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考点分类练(五) 推理判断题(3)
Passage 1(2025 河南郑州三模)
主题:心理健康与社会包容 词数:302
难度:★★★☆☆ 限时:7 分钟
I am someone who is outgoing,chatty and friendly.I can appreciate that at first glance I
do not appear to be any different from anyone else.I may seem ordinary on the surface.This is
entirely because I’m hiding my true self.The only reason I don’t “look like” the features
associated with autism(自闭症) is that I am often making every effort to force myself to
appear “normal”.Not all autistic people do this,but I do.
I smile whenever I want to hit my head against the wall and scream.I say,“Oh,that’s
fine!” when a restaurant doesn’t have what I want,and the loss makes me feel like my skin is
on fire.I force myself to make eye contact and focus on conversations.
But sometimes I can’t maintain it.Sometimes,overcome by uncontrolled feelings,my
mask(伪装) slips.How somebody responds to me in those moments tells me everything I
need to know about their view of autistic people.
I assume that there is a lack of understanding.When people become annoyed that I
cancel plans,or when I feel extremely upset I experience new or strange sounds and
tastes,they undoubtedly lack empathy(同情).In these moments,I can see any acceptance of
autistic people from these kinds of people is for show.It is easy to say that you support
autistic people,but if you are only supportive when that person presents as normal,then that
isn’t real support.
So,telling me that I “don’t look autistic” is more denial than praise.Someone shouldn’t
have to “look autistic” for you to believe they are autistic.Whether we look like it or not,we
all equally deserve empathy and support.
1.Why doesn’t the author appear autistic?
A.He naturally adapts to social situations.
B.He feels relaxed during daily interactions.
C.He received professional treatment as a child.
D.He hides his true feelings through constant effort.
2.How does the author think autistic people should be treated?
A.They should get real care and concern.
B.They should be supported like normal people.
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C.They should be trained to be what they really are.
D.They should receive support only if they act normally.
3.How does the author feel when told he doesn’t look autistic?
A.Delighted. B.Confused.
C.Annoyed.
D.Surprised.
4.What is the author’s main purpose in writing this text?
A.To express sympathy for people with autism.
B.To call for true acceptance of autistic people.
C.To describe his daily life as an autistic person.
D.To ask readers to make friends with autistic people.
Passage 2(2025 山东聊城二模)
主题:书评 词数:329
难度:★★★☆☆ 限时:7 分钟
One wet November evening in the late 1960s,a married couple named Maurice and
Maralyn Bailey—he a hot-metal typesetter,she a tax officer—hit on the idea of escaping their
dull,suburban life by sailing to New Zealand.With the proceeds from the sale of their Derby
bungalow,they bought a 31-foot Bermuda boat,which they named Auralyn (a combination of
their names).They finally set sail across the Atlantic in June 1972—having decided against
buying a radio transmitter(信号发射机),as Maurice wanted to sail “by his wits and the stars”.
All went well for the first nine months,but then one morning,300 miles east of the
Galápagos,a 40-foot whale rose up under their boat,and cracked a hole in its hull.As Sophie
Elmhirst relates in her “superb” debut,Maurice and Maralyn,the couple grabbed a few
essentials and climbed onto an inflatable raft(充气筏) from which they watched Auralyn
being “silently swallowed”.On this inadequate vessel—too small for either of them to lie
down in—they would spend the next 117 days.
At the heart of Maurice and Maralyn is an “astonishing” tale of endurance.Once the
couple’s food ran out,they survived in the raft by eating raw sea turtles and small
sharks,caught with a fishing rod made from safety pins and cord.Dysentery(痢
疾),dehydration and near-starvation followed.While Maurice,a “glass-half-empty type of
man”,quietly resigned himself to dying,Maralyn remained optimistic,which sparked
Maurice’s will to live.The couple were eventually picked up by a South Korean ship passing
by.
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Along with its “man-versus-the-elements survival aspect”,Elmhirst’s book is “also a
love story”,said Francesca Angelini in The Sunday Times.She traces the couple’s marriage—
both how it led them into their Pacific adventure,and how it was changed by what they went
through.It’s a remarkable story that had been all but forgotten.
5.What’s the meaning of the underlined word “proceeds” in paragraph 1?
A.Purchases.
B.Expenses.
C.Gains.
D.Contracts.
6.What do we know about the couple’s sail?
A.They used a radio transmitter for the first nine months.
B.They abandoned the raft damaged by a whale.
C.Starvation followed when the boat sank.
D.Survival skills contributed to their survival.
7.What was Maurice like according to paragraph 3?
A.Pessimistic.
B.Ambitious.
C.Modest.
D.Unconfident.
8.What kind of writing is the text?
A.A news report.
B.A book review.
C.A journal.
D.A biography.
Passage 3(2025 山东青岛、淄博二模)
主题:新发明及其影响 词数:336
难度:★★★★☆ 限时:8 分钟
In spring 2017,Avila Pinedo and her classmates from Garey High School founded the
school’s first invention club.Noticing their low-income community’s high diabetes(糖尿病)
rate and insufficient healthcare access,the team planned to invent a toenail-cutting tool for
diabetic patients.Surprisingly,after submitting the idea to Lemelson-Massachusetts Institute
of Technology (Lemelson-MIT),the Garey High group was awarded one of the 15
InvenTeams for 2017-2018.
