文档内容
Unit 5 Nature’s Temper
阅读理解10篇
内容导航
单元话题 基础语篇练习 重难语篇练习
单元话题聚焦
自然灾害
基础语篇练习
稳扎稳打 必拿分数：聚焦稳拿分数题目，确保基础分值
重难语篇练习
突破瓶颈 争夺高分：聚焦高难度题目，争夺关键分数
基础语篇练习
①In early January 2025, a huge fire broke out in Los Angeles, California. The strong Santa Ana wind made
the fire spread very quickly. The fire hurt not only people’s houses but also the environment around them.
②A lot of forests and grasslands were burned. Many trees turned black, and the green grass was gone. All
those plants were important for animals. Without them, animals lost their homes and food. Squirrels (松鼠) that
lived in tree holes had to run away. Deer that eat the grass had nothing to eat. Some small animals like mice and
rabbits died in the fire.
③The soil also got into big trouble. Plants usually help keep the soil in place. But after the fire, there were
no plants. When it rained, the rain washed the soil away. In some hilly places, mudslides (泥石流) occurred. They
broke roads and even destroyed some houses.
④The air became dirty too. The fire sent a lot of smoke and bad things into the air. People in the areas near
the fire had to wear masks. If someone had trouble breathing, they were in even more danger.
⑤All in all, the 2025 Los Angeles wildfire was a big blow to nature. It will take a very long time for
everything to get back to normal. People need to think about how to prevent this kind of fire in the future.
1．What made the wildfire in Los Angeles spread quickly in 2025?
A．Rain. B．Wind. C．Earthquakes. D．Snowstorms.
2．What does the underlined word “occurred” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Shared. B．Happened. C．Accepted. D．Changed.
3．What’s the structure (结构) of the passage?A． B． C． D．
4．What is the best title for the passage?
A．The Wildfire in Los Angeles. B．The Firefighters in Los Angeles.
C．How to Prevent Wildfire in the Future. D．The Changes of Los Angeles.
【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了2025年1月洛杉矶发生的一场严重山火，分析了山火迅速蔓延的原
因，以及它对动物、土壤、空气等自然环境造成的多方面影响，最后呼吁人们思考如何预防此类火灾。
1．细节理解题。根据“The strong Santa Ana wind made the fire spread very quickly.”可知，是强劲的圣安娜
风导致山火迅速蔓延。故选B。
2．词句猜测题。根据“In some hilly places, mudslides (泥石流) occurred. It broke roads and even destroyed
some houses.”可知，泥石流发生后冲毁道路、毁坏房屋，occurred在此处意为“发生”。happened与之同
义。故选B。
3．篇章结构题。本文结构清晰：第一段总述山火发生及原因；第二、三、四段分别从动物、土壤、空气
三个方面具体阐述山火对自然的影响；第五段总结并呼吁预防。因此本文的结构为“总分总”。故选
A。
4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍2025年洛杉矶大火及其带来的影响。故选A。
In September 2024, Typhoon Yagi, a strong super typhoon, hit a small seaside town in Wenchang, Hainan
Province at around 16:20 on the 6th.
When Typhoon Yagi arrived, dark clouds covered the sky quickly. At first, the wind blew softly, but soon it
turned into a very loud roar with the strongest gusts over 17 levels. Big trees were pulled out of the ground, house
roofs were blown off, and roads were blocked by fallen branches and rubbish. People in the town were scared;
some moved to safe places with their families, some closed all windows tightly and stayed in strong rooms, and
others worried about their damaged homes and farms.
After the typhoon passed, the town was in a mess. Many houses were broken, local fields growing rice and
vegetables were flooded, and some public transport like buses and trains was stopped for a while. Luckily, most
people had been moved to safe places in advance.
Local volunteers arrived soon to clear the blocked roads and take away rubbish. The government sent food,drinking water and tents to the affected families. In the following weeks, the townspeople worked together to
repair their houses, start again their farm work and clean up the streets. By early October, the town was full of life
again.
1．What kind of typhoon was Yagi?
A．Weak storm. B．Small rainstorm. C．Strong super typhoon.
2．Where did Typhoon Yagi hit Hainan?
A．Wenchang’s small seaside town.B．Sanya’s village. C．Haikou’s big city.
3．Which is the correct meaning for the underlined word “flooded”?
A．干旱. B．淹没. C．丰收.
