专题 02 完形填空---夹叙夹议文
目录
01知识脑图·学科框架速建
02考点精析·知识能力全解
【知能解读01】完形填空夹叙夹议文五年高考考情统计
【知能解读02】完形填空夹叙夹议文五年高考考情解读
【知能解读03】完形填空夹叙夹议文满分思维导图
03 攻坚指南·高频考点突破
【重难点突破01】完形填空夹叙夹议文技法思维导图
【重难点突破02】完形填空利用完形首句明大意
【重难点突破03】完形填空利用瞻前顾后重语境
【重难点突破04】完形填空利用词汇复现定答案
【重难点突破05】完形填空利用逻辑关系解疑难
【重难点突破06】完形填空利用设身处地揣情绪
【重难点突破07】完形填空利用生活常识巧选择
【重难点突破08】完形填空利用熟词生义巧推断
【重难点突破09】完形填空利用语法知识秒解题
04 避坑锦囊·易混易错诊疗
【易混易错01】2025年高考真题熟词生义22例
【易混易错02】2024年高考真题熟词生义35例
【易混易错03】2023年高考真题熟词生义33例
【易混易错04】2022年高考真题熟词生义25例
【易混易错05】2021年高考真题熟词生义29例
05 通法提炼·高频思维拆解
【方法技巧01】完形填空夹叙夹议文解题步骤
【方法技巧02】完形填空夹叙夹议文解题要领
【方法技巧03】完形填空夹叙夹议文常见失误及对策01完形填空夹叙夹议文五年高考考情统计
卷别 体裁 词数 主题
2024全国甲卷 夹叙夹议 276 本文叙述祖母童年故事，阐述作者深切感悟
2021全国乙卷 夹叙夹议 253 文章以护士遇女患者为例，感谢其分内付出
2020全国I卷 夹叙夹议 252 作者借门喻理家长告孩子真相助其破困抓机
02完形填空夹叙夹议文五年高考考情解读
一、选材特点
以记叙文为主, 从题材上看, 内容新颖、时尚, 体现核心素养, 突出励志性、教育性和启发性, 反映正确的
价值导向, 彰显正能量。
二、设题特点
主要考查实词。以名词和动词为主, 形容词和副词为辅, 偶尔出现介词和连词。联系上下文设空的题目占
了约70%,结合语篇设空的题目占了约30%。
三、语篇特点
全篇设有15个空，设空间距平均为13词左右。首尾句不设空。从语篇理解和语言分析角度，近两三年的
完型填空的题目类型可总结为以下几类：词汇复现（原词、同源、近义、上下义）、语境语义、逻辑关系
（顺承、因果、转折、对比、列举等）、固定搭配、生活常识及文化背景等。前三者的考查力度相当大。
考生要有相应的侧重。
四、解题策略
做题总原则：左顾右盼 + 上下求索；选项的特点：淡化语法，重视语篇；同一小题的四个选项，一般词
类相同，语法形式相同。主要看上下文意思通不通，逻辑对不对。
03完形填空夹叙夹议文满分思维导图01 完形填空夹叙夹议文技法思维导图
02 完形填空利用完形首句明大意
[题型分析]
完形填空首句一般不设空，题眼往往出现在文章的开头。考生通过把握首句，可以确定文章的主题、背景、
人物、时间、地点、事件等，从而把握文章的发展方向，达到顺利“入题”的目的。
[技法点拨]
[跟踪训练] (2024浙江1月卷)
While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in the northwestern China, I had the
kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful 41.encounter with a local that all travelers long for...
...
In the course of a couple of hours, he 53.showed me just how much one can gain from 54 with an open
mind, and a willingness to 55.engage with locals from all walks of life.
54．A．traveling B．reading C．searching D．teaching
03完形填空利用瞻前顾后重语境
[题型分析]完形填空着重考查考生根据上下文提供的信息进行分析、推理、判断的能力。考生在做完形填空时，应仔
细阅读文章，留意文章的细节和措辞，注意上下文的呼应，对文章进行整体把握。因此，在做题时考生要
有全局意识，开头的题目要从下文中找答案，中间的题目要从上下文中查找信息，下文或最后的题目要从
上文中找线索。
[技法点拨]
[跟踪训练] (2024新课标Ⅰ卷)
I've been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks' achievements all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend 41 a marathon race.Feeling motivated, I started running
42.regularly, but then two things happened.
41．A．knew B．held C．won D．quit
04 完形填空利用词汇复现定答案
[题型分析]
完形填空选项的设置，命题人往往通过原词复现、同源词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现、
上下义词复现、代词复现等方式重现已经出现过的词汇。做题时，考生应在把握语篇、透析语境的前提下，
留心选项中是否有与上下文中相对应的词汇，运用词汇复现技巧快速锁定答案。
[技法点拨]
[跟踪训练1] 原词复现(2024新高考全国卷Ⅰ)
I've been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks' achievements all my life.
...
First, a girl I met one day told me she was 43.training for a “super, ” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon.
Then, the next day I went on my longest run—15 miles. To be honest, I 44.hated it! Between the girl making my
45 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only 46.reason I'd ever run again is if a big
dog was running after me!
45. A．advantage B．achievement C．contribution D．influence
[跟踪训练2]同源词复现(2024浙江1月卷)
Over several hours he would tell me about how he had 45.attended a two-year professional school to quicklyfind a job 46 highways in order to help support his family...
It would have been easy to 51.rely on my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more
than a few hundred miles from home.
