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必修二 Unit4 History and Traditions
Part 1 单元词汇过关（写作词汇+核心词汇+高频词汇词性转换+重点句
型）
Part 2 单元核心词汇精讲精练
Part 3 单元重点句型精讲精练
Part 4 单元核心词汇+句型跟踪检测
Part 1 单元词汇过关
01-单元主题写作词汇积累--介绍一个地方
(1)表达“地理位置”的句式:
... is/lies/is located/is situated +地点状语.某地位于......
... is/lies +数词 +metres above sea level. 某地海拔为...
... located in..., ... is a/an... city/place.位于......,......是一个......的城市/地方。
... is surrounded by... ......被......环绕。(2)表达“面积”的句式:
... has/covers an area of + 数词+square kilometres/ metres.......的面积是......平方千米/米。
..., covering/with an area of +数词 + square kilometres.......,其面积为......平方千米。
(3)表达“人口”的句式:
... has/host a(large/small) population of... ......有......人口。
The population of... is.........的人口数量为......
... is a city with a population of... ......是拥有......人口的城市。
The population of... increases/has grown to.........人口增加到......
(4)表达“气候特征”的句式:
... be very/quite/extremely cold/hot/warm/dry/humid/ sunny/rainy/mild... all the year round.某地
气候终年非常/极其寒冷/炎热/温暖/干燥/潮湿/日光充足/多雨/温和......
The weather differs sharply from one area to another. 各地气候差异很大。
The average temperature of... is about 22℃.......的平均温度是22℃。
The rainy season is between May and July.雨季是在5月到7月。
(5) 表达“历史”的句式:
... has a (long) history of.........有......年的(悠久)历史。
o... dates/goes back to.........可追溯到......
(6)表达“特产特色、名胜景观”的句式:... is one of the famous tourist attractions. ......是著名的旅游景点之一。
... is rich in..., like/such as... ......盛产......,例如/像......
... is famous/ well-known for..., so it attracts sb to visit........以......著名,所以它吸引某人去游
览.......
(7)表达“交通”的句式:
lt is very convenient for you to come/go to... 对你而言，来/去......非常便利。
... has convenient transportation both on land and water......水陆交通都很便利。
You can take a bus/a train/a plane to... = You can go to... by bus/train/plane.你可以乘公共汽车/火
车/飞机去......
The best way to experience... is to take a bus tour. 体验......的最好方法是乘公共汽车旅行。
It takes 2 hours to take a bus from... to... 乘公共汽车从......到......要花两小时。
... is only a few bus stops from downtown. ......离市中心乘公共汽车只有几站地。
02-单元重点词汇背记
1．chief adj. 最重要的；最高级别的n. (公司或机构的)首领；酋长
2．nearby adj. 附近的；邻近的adv. 在附近
3．belong vi. 应在(某处)；适应
4．location n. 地方；地点；位置
5．battle n. 战役；搏斗vi.&vt. 搏斗；奋斗
6．fascinating adj. 极有吸引力的；迷人的
7．charge n. 收费；指控；主管vt. 收费；控告；充电
8．amount n. 金额；数量
9．approach n. 方法；途径；接近vt. 接近；接洽；着手处理vi. 靠近
10．ensure vt. 保证；确保；担保
11．generous adj. 慷慨的；大方的；丰富的
12．position n. 位置；姿态；职位
13．eager adj. 热切的；渴望的
14．poet n. 诗人
15．custom n. 风俗；习俗；习惯
1．chief adj. 最重要的；最高级别的n. (公司或机构的)首领；酋长
2．nearby adj. 附近的；邻近的adv. 在附近
3．belong vi. 应在(某处)；适应4．location n. 地方；地点；位置
5．battle n. 战役；搏斗vi.&vt. 搏斗；奋斗
6．fascinating adj. 极有吸引力的；迷人的
7．charge n. 收费；指控；主管vt. 收费；控告；充电
8．amount n. 金额；数量
9．approach n. 方法；途径；接近vt. 接近；接洽；着手处理vi. 靠近
10．ensure vt. 保证；确保；担保
11．generous adj. 慷慨的；大方的；丰富的
12．position n. 位置；姿态；职位
13．eager adj. 热切的；渴望的
14．poet n. 诗人
15．custom n. 风俗；习俗；习惯
03-单元核心词形拓展
1．puzzle n. 谜；智力游戏；疑问vt.迷惑；使困惑→ ____________ adj.迷惑不解的→
____________ adj.令人迷惑的
2．defend vt. 保护；保卫→ ____________ n．防御；保卫
3．surround vt. 围绕；包围→ ____________ adj. 周围的→____________ n. 周围的事物；
环境
4．evident adj. 明显的；显然的→ ____________ n. 证据；证明
5．achieve vt. 完成；达到→ ____________ n. 成就；成绩；达到
6．announce vt. 宣布；通知；声称→ ____________ n．宣告；宣布；声明
7．greet vt.问候；迎接→ ____________ n．招呼；问候；问候语
8．crowd n．人群；一群人；民众vt.挤满；使……拥挤→ ____________ adj.拥挤的