4．Why were there not many people hurt?
A．Typhoon not strong. B．No one in the town. C．Moved to safe places early.
5．How did people help the town recover?
A．Left forever. B．Fixed houses and cleaned streets. C．Waited for government help.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．B
【导语】本文讲述了2024年9月超强台风“摩羯”袭击海南文昌一个海滨小镇的经过、造成的破坏，以
及灾后人们在志愿者和政府帮助下，齐心协力重建家园的故事。
1．细节理解题。根据文中“In September 2024, Typhoon Yagi, a strong super typhoon, hit a small seaside town
in Wenchang, Hainan Province at around 16:20 on the 6th.”可知，“摩羯”是一场超强台风。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据文中“...hit a small seaside town in Wenchang, Hainan Province...”可知，台风袭击了文
昌的一个海滨小镇。故选A。
3．词句猜测题。根据文中“local fields growing rice and vegetables were flooded”可知，台风过后，种植水
稻和蔬菜的田地被水淹没，“flooded”的意思是淹没。故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据文中“Luckily, most people had been moved to safe places in advance.”可知，大多数人
提前转移到了安全地带，所以伤亡人数不多。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据文中“the townspeople worked together to repair their houses, start again their farm work
and clean up the streets”可知，通过修缮房屋、重新开始农活并清理街道等方式帮助小镇恢复。故选B。
①Water is one of the most useful things on Earth. It gives us life but sometimes water is so powerful that it
can even be destructive (破坏性的). Here we talk about floods.
②There are two main kinds of floods: flash floods and slow floods. Flash floods are sudden floods of great
volumes of water. They overflow (溢出) the river banks and break everything they touch into pieces. Flash floods
are destructive. The other type is slow floods. They rise over a long time. Usually as more and more rain falls, thewater in rivers rises and the land floods. These slow floods happen in every country in the world.
③Floods are the world’s biggest natural killer. When floods happen, they damage (毁坏) crops, wash away
houses, destroy roads, and kill people. Every year in America, water kills over 100 people, most in flash floods.
Floods also cause huge economic losses (经济损失).
④Floods are a serious problem. Worse still, they may become more powerful and happen more often as
global (全球的) warming becomes more and more serious. Around the world, sea levels will rise, and the floods
will take more lives.
⑤Floods are a serious natural disaster and we must try to stop them from happening often to protect our
lives and homes.
1．What can we know about flash floods?
A．They happen suddenly.
B．They are slow, but powerful.
C．They are less destructive than slow floods.
D．They appear everywhere around the world.
2．How does the writer explain (解释) “Floods are the world’s biggest natural killer.”?
A．By giving facts. B．By telling stories.
C．By raising questions. D．By showing steps.
3．What does the underlined word “take” mean in Paragraph 4?
A．Warn. B．Protect.
C．Kill. D．Control.
4．Which of the following shows the structure of the text?
A． B．
C． D．
【答案】1．A 2．A 3．C 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了洪水的两种类型、洪水的危害、其日益严峻的趋势，以及呼吁
人们采取行动保护生命和家园。1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Flash floods are sudden floods of great volumes of water.”可知，山洪暴发
的特点是发生得很突然。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“When floods happen, they damage crops, wash away houses, destroy roads,
and kill people. Every year in America, water kills over 100 people, most in flash floods. Floods also cause huge
economic losses.”可知，作者通过列举洪水发生时毁坏庄稼、冲毁房屋、破坏道路、造成人员死亡以及在
美国每年洪水导致100多人死亡和造成巨大经济损失等事实，来解释洪水是世界上最大的自然杀手这一
观点。故选A。
3．词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“Worse still, they may become more powerful and happen more often as
global warming becomes more and more serious. Around the world, sea levels will rise, and the floods will take
more lives.”可知，本句是在说明全球变暖背景下洪水带来的危害。“take more lives”意为“夺走更多生
命”，因此“take”的意思是“杀死”。故选C。
4．篇章结构题。文章第一段总起，引出洪水的话题； 第二至四段分别介绍了洪水的两种类型、阐述了
洪水的危害以及其日益严峻的趋势； 第五段总结，呼吁人们采取行动。因此，文章结构为“总—分—
总”，对应选项D。故选D。
Many natural disasters happen suddenly, On 7 January 2025, an earthquake hit Dingri County in Xizang.
