专题06 语法填空之解题思路分类指导
01 语法填空思维导图
02 语法填空六年高考考情
2020-2025 年高考语法填空考点统计
年份
卷别
词数
有提示词型
无提示词型
谓语
非谓语
名词
形容词
副词
代词
介词
冠词
数词
并列
句
复合
句
2025
全国一卷
244
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
全国二卷
229
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
2024
新课标I 卷
243
1
2
3
1
1
1
1
新课标Ⅱ
卷
220
2
3
2
1
1
1
全国甲卷
223
2
1
2
1
1
1
2
2023
新课标I 卷
203
4
2
1
1
1
1
新课标Ⅱ
卷
211
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
全国甲卷
220
1
3
1
1
2
1
1
全国乙卷
201
2
3
1
1
1
1
1
2022
新课标I 卷
229
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
新课标Ⅱ
卷
225
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
全国甲卷
219
1
3
1
2
1
1
1
全国乙卷
222
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
2021
新课标I 卷
200
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
新课标Ⅱ
卷
220
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
全国甲卷
186
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
全国乙卷
204
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
2020
新课标I 卷
189
3
1
2
0
1
1
1
1
全国I 卷
210
3
1
1
2
1
2
全国Ⅱ卷
208
1
3
1
2
1
1
1
全国III 卷
235
3
2
1
2
1
1
专家点评：
1.文章长约220 个词，设空10 个。设空密度科学合理；
2.给词填空占6-7 空，自由填空占3-4 空；
3.谓语和非谓语动词是每年必考点，并列句和复合句也是高考热点；
4.实词为主，虚词为辅；介词考查相对比较频繁。
03 语法填空满分策略
1. 浏览全文，明确大意
浏览全文的目的是尽快把握其大意，利用“大意”这条“主线”来引导自己，为下一步填空作好准备。
除大意之外，在通读全文的过程中，考生有必要弄清该文的体裁、题材、中心思想、写作主线、段落层次
等。了解这些问题，有利于考生真正读懂全文大意，也有利于在填空时进行必要的逻辑推理。
2. 细读全文，逐项填空
了解文章大意之后，就可以着手填空了。考生填空的过程实际上是一个判断空缺部分的语义（已给出
词语的除外）和正确的语法形式的思维过程。遇到无法确定的题目，可以先跳过去，不要花费太多的时间
停留在一个空上。对于这些没有答出的题目，后面的内容有可能会给出提示，或者在核查时联系上下文进
行推理。
3. 实用技能，反复颜值
括号内给动词的三种填法：一是谓语动词方向，然后进一步考虑该谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致；
二是非谓语动词方向，再结合语境逻辑和搭配考虑用动词不定式、-ing 形式或过去分词；三是动词词类转
换方向，结合语境考虑动词转化为名词或转化为-ing/-ed 形容词。
填写动词时态语态和主谓一致“四看”：一看句子明确的时间状语，如in the past three months;二看
句子特定的句型，如This is the first time that…;三看主从句时态呼应，如状语从句考虑“主将从现”；
四看特定语境，如科普类文章多用一般现在时，故事经历类文章多用一般过去时。
语法填空两个重要理念：一是同一个考点不重复考查。如谓语考查两个不同时态或同一时态不同语态
非谓语考查to do, -ing 或-ed 形式中1-3 个；名词考查动词变名词或单数变复数；形容词考查变副词或比较
等级等；介词、冠词、代词同一语篇 一般只考查一次。二是括号内所给单词一次变形。想考查副词给形
容词；想考查名词给动词或形容词；想考查形容词给名词或动词；想考查名词复数给名词单数形式。
4. 复读全文，调整答案
在答题时间充裕的情况下，复查是必要的。复查的方法是将所有答案代入短文中进行检查，以最后确
定答案。通读时要注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，避免出现前后矛盾或句子不通顺的问题。一旦理顺全文信
息且多数空也已填好，一开始感到棘手的难点很可能此时已迎刃而解。
语法填空高考真题分类指导
第1 组：括号内给动词填写谓语类
若句中没有其他的谓语动词，或者虽已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语
动词，就要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致，偶尔也有考查虚拟语气的情况。
1.
（2025 北京卷）Making choices is part of life. By the time you brushed your teeth, you __________ (make)
several decisions even without noticing.
2.（2022 全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao _________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in
2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain.
3.（2024 全国甲卷）What should _________ (do) with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud.
4. (2020•全国III 卷)When he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇
的) artist, they smiled and ________ (point) down the river.