1．puzzle n. 谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt.迷惑；使困惑→ puzzled adj.迷惑不解的→
puzzling adj.令人迷惑的
2．defend vt. 保护；保卫→ defence n．防御；保卫
3．surround vt. 围绕；包围→ surrounding adj. 周围的→surroundings n. 周围的事物；
环境
4．evident adj. 明显的；显然的→ evidence n. 证据；证明
5．achieve vt. 完成；达到→ achievement n. 成就；成绩；达到
6．announce vt. 宣布；通知；声称→ announcement n．宣告；宣布；声明7．greet vt.问候；迎接→ greeting n．招呼；问候；问候语
8．crowd n．人群；一群人；民众vt.挤满；使……拥挤→ crowded adj.拥挤的
04-单元阅读词汇识记
1．philosophy n．____________
2．individual adj. ____________ n. ____________
3．currency n. ____________
4．military adj. ____________
5．conquer vt. ____________
6．landscape n. ____________
7．ancestor n. ____________
8．feast n. ____________
9．striking adj. ____________
10．transition n. ____________
1．philosophy n．哲学
2．individual adj. 单独的；个别的 n. 个人
3．currency n. 通货；货币
4．military adj. 军事的；军用的
5．conquer vt. 占领；征服；控制
6．landscape n. (陆上，尤指乡村的)风景
7．ancestor n. 祖宗；祖先
8．feast n. 盛宴；宴会；节日
9．striking adj. 引人注目的；显著的
10．transition n. 过渡；转变；变迁
05-单元重点词块闪记
1．____________ 导致
2．____________. 把……和……连接或联结起来
3．____________ 把……加到……
4．____________ 脱离；背叛；逃脱
5．____________ 导致
6．____________ 属于
7．____________ 同(一样也)；和；还8．____________占据；占领；接收；取代
9．____________ 留下
10．____________ 做出变化
11．____________ 追溯到
12．____________ 留心；留意
13．____________ 对……有巨大影响
14．____________ 点缀
15．____________ 组成；编造
16．____________ 不仅仅；多于；超过
1．lead_to 导致
2．join_...to_... 把……和……连接或联结起来
3．add_...to_... 把……加到……
4．break_away_(from_sb./sth.) 脱离；背叛；逃脱
5．result_in 导致
6．belong_to 属于
7．as_well_as 同(一样也)；和；还
8．take_over 占据；占领；接收；取代
9．leave_behind 留下
10．make_changes 做出变化
11．date_back_to 追溯到
12．keep_your_eyes_open_(for) 留心；留意
13．have_a_great_influence_on 对……有巨大影响
14．be_dotted_with 点缀
15．make_up 组成；编造
16．more_than 不仅仅；多于；超过
Part 2 单元核心词汇精讲精练
1.puzzle n．谜；难题 vt.& vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难
【拓展】
in a puzzle感到困惑；不知如何是好
(be) a puzzle to sb. ……对某人来说是个谜
puzzle about/over冥思苦想；苦苦思索
puzzled adj.感到迷惑的be puzzled about对……迷惑不解
※puzzling adj.令人迷惑的
【经典练】
单句填词
(1)To explain the (puzzle) findings，he offers two theories.
(2)Bob Christiansen became (puzzle) about something that，oddly，had not
troubled anyone before：he couldn’t find the park’s volcano. (2019·江苏)
(3) 完成句子
我仍很困惑他们为什么要做此事。
[语境串记] The puzzled look on her face suggested she was puzzling over the puzzling
math problem.
2.join...to...把……和……连接或联结起来
【拓展】
join in参加；加入
join the army参军
【经典练】
(1) The island， (join) to the mainland by a bridge，is easy to go to.
(2) It is said that more than two hundred students (join in) the discussion.
(3) 完成句子
我想知道你是否方便和我一起去参观展览。
3.break away (from sb. /sth. )突然离开；脱离
【拓展】
break up打碎；分裂，解体；结束；关系等破裂
break down垮掉；出故障
break into破门而入
break in破门而入；打断；插话
break out战争、洪水、火灾等爆发
【经典练】
(1)The girl her mother and ran away.这个女孩挣脱了她妈妈，跑开了。
(2)Fred has given me no good reason for wanting to our marriage.
弗莱德没能给我一个想要结束我们婚姻的正当理由。
(3)To my disappointment，the car on the way.让我失望的是，车在半路抛锚了。
(4)Someone my house and stole some money.有人闯入了我的房子，偷了些钱。
(5)He was charging his mobile phone when the fire .他正在给手机充电，这时发生了火灾。
4.belong to属于
【拓展】
belongings n．所有物；财产
※belong to属于，没有被动形式，也不用于完成时和进行时。后面要接宾格代词或名词作
宾语。
【经典练】
(1)The students feel that they .(2019·浙江)
学生们感觉到他们属于某一个特定的群体。
(2) The house my grandfather was sold yesterday. 属于我爷爷的房子昨天被
卖掉了。
(3)Lockers are available to store any (belong) during your visit.