The earthquake brought a lot of damage (损坏) and problems to the local area. However, China showed an
amazing rescue speed.
Just 10 minutes after the earthquake, rescue planes took off quickly. They carried things for rescue and
doctors to the disaster area. It showed the high speed of a country to act in an emergency. 30 minutes after the
earthquake, the rescue teams got to the earthquake’s most serious area. They began to look for people in the
damaged buildings right away. Volunteers and local people also helped with the rescue work actively. Drones flew
over the area to send food and provide help.
Six hours after the earthquake, the electricity in the disaster area came back to normal. People could use
lights again. On the same day, the internet service was almost back. ▲ The warm food not only made them
full, but also made them feel better.
Although the earthquake was very bad, the people of Dingri County still had hope. With the help from all
over China, they worked together to build their homes and their lives again. The fast rescue worked in Dingri
earthquake shows China’s strong power to face natural disasters. It also shows that the country cares a lot about
people’s lives.
1．When did the earthquake hit Dingri County in Xizang?
A．On 7 January, 2024. B．On 7 January, 2025.C．On 1 July, 2024. D．On 1 July, 2025.
2．What does the underlined word “provide” mean in Paragraph 2?
A．Fix. B．Offer. C．Knock. D．Doubt.
3．Why were drones used in the rescue work?
A．To look for people in damaged buildings.
B．To carry doctors and rescue things.
C．To send food and give help.
D．To rebuild houses for local people.
4．Which of the following can we put “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 3?
A．That night, people in the disaster area had hot meals.
B．However, it was hard to save people in the area.
C．As a result, more people came to help.
D．On the next day, people could ask for help on the internet.
5．What is the main purpose of the passage?
A．To describe the great damage caused by the Dingri earthquake.
B．To show how volunteers and locals helped in the rescue.
C．To introduce the use of drones in disaster relief.
D．To show China’s rapid rescue ability and care for people’s lives.
【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了2025年1月7日西藏定日县发生地震后，中国展现出的高效救援速度和以人为
本的救灾行动。
1．细节理解题。根据“Many natural disasters happen suddenly, On 7 January 2025, an earthquake hit Dingri
County in Xizang.”可知，地震发生在2025年1月7日。故选B。
2．词句猜测题。根据“Drones flew over the area to send food and provide help.”可知，是指无人机飞过该地
区派送食物和提供帮助，provide表示“提供”，与offer同义。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“Drones flew over the area to send food and provide help.”可知，使用无人机是为了派
送食物和提供帮助。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据“The warm food not only made them full, but also made them feel better.”可知，空处应
是介绍为受灾区提供热食，选项A“那天晚上，灾区的人们吃上了热饭。”符合语境。故选A。
5．主旨大意题。根据“The fast rescue worked in Dingri earthquake shows China’s strong power to face natural
disasters. It also shows that the country cares a lot about people’s lives.”可知，文章主旨是展示中国快速的救援能力和对人民生命的关怀。故选D。
Different natural disasters can bring great harm to people’s lives and homes. Let’s learn about some
common ones and how to stay safe.
First, typhoons are strong tropical storms with heavy rain and strong winds. When a typhoon is coming,
you should close all windows and stay indoors. If you are outside, find a strong building to hide in and stay away
from trees.
Second, floods often happen after heavy rain or when rivers overflow. If there’s a flood warning, move to
higher ground quickly. Don’t walk or drive through deep water, as it’s easy to get stuck.
Third, earthquakes are sudden shakes of the ground. During an earthquake, if you are indoors, hide under a
strong table or desk. Stay away from windows and heavy furniture. If you are outdoors, move to an open area like
a playground.
Fourth, wildfires usually start in dry weather. If you are near a wildfire, move to a place with no trees or
grass. Cover your mouth and nose with a wet cloth to avoid breathing in smoke.
Remember, being prepared is the best way to stay safe during natural disasters!
1．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．How natural disasters form. B．Common natural disasters and safety tips.
C．The damage caused by typhoons. D．How to predict natural disasters.
2．What should you do when a typhoon is coming?
A．Stay indoors and close windows. B．Walk through deep water.
C．Hide under a strong table. D．Move to an open area.
3．When floods happen, you should ________.
A．stay in your home B．move to higher ground
C．drive through deep water D．plant more trees
4．During an earthquake, if you are outdoors, you should ________.
