【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
满分练(五) 阅读理解+七选五阅读
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2024 湖南岳阳二模)
Rewards at West Exe School
West Exe School is a fully inclusive comprehensive secondary school.Listed below are
the ways the school celebrate success with students,parents and staff during the academic
year.
Merit Badges
Merit Badges are awarded in line with the student qualities.E.g.,when a student reaches
200 merits in a semester for being kind,they receive their kind merit badge.The West Exe
shield is awarded to students who have achieved all six merit badges.
The Golden Ticket
Every two weeks,all members of staff have a “Golden Ticket” which they can award to
any student who has displayed what the student qualities stand for.There will be a bi-weekly
focus on one of the student qualities as positive reinforcement.The golden tickets awarded are
then placed in a prize draw,for prizes suggested by the student body.
Punctuality Award
Students who are on time for every lesson across the week will be entered into a prize
draw.This is to promote the importance of punctuality in school and in life.
Headteacher Reward
Headteacher Reward is given to students who have been nominated(提名) by staff
members every month for demonstrating the qualities,behaviors and values of what it means
to be an exceptional West Exe Student.They are also awarded to students who have shown
exceptional achievement,either in school or as part of an extracurricular activity.This includes
a certificate and pen,with a letter going home to parents to share news of the young person’s
achievement.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了West Exe School 的几个奖项。
1.Which of the following rewards is given most frequently?
A.Merit Badges.
B.The Golden Ticket.
C.Punctuality Award.
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
D.Headteacher Reward.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。题目询问最频繁的奖励是什么。Merit Badges 是“in a semester”;The
Golden Ticket 是“Every two weeks”;Punctuality Award 是“across the week”;Headteacher
Reward 是“every month”,故选C 项。
2.What do we know about Headteacher Reward?
A.All staff members can be nominated for the award.
B.Students rewarded will receive a certificate and a letter.
C.Parents of the students awarded will be honored with a letter.
D.Only students making outstanding achievements in school can be awarded.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据Headteacher Reward 部分的最后一句“This includes a certificate
and pen,with a letter going home to parents to share news of the young person’s
achievement.”可知,学生的父母会收到学校的一封表扬孩子的信。故选C 项。
3.Where is the text probably taken from?
A.A school website.
B.A news report.
C.A travel leaflet.
D.A book review.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Listed below are the ways the school celebrate
success with students,parents and staff during the academic year.”可知,文章介绍的是West
Exe School 的几个奖项,所以文章应该来自学校网站。
B
(2024 山东泰安二模)
It’s been nearly seven years since a group of volunteers broke ground at What Cheer
Flower Farm in Providence,Rhode Island,with a simple goal:get flowers into the hands of
anyone in need of a pick-me-up.Best of all,each one of the tens of thousands of bouquets that
What Cheer grows and delivers are completely free of charge.
“We want to blanket the state with flowers and create happiness and joy,” says Erin
Achenbach,What Cheer’s farmer and head florist.
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
What Cheer regularly delivers joy to people at local hospitals,food banks,senior
centers,recovery centers and more—including AIDS Care Ocean State,which provides
support to those affected by HIV.
“Seeing the smiles on people’s faces who weren’t expecting it—who just came in to
have a meeting with their case manager or take advantage of one of our programs—to just see
this glow come off their faces is great,” says Stephen Hogan Jr.from AIDS Care Ocean State.
Located in Providence’s industrial Olneyville neighborhood,What Cheer’s flower beds
lie on 2.7 acres that once housed a knife factory.And it’s safe to say that the What Cheer crew
is deserving of some flowers of their own:In May,the nonprofit was awarded a record-high
$500,000 grant from the Environmental Protection Agency for its continued revival of a land
once abandoned because of industrial pollution.
“Not only do we give this space back to the neighborhood by bringing life to space
that’s quite literally dead,” says Achenbach,“but we’re an eco-landing spot with the ability to
help local insect and bird populations,and that’ll only make people’s lives better.” What
cheer,indeed!
“What’s good about a flower is that it doesn’t need anything else,” she adds.“Your only
job when someone gives you flowers is to enjoy them.”
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一群志愿者在罗德岛的What Cheer
Flower Farm 开始了土地开垦,他们的目标是把花送到任何需要好心情的人手中。
4.What was the original purpose of What Cheer?
