文档内容
Unit 5 Nature's Temper（复习讲义)
1.temper /ˈtempə(r)/ n. 脾气；怒气
2.earthquake /ˈɜːθkweɪk/ n. 地震
3.typhoon /taɪˈfuːn/ n. 台风
4.wildfire /ˈwaɪldfaɪə(r)/ n. 野火
5.snowstorm /ˈsnəʊstɔːm/ n. 暴风雪
6.flood /flʌd/ n. 洪水；v. 泛滥；淹没
7.tsunami /tsuːˈnɑːmi/ n. 海啸
8.rainstorm /ˈreɪnstɔːm/ n. 暴风雨
9.tornado /tɔːˈneɪdəʊ/ n. 龙卷风
10.heatwave /ˈhiːtweɪv/ n. 热浪
单词
11.landslide /ˈlændslaɪd/ n. 滑坡；塌方
12.floodwater /ˈflʌdwɔːtə(r)/ n. 洪水
13.preparation /ˌprepəˈreɪʃn/ n. 准备；预备
14.security /sɪˈkjʊərəti/ n. 安全；保障
15.hero /ˈhɪərəʊ/ (pl. heroes) n. 英雄
16.neighbourhood /ˈneɪbəhʊd/ n. 街区；社区
17.relative /ˈrelətɪv/ n. 亲戚；亲属
18.power /ˈpaʊə(r)/ n. 电力；能量；力量
19.warn /wɔːn/ v. 警告；提醒
20.wave /weɪv/ v. 挥手；挥舞；n. 波浪21.interview /ˈɪntəvjuː/ v.&n. 采访；面试
22.beat /biːt/ (beat, beaten) v. 敲打；击败
23.hide /haɪd/ (hid, hidden) v. 躲藏；隐藏
24.refuse /rɪˈfjuːz/ v. 拒绝
25.rescue /ˈreskjuː/ v.&n. 救援；营救
26.volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/ v. 自愿做；n. 志愿者
27.worst /wɜːst/ adj.&adv. 最坏的（地）；最糟的（地）（bad/badly最高级）
28.nearby /ˌnɪəˈbaɪ/ adj.&adv. 附近的（地）
29.thankfully /ˈθæŋkfəli/ adv. 幸亏；感激地
30.terribly /ˈterəbli/ adv. 非常；很糟地
1. do chores 做家务
2. except for 除了……之外
3. wake up 醒来；叫醒
4. by the time 到……时候为止
5. go wrong 出故障；出差错
6. make preparations 做准备
7. as soon as 一……就……
8. go off （闹钟）响；离开
9. out of breath 上气不接下气
10. security guard 保安
短语 11. alarm clock 闹钟
12. all of a sudden 突然；猛地
13. as a result 结果
14. a natural disaster 自然灾害
15. at the time of 在……的时候
16. strong winds and heavy rain 狂风暴雨
17. get flooded 被淹没
18. take place 发生；举行
19. weather report 天气预报
20. clean up 打扫干净；清理
21. pay attention to 注意；关注22. stay inside 待在室内
23. warn sb of / about sth 警告某人某事
24. run for safety 跑向安全地带
25. put out 扑灭；熄灭
26. stay safe 保持安全
27. break out 爆发；突然发生
28. catch off guard 使猝不及防；出乎意外
29. in total darkness 一片漆黑
30. move...off... 把……移开；推开
1. What were you doing when the rainstorm came? 暴风雨来临时，你正在做什么？
2. I was reading in the library at that time. 那时我正在图书馆看书。
3. The alarm didn’t go off this morning. 今天早上闹钟没响。
4. He was waiting for the bus when it started to rain heavily. 他正在等公交车，突然下起了大雨。
5. While she was cooking, the light went out suddenly. 她正在做饭时，灯突然灭了。
6. What was your brother doing at this time yesterday? 你哥哥昨天这个时候正在做什么？
7. They weren’t playing outside when the storm hit the area. 暴风雨袭击这个地区时，他们没在外面玩。
8. All of a sudden, a strong wind came and blew the window open. 突然，一阵大风刮来，吹开了窗户。
句型
9. I got to school out of breath because I ran all the way. 我一路跑着到学校，上气不接下气。