46. A．building B．sweeping C．checking D．guarding
46. 本题可以利用同源词复现解答。根据下文中的“this highway builder”可知，年轻人是公路建设者。
builder与空处是同源词复现。故答案是A。
[跟踪训练3] 同义词复现 (2024全国甲卷)
There, they would walk through deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater and hold their 52.breath while
they watched all action going on around them. This is something I 53. admire—her ability to open her 54
underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed.
54. A．hands B．mouth C．eyes D．arms
[跟踪训练4]上义词复现 (2024新课标Ⅰ卷)
The 50.problem：The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time. I'd
never faced such 51 .
51. A．dangers B．events C．opponents D．challenges
05完形填空利用逻辑关系解疑难
[题型分析]
语篇是由一些意义相关的句子根据一定的逻辑关系组织起来的语义整体。逻辑关系隐藏在句子中、句与句
之间以及段落的衔接中，体现作者的写作思路和篇章意义，是贯穿整篇文章的主线。因此，解答完形填空
最基本的方法就是根据空格前后所提供的信息或上下文之间的逻辑关系，做出符合逻辑的判断。
[技法点拨]
[跟踪训练1]并列关系 (2023新课标Ⅱ卷)
The flight was 53 , and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she 54.flew with Karen and made it
back to George in Virginia within a few days.
53. A．unnecessary B．unexpected C．unavoidable D．uneventful
[跟踪训练2] 转折关系 (2024浙江1月卷)
Over several hours he would tell me about how he had 45.attended a two-year professional school to quickly
find a job 46.building highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps most 47 , however, was the fact
that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.47. A．typical B．obvious C．natural D．remarkable
[跟踪训练3] 因果关系 (2024新课标Ⅰ卷)
Between the girl making my 45.achievement seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the
only 46.reason I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
So I 47 cycling. I got a bike and rode a lot.
47. A．gave up B．went on C．turned to D．dealt with
06完形填空利用设身处地揣情绪
[题型分析]
完形填空常选取具有教育意义的、充满正能量的记叙文，讲述作者本人经历的或作者所见所闻的某一件充
满爱、善良、诚实等正能量的事情，因此考生在做题时不应置身事外，而应融入文章中，站在作者或文章
主人公的角度考虑并体会文意。
[技法点拨]
[跟踪训练] (2023新课标Ⅱ卷)
In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka. They had to move
to Virginia but they were on a very tight 41.budget. They could not afford to pay for 42.transportation for their dog,
Tiffy, and 43.desperately wanted to take her with them.
It just 44.happened that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who 45.offered to take
Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to 46.pick up Tiffy.
...He was so 55 and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures.
55．A．thankful B．generous C．proud D．sympathetic
07完形填空利用生活常识巧选择
[题型分析]
生活是一本书，世事洞明皆学问。大部分完形填空试题需要联系上下文进行解答，而这其中有很多是考查
生活常识的题目。考生要关心家事、国事、天下事，强大内心，顺利解决现实生活中和试题里的一切问题。
[技法点拨]
[跟踪训练] (2024全国甲卷)
There, they would walk through deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater and hold their 52 while they
watched all action going on around them.52．A．secret B．breath C．view D．tongue
08完形填空利用熟词生义巧推断
[题型分析]
一词多义和熟词生义是近几年高考不断出现的词汇活用现象。考生在备考时应注意单词本义以及根据词根
推断单词的生僻意义。
[技法点拨]
[跟踪训练] (2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)
As for Bailey, she is more 51.confused about why her act is considered a big 52 . “She was just crying. I
couldn't 53.leave her，” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
52．A．game B．problem C．lesson D．deal
09完形填空利用语法知识秒解题
[题型分析]
完形填空中语法知识的考查重点是复合句中的连接词、介词(短语)、“动词＋介词”短语、代词，偶有涉
及情态动词。
[技法点拨]
[跟踪训练] (2024浙江1月卷)My 43.new friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the 44 to
practice my Chinese.
44．A．chance B．advice C．trouble D．right01 2025年高考真题熟词生义22例
1. alarm【熟义】：n. 警报（器）；闹钟 【生义】：_____________
Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to
champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.”（2025全国Ⅰ卷）
2. account for 【熟义】：（数量上、比例上）占比例 【生义】：_____________
We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs.（2025全国Ⅰ卷）
3. breakdown【熟义】：n. 故障；破裂 【生义】：_____________
Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport.（2025全国Ⅰ卷）
4. border【熟义】：n. 边界 【生义】：_____________
Bordering the square, the Ludlow Castle is a “must explore” medieval stronghold.（2025全国Ⅱ卷）
5. cell【熟义】：n. 细胞 【生义】：_____________
Hydrogen fuel cells are a lighter choice than batteries for trucks, but making green hydrogen is expensive.（2025
全国Ⅰ卷）
6. champion【熟义】：n. 冠军 【生义】：_____________
Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长)
to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.”（2025全国Ⅰ卷）
7. count on【熟义】：指望；依靠 【生义】：_____________
There was just one thing I hadn’t counted on: My brother chose to bring his dog Toby, a 50-pound ball of fire.
（2025全国Ⅰ卷）
8. cut 【熟义】：v. 切；割；砍 【生义】：_____________
（1）A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional photos, another asking for a price cut.（2025全国Ⅰ
卷）
（2）Instead, all the ingredients used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never
consider serving. （2025全国Ⅱ卷）
9. determine【熟义】：v. 决定，决心（做某事）【生义】：_____________
Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are—but what they do know has raised concerns.