5.surround vt.包围；围绕
【拓展】
surround...with...用……包围……
be surrounded by/with被……包围
surrounding adj.周围的；附近的
surroundings n．环境
【经典练】
(1)Surround yourself uplifting individuals who challenge you to be better.
让一些有正能量的人围绕着你，他们会催你奋进。
(2)Make sure that the people you are positive.
你要确保自己周围是一些积极的人。
(3)The (surround) villages have been included into the growing city.
(4)The buildings have been designed to blend in with their (surround)．
[高级表达]
(5)As the young actor was surrounded by many fans，he was very nervous.(用过去分词短语作
状语改写)
, the young actor was very nervous.
6.evidence n．证据；根据；证明
【拓展】
in evidence显眼；显而易见
There is some/no evidence that...有/没有证据证明……
evident adj.明显的；明白的
It is evident that...很明显……
evidently adv.明显地
【经典练】(1)Scientists have obtained more that plastic is finding its way into the human body.
(2019·江苏)
科学家已经获得更多的证据，这些证据表明塑料正在进入人体。
(7) walking does good to our health.
有证据显示，散步对我们的健康有好处。
(8)This view is especially (evidence)on Kilimanjaro as climbers go through five
ecosystems in the space of a few kilometers.(2019·全国Ⅰ)
(9) most citizens are fond of this film.＝ , most citizens are
fond of this film.
很显然，大多数市民都喜欢这部电影。
7.achievement n．成就；成绩
【拓展】
a sense of achievement成就感
make an achievement取得成就
achieve vt.完成；达到
achieve one’s success 获得成功
achieve one’s goal实现目标
【经典练】
(1)He felt a sense of when he left the boss’ office.
他离开老板的办公室时, 有一种成就感。
(2)The scientist giving us a speech has in this field.
给我们做报告的这位科学家在这个领域取得了巨大的成就。
(3)Kart was offering a way for us to change our lives and .
卡特向我们提供了改变生活和实现梦想的方法。
8.charge vt.& vi.收费；控诉；充电 n．费用；指控；主管
【拓展】
in charge of主管；负责；掌管
in/under the charge of sb. ＝in one’s charge在某人的掌管下；由某人管理
take charge of负责；掌管；接管
charge sb. with sth. /doing sth. 控告某人犯某罪；指责某人做某事
charge...for...就……(向某人)索取……费用
【经典练】
(1) Who do you think will this company after his father retires?
你认为他父亲退休谁会掌管这家公司？
(2) He was charged stealing a car last week，which made all of us puzzled.
(3) 修手机他向我要了50元。[一句多译]
(5)这家公司在格林小姐的掌管之下。
①Miss Green is the company.
②The company is Miss Green.
③The company is .
9.announce vt.宣布；通告
【拓展】
announce sth. to sb. 向某人宣告某事
announce that...宣布……
It is announced that...据宣布……
announcement n．宣布；通告；声明
make an announcement下通知；宣布
【经典练】
(1)We are pleased to announce that all five players were successful.
(2) Tu Youyou was the first Chinese to win the Nobel Prize in Medicine.
据宣布，屠呦呦是第一位获得诺贝尔医学奖的中国人。
(3)One of the chief leaders at the moment.
其中一位主要领导此刻正在下达重要的通知。
[易混辨析] announce，declare
※announce多指提前宣布或公开宣告大家关心的事。
※declare 一般指在正式场合宣布官方的立场或态度，后可跟复合宾语，还有“断言，宣
称”之意。
[选词填空] announce，declare
(4)The government has plans to create 10,000 new jobs.
(5)In April this country war on Germany.
10.amount n．数量 v．总计，共计；相当于，等于
【拓展】
the amount of...……的数量
a large/small amount of＋n.[U]＋v.(单数)
large/small amounts of＋n.[U]＋v.(复数)
amount to共计，总计；等于，相当于
【经典练】
(1)The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision.(2019·北
京)
(2)Even worse， fast food that people eat goes up.
更糟的是，人们吃的快餐的数量增加了。
(3) is spent on the construction of the school.大量的钱被花在该学校的建设上。
(4)Consumers spending on sports-related products amounted ￡9.75 billion.
11.approach v．走近；靠近；接近 n．接近；方法；途径
【拓展】
an approach to… …….的方法
【经典练】
(1)She also dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning.(2019·北京)
她还靠到牙医跟前学习更多关于如何清洗牙齿的知识。
(2) We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group
of tools, apps
and (approach) intended to prevent scammers from getting through.