10. Make sure that all the doors are locked before you leave. 离开前确保所有的门都锁好了。
11. The teacher advised us to pay attention to the weather report every day. 老师建议我们每天关注天气预报
12. It’s important to stay calm when a natural disaster happens. 自然灾害发生时，保持冷静很重要。
13. While my mom was cleaning the room, my dad was fixing the broken chair. 妈妈打扫房间时，爸爸正在
修理坏椅子。
14. By the time I got up, my sister had already left home. 我起床时，姐姐已经离开家了。
15. As soon as we heard the alarm, we ran for safety right away. 我们一听到警报，就立刻跑向安全地带
语法 过去进行时
写作 自然灾害与应付知识点1：What were you doing when the rainstorm came?暴风雨来的时候你在做什么？（教材P33）
结构：过去进行时+when引导短暂性动作从句，主句表背景，从句表突发节点。
语法：were doing 为过去进行时；when 接短暂性动词came，强调“暴风雨来的那一刻”。
翻译：
知识点2：I was so busy looking for the umbrella that I did not see a car coming.我忙着找伞，以至于没看见
一辆车开过来。（教材P33）
结构：so...that...结果状语从句，so 后接形容词/副词，that 接结果。
搭配：be busy doing sth 忙于做某事；see sb/sth doing 看见某人/某物正在做。
知识点3：My alarm didn’t go off so I woke up late.我的闹钟没响，所以我醒晚了。（教材P34）
结构：并列句，so 表因果，前因后果。
短语：go off （闹钟）响；wake up 醒来。
知识点4： I was waiting for the bus when it began to rain heavily.我正在等公交车，突然下起了大雨。
（教材P34）
结构：过去进行时+when引导短暂性动作从句，主句为延续动作，从句为突发动作。
语法：began 是短暂性动词，rain heavily 为动词短语。
知识点5： With no light outside, it felt like midnight.外面一片漆黑，感觉像午夜一样。（教材P35）
结构：with 复合结构作伴随状语，表“外部一片漆黑”的状态。
语法：with + 名词 + 介词短语，作状语；it 为形式主语，指代天气/环境。
知识点6： Ben’s dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the
flashlights and radio were working.本的爸爸在往窗户上钉木板，与此同时妈妈在检查手电筒和收音机是否
能用。（教材P35）结构：while 连接两个过去进行时，强调两个延续动作同时发生。
搭配：put...over... 把……盖在……上；make sure + 从句，确保……。
知识点 6： Although the storm broke many things apart, it brought families and neighbors closer
together.尽管暴风雨摧毁了很多东西，但它让家人和邻居们的关系更紧密了。
（教材P36）
结构：although 引导让步状语从句，不能与but 连用。
- 短语：break...apart 使……破碎；bring...closer together 使……关系更亲密。
知识点7： Kate realized her bag was still at home.凯特意识到她的包还在家里。（教材P37）
结构：realize + 宾语从句，从句用陈述句语序。
语法：realized 为过去式；宾语从句 was still at home 表过去的状态。
知识点8： When the school basketball competition started, Kate was still making her way to school.学校
篮球比赛开始时，凯特还在赶往学校的路上。（教材P38）
结构：when引导短暂性动作从句+过去进行时主句，从句表事件开始，主句表当时的持续动作。
短语：make one’s way to 前往……，强调“在去的路上”的过程。
单元语法
过去进行时（Past Continuous Tense）
一、基本结构
1.主语 + was/were + 动词现在分词(doing)
第一人称单数/第三人称单数（I/he/she/it）：用was
第二人称单复数/第一、三人称复数（you/we/they）：用were
2.否定句：was/were + not + doing（wasn’t/weren’t 可缩写）
3.一般疑问句：Was/Were + 主语 + doing？答语：Yes, 主语+was/were. / No, 主语+wasn’t/weren’t.