第2 组：括号内给动词填写非谓语类
若句中已有谓语动词且不是并列谓语时，则所给动词应用非谓语动词形式。一般而言，v.－ing 形式表示主
动、进行；动词－ed 形式表示被动、完成；动词不定式表示目的、将来、具体或一次性的动作。
5.
（2025 全国二卷）Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing. denying me
the chance __________ (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after
sunning clothes for an entire day.
6. (2025 北京卷)When __________ (travel), we engage with cultures and experiences.
7.（2025 全国二卷）If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt __________ (leave)
to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders.
8. （2023 全国乙卷）As a photographer, I have spent the last two years ___________ (record) everything I
discovered.
第3 组：括号内给动词转化为名词、形容词类
当所给提示词虽为动词，但既不是谓语动词又不是非谓语动词时，就要考虑进行词性转换。高考中常考查
动词变为名词，偶有变形容词或副词的情况。做题时只需根据其所作句子成分来确定其词性便可做出正确
的转换。
9.（2025 全国一卷）“In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into
your trap and force them to follow your ___________ (guide) till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player
among the visitors to the exhibition.
10.（2024 全国甲卷）They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the ___________ ( complete ) of
their journey.
第4 组：括号内给名词填写复数类
所给词为名词时，常考查单复数的变化，此时应首先判断所给名词为可数还是不可数再根据其修饰词来确
定，例如，当其前有one of, many, different, all 等词或短语且所给名词为可数名词时，应用其复数形式；有
时也考查名词的所有格，此时它应做定语，译作“……的”。 所给词为名词时，有时也考查词类转换，
主要是名词变为形容词或动词。
11.（2025 全国二卷）The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the absence of smog
and plenty of blue sky ___________ (afternoon) with lots of fresh air.
12.（2024 新课标II 卷）Although they could never have met, there are common ___________ (theme)in their
works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust.
13. (2021 新课标I 卷)The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how
tiny we ________ (human) are.
第5 组：括号内给名词填写所有格类
14.（2025 浙江 1 月卷）“I really want to make this work for ___________ (people) lives today, and I know that
doesn’t always mean returning a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she says.
15. (2021•浙江1 月卷)It is calculated by dividing a ___________ (person) weight in kg by their height in
meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 is considered healthy.
第6 组：括号内给名词转化为形容词、动词类
16. (2025 全国一卷）Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the ___________
(strategy) placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings,
sculptures, digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
17. (2018 全国I 卷)To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to ___________ (strength) your
leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes.
第7 组：括号内给形容词填写副词类
当所给提示词虽为形容词或副词且不是考查比较等级时，则应考虑形容词或副词的词性转换，一般常考查
形容词变为副词或名词。做题时，除了根据句意进行判断外，主要应从其所作成分去思考。
18. （2025 全国一卷）Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic
placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings,
sculptures, ___________ (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
19.（2023 新课标II 卷）So, what are they learning? ___________ (basic), how to describe a panda’s life.
第8 组：括号内给形容词填写比较等级类
当提示词为形容词或副词时，常考查比较等级(即比较级和最高级)。此时一般可根据所给提示词前后的
than, by, the, even 等比较等级中常出现的特殊词汇并结合语意去进行判断。
20.（2025 北京卷）When was the last time you took on a tough choice? Maybe this morning you debated whether
to get up or stay in bed slightly _________ (long).
21.（2021 新课标I 卷）The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the _________
(hot) the spring! Strange, isn’t it?
22.（2022 全国甲卷）Yellowstone was the _________ ( large) United States national park - 2.2 million acres -
until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, which became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a
national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
第9 组：括号内给形容词转换为名词、反义词类
后缀
例词
-cy
efficient→efficiency 效率
fluent→fluency 流利
accurate→accuracy 准确性
private→privacy 隐私
-dom
bore→boredom 无聊
free→freedom 自由
wise→wisdom 明智；智慧
-ce
abundant→abundance 丰富；充裕distant→distance 距离；远方
important→importance 重要性
reluctant→reluctance 不情愿；勉强
-th
wide→width 宽度
strong→strength 力量
warm→warmth 温暖
true→truth 真理
-ness
weak→weakness 虚弱
bitter→bitterness 苦味；痛苦
aware→awareness 意识
lonely→loneliness 孤独
-ty
cruel→cruelty 残忍
secure→security 安全
responsible→responsibility 责任
honest→honesty 诚实
23.（2025 全国二卷）The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the ___________
(absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky afternoonswith lots of fresh air.
24.（2024 新课标II 卷）Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international ___________ (visible),
said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed to find the
connection between the two great writers.