(2019·北京)
(3)The population of our province is now (approach) 74 million.
(4)The best approach to (build) up your body is to do exercise every day.
12.eager adj.渴望的；热切的
【拓展】
be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事
be eager for sth. 渴望得到某物
※eagerly adv.热切地；急切地
※eagerness n．热切；渴望
【经典练】
(1)Mike break away from the busy city life for a while.
迈克渴望暂时脱离繁忙的城市生活。
(2)When my own son was five years old，I was eager another baby.
(3)“So what do you think will happen?”he asked (eager)．
(4)I couldn’t hide my (eager) to get back home.
13.greet vt.问候；迎接
【拓展】
※greet sb. with...用……来迎接/问候某人
※greeting(s) n．问候
exchange greetings寒暄
【经典练】
(1)When we reached the top of the hill a magnificent view of the sea (greet) us.
(2)As we walked into the house we (greet) by a wonderful smell of baking.
(3) He shook her hand in (greet) and asked politely how everything was.
14.striking adj.引人注目的；异乎寻常的；显著的
【拓展】strike vt.& vi.struck，struck打；撞击；罢工；灾难、疾病等袭击；打动；划火柴；
给……以印象；突然被想到；钟敲响，鸣 n.罢工
be struck by被……所侵袭；被……所打动
It strikes/struck sb. that...某人突然想起……
be/go on strike举行罢工
【经典练】
There was something so about it that it attracted many people’s attention.
这个东西有非常引人注目的地方以至于它吸引了很多人的注意。
[完成句子]
(1)Just before September，Miller and lost his right arm.
刚刚就在九月份前，米勒被车撞了，失去了右臂。
(2) Tonny that generous woman and donated a large amount of money to the
project.
托尼被那位慷慨的女士打动了，为那个项目捐了一大笔钱。
答案
1. confuse
(1)To explain the puzzling(puzzle) findings，he offers two theories.
为了解释这些令人费解的发现，他提供了两个理论。
(2) Bob Christiansen became puzzled(puzzle) about something that，oddly，had not troubled
anyone before：he couldn’t find the park’s volcano.(2019·江苏)
鲍伯·克里斯琴森很困惑：公园里的火山找不到了，奇怪的是，人们在这之前并没有感觉到
异样。
(3)I’m still confused why they must do that thing.
2. join
(1)The island， joined (join) to the mainland by a bridge，is easy to go to.
这个岛由一座大桥与大陆相连，很容易到达。
(2)It is said that more than two hundred students have joined in the discussion.
据说二百多名学生参与了讨论。
(3) 我想知道你是否方便和我一起去参观展览。
I wonder if it is convenient for you to join me in visiting the exhibition.
3.break away
(1)The girl broke away from her mother and ran away.这个女孩挣脱了她妈妈，跑开了。
(2)Fred has given me no good reason for wanting to break up our marriage.
弗莱德没能给我一个想要结束我们婚姻的正当理由。
(3)To my disappointment，the car broke down on the way.让我失望的是，车在半路抛锚了。
(4)Someone broke into my house and stole some money.有人闯入了我的房子，偷了些钱。
(5)He was charging his mobile phone when the fire broke out .他正在给手机充电，这时发生了火灾。
4. belong to
(1)The students feel that they belong to a particular group .(2019·浙江)
学生们感觉到他们属于某一个特定的群体。
(2)The house belonging to my grandfather was sold yesterday.
属于我爷爷的房子昨天被卖掉了。
(3)Lockers are available to store any belongings(belong) during your visit.
在你参观期间，你可以把你所有的携带物存放在储物柜里。
5.surround
(1)Surround yourself with uplifting individuals who challenge you to be better.
让一些有正能量的人围绕着你，他们会催你奋进。
(2)Make sure that the people you surround yourself with are positive.
你要确保自己周围是一些积极的人。
(3)The surrounding(surround) villages have been included into the growing city.
周围的村庄已经被包括进了那个不断发展的城市。
(4)The buildings have been designed to blend in with their surroundings(surround)．
这些建筑物设计巧妙，与周围环境浑然一体。
[高级表达]
(5)As the young actor was surrounded by many fans，he was very nervous.(用过去分词短语作
状语改写)
Surrounded by many fans ，the young actor was very nervous.
6.evidence
(6)Scientists have obtained more evidence that plastic is finding its way into the human body.
科学家已经获得更多的证据，这些证据表明塑料正在进入人体。
(7) There is some evidence that walking does good to our health.
有证据显示，散步对我们的健康有好处。
(8)This view is especially evident(evidence)on Kilimanjaro as climbers go through five
ecosystems(生态系统) in the space of a few kilometers.(2019·全国Ⅰ)
在乞力马扎罗山，当登山者在几公里的空间里穿越五个生态系统时，景色差异尤为明显。
(9) It is evident that most citizens are fond of this film.＝Evidently，most citizens are fond of this
film.很显然，大多数市民都喜欢这部电影。
7.achievement
(1)He felt a sense of achievement when he left the boss’ office.
