2026 届高考英语语法填空分类强化100 题（高考真题+名校模拟）
专题32 语法填空之航空航天探索16 篇 原卷版
（神舟21 号载人航天+指令长张陆+中国空间站）
【原创】神舟二十一号瞄准10 月31 日23 时44 分发射：张陆、武飞、张洪章太空出差
Shenzhou XXI launch to Tiangong space station set for Friday
China plans to launch three astronauts into low-Earth orbit on Friday night to exchange 1 (crew)
onboard its Tiangong space station, according to the China Manned Space Agency.
A Long March 2F carrier rocket 2 (schedule) for lift off from the Jiuquan spaceport at 11:44 pm
on Friday. The rocket will carry the Shenzhou XXI mission crew, headed by Senior Colonel Zhang Lu with Wu Fei
and Zhang Hongzhang, toward the Tiangong, 3 has been manned by their Shenzhou XX peers for
more than six months.
After the Shenzhou XXI spacecraft enters its preset orbital position, it will activate the rapid autonomous
rendezvous-docking mode 4 take about three and a half hours to approach and connect with the front
port on the Tianhe core module.
The Shenzhou XXI team is tasked with operating and maintaining the Tiangong space station during their six-
month 5 (fly). The mission will become the second time for Zhang Lu 6 (work) in space,
some 29 months after he returned from the Shenzhou XV flight.
7 (complete) in late 2022, the Tiangong is the only operating space station 8
(independent) run by a single nation, orbiting Earth at 9 altitude of about 400 kilometers. The orbital
outpost has been manned by the Shenzhou XX astronauts 10 their arrival in late April. The team is
scheduled to fly back to Earth after several days of handover work with their successors.
【导读】执行神舟二十一号载人飞行任务的航天员乘组由张陆、武飞、张洪章组成，张陆担任指令长。飞
船入轨后，将采用自主快速交会对接模式，约3.5 小时后对接于天和核心舱前向端口，形成三船三舱组合
体。
【原创】China unveils Shenzhou-21 crew for space station mission
JIUQUAN, Oct. 30 (Xinhua) -- Chinese astronauts Zhang Lu, Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang will carry out the
Shenzhou-21 crewed spaceflight mission, and Zhang Lu will be the 1 (command), the China Manned
Space Agency announced at a press conference on Thursday.
The Shenzhou-21 crewed spaceship is scheduled 2 (launch) at 11:44 p.m. Friday from the Jiuquan
Satellite Launch Center in northwest China. Zhang Lu was a crew member of the Shenzhou-15 mission. Wu Fei and
Zhang Hongzhang, 3 from the third batch of Chinese astronauts, will carry out the spaceflight mission
for the first time.
This mission is the 4 (six) manned flight mission 5 the space station entered the
application and development phase, and the 37th flight of China's manned spaceflight program.
The Shenzhou-21 astronauts 6 (complete) in-orbit rotation with the Shenzhou-20 crew, and stay
in the space station for about six months. The new crew will carry out work on space science and application, perform
extravehicular activities and cargo handling, install space debris protection devices, 7 recover
extravehicular payloads and equipment. They will also participate 8 science education and public
welfare activities, and conduct in-orbit 9 (experiment).
The Shenzhou-20 crew will return to the Dongfeng landing site in north China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous
Region after 10 (finish) the in-orbit handover with the Shenzhou-21 crew.
语法填空航空航天探索专辑
01（25-26 高三上·广东·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lanyue, or Embracing the Moon, first appeared in a poem written by the late Chairman Mao Zedong in 1965.
The word “Lanyue” 1 (symbolize) the Chinese people’s ambition and 2 (confident) in their
exploration of the universe and expedition to the moon.
The name of the new crew spaceship is Mengzhou, or Dream Vessel, 3 represents its responsibility of
fulfilling the Chinese nation’s dream of landing on the moon to start 4 new journey of space adventure,
according to the agency.
It noted that there will be two models of the Mengzhou — one will be used 5 (transport) astronauts to
the moon while the other will replace the current spaceship Shenzhou to ferry crew members between Earth and the
Tiangong space station, which 6 (orbit) around the Earth for about three years.
