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Unit 6 语法篇
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理解并掌握动词不定式的用法
动词不定式
1. 动词不定式的构成
不定式的基本形式为：to+
动词原形
，有时可以不用to，这里的to 是不定式符号，本身无词义，
动词不定式的否定形式是not+
（
to+
）动词原形
。
2. 动词不定式的句法功能
功
能
例句
说明
主
语
To speak English is not easy for us=It is not easy for us to
speak English. 讲英语对我们来说不容易。
作主语用的不定式，常常用it
作形式主语，而把不定式放在
后面。
表
语
My work is to clean the room everyday.=To clean the
room every day is my work. 我的工作就是每天打扫这间
屋子。
多数情况下，不定式作表语，
可转换作为主语。
宾
语
—What sports does he like to play?他喜欢做什么运动？
—He likes to play basketball.他喜欢打篮球。
只能做某些动词的宾语，一般
不作介词的宾语。
宾
补
My mother made me play the piano all the time.
我妈妈让我一直弹钢琴。
在make，let，see，hear，watch
等使役、感官动词后，不定式
省略to。
定
语
Have you got anything to say? 你有要说的吗？
不定式作定语，要放在所修饰
词的后面。
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状
语
I'm sorry to trouble you.（表原因）很抱歉，给你添麻
烦了。
I went to the library to study English.（表目的）
不定式作状语，其逻辑主语要
和句子的主语一致。
(1).不定式作主语
动词不定式作主语时，常用it 作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末,其结构为：
It+be+adj.（+ for/ of sb.）+动词不定式
例如：To learn English well is useful.→ It is useful to learn English well. 学好英语是有用的。
It’s important for us to protect the environment. 对于我们来说，保护环境是重要的。
注意：在kind，good，nice，clever 等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用for 而用of。例如：
It’s very kind of you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好了。
It’s very clever of you to do like that. 你那样做真是太聪明了。
(2). 不定式作宾语
① 有些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的，如：
would like, like, want, wish, hope, decide, plan, expect 等。
例如：Would you like to see a film this evening? 你今晚想去看电影吗？
② 在find, think 后跟不定式作宾语时，常用it 代替，而将真正的宾语放在后面。
例如：I find it easy to read English every day. 我发现每天读英语很容易。
③ 常见的一些不带to 的动词不定式
Why not do..., Why don't you do..., had better（not）do..., would rather do, could/would/will
you please（not）do...
例如：I would rather stay in the room.我宁愿待在房间里。
(3). 不定式作宾语补足语
不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。例如：
Lucy asked him to turn down the radio. 露西让他关小收音机。
tell, ask, want, allow, get,
warn,
would like, encourage
后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。
例如：My mother encourages me to learn Japanese. 我妈妈鼓励我学日语。
注意：一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补，这时不定式要省略to。这些动词有：
一感（feel）、二听（hear, listen to）、三让（let, make, have）、四看（look at, see,
watch, notice）。但变被动语态时，必须加上to。
例如：My friends were made to work the whole night by the boss.
老板让我的朋友们工作了一整夜。
(4).不定式作定语
①不定式作定语时，应放在名词之后。它与名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。
②如果是不及物动词，且与所修饰的词之间有动宾关系，要在不定式后加上适当的介词。
There is nothing to worry about. 没有什么可担心的。
(5).不定式常和疑问词what, which, when, where, how 连用，相当于一个宾语从句。例如：
The teacher is telling the students what to do. 老师正告诉学生们做什么。
He didn't know where to go. 他不知道去哪里。
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1. We hope _________the Great Wall next time.
A. visit B. to visit
C. will visit
D. visiting
2. Mum always tells us_________water in daily life.
A. to waste B. not to waste C. not to save D. save
3. ---Do you climb the mountains every day?
--- Yes, ________a little exercise. I’m so out of shape.