他离开老板的办公室时，有一种成就感。
(2)The scientist giving us a speech has made a great achievement in this field.
给我们做报告的这位科学家在这个领域取得了巨大的成就。
(3)Kart was offering a way for us to change our lives and achieve our dreams .卡特向我们提供了改变生活和实现梦想的方法。
8. charge
(1) Who do you think will take charge of this company after his father retires?
你认为他父亲退休谁会掌管这家公司？
(2) He was charged with stealing a car last week，which made all of us puzzled.
他被指控上周偷了一辆汽车，这让我们都很迷惑。
(3) 修手机他向我要了50元。
He charged me 50 yuan for repairing the mobile phone.
[一句多译]
(5)这家公司在格林小姐的掌管之下。
①Miss Green is in charge of the company.
②The company is in/under the charge of Miss Green.
③The company is in Miss Green’s charge .
9.announce
(1)We are pleased to announce that all five players were successful.
我们高兴地宣布5位运动员都成功了。
(2) It was announced that Tu Youyou was the first Chinese to win the Nobel Prize in Medicine.
据宣布，屠呦呦是第一位获得诺贝尔医学奖的中国人。
(3)One of the chief leaders is making an important announcement at the moment.
其中一位主要领导此刻正在下达重要的通知。
[选词填空] announce，declare
(4)The government has announced plans to create 10,000 new jobs.
(5)In April this country declared war on Germany.
10.amount
(1)The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision.(2019·北
京)
机器人通话之所以令人头痛，与其说与数量有关，不如说与精确度有关。
(2)Even worse， the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.
更糟的是，人们吃的快餐的数量增加了。
(3) A large amount of money is spent on the construction of the school.
大量的钱被花在该学校的建设上。
(4)Consumers spending on sports-related products amounted to ￡9.75 billion.消费者在体育相
关产品上的花费共计97.5亿英镑。
11.approach
(1)She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning.(2019·北京)
她还靠到牙医跟前学习更多关于如何清洗牙齿的知识。
(2)We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a groupof tools，apps and approaches(approach) intended to prevent scammers from getting through.
我们通过支持和开发旨在防止欺诈者通过的一些工具、应用程序和方法，认识到了问题的
严重性。
(3)The population of our province is now approaching(approach) 74 million.
我省人口现在已接近七千四百万。
(4)The best approach to building(build) up your body is to do exercise every day.
强身健体的最好办法就是每天锻炼。
12.eager
(1)Mike is eager to break away from the busy city life for a while.
迈克渴望暂时脱离繁忙的城市生活。
(2)When my own son was five years old，I was eager for another baby.
我家儿子五岁的时候，我特别想再要一个孩子。
(3)“So what do you think will happen？” he asked eagerly(eager)．
“那么你觉得会发生什么？”他急切地问道。
(4)I couldn’t hide my eagerness(eager) to get back home.我无法掩饰想回家的渴望。
13. greet
(1)When we reached the top of the hill a magnificent view of the sea greeted us.
当我们抵达山顶时，一片壮丽的海景映入眼帘。
(2)As we walked into the house we were greeted (greet) by a wonderful smell of baking.
我们走进房间的时候，烤东西的香气扑鼻而入。
(3) He shook her hand in greeting(greet) and asked politely how everything was.
他握着她的手表示问候，礼貌地问她一切是否都好。
14. striking
(1)There was something so striking about it that it attracted many people’s attention.
这个东西有非常引人注目的地方以至于它吸引了很多人的注意。
[完成句子]
(3)Just before September，Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm.
刚刚就在九月份前，米勒被车撞了，失去了右臂。
(4)Tonny was struck by that generous woman and donated a large amount of money to the
project.
托尼被那位慷慨的女士打动了，为那个项目捐了一大笔钱。
Part 3 单元重点句型精讲精练
1.They use the same flag , known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same
currency and military defence.
像拥有同样的货币和国防一样, 他们也使用同一面国旗, 即英国国旗。
【句式分析】
as well也; 又; 还(常放在句子末尾, 作为副词短语使用)
(1)as well as意为“既……又; 也, 又”, 可连接两个并列成分, 强调其前面的内容, 因此连接并列主语时, 谓语应与前边的主语保持人称和数的一致。
(2)as well as也可以是well的同级比较结构, 表示“和……一样好”。
(3)may/might as well do sth. =had better do sth. 最好做某事; 做……倒也无妨
完成句子
①Since you have started the job, you _______________________.
既然你开始了这份工作, 不妨把它做完吧。
②Of course, I’ll do some reading for fun, _______________________.
当然, 我会为了消遣读些书, 也为了获取知识。
①might/may as well finish it
②and for knowledge as well
2.So what is the difference between them, if any?