（2025全国Ⅰ卷）
10. following 【熟义】：adj.（时间上）接着的；下述的 【生义】：_____________
Since setting out on the journey, the fitness lover has not only managed to grow an impressive set of muscles—but
also a huge following on social media.（2025全国Ⅱ卷）
11. green 【熟义】：adj. & n. 绿色（的）【生义】：_____________
The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be
carried around.（2025全国Ⅰ卷）
12. let out【熟义】：放出 【生义】：_____________You’re driving in a school zone around the time school lets out.（2025全国Ⅱ卷）
13. line【熟义】：n. 线；行 【生义】：_____________
Butcher shops, greengrocers, bakeries, and cheese shops line the town square. （2025全国Ⅱ卷）
14. piece【熟义】：n. 块；碎片；零件；一件 【生义】：_____________
（1）The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy…（2025全国Ⅰ
卷）
（2）As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice.
（2025全国Ⅰ卷）
15. place 【熟义】：n. 地点 v.放置 【生义】：_____________
Then I can place the order.（2025全国Ⅱ卷）
16. practice【熟义】：v. 练习；实践 【生义】：_____________
Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a
plant.（2025全国Ⅱ卷）
17. race【熟义】：n. 赛跑 【生义】：__________
In an instant, a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase.（2025全国Ⅰ卷）
18. shape 【熟义】：n. 形状；【生义】：_____________
Each has a personality shaped by the goods and services produced and traded for centuries.（2025全国Ⅱ卷）
19. skirt 【熟义】：n. 裙子 【生义】：_____________
Skirting the town square, you’ll find lovely shops, eateries, and the Black and White House Museum.（2025全国
Ⅱ卷）
20. spare【熟义】：adj. 不用的；备用的；空闲的 v. 抽出 【生义】：_____________
This approach spared me the discomfort of having to over-explain.（2025全国Ⅱ卷）
21. strike 【熟义】：v. 打击；罢工；撞击 【生义】：_____________
They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them
as important.（2025全国Ⅰ卷）
22. sun【熟义】：n. 太阳；阳光 【生义】：_____________
… the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day.（2025全国Ⅱ卷）
… the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day.（2025全国Ⅱ卷）
02 2024年高考真题熟词生义35例
1. address【熟义】n.地址【生义】v.______________
(2024新课标II卷阅读D篇)This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing
the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革).
2. call【熟义】v.打电话【生义】n. ______________
(2024新课标II卷阅读B篇) We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit
stories for a contest.
3. chief熟义：最重要的；首要的；主要的【生义】______________(2024新课标II卷阅读B篇) …says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay
Area Rapid Transit
4. closely【熟义】adv.紧密地，密切地【生义】adv. ______________
(2024全国甲卷完形填空)She would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table, listening closely.
5. condition【熟义】n.状况 【生义】n. 疾病
(2024新课标I卷阅读B篇) Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition.
6. cover【熟义】v.覆盖 【生义】①v. ______________②v. ______________③v. ______________
①(2024 新课标 I 卷听力) Jonson began writing about sports as a second year student at the University of
Colorado, covering high school volleyball games for his hometown newspaper.
②(2024新课标I卷阅读C篇) And are listening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word
when covering the same material?
③(2024新课标II卷阅读C篇) However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered
hundreds of miles before reaching the table.
7. draw【熟义】v.画【生义】v. ______________
(2024新课标II卷七选五) Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you.
8. enter【熟义】v.进入【生义】v. ______________
(2024新课标I卷完形填空) I got a good bike and rode a lot. I dreamed of entering cycle races until I flew to San
Diego to visit my sister.
9. favor【熟义】n.帮助；恩惠【生义】v. ______________
(2024全国甲卷完形填空) Like in typical families, where boys were favored much more than girls, my grandma
had to stay at home to do housework.
10. favorite【熟义】adj.最喜爱的【生义】n. ______________
(2024新课标 I卷语法填空) These plants included modern Western favorites such as rosemary, lavender and
fennel.
11. geography【熟义】n.地理【生义】n. ______________
(2024新课标I卷阅读C篇) With paper, there is a literal laying on of hands, along with the visual geography of
distinct pages.
12. greens【熟义】adj.绿色的【生义】n. ______________
(2024新课标卷II阅读C篇) The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of
fresh greens.
13. introduce【熟义】v.介绍【生义】v. ______________
(2024新课标II卷阅读A篇) This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic principles
of photography in the wild.
14. leaf 熟义：叶，叶子；纸页，书页 【生义】______________
(2024新课标I卷阅读七选五)I can leaf through with my fingers
15. original【熟义】adj.最初的 【生义】adj. ______________
(2024新课标II卷阅读B篇) Some are classic short stories, and some are new original works.
16. pose【熟义】n.姿势【生义】v. ______________
(2024新课标I卷阅读C篇) The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters movefrom posing simple tasks — like identifying the main idea in a reading passage — to ones that require mental
abstraction — such as drawing inferences from a text.
17. piece【熟义】n.碎片【生义】n. ______________
(2024新课标I卷阅读C篇) However, psychologists have demonstrated that when adults read news stories, they
remember more of the content than if they listen to or view identical pieces.
18. point【熟义】v.指向【生义】n. ______________
(2024 新课标 II 卷阅读 D 篇) Campbell’s point is to wake up those responsible for AI — the technology
companies and world leaders — so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it.