第10 组：括号内给代词填写宾格、形容词物主代词、名词性物主代词、反身代词类
所给词为代词时，常考查人称代词变为物主代词，此时其后一般会有一个名词，所给代词就是用来修饰这
个名词的，译作“……的”。 所给词为代词时，有时考查人称代词变为反身代词。这两种情况一般可依
据所作成分或句意进行判断。
25. （2024 全国甲卷）This area, with ____________ (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well
preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy - as a national park.
26.（2022 北京卷）Since people can’t always eat out or cook for ____________ (they), they get takeout or order
delivery.
27.（2021 新课标I 卷）As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always
stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in ____________ (I). While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is a
must to
第11 组：无提示词填写冠词类
若空后有名词且两者搭配在一起表示泛指或特指，或者有序数词、最高级、表示特指意义的比较级等形式，
则一般填冠词。此外，还需注意冠词的固定搭配。
28. （2025 年
浙江
1 月卷）The
price
of fashion – economically and environmentally – has led to the rise of ____________ new way of dressing, and
it’s beginning to take off in Australia, too.
29.（2024 新课标I 卷）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey
influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for
____________first time.
第12 组：无提示词填写介词类
当名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前一般填介词。高考语法填空中对介词的考查侧
重固定搭配或习惯用法，应注意平时多积累。
30. (2025 浙江1 月卷)Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead
____________ the fact that they have something unique to wear and are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣
柜) or contributing to landfill.
31. (2025 北京卷)These efforts help us travel more responsibly. After all, exploring the world shouldn’t come
____________the planet’s expense.
第13 组：无提示词填写代词类
当句子缺少主语或宾语时，一般要填入代词或名词。高考侧重对it 作形式主语、宾语的考查，近几年对人
称代词、不定代词的考查往往会给提示词的。
32. (2024 天津3 月卷)I really want to go to a place for the summer vacation, ________ especially with beautiful
scenery and unique culture.
33. (2018 浙江卷)Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they
realize how cheap ________ can be to eat out.
第14 组：无提示词填写并列连词类
当空格处前后是同一层次并具有相同句法功能的词、短语或句子时，空格处一般填并列连词。此时要根据
前后部分的逻辑关系或固定句式去填and, but，or 等。
34. (2025 浙江1 月卷) Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead on the
fact that they have something unique to wear ___________ are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or
contributing to landfill.
35.（2023 全国乙卷）It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, ___________ somehow these two
very different worlds make a good combination.
36. (2020 新高考全国卷)They kept their collection at home until it got too big ___________ until they died, and
then it was given to a museum.
第15 组：无提示词填写定语从句连接词类
设空处跟在名词后面，且空后的句子对这个名词进行修饰限定，即表示这个名词的性质、特点等，则为定
语从句，然后再根据这个名词在空后句子中所作的成分去判断用何关系词。
37.（2025 北京卷）However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists left over 1.3 billion tons
of food waste last year, ___________accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024.
38.（2025 全国二卷）Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his
family, ___________bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-
range, and central heating doesn’t exist.
39.（2023 全国甲卷）Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, _________Rachel Carson says in “A Fable
for Tomorrow”.
第16 组：无提示词填写名词性从句连接词类
设空处后面有两个谓语动词，通常后面的那个是主句的谓语，前面为主语从句；设空处跟在及物动词或介
词后面，且后面有谓语动词，通常为宾语从句；设空处跟在系动词后面(注意系动词不仅仅是指be 动词，
还包括感官动词和表示动作保持或变化的动词)，则为表语从句。
40.（2025 北京卷）The truth, though, is ___________ could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just
me, Nick, and the quiet forest.
41.（2024 新课标I 卷） On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along
the Firehole River in ___________ is now northwestern Wyoming.
第17 组：无提示词填写状语从句连接词类
设空处所在的句子后面为逗号，逗号后为另一个句子，此时一般为状语从句。从属连词是连词的一种，用
来引导从句，作为主句的一部分，修饰主句。确定从属连词的关键是，先判断其前后是不是两个完整的句
子，它们是否都有各自的谓语，然后根据句意确定它们的从属关系判断具体用哪个词。
42.（2020 全国III 卷）__________ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the
legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.
43.（2018 年全国I 卷）While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it is more effective
at lengthening life ___________ walking, cycling or swimming.
第18 组：无提示词综合训练类
44.（2024 年浙江 1 月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in
packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, ____________
other stays fresh.
45.（2022 全国甲卷）Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route.
He flew 4, 700 kilometers ___________ Xi’an to Kashgar on seat 20, planning to hike back to Xi’an in five
months.