如果确有不同含义, 那他们之间的区别是什么呢?
【句式分析】
在if, when, once, until, unless, while, as if等引导的状语从句中, 如果主从句的主
语一致, 或从句的主语是it, 谓语动词中含有be动词时, 有时为了使句子简洁, 可将主语和
be动词省略。在被动语态中有时也采用这种省略现象。
完成句子
①Do you agree that I will put our visit to Yunnan off? ____(如果赞同), write
back to tell me about it as soon as possible.
②_________(如果可能的话), try to go to bed and wake up at the same time
every day.
③He is ready to help others, seldom, ______(如果曾经有过的话), refusing
them when they turn to him.
④Is anybody feeling cold? _____(如果没有的话), let us open the windows.
①If so② If possible ③if ever④ If not
Part 4单元核心词汇+句型跟踪检测
一、单词拼写
1.The country has a long history of producing great writers and ______ (诗人).
【答案】poets
【解析】考查名词及其复数形式。句意：这个国家有产生伟大作家和诗人的悠久历史。分
析句子结构，and前后为并列成分，设空处和 writers并列，需填名词“诗人”的复数形
式。poet意为“诗人”，其复数形式是poets。故填poets。
2.Those (渴望) to achieve their dream are supposed to have stronger motivation
to fight on.
【答案】eager
【解析】考查形容词。句意：那些渴望实现梦想的人应该有更强的动力。eager渴望，主语是复数，根据are supposed to have stronger motivation to fight on可知，句子是一般现在时，
谓语动词用原形。故填eager。
3.China is a developing country ________ (属于) to the third world.
【答案】belonging
【解析】考查现在分词形式作定语。句意：中国是一个属于第三世界的发展中国家。
country后面为定语，动词belong意为“属于”，与country之间是主动关系，应用其动词-
ing形式作后置定语。故填belonging。
4.She admitted having given money to her son, but she didn't know he would do something
______ (非法的).
【答案】illegal
【解析】考查形容词。句意：她承认给了儿子钱，但是她不知道他会干非法的事。分析句
子结构可知，设空处需填形容词作后置定语修饰something；结合汉语提示，illegal“非法
的”符合题意。故填illegal。
5.Tu Youyou, who discovered artemisinin（青蒿素）, is considered to be a woman of great
________（成就）.
【答案】achievements
【解析】考查名词及其复数形式。句意：发现了青蒿素的屠呦呦被认为是一个有伟大成就
的女人。成就achievement。可数名词achievement前面没有不定冠词修饰，故用其复数形
式表示泛指。故填achievements。
6.The ship called at several ______ (港口) between Saigon and Shanghai.
【答案】ports
【解析】考查名词及其复数形式。句意：那艘船在西贡和上海之间停靠了几个港口。根据
空前的several和汉语提示可知，名词port“港口”的复数形式ports符合句意。故填ports。
7.Today, scholars have done large a （数量）of instructive research about restaurants.
【答案】amounts
【解析】考查名词及其复数形式。句意：今天，学者们对餐馆做了大量的指导性的研究。
根据句意和汉语提示可知，此处是名词amount;large amounts of“大量的”，故填amounts。
8.He was c____________（指控）with running the red light when crossing the road, but he
argued with the police.
【答案】charged【解析】考查被动语态。句意：他被指控在过马路时闯红灯，但他和警察发生了争执。分
析句子可知，空处缺谓语动词；根据句意及首字母可知，charge动词，意为“指控”；be
charged with doing sth.被指控做某事，固定短语。故填charged。
9.Making phone calls while driving isn't ___________(合法的) in many countries.
【答案】legal
【解析】考查形容词。句意：在许多国家，开车时打电话是不合法的。分析句子，空处应
为形容词作表语；结合汉语提示，形容词legal“合法的”符合题意。故填legal。
10.During the National Day holiday this year, there were ___________（人群）everywhere, in
the parks, in the temples, on the mountains and on the beaches.
【答案】crowds
【解析】考查可数名词复数。句意：今年国庆节期间，公园里、寺庙中、山上和海滩上到
处都是人群。根据句意和汉语提示可知，可数名词crowd“人群”符合题意，结合空前的
were，此处需用复数形式。故填crowds。
11.The Vikings were a group of people whose ________（祖先）come from the island.
【答案】ancestors
【解析】考查可数名词复数。句意：维京人是一群祖先来自岛上的人。根据句意及汉语提
示可知，此处需要名词作定语从句的主语；ancestor祖先，这里用名词复数表示不止一个，
故填ancestors。
12.He ______ (卷起) up the paper and puts it into a small case, and then reaches into a cage and
gets a bird.
【答案】rolls
【解析】考查动词和第三人称单数形式。句意：他把纸卷起来放进一个小箱子里，然后把
手伸进笼子里抓一只鸟。卷起roll，根据并列的谓语动词puts可知，此处是一般现在时，
He作主语，故用第三人称单数形式。故填rolls。
13.The movie star was g______（欢迎）with cheers from his fans.