Yet subsequently,the teens questioned their proposed invention due to sharp-tool
risks.Concerned about the new direction,they approached the Lemelson-MIT Program for
advice,where Leigh Estabrooks,a seasoned academic,encouraged them,“Invention
advances;changes and adjustments are common—that’s the process.” Despite the change in
plans,Estabrooks praised the community-centered approach.
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With renewed determination,the team resolved to develop a tool to monitor blood
oxygen levels in diabetics feet.This shift was essential and demanded considerable
effort.Avila Pinedo recalled the team invested every spare moment in research.
Each team member performed specific functions in the process.Avila Pinedo led the
development of the sensor(传感器) that measured blood oxygen levels.Lacking prior
technical skills,Avila Pinedo determined to employ online resources to acquire how to build
the electrical system and finally built the sensor.“Invention offers a chance to explore the
boundaries of your creativity and capabilities and unlock the power of the invention
mindset.It doesn’t mean you must know how to build a sensor,but you do need to take
responsibility for your own education,” Pinedo said.Ultimately,with the team’s
cooperation,their invention,Heart and Sole,became a reality.
The experience lit Avila Pinedo’s passion,inspiring her to serve as an advisor to primary
pupils recently.Guiding them through hands-on engineering and programming for a STEM
initiative,she said,“Invention is transformational,” witnessing its empowering influence on
InvenTeamers and others who realize that applying imagination and concepts can unlock
fresh prospects,therefore motivating them to further explore education with the belief that
invention is accessible to all.
9.What motivated the club’s invention?
A.Expectation from Garey High School.
B.Community health issues.
C.Regional income inequality.
D.Requirements from InvenTeams.
10.Which of the following would Estabrooks agree concerning invention?
A.Redesigns are natural.
B.Original plans are the key.
C.Instructions determine success.
D.Academic support counts.
11.What contributed to Avila Pinedo’s success in developing the sensor?
A.Constant trials.
B.Self-directed learning.
C.Financial backing.
D.Risk-taking mindset.
12.What’s the purpose of the last paragraph?
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A.To introduce Avila Pinedo’s future plan.
B.To show the prospect of Heart and Sole.
C.To acknowledge the InvenTeam’s devotion.
D.To stress the nature and impact of invention.
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答案：
Passage 1
【语篇导读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者作为自闭症患者常伪装正常,批评虚假支持,
呼吁人们真正理解和接纳自闭症群体。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“This is entirely because I’m hiding my true self.The
only reason I don’t ‘look like’ the features associated with autism is that I am often making
every effort to force myself to appear ‘normal’.”可知,作者不断努力隐藏自己的真实感受,
所以看起来不像患有自闭症。
2.A 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“It is easy to say that you support autistic people,but
if you are only supportive when that person presents as normal,then that isn’t real support.”可
知,作者认为自闭症患者应该得到真正的关心和支持,而不是只在他们表现正常时才得到
支持。
3.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“So,telling me that I ‘don’t look autistic’ is more
denial than praise.”以及上文作者提到自己努力隐藏真实的自我可知,作者对于被说看起
来不像自闭症患者感到生气,因为这是对他真实状态的否定。
4.B 推理判断题。通读全文可知,文章讲述了作者作为自闭症患者努力伪装自己,对于
他人只在自闭症患者表现正常时才给予支持表示不满,强调自闭症患者应该得到真正的
理解和支持。
易错点拨:本题易错选A 项。文章确实提到了“缺乏同理心”(lack empathy),但作者的
主要目的不是表达对自闭症群体的同情,而是批评社会对自闭症的表面接纳,并呼吁真正
的理解和支持。A 项的错误在于视角错位:作者本人是自闭症患者,并非站在旁观者角度
“表达同情”,而是作为亲历者揭露问题并争取真正的接纳。
提分干货
高频
词汇
1.outgoing adj.外向的 2.overcome v.压倒
3.assume v.假设4.denial n.否认
熟词
生义
slip(生) v.失控 (熟) v. 滑倒
重点
短语
1.at first glance 乍一看
2.be associated with 与……有联系
3.make every effort to 竭尽全力
难句
分析
The only reason I don’t “look like” the features associated with autism is that I am
often making every effort to force myself to appear “normal”.