A．hide under a desk B．stay near windows
C．go to an open area D．climb a tree
5．What can you do to avoid smoke during a wildfire?
A．Run quickly through the fire. B．Cover your mouth with a wet cloth.
C．Stay near trees. D．Breathe deeply.
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了台风、洪水、地震和野火这四种常见的自然灾害，并分别给出了对应的安全防护建议。
1．主旨大意题。根据“Different natural disasters can bring great harm to people’s lives and homes. Let’s learn
about some common ones and how to stay safe.”可知，文章主要介绍了常见的自然灾害以及对应的安全防护
建议。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“When a typhoon is coming, you should close all windows and stay indoors.”可知，台
风来临时，应该待在室内并关上所有窗户。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“If there’s a flood warning, move to higher ground quickly.”可知，洪水发生时，应该
迅速转移到地势较高的地方。故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据“If you are outdoors, move to an open area like a playground.”可知，地震发生时如果
在户外，应该前往操场等开阔地带。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据“Cover your mouth and nose with a wet cloth to avoid breathing in smoke.”可知，野火
发生时，用湿布捂住口鼻可以避免吸入烟雾。故选B。
URUMQI—An earthquake of level 7.1
Home/China/Society
struck Wushi county in Northwest China’s
7.1 magnitude quake hits Northwest Xinjiang at 2:09 a.m. Tuesday (Beijing Time),
China’s Xinjiang according to the China Earthquake Networks
Center (CENC).
Date: January 23rd, 2024
Time: 02:09:05
Level:7.1
Location : 41.26°N; 78.63°E
Depth: 22 km
Distance: 41 km WNW of Akqi 92 km NW of
Kelpin
135 km W of Akesu
Comments: Mr. Huang
The bed was shaking when the earthquake happened. I quickly put myself under a desk. I
told myself to calm down again and again.
2024-1-23 04:33 From Xinjiang
Miss Liu
I nearly cried. I don’t think I am a brave person when I face the earthquake.
2024-1-24 07:48 From Xinjiang
Mrs. LiThanks a lot to my neighbor in the earthquake. She helped me carry one of my babies
and we ran out of the building together. We stayed in a big square for a long time.
2024-1-25 16:50 From Xinjiang
1．When did the earthquake hit Wushi?
A．At 02:09 on January 23rd, 2024. B．At 04:33 on January 23rd, 2024.
C．At 07:48 on January 24th, 2024. D．At 16:50 on January 25th, 2024.
2．How far is it from the centre of Wushi Earthquake to Akesu?
A．22 kilometres.B．41 kilometres. C．92 kilometres. D．135 kilometres.
3．What do you think of Mrs. Li’s neighbor?
A．She is ugly but funny. B．She is kind and helpful.
C．She is thin but brave. D．She is calm and serious.
4．What can we know from the passage?
A．Mr Huang kept himself under the bed.
B．Miss Liu was afraid during the earthquake.
C．The earthquake struck Wushi on Thursday.
D．Mrs Li stayed inside a building.
5．Where can you read this text on the Internet?
A．http://www.hotsports.com B．http://www.chinadaily.com
C．http://www.brightschool.edu.cn D．http://www.historyworld.edu.cn
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．B 5．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了中国西北新疆乌什县发生7.1级地震的相关情况，包括地震发生的时间、地点、
震级等信息，还呈现了不同人在地震后的评论。
1．细节理解题。根据“An earthquake of level 7.1 struck Wushi county in Northwest China’s Xinjiang at 2:09
a.m. Tuesday (Beijing Time), according to the China Earthquake Networks Center (CENC).”以及“Date: January
23rd, 2024”可知，地震发生在2024年1月23日凌晨2点09分。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据“135 km W of Akesu”可知，乌什地震中心距离阿克苏135公里。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据“Thanks a lot to my neighbor in the earthquake. She helped me carry one of my babies
and we ran out of the building together.”可知，李太太的邻居在地震中帮助她抱孩子并一起跑出大楼，说明
邻居善良且乐于助人。故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据“Miss Liu I nearly cried. I don’t think I am a brave person when I face the earthquake.”