【答案】greeted
【解析】考查动词和被动语态。句意：那位影星受到歌迷的喝彩欢迎。因movie star与
greet之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填greeted。
14.He is tired of p______（堆）of homework every day.
【答案】piles【解析】考查名词复数。句意：他厌倦于每天成堆的工作。根据句意和首字母提示可知，
pile名词，意为“堆，大量”，piles of“成堆的……”，固定短语，符合句意。故填piles。
15.The ______ (最高级别的) engineer is very busy and can't be in attendance at today's meeting.
【答案】chief
【解析】考查形容词。句意：首席工程师很忙，不能出席今天的会议。根据句意和结构可
知这里使用形容词作定语修饰名词engineer，最高级别的chief，故填chief。
16.This new ______ (证据) will prove their innocence.
【答案】evidence
【解析】考查名词。句意：这个新证据将证明他们的清白。设空处前面 new为形容词，设
空处应填名词形式，evidence名词，意为“证据，证明”，不可数名词，符合句意。故填
evidence。
17.You will also bring a pack with ______ (零食) made of pork for everyone.
【答案】snacks
【解析】考查名词及其复数形式。句意：你还会带一包猪肉做的零食给大家。“零食”为
名词snack，由a pack可知，零食很多，因此用复数，故填snacks。
18.My father wanted me to attend the university in our ______ (郡) and save money by continuing
to live at home.
【答案】county
【解析】考查名词。句意：我父亲想让我在我们县上大学，并继续住在家里以节省开支。
county郡，可数名词；根据句意，此处用单数形式，故填county。
19.I have a tight _______ (预算) for the trip, so I'm not going to fly unless the airlines lower ticket
prices
【答案】budget
【解析】考查名词。句意：我这次旅行的预算很紧，所以除非航空公司降低票价，否则我
就不坐飞机了。budget预算，因前面由a修饰，要用单数形式，故填budget。
20.Since the Western Han Dynasty, it has been the ___________（风俗）of climbing on the
Chongyang Festival.
【答案】custom
【解析】考查名词。句意：从西汉开始，重阳节就有登高的习俗。分析句子可知，本空要
使用名词做表语，根据句意和climbing on the Chongyang Festival可知，重阳节登高是一种习俗，名词custom“习俗”，可数名词，本句是特指“重阳节”这一登高习俗，名词要使用
单数形式，故填custom。
二、单句语法填空
1.To prepare effectively for the IELTS test, you should get ( profession) advice from
a teacher.
【答案】professional
【解析】考查由名词转换形容词。句意：为了有效地准备雅思考试，你应该从老师那里得
到专业的建议。分析句子可知，空格处作定语，修饰名词advice，所以要用形容词，根据
from a teacher和提示词语可知，professional专业的，形容词。故填professional。
2.The central leadership has introduced a new food policy in ______ (defend) of food security.
【答案】defense/defence
【解析】考查由动词转换名词。句意：为了维护粮食安全，中央领导出台了新的粮食政
策。defense/defence 保卫，防御，名词，in defense/defence of，固定短语，意为“为保
卫……”。故填defense/defence。
3. Everyday's sunshine will remind me of that merry period ______ (属于) to you and me.
【答案】belonging
【解析】考查现在分词形式作定语。句意：每天的阳光都会让我想起那段属于你和我的快
乐时光。属于belong，作后置定语，和period是逻辑主谓关系，要用动词-ing形式，故填
belonging。
4.The drum is a kind of instrument played by ______（strike）with the hand or with a stick.
【答案】striking
【解析】考查现在分词形式作介词宾语。句意：鼓是一种用手敲击或用棍子击打的乐器。
by是介词，后面加动词的-ing形式做宾语，strike敲击。故填striking。
5.With final examinations ______ (approach), we are supposed to work harder and harder.
【答案】approaching
【解析】考查现在分词形式作宾语补足语。句意：随着期末考试的临近，我们应该更加努
力学习。approach临近，动词。分析句子可知，此处是with的复合结构，为with+宾语+宾
语补足语。final examinations和动词approach之间是主动关系，故用动词的-ing结构作宾语
补足语。故填approaching。
6.The vote was completed. The chairman ______ (announce) the result.【答案】announced
【解析】考查谓语动词过去式。句意：投票结束。主席宣布了结果。此处要填入动词作谓
语，根据汉语提示可知，announce宣布；根据前一句was completed可以判断，本句是一般
过去时。故填announced。
7.As the teacher __________ (approach) the dormitory(宿舍) of his students, the room became
quiet.
【答案】approached
【解析】考查谓语动词过去式。句意：当老师走近学生们的宿舍时，房间变得安静了。
approach动词，意为“接近，靠近，走近”；根据主句中的became可知从句时态为一般过
去时。故填approached。
8.Although he has sought to find a peaceful ______ (solve), he is facing pressure to use greater
military force.