A.To donate money to those in need.
B.To present people with flowers for free.
C.To protect the surrounding environment.
D.To develop new flowers and distribute them.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。由文章第一段内容可知,What Cheer 最初的目的是向需要的人免费
赠送鲜花。
5.Why could What Cheer obtain a high grant?
A.It ranked as the local largest flower bed.
B.It helped patients recover from illnesses.
C.It delivered remarkable joy to local people.
D.It was transformed into an eco-friendly area.
答案 D
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【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
解析 细节理解题。由文章第五段中的“And it’s safe to say...because of industrial
pollution.”可知,What Cheer 能获得高额资助是因为它将一片因工业污染而被废弃的土地
转变成了环保区域。
6.What can be inferred from Achenbach?
A.The success of What Cheer can’t be copied.
B.What Cheer improves the well-being of locals.
C.What Cheer attempts to return the land to locals.
D.Enjoying flowers should be advocated every day.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段内容可知,What Cheer 不仅给社区带来了生机,还
成了对当地昆虫和鸟类种群有帮助的生态栖息地,这将使人们的生活变得更好,可以推断
出,What Cheer 提高了当地居民的福祉。
7.Which of the following does the experience of What Cheer convey?
A.Still water runs deep.
B.Think twice before acting.
C.God help those who help themselves.
D.The roses in her hand;the flavor in mine.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。通读全文,尤其是由文章前两段可知,What Cheer 的经历传达了一个
信息:通过将废弃的工业用地转变为对环境有益的花田,并为人们带去快乐,它体现了
“予人玫瑰,手留余香”的精神。因此,选项D 最能体现这种给予奉献的美好寓意。故
选D 项。
C
(2024 广东广州二模)
My father started learning French at 57,drawn by the potential benefits of
bilingualism(双语能力) in delaying dementia(失智症).Now,20 years later,he’s on his third
teacher.Many people like my father have attempted to pick up a new language.But can this
really boost brain health?
According to experts,regularly using a new language brings cognitive(认知) benefits.If
you’re trying to recall the right words in another language,your brain is forced to inhibit your
mother tongue.This process,called cognitive inhibition,helps improve your brain
function.Repeating this process makes your brain more resistant to diseases like
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
dementia.The more you challenge your brain,the better it functions,even if your brain health
starts to decline.
However,evidence for the benefits of learning a second language in your 60s is
weaker.Research by Dr.Leo Antoniou found that older Italians who took English lessons for
four months didn’t see any difference in their cognition scores,but people who didn’t saw
their scores decline.Prof.Diana Smith’s 2023 studies found similar results.
Researchers offered a few potential explanations for their disappointing results.One is
that the participants were highly motivated volunteers,probably of high cognitive level for
their age,making it hard to see any improvements.“When choosing participants,we have to be
careful,are they really representative of the population?” said Dr.Judith Ware.Another is that
the language interventions were perhaps too short.These studies have used language lessons
that “were very different in their length and frequency,” said Prof.Laura Grossman.
To Dr.Antoniou,the limited findings are not entirely surprising.No one would say that
learning a new language for six months would be the same as having used two languages for
your entire life.But he does think that language lessons can provide cognitive benefits by
being cognitively stimulating.
Perhaps more important,Prof.Grossman said,learning another language offers other
potential advantages,like traveling or connecting with new communities.My father,for
example,has remained pen friends with his first teacher and traveled to France numerous
times.
And at 76,he’s as sharp as ever.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了学习新语言是否能提高大脑健康,尤
其是对于年纪较大的人来说,是否能延缓失智症的发生。
8.What happens in the process of “cognitive inhibition”?
A.Memory improves.
B.Brain health worsens.
C.Dementia is cured.
D.Native language is held back.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“If you’re trying to...called cognitive
inhibition,helps improve your brain function.”可知,认知抑制的过程中,母语被抑制。
9.Which is a possible explanation for the disappointing research results?
A.The poor choice of research participants.
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B.The great length of the language course.
C.The intervention of the first language.
D.The age difference of the research subjects.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第四段的“One is that...making it hard to see any
improvements.”可知,研究结果不尽人意的一个可能的解释是研究参与者的选择不佳。
10.Whose opinion does the author support by mentioning his father’s experience?