可知，刘小姐在地震时几乎哭了，觉得自己不勇敢，说明她在地震时很害怕。故选B。
5．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文围绕新疆乌什县地震这一社会新闻事件展开，最有可能在新闻类网站看到，http://www.chinadaily.com是新闻网站。故选B。
No one wants to be caught in a dangerous and extreme situation. If the unthinkable does take place, having
a plan and knowing what to do could make all the difference for you and your loved ones.
Flood Floods can happen very suddenly. Flood water can be deeper than it looks. It can carry you away, so
stay away! Glass, snakes, and dirty things can be in flood water. They can make you sick, so don’t drink it even if
you are thirsty.
Tornado A tornado happens during some storms. If there’s a tornado warning, go someplace, such as a
small and sturdy (结实的) bathroom, which is safe from the wind and flying things. Remember to keep away from
windows or anything heavy that might fall on you. Get down low and cover your head with your arms.
Earthquake You can stay safe during an earthquake by moving away from things that might fall. Get down
under something that’s strong if you can’t rush out of the building right away. Protect your neck and head with
your arms. If you’re outside, go to an open space. Stay away from trees or anything that might fall over and hurt
you.
Bushfire Bushfires, also known as wildfires, are common across the world during the hotter months. It is
important that you try to stay calm in a bushfire. Some fires can start so quickly that they threaten (威胁) homes
and lives within minutes, so your safest choice is always to leave early. You’d better prepare an emergency
survival kit and have it handy at all times.
1．What is the purpose of the passage?
A．To teach readers how to stay safe in natural disasters.
B．To introduce different types of natural disasters.
C．To show that natural disasters are getting more common.
D．To warn readers to stay away from wildfire areas.
2．How many kinds of natural disasters are mentioned in the passage?
A．3 B．4 C．5 D．6
3．What can you do to keep safe when a tornado comes?
A．Drink flood water if thirsty. B．Wait for help in a bushfire.
C．Stay away from windows and flying things. D．Stay under trees after an earthquake.
4．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Predictions About Natural Disasters B．Ways to Keep Safe in Natural Disasters
C．Reasons for Natural Disasters D．Types of Natural Disasters
5．Where can the passage be found?
A．A science magazine. B．A dictionary. C．A diary. D．A sports poster.【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了在洪水、龙卷风、地震、丛林大火等自然灾害中保持安全的方法。
1．主旨大意题。根据 “having a plan and knowing what to do could make all the difference…”可知，本文目
的是教读者在自然灾害中如何保持安全。故选A。
2．细节理解题。文中依次提到了Flood “洪水”、 Tornado“龙卷风”、Earthquake“地震”、Bushfire“丛林
大火”四种自然灾害，因此数量为4种。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据文章第三段 “Remember to keep away from windows or anything heavy that might fall
on you.” 可知，龙卷风来临时，要远离窗户和可能被风吹起的重物。故选C。
4．最佳标题题。文章通篇围绕 “在自然灾害中保持安全的方法” 展开，分别介绍了不同灾害下的应对
措施。故选B。
5．推理判断题。本文是一篇科普性的说明文，介绍了自然灾害中的安全知识，这类内容最可能出现在科
学杂志中。故选A。
My dad and I went hiking in the mountain. We enjoyed the fresh air and decided to stay in the hotel for two
days. However, I had one of the most terrible experiences of my life! A storm woke me up early. I got up and
looked out of the window of our hotel. I listened to the thunder and watched the lightning. It wasn’t scary at that
time—it was exciting!
But then I looked at my phone and saw on the news that a hurricane was coming. I asked my dad what a
hurricane was and asked him if he knew what to do. He told me not to worry because a hurricane was just a big
storm. We stayed in our hotel room and by the afternoon, there was even more rain. And the winds were getting
stronger and stronger.
In the evening, a hotel worker asked all the visitors to go to the dining hall. When we were all inside, we
put tables in front of the doors and then we got down on the floor together in the corner. We waited and waited.
The winds got louder, the rain became heavier and then it suddenly went dark. I was so startled that I held (抓住)
my dad’s hand. We stayed there for a long time.
Finally, morning arrived. The storm was over. I felt so happy that we were safe. I hope I will never have a
night like that again.
1．The writer learned what a hurricane was ________.
A．on his phone B．in the newspaper
C．from his father D．on the computer
2．What does the underlined word “startled” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Happy. B．Afraid. C．Bored. D．Excited.3．How did the writer’s feelings change in the passage?
A．Excited→worried→scared→happy.
B．Worried→excited→happy→scared.