【答案】solution
【解析】考查由动词转换名词。句意：尽管他一直在寻求和平解决方案，但他面临着使用
更大的军事力量的压力。根据前面的 a可知，空格处用名词。名词形式为solution，意为
“解决方案”，故填solution。
9.They've taken all possible measures to ______（sure）the safety of the president.
【答案】ensure
【解析】考查由形容词转换动词。句意：他们采取了所有可能的措施，以确保总统的安
全。动词不定式to后跟动词原形；ensure是动词，确保。故填ensure。
10.The streets of Manhattan are very ________（crowd）because so many people live and work
in there.
【答案】crowded
【解析】考查由动词转换形容词。句意：曼哈顿的街道非常拥挤，因为有那么多人在那里
生活和工作。根据句意和提示词，此处需要用形容词作表语，符合逻辑，在句中作表语，
故填crowded。
11.______ (surround) with many trees, the school looks more beautiful.
【答案】Surrounded
【解析】考查过去分词形式作状语。句意：学校周围被树木环绕，看起来更漂亮。分析句
子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词looks，设空处需填非谓语动词作状语，the school和“围绕”之间为被动关系，所以要用动词的-ed形式；surround动词，意为“环绕”，符合题
意；句首单词首字母要大写。故填Surrounded。
12.Hearing that, she broke down and wept, tears ________(roll) down her cheeks.
【答案】rolling
【解析】考查现在分词形式作状语。句意：听到那件事, 她失声痛哭, 眼泪从她的面颊上滚
下来。根据句意以及首字母可知，此处要用动词roll（滚动）。在独立主格结构中，非谓
语动词roll和其逻辑主语tears之间是主动关系，故用其现在分词的形式作状语，故填
rolling。
13.Seeing his ______ (puzzle) expression, I decided to explain again.
【答案】puzzled
【解析】考查由动词转换形容词。句意：看到他困惑的表情，我决定再解释一遍。分析句
子可知，设空处应为形容词作定语，修饰名词expression；此处修饰人，故应用-ed结尾的
形容词；根据汉语提示，puzzled 形容词，意为“困惑的，茫然的”符合句意。故填
puzzled。
14.Christmas is almost here. Please send my Christmas ______ (greet) to her.
【答案】greetings
【解析】考查由动词转换名词。句意：圣诞节快到了。请代我向她致以圣诞问候。分析句
子结构，设空处需填名词“问候”，greeting意为“问候”。send one's greetings为固定用
法，意为“致意”，故填greetings。
15.Severe damage witnessed the d______ force of the storm.
【答案】destructive
【解析】考查由动词转换形容词。句意：严重的破坏见证了风暴的破坏力。分析句子可
知，要填形容词destructive（破坏性的）修饰名词force，故填destructive。
三、完成句子
1．我脸上火辣辣的，我为我对你所做的事情感到羞愧。(读后续写之心理描写)(what引
导的宾语从句)
With my face burning，I was ashamed of
_______________________________________.
2．欢迎任何对这部电影感兴趣的人到位于第三教学楼第一层的学校演讲大厅。(过去分
词短语作后置定语)
Anyone who is keen on the film is welcome to the school’s lecture
hall ________________________________________.3．他修房顶的时候，摔断了腿，这让大家很担心他。(have sth done)
He ________________________________________ while restoring the roof，which
made everyone worried about him.
4．由于他们仍旧气喘吁吁、心跳飞快，他们相信刚刚所发生的事是真的。(读后续写之
紧张心理描写)(with的复合结构)
As they were still breathless，________________________________________，they
were convinced that what had happened just now was true.
5．你昨天晚上熬夜到那么晚，今天发困不足为奇。(It is＋adj.＋that...)
You stayed up so late last night；________________________________________.
1．我脸上火辣辣的，我为我对你所做的事情感到羞愧。(读后续写之心理描写)(what引
导的宾语从句)
With my face burning，I was ashamed of what I had done to you .
2．欢迎任何对这部电影感兴趣的人到位于第三教学楼第一层的学校演讲大厅。(过去分
词短语作后置定语)
Anyone who is keen on the film is welcome to the school’s lecture hall located on the first
floor of the third teaching building .
3．他修房顶的时候，摔断了腿，这让大家很担心他。(have sth done)
He had his leg broken while restoring the roof，which made everyone worried about him.
4．由于他们仍旧气喘吁吁、心跳飞快，他们相信刚刚所发生的事是真的。(读后续写之
紧张心理描写)(with的复合结构)
As they were still breathless，with their hearts beating wildly ，they were convinced that
what had happened just now was true.
5．你昨天晚上熬夜到那么晚，今天发困不足为奇。(It is＋adj.＋that...)
You stayed up so late last night；it is not surprising that you feel sleepy today .
