知，图阿雷格人习惯于
迁移，故推知，此处指许多爱迁移的图阿雷格家庭和Ibrahim一家一样，正在搬家。故选B。
2．C他们的生活是一种迁移。A. campaign运动；B. invasion入侵；C. movement迁移；D. passion热情。根
据“They and other Tuareg are moving to a new location. This routine is typical.”可知，他们总是搬
到新地方，这是典型的惯例。故推知，他们习惯于迁移，他们的生活是一种迁移。故选C。
3．D曾经有许多游牧民族的文化，但如今数量越来越小。A. carriages四轮马车；B. creatures生物；C.
shelters避难所；D. cultures文化。根据“There are nomadic (游牧的) people in Africa, Central Asia and above
the Arctic Circle.”可知，游牧民族遍布在非洲，中亚及北极圈上，故推知，这些地区记录着游牧民的生活和
他们留下文化。故选D。
4．B曾经有许多游牧民族的文化，但如今数量越来越小。A. bigger更大的；B. smaller更小的；C. stronger
更强壮的；D. weaker更虚弱的。根据“Many were once nomadic”及“but”可知，曾经的游牧文化有很多，but表示转折，前后意义相反，故推知，现在数量变得越来越少。故选B。
5．A目前尚不清楚有多少图阿雷格人，但估计范围在100万到150万之间。A. estimates估计；B. discounts
折扣；C. capacities容量；D. responses回答。根据“range from 1million to 1.5 million”可知，此处指所估计
的人数范围。故选A。
6．A图阿雷格的大多数人都过着以贸易和牲畜为基础的游牧生活方式，饲养山羊，绵羊，牛和骆驼。A.
raising饲养；B. killing杀；C. delivering运送；D. removing移开。根据“Most of Tuareg lead a nomadic
lifestyle based on trade and livestock”及“goats, sheep, cattle and camels”可知，图阿雷格的大多数人养牲畜，
故推知，此处列举的动物是他们所饲养的。故选A。
7．B这些男人有时被称为“Blue Men”，因为他们独特的蓝色服装。A. dramatic戏剧性的；B. distinctive独
特的；C. apparent明显的；D. historic历史性的。根据“The blue protects their faces from the sun
and sand. It also stains (染色) their skin and defines their unique .”可知，此处介绍蓝色衣服独特的作
用，故选B。
8．D蓝色的布可以保护他们的脸免受阳光和沙子的伤害。A. parcel包裹；B. skin皮肤；C. wool木头；D.
cloth布。根据“The men are sometimes called “Blue Men” because of their blue clothing.”可知，本
段描述的是蓝色衣服及其特点，故推知，此处指蓝色衣服的布料可以防阳光和防沙。故选D。
9．D它还将他们的皮肤染色，并定义他们独特的身份。A. tone音调；B. zone区域；C. privilege特权；D.
identity身份。根据“The men are sometimes called “Blue Men” because of their blue clothing.”可知，
人们因为穿蓝色衣服及被衣服染蓝，所以被叫作“Blue Men”，故推知，蓝色衣服定义了他们的身份。故选
D。
10．B图阿雷格人的家是简单的帐篷。A. houses房子；B. tents帐篷；C. cottages小屋；D. flats公寓。根据
下文“This makes easy to take the tent down and put it up.”可知，上下文内容一致，本段描述的是
图阿雷格人居住的帐篷。故选B。
11．C它们通常有一个轻木框架，并覆盖着动物皮或垫子。A. equipped配备；B. occupied占据；C. covered
盖；D. armed备战。根据“They usually have a light wood frame”及“with animal skins or mats”及“This
makes easy to take the tent down and put it up.”可知，此处描述帐篷的建造，并介绍帐篷容易搭建
和拆除。故推知，简单的搭建指的是：将动物皮和垫子盖在轻木架子上。故选C。
12．D这样很容易拆掉帐篷和搭建帐篷。A. them他们；B. what什么；C. that那个；D. it它。根据“make”
及“easy to take the tent down and put it up”可知，此处考查it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式。故选D。
13．A当一个女人结婚时，她的家人会为她做一个帐篷。A. makes制作；B. rents租；C. irons熨；D. sews
缝。根据“They usually have a light wood frame and are with animal skins or mats. This makeseasy to take the tent down and put it up.”可知，帐篷很容易被搭建，故推知，女孩出嫁，家人会为她制作帐篷。
故选A。
14．C现如今，习俗和传统正在改变。A. refreshing更新；B. disappearing消失；C. changing改变；D.