19. power【熟义】n.力量【生义】v. ______________
(2024 新课标 II 卷阅读 D 篇) In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the
computer code (代码) that powers AI ...
20. promise【熟义】v.承诺【生义】v. ______________
(2024新课标II卷阅读A篇) With environmentalist Eanna Lamhna as the guide, this walk promises to be an
informative tour.
21. print【熟义】n.印刷 【生义】n. ______________
(2024新课标I卷阅读C篇) The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move
from posing simple tasks — like identifying the main idea in a reading passage — to ones that require mental
abstraction — such as drawing inferences from a text.
22. property【熟义】n.资产【生义】n. ______________
(2024新课标I卷阅读C篇) The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper’s
physical properties.
23. role【熟义】n.角色 【生义】n. ______________
(2024新课标I卷阅读C篇) Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing
resources not available in print.
24. roll【熟义】v.滚动【生义】v. ______________
(2024新课标I卷读后续写) Finally, with just two minutes to spare we rolled into the bus station.
25. say【熟义】v.说【生义】v. ______________
(2024新课标I卷阅读C篇) Audio (音频) and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers
increasingly turn to these technologies — say, assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person.
26. sensitive 熟义：敏感的 【生义】______________
(2024 新课标 I 卷阅读 A 篇) …play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered
species.
27. skip【熟义】v.跳过【生义】v. ______________
(2024新课标II卷七选五) Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour.
28. side【熟义】n.一边【生义】n. ______________
(2024 新课标 II 卷七选五) You’ll compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a
popular place.
29. sleep 熟义：睡眠 【生义】：______________
(2024新课标I卷阅读B篇)…she was prepared to put him to sleep.30. slower【熟义】adj.缓慢的【生义】adj. ______________
(2024新课标II卷七选五)You’ll compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular
place, and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower.
31. solid【熟义】adj.固体的【生义】adj. ______________
(2024新课标II卷阅读C篇) While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-
Farm (BMF) shortens it even more.
32. tell【熟义】v.告诉；告知【生义】v. ______________
(2024全国甲卷阅读B篇) That’s why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any
other cats, which they don’t usually like.
33. throw【熟义】v.投；掷；抛【生义】v. ______________坯
(2024全国甲卷阅读A篇) Wheel Throwing
34. translate【熟义】v.翻译 【生义】v. ______________
(2024 新课标 II 卷阅读 D 篇)... but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience
translating the heady into the understandable.
35. visibility【熟义】n.能见度【生义】n. ______________度
(2024新课标II卷语法填空) Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility.
03 2023年高考真题熟词生义33例
1. structure熟义：结构n 【生义】：______________
[2023年1月浙江首考]Camp Structure : The day is divided into two thematic sessions per age group...
探险营总体安排：这一天每个年龄组分为两个专题会议...
2. assign熟义：分派，布置（工作、任务）v 【生义】：______________
[2023年1月浙江首考]The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in
social memory, social conventions and social relations.
确定意义的规则不仅存在于我们的头脑中，也存在于社会之外，存在于社会记忆、社会习俗和社会关系中。
3. run 熟义：跑v 【生义】：______________
[2023年1月浙江首考]Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week, so missing
yours can be a disaster.
大多数火车每天只开一趟，有些火车一周只开三趟，所以错过你的火车可能是一场灾难。
4. unfold熟义：打开v 【生义】：______________
[2023年1月浙江首考]Read a book, knit, do a crossword puzzle, or simply watch the world unfold outside the
window.
一本书，织毛衣，做一个填字游戏，或者只是看看窗外的世界。
5. type n熟义：类型【生义】：______________
[2023年1月浙江首考]Train trips aren't for impatient types.
火车旅行不适合没有耐心的人。
6. stretch n熟义 v（时间上）延续；（空间上）延伸 【生义】：______________
[2023年1月浙江首考]I followed beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle.
我跟着养蜂人齐亚德穿过一片广阔的草原，然后进入了一片茂密的丛林。
7. inch熟义：n 英寸v【生义】：______________[2023年1月浙江首考]Sitting on a branch, he inched towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole
in the hive.
他坐在一根树枝上，慢慢地向蜂箱靠近，用手电筒把烟吹进蜂箱上的一个小洞里。
8. sharp熟义：尖的，锋利的adj. 【生义】：______________
[2023年1月浙江首考]Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry.
突然，齐亚德发出一声刺耳的喊叫。
9. court n熟义：法院，法庭；球场【生义】：______________
[2023年1月浙江首考]In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the
Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect the culture of grassroots Beijingers.
与紫禁城、颐和园和天坛所代表的宫廷生活和上流社会文化相比，胡同反映的是北京人的草根文化。
10. stuff 熟义：n 东西，物品v【生义】：______________
[2023年1月浙江首考]I stuffed a piece of cloth into the hole and took her outside, closing the door securely
behind me.
我把一块布塞进洞里，把她带了出去，随手把门牢牢地关上。
11. branch n.熟词：树枝，分枝；【生义】：______________
[2023全国甲卷] Head Chef David Thompson opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010.
总厨师大卫•汤普森于2010年在大都会酒店开设了这个分店。
12. credit 熟词：n. 信用，信贷；【生义】：v. ______________
[2023全国甲卷]She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd.
她把这些技能归功于她已故的祖父和建造者德里克•劳埃德。
13. split v. 熟词：分裂；分开；【生义】：______________
[2023全国甲卷]Terri avoided losing the deposit on the house she rented by splitting the rent with a roommate.