China has announced its plan of conducting its first 7 (man) mission to the moon around 2030,
when the Lanyue lunar lander will have two parts — a landing section and a launching section, weighing 8
(approximate) 26 tons. It will accommodate two astronauts and a 200-kilogram rover.
The Mengzhou spacecraft will also consist 9 two major components — a reentry module (返回
舱) housing astronauts and serving as the control center for the entire craft during spaceflight, and a service module
containing power and propulsion systems. The vehicle will be nearly 9 meters in length, 4.5 meters in diameter 10
weigh 22 metric tons.
02（2025·辽宁沈阳·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China launched the Shenzhou XIX manned spaceship on Wednesday. The crew members were fully trained
and prepared, and the launch became 1 hit globally.
Of the three astronauts, Wang Haoze, the only female space flight engineer in China currently, 2
(inspire) many Chinese netizens with her experiences and dedication since the launch.
During her college years, she stood out 3 (academic), ranking at the top of her class. Wang
majored 4 power engineering at college. “From a rocket engine designer to a space flight engineer, my
role has changed, 5 the initial spirit and mission of serving the country in space remains the same,” Wang
said on Wednesday.
As an engineer, Wang previously had no flight experience, 6 (make) the aerospace physiology tests
(航空航天生理学测试) in the selection process particularly challenging. However, she was determined never to be
the first one 7 (ring) the emergency bell.
After nearly a thousand practices, 8 (equip) with what it took to be a qualified astronaut, she set out
on her first space journey.
Wang’s 9 (persevere) has inspired many netizens, some of 10 commented that Wang is
surely working hard and paying a lot of effort.
03（25-26 高三上·河南·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The extravehicular (舱外的) spacesuit B was worn by astronaut Chen Dong on August 15 during the third
series of extravehicular activities (EVAs) of the Shenzhou-20 crew aboard China’s orbiting space station. The suit
thus became the first 1 its kind on China’s space station 2 (meet) the goal of supporting 20
EVAs within 4 years.
3 space station spacesuit B has been worn by 11 astronauts across eight manned space tasks,
according to Zhang Wanxin from the China Astronaut Research and Training Center.
An extravehicular spacesuit is essential equipment for astronauts during EVAs in space, ensuring their safety
and 4 (enable) efficient operations outside the cabin (舱室). The second-generation Feitian extravehicular
spacesuit on China’s space station 5 (have) a three-year service life in orbit, during 6 period it can
be used for at least 15 EVAs, according to its design standards.
China’s space station extravehicular spacesuit is the first flight product in China to perform in-orbit lifespan
7 (assess) and extended use.
On July 15, Tianzhou-9 cargo craft delivered new supplies to China’s space station, including two sets of
second-generation Feitian extravehicular spacesuits, 8 (label) D and E.
Compared to the country’s first-generation Feitian spacesuits for spacewalks, the second-generation suits
feature key technological advances. They have a 9 (long) lifespan. Besides, they are safer and more 10
(rely), and support astronauts’ operations more efficiently, providing strong support for EVAs during the construction
and operation of China’s space station, according to Zhang.
04（24-25 高三下·广西柳州·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确
形式。
Shenzhou-19 crew members aboard China’s orbiting space station completed the first extravehicular
activities(EVAs)of their mission at 9:57 p. m. (Beijing Time) 1 Tuesday, according to the China Manned Space
Agency (CMSA). Cai Xuzhe, Song Lingdong and Wang Haoze worked for nine hours on 2 (complete) multiple
tasks, including the installation of space-debris protection devices. They 3 (assist) by the space station’s
robotic arm and a team on Earth. Cai and Song, the two crew members assigned the EVA duty, have since returned 4
(safe) to the Wentian lab module. The mission of the first extravehicular activities of the Shenzhou-19 crew was 5
great success, setting a new record for the duration of extravehicular 6 (task) by Chinese astronauts, said the
CMSA．It marked Cai’s second EVAs in space, following 7 (he) initial EVAs during the Shenzhou-14 mission
two years ago. Song, 8 is a role model for the younger generation, became the first Chinese astronaut born
after 1990 to carry out EVAs, said the agency. The Shenzhou-19 crew is set to carry out a lot of 9 (schedule)
space-science experiments and technical tests, while they will also undertake extravehicular activities and install
10 (science) equipment outside the space station, the agency added.