fading逐渐消失。根据“More and more nomadic people are starting to farm, or moving to cities to work.”可知，
越来越多的游牧民离开之前的生活环境，搬到城市工作。故推知，他们需要适应城市的新生活方式，所以
习俗和传统会改变。故选C。
15．A但许多图阿雷格人仍然坚持他们传统的生活方式。A. keeping to坚持；B. adjusting to调节；C.
showing off炫耀；D. allowing for考虑。根据“More and more nomadic people are starting to farm, or moving
to cities to work.”及“But”可知，but表示转折，前后两句语意相反。故推知，虽然越来越多的游牧民离开
之前的生活环境，搬到城市工作，但他们仍坚持传统的生活方式。故选A。
6.阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It is a common case that most people think a holiday requires a huge amount of preparation. However, a short
day ____16____ can be just as refreshing as a long one. A short day’s drive or walk can be the channel that
transports you into a ____17____ and casual world, where you can recall your childhood and enjoy your favourite
songs. ____18____, a day trip can be a wonderful way to ____19____ the stresses of routine existence while
feeding the soul.
You may be surprised to see how many day-trip possibilities ____20____ within a mere hour’s time from
your home. Forests, lakes and mountains can serve as the perfect spots for a short ____21____ because the
physical and mental transformation in an attractive setting is ____22____ by deep thinking and breathing, or just
being still with ____23____.
I have numerous ways to ____24____ make up for the promise of my low-carbon life while still seeing to the
_____25_____ of myself on a soul level. However, my _____26_____ to environmental well-being causes me to
hesitate before using my car. So I cut my drive trip to a day.
Since day trips tend to require much _____27_____ investments of time and money than traditional outings, I can
get _____28_____ travel experience day by day. On the weekend, I may be motivated to _____29_____ a vast
state park to get to know wildlife. On another, my curiosity can inspire me to visit a(n) _____30_____ site to learn
about ancient artists. Each mini trip will fill my existence with a sense of rebirth that prepares me for whatever lies
ahead.
16．A．tour B．drama C．graph D．policy
17．A．tense B．light C．limited D．complicated18．A．In turn B．In return C．In brief D．In advance
19．A．mind B．add C．recognize D．lessen
20．A．disappear B．recover C．exist D．cycle
21．A．issue B．holiday C．breath D．drive
22．A．developed B．interrupted C．misunderstood D．frozen
23．A．relatives B．friends C．nature D．reality
24．A．effectively B．roughly C．partly D．rarely
25．A．reputation B．discipline C．needs D．disadvantages
26．A．solution B．success C．access D．commitment
27．A．bitter B．smaller C．clearer D．fuller
28．A．shallow B．blank C．miserable D．extensive
29．A．establish B．explore C．imagine D．inspect
30．A．entertaining B．financial C．political D．historical