分析:本句是主从复合句。The only reason...is...是主句;I don’t “look like” the
features associated with autism 是省略了that 的定语从句;that 引导的是表语从
句。
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译文:我之所以没有表现出自闭症的典型特征,唯一的原因是我总在强迫自己竭
力显得“正常”。
Passage 2
【语篇导读】本文是一篇书评。文章主要评论了一本有关莫里斯和玛拉琳·贝利夫妇航
海遇险及靠生存技能求生和其婚姻的故事的书。
5.C 词句猜测题。根据第一段中“With the proceeds from the sale of their Derby
bungalow,they bought a 31-foot Bermuda boat,which they named Auralyn (a combination of
their names).”可知,此处proceeds 指的是卖房的收入,即“收益”,与Gains“收益”意思相
符。
6.D 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Once the couple’s food ran out,they survived in the
raft by eating raw sea turtles and small sharks,caught with a fishing rod made from safety
pins and cord.”可知,他们运用自己制作鱼竿捕鱼等生存技能得以存活下来,说明生存技能
有助于他们的生存。
7.A 推理判断题。根据第三段中“While Maurice,a ‘glass-half-empty type of
man’,quietly resigned himself to dying,Maralyn remained optimistic,which sparked
Maurice’s will to live.” 可知,莫里斯是悲观的。
8.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Along with its ‘man-versus-the-elements survival
aspect’,Elmhirst’s book is ‘also a love story’,said Francesca Angelini in The Sunday Times.”
可知,本文是对埃尔姆赫斯特所写的关于莫里斯和玛拉琳·贝利夫妇海上遇险求生经历书
籍的评论。
提分干货
高频
词汇
1.grab vt.抓住,抓取 2.endurance n.耐力,忍耐力
3.starvation n.饥饿,挨饿
重点
短语
1.hit on 偶然想到
2.set sail 起航
3.decide against doing sth 决定不做某事
4.run out 耗尽
5.resign oneself to 听任,顺从(命运)
难句
分析
While Maurice,a “glass-half-empty type of man”,quietly resigned himself to
dying,Maralyn remained optimistic,which sparked Maurice’s will to live.
分析:本句为并列复合句。 此处while 为并列连词,意为“而”,表示对比;a
“glass-half-empty type of man”作同位语;which sparked Maurice’s will to live 为
which 引导的非限制性定语从句。
译文:莫里斯是个“悲观主义者”,默默接受了死亡的命运,而玛拉琳却保持乐
观,这重新点燃了莫里斯的求生意志。
Passage 3
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【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。它讲述了Avila Pinedo 和她的同学在Garey 高中成立
发明俱乐部,最初计划为糖尿病患者设计剪脚趾甲工具,后因风险调整方向,最终开发出
了监测足部血氧水平的设备,并强调了发明对个人和社区的影响。
9.B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In spring 2017,Avila Pinedo and her classmates
from Garey High School founded the school’s first invention club.Noticing their low-income
community’s high diabetes rate and insufficient healthcare access,the team planned to invent
a toenail-cutting tool for diabetic patients.”可知,是社区的健康问题启发了俱乐部的发明。
10.A 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Concerned about the new direction,they
approached the Lemelson-MIT Program for advice,where Leigh Estabrooks,a seasoned
academic,encouraged them,‘Invention advances;changes and adjustments are common—
that’s the process.’”可知,Leigh Estabrooks 认为发明过程中变化和调整是很常见的,所以
会同意A 项“重新设计是很正常的”。
11.B 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Lacking prior technical skills,Avila Pinedo
determined to employ online resources to acquire how to build the electrical system and
finally built the sensor.”可知,Avila Pinedo 利用在线资源来学习如何构建电气系统,并最终
构建了传感器,也就是通过自主学习获得了成功。
12.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“‘Invention is transformational,’ witnessing its
empowering influence on InvenTeamers and others who realize that applying imagination
and concepts can unlock fresh prospects,therefore motivating them to further explore
education with the belief that invention is accessible to all.”可知,本段的目的是强调发明的
本质和影响。
提分干货
高频
词汇
1.submit vt.提交,呈递 2.approach vt.接近;向……请教
3.resolve vt.决定,决心
4.prior adj.先前的,事先
熟词
生义
1.shift (生)n.(计划的)转变 (熟)v.转移,轮班
2.boundary(生)n.(创造力的)极限 (熟)n.边界,界限
重点
短语
1.submit to 向……提交
2.approach sb for advice 向某人请教
3.resolve to do 决心做……
难句
分析
Guiding them through hands-on engineering and programming for a STEM
initiative,she said,“Invention is transformational,” witnessing its empowering
influence on InvenTeamers and others who realize that applying imagination and
concepts can unlock fresh prospects,therefore motivating them to further explore
education with the belief that invention is accessible to all.
分析:本句为主从复合句。Guiding them through hands-on engineering and
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programming for a STEM initiative 为现在分词短语作伴随状语,逻辑主语为
she。“Invention is transformational,”为直接引语;witnessing its empowering
influence on InvenTeamers and others 为现在分词短语作状语;who realize that
applying imagination and concepts can unlock fresh prospects 为who 引导的定语
从句,该从句中又包含that 引导的宾语从句therefore motivating them to further
explore education with the belief that invention is accessible to all 为现在分词短语
作结果状语,that invention is accessible to all 为that 引导的同位语从句。
译文:在指导他们参与一项 STEM 计划的实践工程和编程时,她说道:“发明具有
变革性。” 她见证了发明对 InvenTeam 成员和其他人的激励作用——他们意
识到运用想象力和概念可以开启新的前景,因此激励自己带着 “发明人人可
及” 的信念进一步探索学习。