A. getting B. get
C. got D. to get
4. She was very glad_________her old friend again.
A. to see B. seeing
C. saw D. see
5. He has ________study hard, but he didn’t keep it.
A. promised
B. promises to
C. promised to D. promises
6. The policeman warned the children _________on the busy street.
A. don’t play B. no playing C. not to play D. play
7. The news made all of us _____________.
A. feel happy B. to feel happy C. feeling happy D. felt happy
解析：
1. hope 希望，后面宾语用动词不定式，hope to do sth.希望做某事，题意为“我们希望下次游览长
城。”故选B。
2. tell sb. to do sth. 动词不定式的否定为“not to do”根据题意“妈妈总是跟我说在日常生活中
不要浪费水”故选B。
3. 根据上文问题“你每天都爬山吗？” 下文为“是的，______我身材太走样了。”很容易判断出
每天爬山的目的是为了锻炼身体，动词不定式作目的状语，故选D。
4. be glad to do sth. 形容词后加动词不定式表示原因，题意为“再次见到她的老朋友她非常高
兴”，故选A。
5. promise 后面宾语用动词不定式，该题为现在完成时，题意为“他承诺要努力学习，但没有遵
守”故选C。
6. warn 后面宾补用动词不定式，warn sb. to do sth. 告诫某人某事，warn sb. not to do sth. 警告
某人不要做某事，题意为“警察警告小孩不要在繁华的街道上玩耍”故选C。
7. make 宾补用省去to 的动词不定式，即，make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事，使某人做某事”，故
选A。
答案：
1-5 BBDAC 6-7 CA
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基础演练
一、单项选择
1. The teacher told the children_________quiet in the museum.
A. keep B. kept C. keeping D. to keep
2. Don’t forget ________thanks when other people help you.
A. accept B. to accept C. say D. to say
3. Water Park is a good place________.
A. to have fun B. have fun C. having fun D. to have a fun
4. Drivers shouldn't be allowed ________after drinking, or they will break the law.
A. drive B. driving C. to drive D. driven
5. ---I feel a bit hungry now.
---Why not _______for dinner with us?
A. go B. did you go C. to go D. do you go
二、根据句意，用括号中动词的适当形式填空
1. Tom______ ______ ______hard. (decide; study)
2. Alice is______ ________ _______ a new car. (plan; buy)
3. We ________________him some books yesterday. (agree; lend)
4. She often_______us ________ shopping with her. (ask; go)
5. The teacher always _________the students ________ a lot in class. (make; laugh)
巩固提高
一、根据句意用所给单词的恰当形式填空
1. She worked hard_________(help) a lot of people.
2. I’m sorry ___________(hear) that bad news.
3. He was made__________(clean) the street three times a day.
4. To give is better than____________(receive).
5. I cannot find room___________(stand)in the bus in the rush hour.
二、根据中文提示完成句子
1. 河水过去很脏，但是现在很干净。
The river_________________dirty. But it’s very clean now.
2. 他很自豪能成为一名篮球运动员。
He is________________________________________.
3. 他太兴奋了以至于说不出话来。
He was_______excited _______________________say a word .
4. 现在城市里越来越多的成年人花费空闲时间到大学去努力提高自己。
Now more and more city adults__________________improve themselves at college.
5. 幸运的是，他母亲很耐心，没有放弃帮助他。
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_______, his mother was very __________and didn’t ___________________.
6. 我们正计划去北京，但还没有决定何时去。
We are___________Beijing, but we haven’t __________________________.
7. 由于昨晚外面太吵，我们都发现很难入睡。
Because it was too noise last night, we all found________________________.
8. 他在听力方面有障碍。
He____________________________________________________________.
9. 多么令人悲伤的消息啊！数以千计的人在尼泊尔地震中丧生。
__________sad news! _____________people ____________ in the earthquake in Nepal.
10. 姚明的人格帮助他赢得了球迷的尊重。
Yao Ming’s personality ________him ______________________________.
答案
基础演练
一、单项选择
1-5 DBACA
二、根据句意，用括号中动词的适当形式填空
1. decided to study 2. planning to buy 3. agreed to lend 4. asks; to go 5. makes; laugh
巩固提高
一、根据句意用所给单词的恰当形式填空
1. to help 2. to hear 3. to clean 4. to receive 5. to stand
二、根据中文提示完成句子
1. used to be
2. proud to be a basketball player
3. so; that he couldn’t
4. spend their free time trying to
5. Luckily; patient; give up helping him
6. planning to go to; decided when to go
7. it difficult to fall asleep
8. has(had) difficulty in listening
9. What; Thousands of; lost their lives
10. helped; win his fans’ respect
一、单项选择
1. Dick asked his brother__________him to do his homework.
A. helps B. helped C. to help D. has helped
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2. We don't know ________ it next. Let’s go and ask Mr. Li.
A. what to do B. to do what C. whether to do D. to do whether
3. It’s twelve o’clock. It’s time___________lunch.
A. have B. to have C. had D. having
4. My dad usually stops ______a newspaper on his way after work.
A. to buy B. buying C. bought D. buy
5. Our teacher often tells us _______enough sleep every day.
A. have B. had C. to have D. having
6. He was wearing a pair of sunglasses and I didn’t _______ him at first.
A. advise B. promise C. recognize
D. hear
7. ________the teachers in the school is one hundred, and________of them are women teachers.
