04 人与社会之社会服务与人际沟通
Passage 1
（2019·全国·高考真题）“You can use me as a last resort(选择), and if nobody else
volunteers, then I will do it.” This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for
volunteers for my kids’ lacrosse(长曲棍球) club.
I guess that there’s probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around
stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and
tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about
the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on … At this point the unwilling parent speaks
up, “Alright. Yes, I’ll do it.”
I’m secretly relieved because I know there’s real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities
among many. The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects
money for end-of-season gifts. Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an
invaluable member of the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are
relieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can
be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.
Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That
relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more:
Connecting to the community(社区) as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services
provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.
In that sense, I’m pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I’d freely like to
admit. However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter
where my motivation lies?
1．What can we infer about the parent from her reply in paragraph l？
A．She knows little about the club.
B．She isn’t good at sports.
C．She just doesn’t want to volunteer.
D．She’s unable to meet her schedule.
2．What does the underlined phrase “tug at the heartstrings” in paragraph 2 mean?A．Encourage teamwork.
B．Appeal to feelings.
C．Promote good deeds.
D．Provide advice.
3．What can we learn about the parent from paragraph 3?
A．She gets interested in lacrosse.
B．She is proud of her kids.
C．She’ll work for another season.
D．She becomes a good helper.
4．Why does the author like doing volunteer work?
A．It gives her a sense of duty.
B．It makes her very happy.
C．It enables her to work hard.
D．It brings her material rewards.
Passage 2
（22-23 高一上·天津·期末）Did you ever have to say “no” to somebody? Such as a
classmate who asks to go to lunch with you? New research suggests that, at least socially, a
rejection (拒绝) should not include an apology. In other words, saying you are sorry does not
make the person being rejected feel any better. In fact, it might make the rejected person feel
worse. That is surprising. Many people consider it to be good manners to say they are sorry when
they turn down a request.
Gili Freedman is doing some related research at Dartmouth College. For her research, she
asked over 1,000 people to respond to different examples of social rejection. In one example, the
researchers asked people for their reaction after a person named Taylor asked to join a co-worker
who went out to lunch every Friday. And Taylor was told “no”. But in some cases, the person
rejecting Taylor offered an apology. In other cases, the people doing the rejection did not say they
were sorry. People were asked how they would feel if they were being turned down, just as Taylor
was. Most said they would be more hurt by a rejection with an apology than a rejection without an
apology.Freedman said the reason is that apologies make people feel like they need to say that the
rejection was okay — even when they felt like it was not okay. Rejection without an apology lets
them express their feelings of disappointment, hurt or anger more easily. Freedman also said that
an apology often makes the person doing the rejection feel better — even as it makes the person
being rejected feel worse.
Her research deals only with social communication. A business situation might be very
different. “If a manager rejects a job interviewee or a boss must tell an employee that he or she is
being fired from a job,” Freedman said, “reactions to apologies may be different.”
5．Why do people say they are sorry when they express rejection?
A．Because they think it is more polite and acceptable.
B．Because they think it helps them express their dislike better.
C．Because they think apologies are the basis of communication.
D．Because they think it sounds more comfortable for the listener.
6．In Gili Freedman’s research, over 1,000 people ________.
A．rejected others without an apology
B．offered an apology when rejecting others
C．would be more hurt by a rejection with an apology
D．were asked to answer the question in different situations
7．What role does an apology play in rejection according to Feedman?
A．It makes the rejection more acceptable.
B．It makes a good impression on the listener.
C．It makes the communication more pleasant.
D．It makes the person doing the rejecting feel better.
8．What will be mentioned (提及) next according to the last paragraph?
A．The effect of an apology during a rejection.
B．Gili Freedman’s research on business situations.
C．A rejection with an apology in a business situation.
D．The difference between a social situation and a business one.
9．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．Rejections with apologies make people feel better.
B．Rejections shouldn’t include an apology.C．Rejections should be expressed in a polite way.
D．Rejections with apologies are easy to accept.