A.Leo Antoniou’s.
B.Diana Smith’s.
C.Laura Grossman’s.
D.Judith Ware’s.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第六段尾句和第七段内容可知,作者通过提到他父亲的经
历来支持Laura Grossman 的观点,即学习另一种语言提供了其他潜在的优势,如旅行或与
新的社区建立联系。
11.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A.Is it never too late to learn a new language?
B.Can learning a new language delay dementia?
C.Why does my father start learning a new language?
D.How does learning a new language benefit aging brain?
答案 B
解析 标题归纳题。根据第一段的“My father started learning French at 57,drawn by the
potential benefits of bilingualism(双语能力) in delaying dementia(失智症).”以及“But can
this really boost brain health?”可知,短文的最佳标题为“学习一门新语言能延缓失智症
吗?”。
D
(2024 山东潍坊二模)
I had to say something after reading The Anxious Generation.It is going to sell
well,because Jonathan Haidt is telling a scary story about children’s development many
parents are led to believe.However,the book’s repeated suggestion that digital technologies
are rewiring our children’s brains and causing the epidemic(流行病) of mental illness is
unsupported by science.Worse,the rude proposal that social media is to blame might
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
distract(分心) us from effectively responding to the real causes of the current mental-health
crisis in young people.
Researchers have searched for the effects suggested by Haidt.Our efforts have produced
a mix of no,small and mixed associations.Most data are correlative.When associations over
time are found,they suggest not that social-media use predicts or causes depression,but that
young people who already have mental-health problems use such platforms more often or in
different ways from their healthy peers.
We are not alone here.Several analyses and systematic reviews centralize on the same
message.An analysis done in 72 countries shows no consistent or measurable associations
between well-being and social media globally.Moreover,studies from some authorities finds
no evidence of intense changes associated with digital-technology use.
As a psychologist studying children’s and adolescents’ mental health,I appreciate
parents’ frustration(沮丧) and desire for simple answers.As a parent of adolescents,I would
also like to identify a simple source for the pain this generation is reporting.There
are,however,no simple answers.The beginning and development of mental disorders are
driven by a complex set of genetic and environmental factors.
More young people are talking openly about their mental-health struggles than ever
before.But insufficient services are available to address their needs.In the United States,there
is,on average,one school psychologist for every 1,119 students.We have a generation in crisis
and in desperate need of the best of what science and evidence-based solutions can
offer.Unfortunately,our time is being spent telling stories that are unsupported by research
and that do little to support young people who need,and deserve,more.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。作者认为《焦虑的一代》一书提出的数字技术导致
儿童大脑重构和精神健康危机的观点缺乏科学依据。作者强调,精神障碍的成因复杂,需
要基于科学和证据的解决方案,而不是简单归咎于社交媒体。
12.What is presented in The Anxious Generation?
A.Scary stories affect children’s brains.
B.Parents are responsible for children’s health.
C.Teen’s mental illness results from screen time.
D.The epidemic of mental illness is unavoidable.
答案 C
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【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中“However,the book’s repeated suggestion...mental
illness is unsupported by science.”可知,该书重复暗示数字技术正在重构我们孩子的大脑,
并导致精神健康问题的流行。C 项与该描述相一致。故选C 项。
13.What does “the same message” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?
A.Many countries do research in mental health.
B.Well-being and social media are closely related.
C.The young are trapped in the mental-health crisis.
D.Social media don’t necessarily cause mental illness.
答案 D
解析 词句猜测题。根据画线词前面一段中的内容“When associations over time are
found...or in different ways from their healthy peers.”以及画线词后面的内容“An analysis
done in 72 countries shows no consistent or measurable associations between well-being and
social media globally.”可知,“同样的信息”指的是社交媒体并不一定导致心理健康问题。
通过在72 个国家进行的一项分析显示,在全球范围内,幸福感和社交媒体之间没有一致
的或可衡量的联系。故画线词指代的是社交媒体的使用与心理健康之间无必然联系。
14.What is implied in the last paragraph?
A.Effective actions need to be taken.
B.Positive stories should be shared.
C.Financial support needs to be provided.