4.特殊疑问句：疑问词 + Was/Were + 主语 + doing？
二、现在分词(doing)变化规则
1. 一般情况直接加-ing：play→playing，read→reading
2. 不发音e结尾，去e加-ing：come→coming，make→making
3. 重读闭音节（辅+元+辅），双写尾字母加-ing：run→running，beat→beating
4. ie结尾，变ie为y加-ing：lie→lying，die→dying
三、核心用法（单元必考，3大场景）
1. 单独使用：表过去具体时刻/时间段正在进行的动作
常配时间状语：at 8 last night, this time yesterday, from 7 to 9 p.m. yesterday
例句：He was reading a book at 9 o’clock last night.
2. 与when连用：延续性动作（过去进行时）+ 短暂性动作（一般过去时）
when引导的从句表“动作发生的瞬间”，动词多为短暂性（come, start, ring, hit等）
例句：We were having dinner when the rainstorm came.
3. 与while连用：2种高频结构
① 短暂性动作（一般过去时）+ 延续性动作（过去进行时）
例句：The light went out while we were watching TV.
② while连接两个过去进行时：表两个动作同时进行（一边…一边…）
例句：My mom was cooking while my dad was washing dishes.
单元写作
核心主题：描述一次自然灾害的经历/见闻，用过去进行时写清过程+应对，总结安全启示，字数不少于80
词
经典结构：三段式（突发→应对→感悟），时态精准切换（过去进行时+一般过去时+一般现在时）第一段：灾害突发（25-30词）→ 铺垫背景+突现险情
核心公式：时间+地点+正在做的事（过去进行时）+灾害突然发生
万能句型：
1. Last summer, my family and I were having dinner at home when a terrible typhoon hit our city.
2. It was Sunday morning. I was hiking in the hills when dark clouds gathered and a rainstorm broke out all of a
sudden.
关键要求：点明灾害类型（typhoon/earthquake/rainstorm），用1句写初始反应（如It caught us totally off
guard.）
第二段：紧急应对（40-50词）→ 细节描写+动作应对（核心段）
核心逻辑：灾害升级→感官描写→应对动作（必用过去进行时），用when/while连接
写作步骤：
1. 写灾害细节：The wind howled loudly and the rain poured down./The ground was shaking and windows
crashed.
2. 写持续动作：While we were hiding under the strong table, my dad was calling the emergency number.
3. 写应对结果：We stayed calm and moved to a safer place until the danger passed.
加分技巧：加视觉/听觉描写（dark clouds/ thunder rumbled），让画面更生动
第三段：灾后感悟（25-30词）→ 灾后情况+安全启示+未来准备
核心公式：灾后现状+感悟道理+具体行动
万能句型：
1. After the disaster, we saw fallen trees everywhere. This experience taught me the importance of keeping an
emergency kit.
2. We were lucky to be safe. I realized nature’s power is unpredictable, so I will check the weather report before
going out.
高分核心要点1. 时态必对：过去进行时（was/were+doing）写持续动作，一般过去时写短暂/完成动作（如the typhoon
started/we called for help）
2. 词汇活用：用单元短语（run for safety/take cover/warn sb of sth/stay inside）
3. 避坑提醒：while后接过去进行时，when后接一般过去时，不要颠倒；不写真实姓名/地址，控制字数
80词左右
巩固练习
一、单项选择
1．—What are you going to do this evening, Jane?
—I’m going to ________ my lesson to get a good result in tomorrow’s test.
A．refuse B．review C．stop D．start
2．The reporter advised people ________ inside during the typhoon.