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是一日游和长途旅行一样能让人精神振奋，它不仅能缓
解人们日常生活的压力，同时又能抚慰人们的心灵。
16．A然而，短的一日游可以像长途旅行一样让人耳目一新。A. tour旅游；B. drama戏剧；C. graph图表；
D. policy政策。根据下文“a day trip can be a wonderful way to ________ the stresses of routine existence while
feeding the soul.”可知，此处指的是一日游。故选A。
17．B短短的一天的车程或步行就可以将你带入一个轻松随意的世界，在那里你可以回忆起你的童年，欣
赏你最喜欢的歌曲。A. tense紧张的；B. light轻松的；C. limited有限的；D. complicated复杂的。根据空后
的“and”可知，空处和“casual”表达内容相似。这里指一天的车程或步行可以将你带入一个轻松随意的世
界。故选B。
18．C简而言之，一日游可以是一个很好的减轻日常生活压力的方式，同时也能滋养灵魂。A. In turn 轮流；
B. In return作为回报；C. In brief简而言之；D. In advance提前。根据下文“a day trip can be a wonderful
way to ________ the stresses of routine existence while feeding the soul.”可知，此处是简而言之说明了一日游
的好处。故选C。
19．D简而言之，一日游可以是一个很好的减轻日常生活压力的方式，同时也能滋养灵魂。A. mind介意；
B. add增加；C. recognize认出；D. lessen减轻。根据上文的“a wonderful way”以及“casual world”可知，
此处指的是减轻压力。故选D。
20．C你可能会惊讶地发现，在离家仅仅一个小时的时间里，就有那么多一日游的可能性。A. disappear消失 ；B. recover恢复；C. exist实际上有；D. cycle骑自行车。根据下文“Forests, lakes and mountains can
serve as the perfect spots for a short ________”可知，此处是存在很多可能性。故选C。
21．B森林、湖泊和山脉可以作为一个短假期的完美地点，因为在一个迷人的环境中，身体和精神的转变
是通过深度思考和呼吸，或只是与静静地亲近自然来实现的。A. issue问题；B. holiday假期；C. breath呼
吸；D. drive驾驶。根据第一段“It is a common case that most people think a holiday requires a huge amount of
preparation.”可知，此处指的是假期的地点。故选B。
22．A森林、湖泊和山脉可以作为一个短假期的完美地点，因为在一个迷人的环境中，身体和精神的转变
是通过深度思考和呼吸，或只是与静静地亲近自然来实现的。A. developed发展、养成；B. interrupted打断；
C. misunderstood误会；D. frozen结冰。通过下文“by deep thinking and breathing”可知，此处是通过深度思
考和呼吸来实现这种转变。故选A。
23．C森林、湖泊和山脉可以作为一个短假期的完美地点，因为在一个迷人的环境中，身体和精神的转变
是通过深度思考和呼吸，或只是与静静地亲近自然来实现的。A. relatives亲戚；B. friends朋友；C. nature
自然；D. reality现实。根据上文“Forests, lakes and mountains”可知，这些都是自然界的景观，所以这里指
的是亲近自然。故选C。
24．A我有很多方法可以有效地弥补低碳生活的承诺，同时也能在灵魂层面上满足自己的需要。A.
effectively有效地；B. roughly粗略地；C. partly部分地；D. rarely几乎不。根据下文“However, my
________ to environmental well-being causes me to hesitate before using my car. So I cut my drive trip to a day.”
可知，作者通过少开车来有效完成对环保的承诺。故选A。
25．C我有很多方法可以有效地弥补低碳生活的承诺，同时也能在灵魂层面上满足自己的需要。A.
reputation名声；B. discipline纪律；C. needs需求；D. disadvantages缺陷。根据下文“on a soul level.”可知，
是精神层面的需求。故选C。
26．D然而，我对环保的承诺使我在使用我的汽车前犹豫。A. solution解决方法；B. success成功；C.
access进入，使用；D. commitment投入，承诺。根据上文“the promise of my low-carbon life”可知，这里指
的是对环保的承诺。故选D。
27．B一日游比传统的郊游需要的时间和金钱要少得多，我可以每天获得丰富的旅行经验。A. bitter味苦的；
B. smaller更少的；C. clearer更清晰的；D. fuller更满的。根据下文的“traditional outings,”以及上文可知，
一日游比传统的郊游需要的时间和金钱要少得多。故选B。
28．D由于一日游比传统的郊游需要的时间和金钱要少得多，我可以每天获得丰富的旅行经验。A. shallow
肤浅的；B. blank空白的；C. miserable悲惨的；D. extensive广泛的、丰富的。根据下文“Each mini trip
will fill my existence with a sense of rebirth that prepares me for whatever lies ahead.”可知，随着时间的流逝，旅行经验也越来越丰富。故选D。
29．B周末的时候，我可能会有动力去探索一个巨大的州立公园，了解野生动物。A. establish成立；B.