05（2025 高三下·全国·专题练习）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。
With the China Manned Space Agency’s 1 (announce) of an open call for space breeding (育种)
experimental projects, China’s “space greenhouse ” is ready to welcome the planting of more new species, as recent
years 2 (see) a significant increase in the variety of crops that have toured around space.
Staple (主食) crops and vegetable crops are the main species that have been promoted 3 (great) on the
ground after space breeding. They include rice, corn, peppers, tomatoes, and other varieties. Many space- bred crops
have now been planted 4 large numbers. The rice species 5 (carry) by the Shenzhou-10 manned
mission have produced nearly 10 new varieties of high- quality, high- production rice in the past five 6 (year).
What’s more, more than 5,000 high-quality vegetable varieties have been bred onboard the Shenzhou series of manned
spacecraft, 7 (create) several new varieties of vegetables such as space peppers and space tomatoes. Space
peppers, for example, contain 20 percent more vitamin (维他命) C than ordinary ones. The production has also been
improved, bringing considerable economic benefits to farmers. Many of these crops have already entered ordinary
households and 8 (serve) at the dinner table nowadays.
9 large number of breeding materials have been sent into space in recent years. It is sure 10
more new varieties with new features and tastes will enter the market soon in the future.
06（2024·四川德阳·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
At 4: 27 a. m. Beijing time on October 30, China’s Shenzhou 19 spacecraft 1 (launch) on a Long
March 2F rocket and docked with the Tiangong space station just 6. 5 hours later.
The launch of the Shenzhou-19 crewed spaceship is 2 complete success, according to the China
Manned Space Agency (CMSA) . This mission marks the 33rd mission of China’s manned space program, 3
(feature) a new crew of astronauts: mission commander Cai Xuzhe, and first-time astronauts Song Lingdong and
Wang Haoze. Remarkably, Wang is only the third female Chinese astronaut 4 (participate) in the spaceflight.
While aboard Tiangong, the crew will conduct 86 science and technology experiments, including cultivating plants
like lettuce and sweet potatoes, and studying fruit flies 5 genetic similarities to humans make them ideal for this
research.
China has 6 (active) carried out space exploration missions in recent years, including the launches of
Chang’e lunar probes, the Mars probe Tianwen-1, 7 the solar exploration satellite Xihe, as well as the
construction of the country’s space station. These missions have continuously deepened people’s understanding of
the universe and contributed to 8 (improve) the well-being of humanity.
As China prepares for manned lunar exploration, astronauts will require special training to deal with the
moon’s 9 (low) gravity than the earth’s. Despite the risks in space travel, China’s “one launch, one backup”
policy ensures 10 (secure) measures are in place. As Shenzhou 19 continues its six-month mission, it
demonstrates China’s progress and ambitions in space exploration.
07（24-25 高三下·广西来宾·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确
形式。
As China’s Shenzhou-19 mission reaches its halfway, the three astronauts aboard the Tiangong space station,
1 (orbit) 400 kilometers above Earth, have shared their experiences during the Spring Festival, 2 offers a
glimpse into their unique lives in space.
The crew commander Cai Xuzhe, who returned to the space station after about two years, described the feeling
as “warm and familiar” in a video 3 (release) on CCTV.
The Shenzhou-19 astronauts entered the space station on Oct. 30, 2024. According to Cai, over the past three
months, the crew has completed 4 series of tasks, including the handover with the Shenzhou-18 crew,
routine 5 (maintain) of the space station, and two spacewalks.
These extravehicular activities (EVAs), 6 (common) known as spacewalks, are essential for repairs,
experiments, 7 testing equipment outside the station.
Song Lingdong, who participated in two spacewalks, shared his awe-inspiring experience. “Before my first
EVA, I imagined what it would be like, but nothing prepared me 8 the moment I opened the hatch and saw
Earth. It was breathtaking,” he recalled. “Climbing on the module walls, I felt as if I was walking on clouds. I 9
(fascinate) by the beauty of space, but at the same time, I felt the weight of our mission.”
Their first nine-hour spacewalk proved China’s new-generation spacesuits to be both safe and 10
(effect), according to Song.