Passage 3
（20-21高一下·全国·期末）You wake up in the morning. The day is beautiful and the
plans for the day are what you have been looking forward to for a long time. Then the telephone
rings, you say hello, and the drama starts. The person at the other end has a depressing(令人沮丧
的）tone in his voice as he starts to tell you how terrible his morning is and that there is nothing to
look forward to . Are you still in a wonderful mood? Impossible!
Communicating with negatice(消极的）people can w out your happiness . It may not
change what you think , but communicating long enough with them will make you fee depressed
for a moment or a long time.
Life brings ups and downs, but some people are stuck in the wrong idea that life has no
happiness to offer . They only feel glad when they make others feel bad . No wonder they can
hardly win others' pity or respect.
When you communicate with positive people, your spirit stays happy and therefore more
positive things are attracted. When the dagger(匕首）of a negative person is put in you,you have
the heavy feeling that all in all, brings you down.
Sometimes we have no choice but to communicate w negative people . He / She could be a
co-worker , or a relative . In this case, speak as little as possible. Sometimes it feels good to let out
your anger back to the negative person, but that will lower you to the same negative level and they
won't feel ashamed of themselves about that.
Negativity often affects happiness without even being realized. The negative words of
another at the start of the day can cling to(附着）you throughout the rest of your day,which makes
you feel bad and steals your happiness. Life is too short to feel negative.Stay positive and avoid
negativity as much as possible.
10．What's the purpose of the first paragraph?
A．To make a comparison .
B．To offer an suggestion.
C．To introduce a topic.D．To describe a daily scene.
11．How can negative people affect on us?
A．By influencing our emotion .
B．By telling us the nature of life
C．By changing our ways of thinking.
D．By comparing their attitudes to life with ours.
12．What do some negative people base their happiness on?
A．Other people's pity for them
B．Making other people unhappy.
C．Building up a positive attitude
D．Other’s people’s respect for them
Passage 4
（23-24高二上·全国·课后作业）Amy Carter-James is small, blue-eyed and blonde, with
a friendly smile. She doesn’t look like she could change the lives of thousands of people but,
clearly, she has.
It all started when Amy took a gap year in Africa after she finished university. “I spent eight
months volunteering in a very poor countryside school in Kenya,” she says. “That was the first
time I saw poverty. I was so young and so easily inspired and I thought, ‘Why can’t tourism do the
same thing for community development?’”
On her return to England, 22-year-old Amy and her boyfriend Neal decided to take “the
road less travelled”. They drove across Mozambique, one of the poorest countries in Africa, but it
wasn’t exactly a holiday. Mozambique had two qualities which appealed to them: great potential
as a travel destination and local people who desperately needed help. Once there, the couple got
off the beaten track and headed for Quirimbas National Park, where they found a tiny stretch of
white sand close to a village named Guludo. Life in Guludo was hard: there was little clean water
and not enough food. Healthcare was poor and people in the village had a life expectancy of 38
years. Amy and Neal had no qualifications in tourism or healthcare but they had common sense,
enthusiasm and determination. They talked to the villagers about their plan to create a small beach
resort, which would provide employment for people so that they could have a better life. Theresponse from the villagers was extremely positive. Their only question was: “When can you
start?”
The couple set to work on a beach lodge, building beach huts from local materials and
employing people from the surrounding area. Once the lodge was complete, they set up a
charitable foundation called NEMA, which received 5% of its revenue. This money was used to
create clean water points, fund healthcare projects, build two primary schools and support
conservation projects—it helped to improve the lives of thousands of people. “We wanted to show
the world the power of tourism, that it could be a vehicle for change,” says Amy.
It isn’t easy to get to this village. It’s not a typical package holiday with airport pick-ups
and drop-offs. There’s no public transport, either. The nearest city is about 260 kilometres away
and once there, you have to take a boat or go on a three-hour car journey along badly maintained
roads. But the village lodge is worth the effort. Today the lodge has nine beach huts, with beautiful
sea views. There are no overpriced gift shops and other tourist traps. It’s the perfect place to take
time out, escape the crowds and soak up the sun. Visitors can see the sights—explore the island
nearby with a tour guide, go scuba diving or observe African wildlife. But the highlight for many
is getting to know people in the village, taking part in festivals and learning about NEMA’s work.