特里通过和室友分担房子租金避免了她租的房子上的押金。
14. quarter n. 熟词：四分之一；一刻钟，十五分钟；【生义】：______________
[2023全国甲卷]Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly
effective at getting grizzlies away.
在养鸡场和其他农场动物住处做电剑网也很有效地使灰熊远离。
15. voice n. 熟词：嗓音，说话声；【生义】：______________
[2023全国甲卷]The voice of the biologists has stopped the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service from delisting grizzlies.
生物学家的呼声已经阻止了美国鱼和野生动物的伤害灰熊。
16. square n. 熟词：正方形，正方形物；【生义】：______________
[2023 新高考Ⅰ]Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful
canals, parks, squares and countless lights.
骑自行车是一种最经济、可持续、最有趣的方式来探索这座城市,它的运河、公园、广场和无数的灯光。
17. strategic adj. 熟词：战略的，策略的；【生义】：______________
[2023新高考Ⅰ] With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is
always a bike available for you.
在重要地点我们的五家租赁商店里,有超过2500辆自行车，我们确保有一辆自行车可供你使用。
18. trap n. 熟词：陷阱，网，圈套，诡计；【生义】：______________[2023 新高考Ⅰ] You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what
traps they encountered that you should avoid.
你会听到这些参与者的故事,学习哪些策略对他们来说很有效,以及他们遇到的你应该避免的困境。
19. capitalize v.熟词：提供资金；【生义】：______________
[2023新高考Ⅰ] This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the
same.
这一效应利用了一个事实,即当人们犯错时,这些错误并不总是一样的。
20. draw熟词：画画；【生义】：______________
[2023新高考ⅠI] Discover why artists and photographers continue to be drawn to this special place.
发现为什么艺术家和摄影师继续被吸引到这个特殊的地方。
21. leaf 熟义：n. 叶；叶片；叶子【生义】：vt ______________
[2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]As I leafed through the novel, a piece of paper fell out.
当我翻阅小说时，一张纸掉了出来。
22. land熟义：n. 陆地；大地【生义】：______________
[2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]So, all the way across the country, your sister’s old book landed in your hands.
所以，在全国各地，你姐姐的旧书都落在了你手里。
23. issue 熟义：重要议题；争论的问题 【生义】：______________
[2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]In every issue, you will find an interesting mix of interviews and essays on the good life,
history, philosophy, arts and fashion photography.
在每一期中，你都会发现关于美好生活、历史、哲学、艺术和时尚摄影的采访和文章的有趣组合
24. cover 熟义: v. 掩蔽；遮盖 【生义】: ______________
[2023 新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ 卷]The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum,
Heineken Brewery and much more.
2.5小时的游览包括古耶风车、瘦桥、国立博物馆、喜力啤酒厂等。
25. course 熟词：课程【生义】：______________
[2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]On Oct. 1l, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie
Bailey should have finished the course earlier than she did.
10月1日，数百名选手在明尼苏达州参加越野赛。Melanie Bailey本应该比她早完成这门课的。
26. iron熟义：n. 铁 【生义】：______________
[2023 新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ 卷]It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the
ironing without being asked.
这可能是你帮助朋友做家庭作业的时候，也可能是你在没有被要求的情况下熨衣服的时候。
27. harvest 熟义：n. 收获季节；收割；收获【生义】：v. ______________
[2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle
and high school kids.
翻土、拔草、收割卷心菜，对中学生和高中生来说，这听起来像是一项艰巨的工作。
28. produce 熟义：v. 生产；制造 【生义】：n. ______________
[2023 新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ 卷]Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on
experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce , and work in thegarden.
在两所初中和两所高中开设的“城市豆芽”课程包括动手实验，如土壤测试、花和种子解剖、品尝新鲜或干
燥的农产品，以及在花园里工作。
29. still 熟义：adv. 还；还是；仍然；依旧 【生义】：adj. ______________
[2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible.
无论你画的是静物画、肖像画还是风景画，都要尽可能地从生活中绘画。
30. correct 熟义：adj. 准确无误的；精确的；正确的 【生义】v. ______________
[2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]I asked my older sister to correct my grammar.
我请姐姐纠正我的语法。
31. shot vt 射击 【生义】 n ______________
[2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]If you’re willing to apply yourself, I think you have a good shot at this.
如果你愿意努力，我认为你有很好的机会做到这一点。
32. walk 熟义：n. 行走；步行；徒步旅行；散步【生义】：______________
[2023全国乙卷]Tan treated women from all walks of life.
谭治疗过各行各业的女性。
33. back 熟义：n. （人体或动物的）背部，背；腰背【生义】：v. ______________
[2023全国甲卷]Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity, focus
and memory.
几项研究支持了这一观点，并发现室内植物可以提高创造力、注意力和记忆力。
04 2022年高考真题熟词生义25例
1. accept熟义:v.接受;接纳 生义: v. ______________
(2022·全国乙卷·D)However，some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola have accepted the sugar tax
and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers.
然而，一些高糖品牌，如经典可口可乐，已经接受了糖税，因为担心惹恼消费者而拒绝改变。
2. celebrate熟义:v.庆祝生义:v. ______________
(2022·全国乙卷·A)This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland's
best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn comes to London.