08（2025·河北秦皇岛·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Authorized (授权) by Yang Liwei, China’s first astronaut 1 (enter) space, the Beijing Science and
Technology Press (BSTP) published the picture book First Man on Sunday, marking the twentieth anniversary of
the country’s first manned space travel.
Using pictures, the book 2 (vivid) shows the whole process of Yang’s historic flight in October
2003, including the liftoff, in-orbit flight and return to Earth of the Shenzhou V spaceship.
This book is an opportunity 3 science publishers to introduce the story of Yang Liwei and the
Shenzhou V mission to readers, 4 (allow) them to get to know the Chinese space hero better.
The content of the picture book 5 (base) on Yang’s autobiography (自传), Long March to Space,
6 was published in 2010. Part of the book’s context was included in the country’s middle school textbook in
2021. It soon 7 (become) a trending topic on social media networks.
Yang often attends science population 8 (event), of which the missions are to light up children’s
9
(curious) and to stimulate them to explore science and the unknown. He hopes the new picture book will prove
10 good science population work.
09（2025·四川宜宾·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Shijian-19 is China’s first reusable and returnable test satellite. 1 (send) up on Sept. 27 and having
returned to Earth safely, Shijian-19 has achieved 2 number of technological breakthroughs. The flight tests
confirmed the satellite’s capacity as a high-performance reusable space platform and met all the expected technical
3 (standard).
The Shijian-19 satellite, 4 (weigh) about 3, 500 kilograms, has different configurations (配置) for
various mission requirements. This mission employed a “short-term” version designed for missions lasting about two
weeks. A long-term configuration is capable 5 remaining in orbit longer to support extended experiments.
The recoverable part can carry a payload of between 500 and 600 kilograms.
With high microgravity levels and efficient performance, Shijian-19 typically 6 (serve) as a critical
tool for space science research. It supports studies in areas such as microgravity science and space life science,
offering timely and 7 (rely) results. Additionally, researchers used the satellite 8 (conduct) space
breeding experiments, test new technologies, and further space science experiments. Shijian-19 also 9 (carry)
several payloads for international cooperation, enhancing China’s role in global space exploration efforts.
The Shijian-19 mission is part of China’s broader space program, 10 includes ambitious plans
for deep space exploration, a range of experiments aboard the Tiangong space station, and advancements in reusable
space technologies.
10（2024·四川德阳·模拟预测）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确
形式。
China ramps up space ambitions with record launch schedule
China has ambitious plans for its space industry in 2024, with 1 (approximate) 100 launch missions
scheduled, according to the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corp (CASC), the nation’s leading space
contractor. The announcement of this record-high number of launch plans 2 (make) during a news
conference in Beijing on Monday.
CASC will be responsible for nearly 70% of the planned missions, 3 (arrange) over 20 spacecrafts
into orbit, said Ma Tao, deputy head of the company’s space program planning department. Notable spaceflights for
the year include two 4 (crew) journeys and two unmanned missions to the Tiangong space station.
Experts highlight that 5 (significant) mission in 2024 will be Chang’e 6, tasked with bringing back 6
first-ever samples from the little-known far side of the moon. The majority of planned 7 (launch) will be
conducted by CASC’s Long March rocket family, with additional ones by the company’s secondary rocket series
named Smart Dragon, China Aerospace Science and Industry Corp’s Kuaizhou fleet, and several models from private
companies.
In 2023, China was the second-ranking country in terms of launch numbers, having carried 8 67
rocket launching missions, with 47 conducted by the Long March rocket family, all of 9 were
successful.
The company laid 10 (emphasize) on its contionuous efforts in the research, development and
construction of over 200 spacecrafts to be launched in the coming years.
11（2025·湖北黄石·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China’s moon-landing spacesuit witnesses China’s commitment to innovation and precision engineering.
Designed to tolerate the extreme lunar environment 1 severe temperatures, lack of the atmosphere and
lasting radiation 2 (expose) bring significant challenges, the suit features multiple layers. The inner layer
provides comfort to keep taikonauts (航天员) cool and dry, one of the middle layers maintains atmospheric pressure
essential for survival, and the outer layer, made of strong and heat-resistant materials, 3 (safeguard)
taikonauts from the tough lunar conditions.