“People who stay with us often come for the diving or the beach,” says Amy, “but it’s the
communities that really blow them away.”
Amy and Neal are not alone: all over the world, similar community-based tourism projects
are being set up. This new concept is changing tourism and recreation, one lodge at a time.
Here is the fruit of their efforts:
NEMA in numbers
2new primary schools
150 secondary school scholarships
800 primary school meals
8,000 mosquito nets
Clean water for 15,000 people
13．The couple have decided to travel to Mozambique, because___________.
A．they have never been to this tourist attraction before
B．this place both boasts beautiful scenery and warm locals
C．they want to aid poor people in need when having a tripD．they want to develop their personal community career.
14．Which of the following has the closest meaning to the phrase “off the beaten track” in
Paragraph3?
A．The road pressed down by people’s footsteps.B．The road where few people travel and
know.
C．The road which is being changed at times. D．The road which doesn’t deserve
people’s attention.
15．Which of the following CANNOT be inferred according to the passage?
A．People are surprised at the living standard of Mozambique.
B．The funds raised by NEMA will be used to improve locals’ livelihood.
C．Now Mozambique has grown out of poverty due to people’s help.
D．Mosquito nets are daily necessities in local people’s life.
16．What is the best title of the passage?
A．A Small Step Makes a Huge Difference.B．A Road Less Travelled.
C．A Decision Between Life and Death. D．A Travel Worth Investing In.
Passage 5
（22-23 高一上·湖南长沙·阶段练习）Stefany Bibb has been a teacher at the John F.
Kennedy High School for over twenty years. She is also the person who started the school’s
Kindness Club.
Members of the Kindness Club are made up of students in every grade. The aim is to help
students and spread kindness. Students who’re in the Kindness Club frequently hold the door open
politely for others, welcome other students and teachers every morning, and focus on being
respectful and helpful.
“I like to make people smile, because it lights up my world and I know it makes them feel
warm inside, too,” said Aniyah Cox, a tenth-grader who’s a member of the Kindness Club.
Recently, Bibb led students from the Kindness Club to paint stones with messages of
generosity. They also spent time at school making a special garden for these stones outside the
teaching building.
The Kindness Rock Garden is decorated with colorful pinwheels (风车) that blow in thewind. On the lawn (草坪), there are painted stones of many sizes and shapes, many of them with
encouraging messages or creative designs.
Students can even keep the stones with them for up to one week before returning them to the
garden, and if a student wants to keep them for more time, they get to paint another stone to
replace the one they took.
“You can also pass your rock down to your friends, so you can make their day,” Aniyah said.
The garden is just another way the Kindness Club can help with putting smiles on other
people’s faces. And Bibb hopes the kindness can be passed on to their home life as well.
“Nothing they have done is because of me,” Bibb said. “They’re naturally kind. What we
have achieved is thanks to their kindness. How amazing they are! I’m just like, here, do what you
do.”
17．Stefany Bibb set up the Kindness Club to________.
A．cheer up those in difficulties B．help people and pass on kindness
C．enrich students’ school life D．teach students how to make friends
18．What did students from the Kindness Club do recently?
A．They passed messages of generosity on to other students.
B．They decorated the teaching building with painted rocks.
C．They built a garden for the stones they painted.
D．They replaced the stones in the school with ones designed by themselves.
19．Which of the following can replace the underlined words?
A．Get them out of trouble. B．Improve their confidence.
C．Make them happy. D．Ease their stress.
20．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．Bibb doesn’t think students could have done a good job without her help.
B．Bibb is very surprised to see how kind her students are.
C．Bibb believes that it is important to teach students to be kind.
D．Bibb thinks the success of the Kindness Club is due to students’ natural kindness.