这场展览将在伦敦举行,展出苏格兰最受欢迎的画家亨利·雷伯恩爵士的60多幅杰作,以纪念他的一生和
作品。
3. creature 熟义:n.生物，动物 生义: n. ______________
(2022·全国乙卷·完形填空)For a long time. this ineffective hiding method was interpreted as evidence that
children are hopelessly “egocentric”(自我中心的) creatures.
长期以来，这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为儿童是无可救药的“自我中心的”人的证据。
4. content熟义:n.(容器等)容纳的东西;内容 生义:n. ______________
(2022·全国乙卷·D)Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre
of sugary drink they produce or import, depending on the sugar content.
自4月份以来根据含糖量,饮料公司不得不为其生产或进口的每升含糖饮料支付18至24便士的税。
5. dead熟义:adj.死的 生义: adj. ______________
(2022·新高考全国I卷·完形填空) We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.我们被困在湖中，汽车熄火了。
6. draw 熟义:u.拉,拖;拔出;画;吸引生义:v. ______________
(2022·新高考全国I卷·A)Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to complete
short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class’
lecture/discussion, so it is important to take careful notes during class.
课堂活动每天都会有所不同，但学生必须做好准备，完成简短的课堂写作或测试,这些内容直接来自指
定的阅读材料或上节课的讲座/讨论笔记,因此在课堂上认真记笔记很重要。
7. drive 熟义:n.驾驶;驱车旅行 生义: n. ______________
(2022·全国甲卷·D)We've got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a
young country.
我们建立在古老文化基础上，但同时还是一个充满动力和活力的年轻国家。
8. excuse 熟义:vt.原谅;宽恕;n.借口;理由生义:v. ______________
(2022·新高考全国I卷·A)Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted.
因请假缺席而错过的短文将被接受。
9. introduce 熟义:v.介绍;引见 生义: v. ______________
(2022·全国乙卷·D)First announced in April, 2016,the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than
5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity(肥胖).
该税收政策与2016年4月首次宣布，适用于每100毫升含糖量超过5克的软饮料,实施该政策旨在帮
助减少儿童肥胖。
10. keep 熟义:v.保持;保留;保管生义: v. ______________
(2022·新高考全国 I 卷·C)She said:“I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their
breakfast each morning before I went to school.”
她说:“我小时候养过母鸡，每天早上上学前都要为它们准备早餐。”
11. period 熟义:n.(一段)时间;时期;阶段 生义:n. ______________
(2022·新高考全国 I 卷·A)An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each
class period it is late.
没有按期在课堂上提交论文，每迟交一节课，分数就降为一个等级。
12. pick 熟义:v.摘;采;挑选;选择 生义:n. ______________
(2022·全国甲卷·A)Presenting the best of the West End along with the pick of the UK's touring shows, the
New Theatre is Cardiff's oldest surviving traditional theatre.
这座新剧院是加的夫现存最古老的传统剧院，它展示了西区的精华以及英国巡回演出的精品。
13. practice 熟义:n.练习;实践 生义: n. ______________
(2022·全国甲卷·七选五)The more time you spend in any given country, the more comfortable you'll begin to
feel with its foreign cultural practices.
你在任何一个国家待的时间越长，你就会对它的外国文化习俗感到越舒服。
14. present 熟义:v颁发,授予;赠送;提出;呈递 生义:v. ______________
(2022·全国乙卷·A)Scottish National Portrait(肖像画)Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general
public.苏格兰国家肖像画廊为公众举办了一系列讲座。
15. produce熟义:v.生产,制造 生义: v. ______________(2022·全国甲卷·完形填空)A year later, much to my delight, this man produced a little box with a ring and
proposed to me.
一年后，令我非常高兴的是,这个男人拿出一个带戒指的小盒子向我求婚。
16. random 熟义:adj.随机的;任意的 生义:adj. ______________
(2022·全国甲卷·七选五)Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but
they are important in various countries.
这些文化饮食礼仪规则可能看起来不可思议和奇怪，但它们在各个国家都很重要。
17. regard 熟义: v.认为……是;n.尊重 生义: n. ______________
(2022·全国乙卷·完形填空)They simply insist on mutual(相互的) recognition and regard.
他们只是坚持相互认可和关注。
18. reject 熟义:v.拒绝;排斥;嫌弃;冷落 生义:v. ______________
(2022·新高考全国I卷·B)It's jaw- dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away-from“ugly” (but
quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant
garbage cans.
虽能食用但因“长相难看”就被杂货店主丢弃的蔬菜,大量未食用就被扔进餐厅垃圾桶的菜肴,这些非
常不错的食物就这样被扔掉,简直令人吃惊。
19. roll 熟义:v.滚动;转动生义:v. ______________
(2022·新高考全国卷·完形填空) The wind picked up and thunder rolled.狂风大作，雷声隆隆。
20. run 熟义:v.跑;运作;运转 生义: v. ______________
(2022·新高考全国卷·七选五) Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your
Workout Partner.”
《健身》杂志最近发表了一篇题为“感谢锻炼伙伴的五个理由”的文章。
21. stick 熟义:v.刺入;粘住;贴住;伸出生义:v. ______________
(2022·新高考全国I卷·B)I stuck the chicken in the freezer.我把鸡肉放在冰箱里。
22. subject 熟义:n.主题;科目;学科 生义:n. ______________
(2022·全国乙卷·完形填空)Our young subjects comprehended the questions and knew exactly what was
asked of them.我们的年轻受试者理解了这些问题，并且确切地知道他们被问到了什么。
23. sweep熟义:v.打扫;横扫;掠过生义:n. ______________
move 熟义:v.移动;搬家;使感动生义:v. ______________
(2022·全国乙卷·B)The sweep of the land and the stoicism(坚忍)of the people move her to some beautiful
writing.大地的辽阔和人们的坚忍使她创作出了一些美丽的作品。
24. switch 熟义:n.开关v.改变;转变;交换 生义:n. ______________
(2022·全国乙卷·C)By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services
for railways. detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems.