The suit is equipped with 4 (remark) features, one of which is its mobility. 5 the multiple
layers and many protective elements, the suit remains flexible. The suit’s gloves, for example, are specially designed to
allow for fine motor skills, making it easier for the taikonaut 6 (handle) tools and equipment.
The suit marks 7 major breakthrough in space technology. It employs cutting-edge materials that
8 (perfect) since their development, including the use of smart materials that adapt to changing conditions for
enhanced protection and comfort. The suit is also packed with high-tech communication and navigation systems, and
a range of sensors and 9 (monitor) devices that provide real-time updates on the taikonaut’s health.
As China continues to extend 10 (boundary) of space exploration, its moon-landing spacesuit will
play an important role in the nation’s pursuit of knowledge and discovery.
12（2025·山东青岛·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
French scientists at the Institute de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP) are conducting testing on Chang’e-5
lunar samples, aiming to better understand the moon’s early origins and its 1 (form).
As part of its April 24 announcement, the China National Space Administration allowed scientists from France,
Germany and the US 2 (borrow) Chang’e-5 lunar samples, further expanding global access to lunar
research materials.
Frederic Moynier, a professor at IPGP, 3 (transport) the Chang’e-5 lunar samples from China to his
lab in Paris. He emphasized 4 rarity of the samples collected from a northern region of the moon’s near
side 5 had never been sampled before.
According to Moynier, these samples show that volcanic activity on the moon existed longer than 6
(previous) thought. Using isotopic (同位素) analysis, he’s identifying origins of various elements 7 (contain)
in the lunar soil. His goal is to compare these findings with other missions’ samples to fill gaps 8 the
understanding of the moon’s history.
Long Zhengyu, a Chinese PhD student at IPGP, pointed out that foreign 9 (laboratory) can provide
analysis and testing conditions for the Chang’e-5 lunar samples from China. The project is more than just a scientific
effort; it also 10 (serve) as a powerful example of global collaboration and knowledge-sharing.
13（2025·湖北黄冈·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
With the assistance of the Queqiao 2 relay satellite, China’s Chang’e 6 1 (land) craft softly settled
on the lunar surface at 6:23 am in a designated site inside the South Pole - Aitken Basin, the largest, oldest and deepest
basin 2 (recognize) on the moon.
The event marked the arrival of China’s and also the world’s second-ever spacecraft on the far side, which
3 (believe) by scientists to hold clues to many mysteries surrounding the moon and the solar system.
In the next two days, the Chinese craft is set to use a 4 (robot) arm and a drill to collect surface and
underground substances and then put them into 5 sealed container before elevating the precious materials into
lunar orbit for a return journey. And the new samples will probably offer researchers around the globe useful keys to
solving their questions about the moon and will likely bring a diversity of invaluable science 6 (payoff).
7 the last moment of the challenging operation, when the craft was several meters above the lunar
surface, its main engine stopped, the craft activated a buffer system 8 it touched down smoothly on the
lunar surface, becoming the second spacecraft 9 (arrive) on the lunar far side after China’s Chang’e 4,
10 achieved this action in January 2019.
14（24-25 高三上·云南·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The first-ever samples retrieved from the moon’s far side, 1 iconic feat achieved by China’s
Chang’e 6 robotic mission, went 2 display at the 75th International Astronautical Congress (IAC).
The IAC, 3 (hold) annually since 1950, is the largest global event in the aerospace sector. This
year’s congress, themed “Responsible Space for Sustainability”, focuses on promoting the sustainable development
of space technologies globally, 4 (ensure) that future space exploration and utilization strike a balance
between scientific advancement and environmental protection.
This is the first time that the 5 (scientific) valuable lunar substances have been shown outside China
since they 6 (bring) back to Earth in June. “The samples, the first materials recovered from the lunar far
side, have unique scientific value and will 7 (far) expand humans’ knowledge about the moon’s history 8
help to gear up (准备好) the exploration and 9 (exploit) of lunar resources.” the administration said, noting
they are “ 10 (share) treasure” of humanity. The samples attracted many participants to the international
conference, including heads of national space agencies and industry representatives.