C．Scared→excited→worried→happy.
D．Happy→excited→worried→scared.
4．What’s the best title for the passage?
A．A Nice Hotel Worker B．A Piece of Bad News
C．Visiting a Special Hotel D．Experiencing a Hurricane
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和父亲在山中徒步旅行时遭遇飓风的经历。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“I asked my dad what a hurricane was and asked him if he knew what to do.”可
知，作者从父亲那里了解到了飓风是什么。故选C。
2．词句猜测题。根据第三段“I was so startled that I held my dad’s hand.”以及上下文可知，当时风越来越
大、雨越来越猛，还突然停电了，作者抓住了爸爸的手，这种情境下的情绪是害怕的；因此，划线单词
“startled”在这里意为“受惊的、害怕的”，与“afraid”同义。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据第一段“It wasn’t scary at that time—it was exciting!”，第二段“He told me not to
worry...”，第三段“I was so startled that I held my dad’s hand.”以及第四段“I felt so happy that we were safe.”
可知，作者的情感变化是兴奋→担心→害怕→开心。故选A。
4．最佳标题题。综全全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者和父亲在山中徒步旅行时经历飓风的过程和感受，
选项D“经历一场飓风”概括了全文主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选D。
重难语篇练习
Ragasa (桦加沙), the 18th typhoon of 2025, was a super typhoon with the maximum wind near the center
reaching above level 17.
Ragasa was predicted to bring extreme rainfall to southern coastal areas of China, with minimal effects on
northern areas. While the typhoon’s effects were expected to end by late September, another typhoon moving west
into the South China Sea could affect the area in early October and might bring further wind and rain, requiring
continued vigilance (警戒).
Although Typhoon warnings would be cancelled as Ragasa weakened after landing, heavy rain and strong
winds might still cause secondary disasters such as flooding, mudslides and landslides. Close attention was still
essential. Generally, typhoons generated from June to August are classified as “summer typhoons”, while those
formed from September to November are referred to as “autumn typhoons”. From 1949 to 2024, there were 867“summer typhoons”, making it the most active season for typhoons. “Autumn typhoons” totalled 859, accounting
for 49.8% of typhoons of each year, and ranking the second-most active period, China Media Group reported.
Ragasa is an “autumn typhoon”. According to weather data from 1949 to 2024, “autumn typhoons” tend to
be stronger and have a greater effect compared to the summer ones, according to CMG.
From August to September, the tropical (热带的) ocean temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere (半球)
reach the highest point, creating good conditions for typhoon formation and energy increase. As autumn sets in,
cold air becomes more active, speeding up the wind near the typhoon’s center, further leading to the
intensification of the storm. As a result, the possibility of severe or super typhoons happening in the autumn is
higher. Additionally, the combination of “autumn typhoons” and cold air can cause intense rainfall, leading to
more severe disasters.
1．How does the writer start the passage?
A．By listing numbers. B．By giving an example.
C．By stating a fact. D．By telling a story.
2．What might happen in early October based on the passage?
A．Ragasa would return with stronger winds.
B．Another typhoon could bring wind and rain.
C．The South China Sea would become calm.
D．Summer typhoons would start to form.
3．What can we infer from Paragraph 3 about Ragasa?
A．Once a typhoon weakens, it causes no more danger at all.
B．Typhoons in autumn are much stronger than summer ones.
C．Most typhoons happen during the autumn season each year.
D．The period from June to August sees the most typhoons.
4．What does the underlined word “intensification” most likely mean in paragraph 5?
A．The process of becoming stronger.
B．The movement of changing direction
C．The process of becoming weaker.
D．The stop of all storm activities.
5．What is the main purpose of this passage?
A．To compare summer typhoons with autumn typhoons.
B．To explain why autumn typhoons are stronger.