通过使用最新技术，无人机还可以开始为铁路提供更高价值的服务，在铁路或道岔出现任何安全问题
之前检测出故障。
25. way熟义:n. 方面 生义:adv. ______________
(2022·新高考全国 I 卷·B)Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six
salads with what I threw out.更糟糕的是,我不假思索地买了太多;我本可以用我扔掉的东西做六份沙拉。
05 2021年高考真题熟词生义29例
1. determine 熟义:v. (使)下决心，(使)做出决定 生义: vt. ______________响
(2021•全国甲卷•D)And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors(因素)like gender, race, and
class do not determine the appearance of genius.
我们看得越多，就越会发现像性别、种族和阶级这样的社会因素并不能直接影响天才的出现。
2. dry熟义:adj.干的;口渴的 生义: vt. ______________vi. ______________
(2021•新高考I卷•C)Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever increasing populations,
greatly reducing waterfowl habitat (栖息地).
数百万英亩的湿地被人为弄干涸，以养活和容纳不断增加的人口，大大减少了水禽的栖息地。
3. entry熟义:n.进入;入口 生义: n. ______________
(2021•全国甲卷•A)Each year，the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to
showcase the very best photography of the British landscape.
每年，参赛作品的高水准表明，该奖项是展示英国风景最佳摄影作品的完美平台。
4. event熟义:n.事件,大事 生义: n. ______________
(2021•全国乙卷•A)All these stadiums are still functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world
sport.所有这些体育场馆仍在使用,仍在开放，仍在举办世界上最大的体育赛事。
5. excite 熟义:vt.使激动，使兴奋 生义: vt. ______________
(2021•新高考I卷•D)Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that
such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion
尽管情商继续受到大众的关注是可取的，但我们希望这种关注能激发人们对情感的科学和学术研究更大的
兴趣。
6. flow熟义:v.(使)流动,涌流;流通 生义:n. ______________
(2021•新高考I卷•B)His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn't have
to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves.
他的工作就是坐在钢琴师旁边，翻动乐谱，这样音乐家就不用自己动手破坏音流了。
我9岁那年，在一月一个灰蒙蒙的早晨，我们收拾好去洛杉矶的行装,来到伦敦希思罗机场。
7. given 熟义:prep.考虑到 生义: n. ______________
(2021•全国乙卷•完形填空)Oh，this isn't for the care I had. I take that as a given.
哦，这不是为了我接受过的照顾。我认为这是理所当然的。
8. grade 熟义:n.成绩，年纪 生义:n. ______________
(2021•全国乙卷•完形填空) And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that
express different grades of gratitude.然后我意识到，如果我们有一系列表达不同程度感激的词汇，事情会简
单得多。
9.gray熟义:adj.灰色的;苍白的 生义:adj. ______________
(2021•全国甲卷•C)When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a
gray January morning.
10. head 熟义:n.头 生义:n. ______________
(2021•全国甲卷•B)Paul Beer, head of rhino section at Port Lympne, said:“Obviously we're all absolutelydelighted to welcome another calf to our black rhino family...”
林普尼港犀牛部门的负责人保罗•比尔说:“显然，我们都非常高兴地欢迎另一头小犀牛加入我们的黑犀牛家
族……”
11. inform 熟义:vt.通知;告诉 生义: vt. ______________
(2021•全国乙卷•A)In around 80 A.D..the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the world's best known
stadium and continues to inform contemporary design.
大约在公元80年，罗马人建造了罗马斗兽场,它仍然是世界上最著名的体育场,并继续影响着当代的设计。
12. must熟义: modal verb.必须;一定 生义:n. ______________
(2021•新高考I卷•语法填空)While you're in China, Mount Huangshan is a must to visit!
当你在中国时,黄山是必游之地!
13. note 熟义:n.笔记;vt.注意;记录;注解 生义:n. ______________
(2021•新高考I卷•B)He's interested in the music, feeling every note ...
他对音乐感兴趣，感受着每一个音符……
(2021•全国乙卷•完形填空)When she reached one nurse, she tried to press a five pound note into her hand.
当她走到一个护士跟前时，她试图把一张五英镑的钞票塞到她手里。
14. makeup熟义:n.化妆品 生义:n______________
(2021•新高考I卷•D)Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a
person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability,
optimism and “people skills.”
现在许多人将情商误解为几乎所有无法通过智商测试衡量的人的气质，例如性格、动机、信心、心理稳定
性、乐观和“人际交往能力”。
15. passage 熟义:n.一段文章 生义:n. ______________
(2021•新高考I卷•C)In1934，with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act),an increasingly
concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory(迁徙的)waterfowl and the wetlands so vital
to their survival.1934年,随着《候鸟狩猎印花税法》的通过，一个日益关注的国家采取了坚定的行动，以阻
止对迁徙水禽和对其生存至关重要的湿地的破坏。
16. plant熟义:n.植物 生义:n. ______________
(2021•新高考I卷•完形填空)It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for temporary help during
our spring break.