explore探索；C. imagine想象；D. inspect视察。根据下文的“a vast state park to get to know wildlife.”可知，
此处是去探索公园才能了解野生动物。故选B。
30．D另一方面，我的好奇心可以激励我去参观一个历史遗址，了解古代艺术家。A. entertaining有趣的；
B. financial金融的；C. political政治的；D. historical历史的。根据下文“to learn about ancient artists.”可知，
作者是参观历史遗址，才能了解古时候的艺术家。故选D。
7.【2022年浙江省二模】
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
China’s cultural relic protection has made progress, but many problems still exist and need to be solved. China
has made over 30 ____31____ based on the law of cultural relic protection.
China has also ____32____ four international agreements concerning cultural relic protection and investment
in cultural relic protection has also ____33____.
Statistics show that from 2000 to 2005 when China carried out its 10th FiveYear Development Plan, total
investment in the field ____34____ 7.889 billion yuan. With financial support from government, China also
started a nationwide campaign to search and ____35____ cultural relics in 2003.
China has so far included a total of 2,351 cultural relic sites and 518 intangible (无形的) cultural relics on the
____36____ of national protected items. Recovery and protection have been ____37____ on important cultural
relic sites such as the Potala Palace in Tibet and the Palace Museum in Beijing.
Chinese museums have developed well in recent years. China has more than 2,300 museums that ____38____
about 150 million people annually.
However, cultural relics in China now face great ____39____. Many historic cities have been ____40____.
Illegal trade and smuggling (走私) activities have not been forbidden, which has led to the loss of national treasures
overseas. ____41____, many important cultural relic sites have disappeared or are hard to pass on because of too
much exploration and improper use. And cultural relics ____42____ by minority ethnic groups have lost their
character due to the ____43____ lifestyle of the people.
Therefore, we should keep our mind clear and take ____44____ to better protect cultural relics, and ____45____
the whole society to take part in this cause.
31．A．reforms B．principles C．agendas D．rules
32．A．formed B．organized C．joined D．banned33．A．improved B．increased C．promoted D．dismissed
34．A．arrived B．expected C．reached D．jumped
35．A．protect B．bless C．collapse D．reserve
36．A．list B．record C．file D．case
37．A．carried out B．laid out C．brought out D．put out
38．A．submit B．attract C．acknowledge D．satisfy
39．A．chances B．opportunities C．pressures D．challenges
40．A．missed B．disappeared C．lost D．destroyed
41．A．In summary B．What’s worse C．However D．Therefore
42．A．collected B．bought C．held D．discovered
43．A．occupied B．harmonious C．changing D．widening
44．A．notice B．turns C．advantage D．measures
45．A．encourage B．consult C．command D．assign
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。中国的文物保护工作取得了一定的进展，但仍存在许多问题需要解决。
文章主要介绍了中国对文物保护所付出的一些努力以及现在仍然面临的一些挑战。
31．D中国根据《文物保护法》制定了30多条条例。A. reforms改革；B. principles原则；C. agendas议程；
D. rules条例，规则。根据后文“based on the law of cultural relic protection”可知根据《文物保护法》制定了
30多条条例。故选D。
32．C中国还加入了四个有关文物保护的国际协定，文物保护投资也增加了。A. formed构成；B. organized
组织；C. joined加入；D. banned禁止。结合后文“four international agreements concerning cultural relic
protection”可知中国加入了四个有关文物保护的国际协定。故选C。
33．B中国还加入了四个有关文物保护的国际协定，文物保护投资也增加了。A. improved改善；B.