A．stay B．to stay C．staying D．stayed
3．Floodwater ________ many houses in the village, so people had to move to safe places.
A．wash away B．washed away C．washes away D．will wash away
4．This app helps you ________ photos safely.
A．take B．bring C．store D．copy
5．All the people went home ________ John, for he had to finish his work.
A．with B．besides C．except D．beside
6．—Did you ________ the first place of the football match?
—Of course we did. We ________ all the other teams.
A．beat; beat B．win; beat C．win; won D．beat; win
7．Our class is sure to win the basketball game ________ Class Three.
A．of B．in C．against D．from8．We should be firmly ________ killing wild animals.
A．up B．for C．against D．to
9．The typhoon was one of the worst ________ in our city’s history.
A．conditions B．wonders C．programs D．disasters
10．I________ forgot the party! Luckily, Gina called to remind me about it.
A．hardly B．nearly C．clearly D．finally
二、根据要求完成单词拼写
11．They looked at each other in fear when the e (地震) happened.
12．Frank h (躲藏) himself behind the door, so we can’t find him now.
13．The scientist uses his k (知识) to help factories produce better cars.
14．When I went by his room, I saw him r (复习) the textbook yesterday.
15．Lin Zexu and Zheng Chenggong are national h (英雄) in Chinese history.
16．Before running, the boy r (拒绝) to tie his shoes. Unluckily, he fell over.
17．We should be (care) when walking on the wet road after the rain.
18．The movie was (terrible) boring, so we left early.
19．Many (volunteer) helped clean the park and plant trees last weekend.
20．We were (lucky) —we didn’t win the soccer game.
三、完形填空
On the morning of May 22, two serious landslides happened in Dafang County, Bijie City, Guizhou
Province. The first one 21 Changshi Town at around 3 o’clock. It was 22 bad, and 2 families
with 2 people were trapped (被困).
Then at about 9 o’clock, another one struck Qingyang Village, Guowa Township. It was much larger. The
news on TV 23 that the landslide was 1,040 metres long, 300 metres wide and 10 metres thick on
average. Its total volume reached about 2.4 million cubic metres. 24 , 8 families with 19 people weretrapped here.
After the disasters, many 25 came to help quickly. They worked with local officials to carry out
the 26 work. The government also sent a lot of 27 like food, water and medicine to the
affected areas (受灾地区). People were 28 about the possible dangers before, but no one expected such
big landslides.
The rescuers tried their best to dig through the mud (泥土) and rocks, but some people were still trapped
under the debris. Unfortunately, the disasters caused many 29 and injuries. This event tells us that we
must 30 natural disaster warnings to stay safe.
21．A．checked B．burnt C．hid D．hit
22．A．enough B．so C．terribly D．quite
23．A．wrote B．recorded C．reported D．heard
24．A．Unluckily B．Finally C．Luckily D．Suddenly
25．A．volunteers B．dentists C．teachers D．farmers
26．A．research B．rescue C．study D．clean
27．A．clothes B．gifts C．books D．supplies
28．A．warned B．talked C．asked D．told
29．A．alarms B．deaths C．poems D．risks
30．A．look after B．pay attention to C．look at D．turn on
四、阅读理解
A
How to Stay Safe During an Earthquake
Earthquakes can happen suddenly. Do you know how to protect yourself? Follow these tips to stay safe.During an earthquake1. Drop,
Before an earthquake1. cover, and hold on:
Prepare an emergency kit:
Include water, food, ◆Drop to the ground.
and a flashlight.
◆Cover under a strong table.
2. Find safe spots:
◆Hold on until the shaking stops.
Under strong tables or away
from windows. 2. Stay away from glass, walls and
heavy objects that can fall over.
After an earthquake1. Check for injuries.
2. Move to a safe area outside.
3. Call for help if needed.
Stay calm, be prepared, and protect yourself!
31．What isn’t supposed to be in an emergency kit?
A．Water. B．Food. C．A flashlight. D．A camera.