A. A number of; four fifth
B. The number of; four fifth
C. A number of; four fifths
D. The number of; four fifths
8. Thanks to the robots, the human reporters do not have to spend a lot of time_______ boring
numbers and information.
A. processing B. to process C. processed D. process
9. I hope__________the farm this summer holiday.
A. visit B. to visit C. visiting D. visits
10. The building_________Tony talked about is the Capital Museum.
A. who
B. whom C. which D. whose
二、完形填空
Parents can be a great example for their children. A man always stands out on different corners of our
city. He holds a sign that
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“Will work for food for my family”.
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I don’t have too much
money to help him. Many times my mom is with me and she makes me pull over(停车) and she will 3
him some money.
Tonight, I was on my way to the store to get
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when I saw the man. My daughter and her
friend were waiting in the car. We all felt so
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that this man was standing out in the cold, wet
weather. Many people say that he should be able to work. Either way, I don’t feel it is my place to
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. As I was sharing that feeling with my daughter and her friend, I decided that I needed to
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this
man. For one I wanted to show the girls the importance of helping others, and not worrying whether they
were trying hard or not.
I believe that if he is standing out on different corners all day and night, 8
the weather is, he
must really need the help.
So, when we pulled over to give him some money, I said, “God bless you,” and he said it back to us.
We got him a hot chocolate and a hamburger because we were worried about him being
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. He was
so sweet and very thankful.
All of us left with smiles, especially me! Because, as we were pulling away, the girls were talking
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about ways they could
1 0
money to help him and others like him. It was the best trip I had ever
made to get milk!
1. A. writes
B. notices
C. reads
D. calls
2. A. Normally
B. Gradually C. Curiously D. Luckily
3. A. lend
B. hand
C. promise
D. allow
4. A. chocolate
B. hamburger
C. bread
D. milk
5. A. comfortable
B. dangerous
C. awful
D. strange
6. A. park
B. live
C. sit
D. judge
7. A. leave
B. help
C. refuse
D. teach
8. A. whatever
B. however
C. wherever
D. whenever
9. A. helpless
B. eager
C. tired
D. cold
10. A. raise
B. borrow
C. lose
D. waste
答案
一、单项选择 1-5 CCBAC 6-10 CDABC
二、完形填空1-5 CABDC 6-10 DBADA
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
一、单项选择
1. ---Have a nice trip!
---Thanks. I’ll call you as soon as I ______there.
A. will arrive B. was arriving C. arrive D. arrived
2. ---Your English is so good.
---Thank you. I _______it since I was six years old.
A. learn B. have learned C. will learn D. learned
3. I_________ the newspaper and didn’t find anything interesting.
A. looked through B. looked after C. tried on D. tried out
4. ---What are you looking for?
---My car key. Idon’t remember ______________yesterday.
A. where will I put it B. where did I put it
C. where I put it D. where I will put it
5. ---______I ask you a question, Mr. Green?
---Yes, please.
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A. Must B. Should C. Need D. May
(附：单选1-5, 北京市西城区2014—2015 学年度第一学期期末试卷九年级英语)
二、阅读理解
A
Have you ever heard the saying “Don’t rest on your laurels”? “Laurels” means the achievements (业
绩) you have already got. The saying suggests that you shouldn’t be so satisfied with your achievements
that you’ll no longer try to improve.
As to this saying, Mike Perham has set (树立) us a good example. Mike Perham was born in 1992 in
Hertfordshire, England. Mike started sailing (航行) at the age of seven. When he was 14 years old, he
sailed across the Atlantic Ocean, he became the youngest person to sail across the Atlantic Ocean. You
might think the achievements are good enough, but Mike doesn’t think so. At the age of 17, he became the
youngest person to sail all by himself around the world on a nine-month voyage (航海).
Mike is now 19, and he is still trying his best to break the records and push himself further. For his next
dream, he plans to fly around the world on his own, making him the first person of all ages to both sail and
fly around the world.
Mike wants his achievements to encourage young people to realize their dreams. Since his adventures, he
has travelled widely, and he gives speeches at schools and youth (青年) clubs in the UK, Hong Kong and
Australia on the theme (主题) of “Live the Dream”.