increased增加；C. promoted促进；D. dismissed开除。由后文的“7.889 billion yuan”可知，中国在文物保护
领域的投资增加。故选B。
34．C据统计，从2000年到2005年中国第十个五年发展规划，该领域的总投资达到78.89亿元。A. arrived
到达（某地）；B. expected期待；C. reached达到；D. jumped跳跃。根据后文“7.889 billion yuan”可知，
此处指达到多少钱，应用reach。故选C。
35．A在政府的财政支持下，中国还于2003年启动了一项全国性的文物搜寻和保护运动。A. protect保护；
B. bless保佑；C. collapse倒塌；D. reserve预定。根据第二段的“cultural relic protection”可知国家启动了文
物保护运动。故选A。36．A截至目前，中国已将2351处文物古迹和518处非物质文化遗产列入国家重点保护目录。A. list目录，
清单；B. record记录；C. file文件；D. case情况。根据后文“of national protected items”可知指列入国家重
点保护目录。故选A。
37．A对西藏布达拉宫、北京故宫博物院等重要文物古迹进行了恢复和保护。A. carried out实行；B. laid
out摆出；C. brought out使显示；D. put out扑灭。由上文的“Recovery and protection”和后文的“on
important cultural relic sites”可知，是对西藏布达拉宫、北京故宫博物院等重要文物古迹实行了恢复和保护，
空格处是“实行”，故选A。
38．B中国有2300多个博物馆，每年吸引约1.5亿人参观。A. submit提交；B. attract吸引；C. acknowledge
承认；D. satisfy满足。根据后文“about 150 million people annually”可知指吸引1.5亿人来参观。故选B。
39．D然而，中国的文物现在面临着巨大的挑战。A. chances机会；B. opportunities机遇；C. pressures压力；
D. challenges挑战。根据后文“Illegal trade and smuggling activities have not been forbidden”可知本段主要是
在说明文物面临的挑战（如非法贸易和走私等）。故选D。
40．D许多历史名城被毁。A. missed错过；B. disappeared消失；C. lost失去；D. destroyed破坏。本段主要
是在说明文物面临的挑战，可知此处是指历史名城遭到毁坏的情况。故选D。
41．B更糟糕的是，因为过分勘探和利用不当，许多重要的文物古迹已经消失或难以传承。A. In summary
总之；B. What’s worse更糟糕的是；C. However然而；D. Therefore因此。结合后文“many important
cultural relic sites have disappeared”可知此处指比前面提到的非法贸易和走私更遭的情况，空格处是“更糟
糕的是”，故选B。
42．C少数民族拥有的文化遗产也因为人们生活方式的改变而失去了它们的特性。A. collected收集；B.
bought购买；C. held拥有；D. discovered发现。根据前后文语境“cultural relics___12__by minority ethnic
groups”可知指少数民族拥有的文化遗产，应用hold。故选C。
43．C少数民族拥有的文化遗产也因为人们生活方式的改变而失去了它们的特性。A. occupied忙于……的；
B. harmonious和谐的；C. changing变化中的；D. widening不断扩大的。由上文的“have lost their character”
和后文的“lifestyle of the people”可知，少数民族拥有的文化遗产也因为人们生活方式的改变而失去了它们
的特性，空格处是“变化中的”，故选C。
44．D因此，我们应该保持清醒的头脑，采取措施更好地保护文物，并鼓励全社会参与到这项事业中来。
A. notice通知；B. turns拐弯；C. advantage优点；D. measures措施。根据后文“to better protect cultural
relics”可知指采取保护文化的措施。take measures to do“采取措施……”。故选D。
45．A因此，我们应该保持清醒的头脑，采取措施更好地保护文物，并鼓励全社会参与到这项事业中来。
A. encourage鼓励；B. consult咨询；C. command命令；D. assign布置。结合后文“whole society to take partin this cause”可知不仅要采取措施，还要鼓励全社会的参与。故选A。