D.Broader research should be done.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“We have a generation in crisis...support young
people who need,and deserve,more.”可知,对于年轻人的心理健康问题,我们正在浪费时间
讲述没有研究支持的故事,而这些故事对需要帮助的年轻人并没有帮助,这暗示我们需要
采取有效的行动来解决这个问题。
15.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A.To suggest ways to help those in need.
B.To encourage parents to brave the crisis.
C.To recommend a newly-published book.
D.To give a voice to children’s mental issues.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中“I had to say something...causing the epidemic(流行病)
of mental illness is unsupported by science.”和最后一段中“Unfortunately,our time is
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【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
being...who need,and deserve,more.”以及通读全文可知,整篇文章都在批评一本书的观点,
并强调需要科学和证据支持的解决方案,而不应该把时间浪费在没有科学研究支持的结
论中,由此表明作者的目的是引导人们对儿童心理健康问题以及真正引发该问题的原因
进行关注和理解。D 项“To give a voice to children’s mental issues.”符合作者的目的。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2024 江西景德镇三模)
A few years ago,the scientists Claudia Townsend at the University of Miami and
Suzanne Shu at UCLA Anderson School of Management conducted a simple investigation
into how aesthetics(美学) influences our investment decisions.
They randomly assigned 255 students to receive an annual corporate report.One of these
reports was aesthetically pleasing—
16
The other report was far less attractive.After
leafing through these two reports—both of which contained the exact same factual
information—the subjects were asked to estimate the lowest acceptable selling price for
shares of the company.
17
If investors were rational agents,then the look of the report shouldn’t have mattered—
they should be responding only to its content.
18
Townsend and Shu found that subjects
given the prettier document insisted on an average selling price of $327.01 per share.Those
shown less pretty document,meanwhile,concluded that the company’s shares were worth only
$162.41.This research suggests that the design of the annual report can significantly influence
our sense of value.
19
In recent years,scientists have also looked at how aesthetics impacts our
perceptions of trust.Do we find prettier websites more trustworthy? There’s no logical reason
why that would be the case,of course,but the human mind is full of illogical peculiarity.So
far,the evidence suggests that the look of a site is highly correlated with our ratings of trust,
20
In a paper,researchers showed that our first impressions of a website—they showed
subjects screen shots for fifty milliseconds,which is too fast for conscious awareness—shaped
our subsequent sense of trustworthiness.
A.But it is not true.
B.it had high-quality images and a clear layout.
C.And this pattern doesn’t apply to other aspects.
D.a phenomenon often referred to as “the halo effect”(光环效应).
E.When it comes to user assessments of design,function follows form.
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F.While Townsend and Shu looked at paper reports,the same logic applies to websites.
G.Actually,they are required to value the company based on the information in the annual
report.
答案与解析
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。研究者发现美学影响我们的投资决策,公司年度报告
的外观会影响应试者对公司股价的估计,相同的逻辑也适用于网页。
16.B 根据上文“They randomly assigned 255 students to receive an annual corporate
report.One of these reports was aesthetically pleasing”和下文“The other report was far less
attractive.”可知,这份报告很美观,有吸引力,因此推断B 项符合语境,解释了有吸引力的原
因。
17.G 根据上文“the subjects were asked to estimate the lowest acceptable selling price for
shares of the company”可知,此处是指对公司股票的估价,所以G 项承接上文,符合语境。
18.A 根据上文“If investors were rational agents,then the look of the report shouldn’t
have mattered—they should be responding only to its content.”和下文“Townsend and Shu
found that subjects given the prettier document... influence our sense of value.”可知,此处是
指事实并不像上文中提到的那样,所以A 项切合文意。
19.F 根据下文“In recent years,scientists have also looked at how aesthetics impacts our
perceptions of trust.Do we find prettier websites more trustworthy?”可知,此处是指相同的逻
辑也适用于网页,所以F 项切合文意。
20.D 根据上文“So far,the evidence suggests that the look of a site is highly correlated
with our ratings of trust”和下文“In a paper...shaped our subsequent sense of
trustworthiness.”可知,到目前为止,有证据表明,网站的外观与我们的信任度高度相关,我
们对网站的第一印象塑造了我们随后的对其的信任度。D 项符合语境。