1. Where was Mike born?
A. In America.
B. In England.
C. In Hong Kong.
D. In Australia.
2. When did Mike sail across the Atlantic Ocean?
A. At the age of 14.
B. At the age of 17.
C. At the age of 19.
D. At the age of 7.
3. What’s Mike’s new dream?
A. He plans to fly around the world.
B. He wants to fly to the Atlantic Ocean.
C. He plans to give speeches at schools.
D. He wants to join youth clubs.
4. What did Mike encourage young man to do?
A. To travel in the world.
B. To get great achievements.
C. To realize their dreams.
D. To set others a good example.
B
A mother wanted to encourage her son to play the piano. She bought tickets to the concert of a great
pianist. When the evening arrived，they found their seats near the front of the concert hall and looked at
the big piano waiting on the stage(舞台). Soon the mother found a friend to talk to and her son ran off.
At eight o’clock, the lights in the hall became weak, and the concert was set to start. The mother began
to look for the boy. Then, she saw her 6-year-old son on stage. He was on the piano bench playing Twinkle,
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Twinkle Little Star.
The mother was very amazed. Before she could get her son back, the famous pianist himself was on
the stage and quickly moved to the piano.
“Don’t stop. Keep playing,” he said kindly to the boy. The great pianist reached down with his left
hand and began filling in the bass (低音部) part of the song. Soon, his right arm reached around the other
side and played a beautiful piece of music. Together, the old pianist and the little boy impressed people
with their beautiful music.
In all of our lives, we receive helping hands — some we notice, some we don’t. Equally we ourselves
also have lots of chances to give a helping hand to others — sometimes we want people to know,
sometimes we don’t. Little of what we all achieve comes without others’ help. What we receive we should
give back.
5. The mother took her son to the piano concert because _____.
A. her friend sent them two tickets
B. the pianist invited them there
C. she wanted to develop his interest in piano
D. her son liked the pianist very much
6. When the mother found her son playing on stage, she felt _____.
A. happy B. encouraged C. interested D. surprised
7. What did the pianist ask the boy to do?
A. To go back to his mother. B. To keep playing the piano.
C. To play the bass part of the song. D. To watch him play instead.
8. What does the story tell us?
A. It is good to give a helping hand to others.
B. Great people always like to help others.
C. It is important to give a child a lesson on stage.
D. A mother should take good care of her child.
C
On March 3, 1887, the lives of two amazing women were changed forever when Anne Sullivan, a poor
university graduate, arrived at the home of the wealthy Keller family to teach their six-year-old daughter
Helen. It was a difficult job as Helen was unable to see, hear or speak because of illness.
Anne had been suggested to the Kellers by her university professor, a close friend of Mr. Keller.
Before she arrived, Anne expected her new pupil to be a quiet, weak child. But Helen was nothing like that.
When Anne first walked through the Kellers’ door, the energetic Helen nearly knocked her over in her hurry
to feel Anne’s face, clothing and bag.
Helen was used to visitors bringing her sweets, and angrily tried to force open Anne’s case to take her
candy. But Anne calmed her down by allowing Helen to play with her watch. So began one of
the most successful student-teacher relationships in history.
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Anne Sullivan was only twenty years old when she began teaching Helen. She had to not only teach
the child all the usual school subjects, but also control Helen’s sometimes wild behaviour. Her well-
meaning parents allowed Helen to do as she liked at home. Realizing that such an environment was
unsuitable for learning, Anne requested that she and Helen live in a small house nearby.
As soon as Helen began learning, it became clear that she was especially intelligent. She quickly
learned to read and write, and by the age of ten she could also speak.
In 1900, Helen started studying at Radcliffe University, and graduated first in her class in 1904. She
was the very first blind and deaf person to get a university degree. How did she do it Anne Sullivan read all
of Helen’s books and then signed the information into her hand. Anne remained at Helen’s side until her
death in 1936. Helen became a world-famous writer, and fought for disabled people’s rights until her death
on Jun 1, 1968.
9. How did Anne come to work at the Kellers’ home ?
A. She replied to a job advertisement.
B. She was introduced by her family friend.
C. she was recommended by her university professor.
D. She met Mr. Keller while studying at university.
10. What surprised Anne most about Helen when they first met?
A. How intelligent Helen was. B. Helen gave Anne a gift.
C. The way Helen’s parents treated her. D. How forceful Helen was.
11. According to the passage, Helen’s parents______.
A. allowed her to do as she wished B. gave her too many gifts and sweets.
C. did not spend much time with her D. cared little about her education.
12. Which of the following is NOT true about Helen’s university studies
A. She was greatly helped by Anne. B. She was the best student in her class.
C. She was able to graduate in three years. D. She was the first deaf and blind university
graduate.
13. According to the passage, both Anne and Helen____
A. died in their 60s B. were well educated
C. came from rich families D. fought for human rights
答案
一、单项选择 1-5 CBACD
二、阅读理解 (A) 1-4 BAAC
(B) 5-8 CDBA
(C) 9-13 CDACB
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