32．Where is the safest place during an earthquake?
A．Near windows. B．Under strong tables.
C．Beside heavy bookshelves. D．Next to walls.
33．What is the right order of the three steps during an earthquake?
① ② ③
A．①②③ B．③①② C．②③① D．①③②
34．What should you do first when an earthquake starts?
A．Run outside immediately. B．Hide in a wardrobe.
C．Drop to the ground. D．Call for help.
35．Why is it important to prepare an emergency kit?A．To have fun during the earthquake.
B．To get everything you want.
C．To have basic supplies when needed.
D．To show off your items.
B
How to Stay Safe During a Thunderstorm
Thunderstorms are common natural phenomena, but they can be dangerous if we don’t take proper
precautions. Here are some important safety tips to follow during a thunderstorm.
First, stay indoors. If you are outside when a thunderstorm starts, find a safe building or a closed car to take
shelter immediately. Avoid staying in open areas such as fields, parks, or on top of hills. Also, stay away from tall
objects like trees, poles, and towers, as they are more likely to be struck by lightning.
Second, avoid using electronic devices. Lightning can travel through power lines and damage electronic
equipment. Do not use telephones, computers, TVs, or other electrical appliances during a thunderstorm. It’s also a
good idea to unplug them to prevent damage from power surges.
Third, be careful with water. Do not take a bath, shower, or wash dishes during a thunderstorm. Lightning
can travel through plumbing systems and cause electric shocks. Also, avoid swimming in pools, lakes, or rivers
until the storm has passed completely.
Fourth, stay away from windows and doors. Close all windows and doors to prevent rainwater from entering
the house. Do not stand near windows or glass doors, as strong winds or flying debris may break the glass and
cause injuries.
Finally, wait for the storm to pass completely before going outside. Even if the rain stops, there may still be
lightning. It’s safe to go outside only after 30 minutes of the last thunderclap.
By following these safety tips, you can reduce the risk of injury or death during a thunderstorm. Remember,
safety should always be the top priority when facing natural disasters.
36．What should you do if you are outside when a thunderstorm starts?A．Stay in open areas. B．Find a safe building or a closed car to take shelter.
C．Stand near tall objects. D．Continue swimming in a lake.
37．Why should you avoid using electronic devices during a thunderstorm?
A．They will use too much electricity.
B．Lightning can travel through power lines and damage them.
C．They will make loud noises.
D．They are not necessary during a storm.
38．What should you not do with water during a thunderstorm?
A．Drink water. B．Water plants.
C．Take a bath or shower. D．Wash hands quickly.
39．How long should you wait before going outside after the last thunderclap?
A．10 minutes. B．20 minutes. C．30 minutes. D．40 minutes.
40．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．How to predict a thunderstorm. B．The damage caused by thunderstorms.
C．Safety tips during a thunderstorm. D．The causes of thunderstorms.
五、短文填空
阅读短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。
Last night, a terrible thunderstorm attacked our city. I 41 (finish) my homework and was about to
go to bed when it started. First, the sky 42 (become) dark quickly. Then, the wind 43 (begin)
to blow hard. While I 44 (close) the windows, I saw a bright flash of lightning. Soon after that, loud
thunder 45 (follow).
My little sister was very scared. She 46 (cry) when my mom 47 (hold) her in her arms.
My dad 48 (check) the doors and windows to make sure they were closed tightly. We 49
(stay) in the living room together, listening to the rain and thunder. After about half an hour, the storm 50(stop) gradually. We felt relaxed finally.
六、书面表达
51．假设你是李华，上周经历了一场暴雨引发的洪水，请给你的笔友 Tom写一封邮件，描述当时的
情况。
提示：
1. 洪水发生时你正在做什么；
2. 洪水带来的影响（如道路被淹、停电等）；
3. 你和家人的应对措施及感受。
要求：80 词左右，语句通顺，语法正确。
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