第19 组：有提示词综合训练类
46.（2024 浙江1 月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets __________ (start) selling chicken or salad
in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份).
47.（2021 新课标II 卷）I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the
biggest companies I wrote to _________ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris.
第20 组：综合训练类
48.（2024 新课标I 卷）The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝).
These sepals open on warm days _________ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.
49.（2025 浙江1 月卷）“I really want to make this work for people’s lives today, and I know that doesn’t always
mean _________ (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she says.
50.（2022 新课标I 卷）Giant pandas also serve ___________ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a
host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China.
一、单句填空 在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．I respect the president but I (agree) with his decision.
2．So strong (be) the wind that we could hardly move forward.
3．Never before I read an article that is so full of lies.
语法填空综合能力提升
4．The comedy was full of humour, which not only (amuse) the audience, but also built up their
confidence in life.
5．Only when we realize the importance of helping each other can we (devote) to building a
harmonious society.
6．But it can certainly keep me (entertain) while I wait for my wife to rescue me.
7．She had to choose between giving up her job and (hire) a babysitter.
8． (measure) as long as 200 meters, the bridge took great efforts to build two decades ago.
9．In addition, the hospital (attach) to the medical college nearby was destroyed in the flood.
10．Well (prepare) for the job interview, he was confident he would be hired.
11．She decided that she would memorize where her classes were and then pretend the rest of the place
didn’t exist.
12．It is an occasion family members gather together and have a good rest.
13．It’s lovely a day that we all want to go camping.
14．They were responsible for finding a peaceful (solve) to the conflict.
15．It is (legal) to park your car on the freeway.
16．The naughty boy looked at his teacher (innocent) as if he had done nothing wrong.
17． is likely that computers will take the place of mankind in the future.
18．Explaining to a friend how to find his apartment, he said, “Come up to the (five) floor and ring
the doorbell with your finger.”
19．In my opinion, in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust most.
20． (consider) that he has just recovered from an operation, he did fairly well in the first game.
二、语法填空综合训练
（一）
（25-26 高三上·陕西汉中·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正
确形式。
Growing up in San Francisco, Grace Young often went with her father to Chinatown, where he bought
ingredients for traditional Chinese meals. Now, 66 years old, 1 (know) as an excellent cookbook author,
Ms. Young 2 (mirror) this routine for decades. Her love for cooking started early; by 13, she was sitting
in on cooking classes. After college, 3 (move) to New York, she joined 4 book-publishing
company. In her 30s, even though she had helped write over 40 cookbooks, she realized she didn’t have the skills to
make the dishes from her family’s culture. “Writing down my parents’ recipes,” she thought, “would be a 5
(value) gift for my family and future generations.”
In fact, 6 started as a collection of recipes turned into a personal story. Talking about food made
her parents share stories of their past. “It was an amazing way 7 me to learn not just family recipes, but
also our family history,” she said. The release of The Wisdom of the Chinese Kitchen in 1999 showed her great
dedication to keeping Chinese cooking traditions alive.
Ms. Young has also supported Chinatown’s restaurants. Since early 2020, she has raised money 8
(buy) meals from these places, giving them to the needy. This year, instead of cooking at home, she celebrated
Chinese New Year with a variety of dishes from local Chinatown 9 (restaurant). “If these restaurants
don’t survive,” she stressed, “the Chinese cooking traditions in our city are sure to 10 (appear).”
（二）
（25-26 高三上·浙江杭州·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正
确形式。
UChicago Medicine has taken a bold step in expanding cancer care by partnering with AdventHealth 11
(create) a national cancer network, beginning in Kansas City. This strategic alliance blends academic research with
community-based treatment, aiming to improve access to 12 (advance) therapies for patients who previously
lacked options.
The initiative integrates cutting-edge diagnostics, MRI-guided radiation therapy, and streamlined patient
support into a single facility. The newly opened AdventHealth Cancer Institute 13 (see) strong public
interest by last month, with patient 14 (attend) surpassing expectations. It’s the integration of resources —
from academic research institutions and community hospitals alike — 15 empowers the network to offer
access to over 300 active clinical trials, bringing innovative treatments 16 (close) to underserved
communities. A key milestone in the collaboration is the acquisition of imaging and profiling technologies, which
allow 17 the creation of personalized treatment plans tailored to each patient’s unique biology. The
partnership not only improves patient outcomes but also reshapes 18 healthcare is delivered. It builds 19
ecosystem where academic excellence meets community engagement, offering a 20 (promise) blueprint
for future medical partnerships.