C．To provide general knowledge about a super typhoon.D．To warn people about the disasters caused by typhoons.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．C
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了2025年第18号超强台风“桦加沙”（Ragasa）的基本情况，
探讨了秋台风的特点、强度成因（如海洋温度高、冷空气活跃等），并提醒持续警惕后续灾害。
1．推理判断题。根据文章开头“Ragasa, the 18th typhoon of 2025, was a super typhoon with the maximum
wind near the center reaching above level 17.”可知，作者通过陈述一个事实（台风Ragasa的基本信息）来开
始文章。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“...another typhoon moving west into the South China Sea could affect the area in
early October and might bring further wind and rain...”可知，十月初可能有另一个台风带来风雨。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据第三段“From 1949 to 2024, there were 867 ‘summer typhoons’, making it the most
active season for typhoons.”可知，从六月到八月（夏季）是台风最活跃的季节。故选D。
4．词句猜测题。根据第五段“As autumn sets in, cold air becomes more active, speeding up the wind near the
typhoon’s center, further leading to the intensification of the storm.”可知，冷空气活动加速台风中心附近的风
速，进一步导致风暴的“增强”。“intensification”在这里表示“加强，强化”的意思。故选A。
5．主旨大意题。全文围绕超强台风Ragasa展开，介绍了其强度、可能影响、所属的秋台风类别特点以及
秋台风更强的科学原因，旨在提供关于这个超强台风的一般性知识。故选C。
In recent years heat and droughts (干旱) happen in many places around the world. The droughts caused
serious problems, including shortages of food and energy, and problems with transportation. Droughts aren’t new,
but the earth’s rising temperatures because of global warming are making them much harder to avoid.
The drought in the Horn of Africa may be the most serious. For several years, the area has had very little
rain during the rainy seasons. The area suffered (遭受) from its worst drought in 40 years. The dry conditions
have killed millions of farm animals and damaged the crops. The United Nations warned that as many as 22
million people in the area were in danger of getting hungry.
Almost two-thirds of Europe suffered from what might be the worst drought in 500 years. With
temperatures reaching 40℃ and higher, many crops have died. The low water levels cut the amount of
hydroelectric (水力发电的) power that could be produced. Some rivers were so low that the heavy boats that
carried coal couldn’t travel on them.
In the US, the two largest reservoirs (水库), Lake Mead and Lake Powell are fed by the Colorado River.
But they were at low levels because of the drought. The reservoirs are used to create hydroelectric energy. That
could end if water levels drop farther.
China faced similar problems. Some areas suffered from a terrible drought, with temperatures as high as45℃. The drought dried up much of the water in the Yangtze River. That cut the amount of energy produced by
the world’s largest dam (大坝) by about 40%.
There are no easy ways of dealing with any of these droughts. Governments and people need to carefully
manage water resources as much as possible.
1．What problems did the droughts cause according to the first paragraph?
a. Lower costs of living. b. The rise in coal prices.
c. Shortages of food and energy. d. Problems with transportation.
A．a & b. B．a & c. C．c & d. D．b & d.
2．What does the underlined word “damaged” probably mean?
A．Harmed. B．Controlled. C．Collected. D．Dried.
3．Which is the right structure of the passage? (① = paragraph 1 ②= paragraph 2…)
A．①/②③④/⑤/⑥ B．①/②/③④⑤/⑥ C．①/②③④⑤⑥ D．①/②③④⑤/⑥
4．What is the writer’s purpose of writing the text?
A．To develop students’ interest in geography.
B．To explain why and how the droughts happened.
C．To introduced some important countries with droughts.
D．To show problems the droughts have caused around the world.
5．What can we learn from the passage?
A．The drought in Europe was the worst all over the world.
B．The droughts are hard to avoid because of global warming.
C．China didn’t suffer from high temperatures above 40℃.
D．Lake Mead and Lake Powell couldn’t produce hydroelectric energy.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．D 5．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了全球各地干旱所导致的问题。
1．细节理解题。根据“The droughts caused serious problems, including shortages of food and energy, and
problems with transportation.”可知干旱导致了食物、能源短缺以及交通问题。故选C。
2．词义猜测题。根据“The dry conditions have killed millions of farm animals and damaged the crops. The
United Nations warned that as many as 22 million people in the area were in danger of getting hungry.”可知该地
区有多达2200万人面临饥饿的危险，可见干旱导致了农作物的损害，故划线部分意为“损害”，和选项
A意义相近。故选A。
3．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出介绍全球干旱问题及其影响；第二至五段分别介绍了非洲之角、欧洲、美国和中国的干旱情况；第六段总结，提出应对干旱的建议。选项D符合文章结构。故选
D。
4．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了全球各地干旱所导致的问题。故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据“The earth’s rising temperatures because of global warming are making them much
harder to avoid.”可知由于全球变暖，干旱更难避免。故选B。