春假期间，碰巧市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙。
17. point 熟义:n.要点;得分;vt.指向 生义:n. ______________
(2021•全国甲卷•A)Walking up a path through the forest towards Shutlingsloe, a local high point I came across a
small clearing and immediately noticed the dead yellow grasses set against the fresh snow.
我沿着一条穿过森林的小路向当地的舒林西勒高地走去，遇到了一小块空地，立即注意到了在新雪的映衬
下枯黄的草丛。
18. pour熟义:v.灌,倒;倾泻 生义: vi. ______________
(2021•全国乙卷•A)People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece.
从古希腊时代起，人们就一直不断涌入体育场馆。
19. pressure熟义:n.压力 生义:n. ______________(2021•全国乙卷•C)Von Wonghopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic
footprint.
冯•王希望他的工作也能帮助迫使大公司减少他们的塑料足迹。
20. ride 熟义:v.骑•乘(自行车、摩托车或马等) 生义:vt. ______________
(2021•全国乙卷•七选五)I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.
我和这些疯狂的人一起乘坐公交车，他们在后面嘲笑愚蠢的笑话。
21. role 熟义:n.角色 生义:n. ______________
(2021•新高考I卷•完形填空)Our roles in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt.
我们在工厂的职责很简单:将蛋糕放在移动的传送带上。
22. run熟义:v.奔跑 生义:vt. ______________
(2021•全国甲卷•B)Port Lympne Reserve, which runs a breeding(繁育) programme, has welcomed the arrival of
a rare black rhino calf(犀牛幼崽).负责繁育计划的林普尼港保护区迎来了一只稀有的黑犀牛幼崽。
23. score 熟义:n.分数;vi.得分;记分 生义:n. ______________; vt. ______________
(2021•全国甲卷•七选五)It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and
have a party all at the same time.
这是扔掉旧衣服、从朋友那里淘到衣服并同时举办派对的最佳方式。
24. seat熟义:n.座位 生义:vt. ______________
(2021•全国乙卷•A)Rome's Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50.000 people.
罗马斗兽场高157英尺，有80个入口，可容纳5万人。
25. set熟义:.放，置，使处于;使开始 生义:vi. ______________
(2021•全国甲卷•A)I climbed to the top of a small rise and realised that the mist was little more than a few feet
deep, and though it was only a short climb. I found myself completely above it and looking at a wonderfully clear
view of Skiddaw with the sun setting in the west.
我爬到一个小山丘的顶部,意识到雾只有几英尺深，虽然攀爬的路程很短，但我发现自己已经完全爬到了山
顶上，在夕阳西下的背景下，我看到了斯基多非常清晰的景色。
26. shot 熟义:n.发射;射手;镜头;v.射击(shoot的过去式) 生义:n. ______________
(2021•新高考I卷•A)Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free
shots bar crawls and karaoke.
亚历山德罗宫旅馆很有趣。工作人员为客人举办了许多酒吧活动，如免费酒水酒吧爬行和卡拉OK。
27. sink熟义:v.下沉;使(船只)沉没 生义:n. ______________
(2021•新高考卷•读后续写)Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread.
珍娜把烧焦的一块扔进水槽里，然后放入另一片面包。
28. stand 熟义:vi.站立;位于 生义: n. ______________
(2021•新高考 I 卷•B) “I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn
caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,” Mr Titterton said, “Luckily, I was able to catch them and put them
back.”
蒂特顿先生说:“我正在翻页为下一页做准备，但翻页的风导致备用页从架子上掉下来，幸运的是我抓住了
它们并将它们放回去。”
29. weight 熟义:n.重量,重力 生义: n. ______________(2021•全国乙卷•七选五) He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most.
他或她是最能感受到那种尴尬压力的人。
01 完形填空夹叙夹议文解题步骤
02 完形填空夹叙夹议文解题要领
解题要领 内容解读
分析结构， 借助文章结构，即事例→观点，观点→事例，观点→事例→观点，体会记叙和
抓住作者观 议论的关系，抓住作者的观点，明确文章的组织方式。看文章属于上述哪种结
点 构，从而明白作者的写作思路。
重视首句， 首句往往是文章的关键句、引题句或主题句。通过首句可以初步判断文章的写
把握文章主 作中心，为全面理解文章打开一扇“窗户”。
题
叙议兼顾， 夹叙夹议文中叙与议是一个有机的整体，叙是议的基础，而议是叙的升华。在
理解议论内 读这类文章时，掌握议论部分的内容是关键，因为叙述是为作者的议论而服务
涵 的。所以只有把故事和哲理联系起来，再结合对人物心理和行为的描述，全面
把握文章才能正确解题。
抓住转换， 抓住记叙与议论的转换，及时调整思维方式，理清上下文之间逻辑关系，在充
理清逻辑关 分把握语境的基础上，辨析词语，进一步把握作者的观点、态度，找到正确答
系 案。
03 完形填空夹叙夹议文常见失误及对策
夹叙夹议文兼具叙事的连贯性与议论的逻辑性，既要求理解故事情节发展，又需把握作者观点态度，
因此解题时易因忽略文体特性出现失误。以下结合该文体特点，针对常见问题展开详细分析并提供实用对
策：
一、没有严格遵循答题步骤，忽略语篇逻辑关联
夹叙夹议文的核心在于 “叙为议服务”，叙事部分铺垫背景、提供论据，议论部分点明主旨、升华
观点，二者紧密衔接。许多同学解题时急于求成，拿到题目后直接逐空分析选项，仅关注空格前后的短语
搭配或语法规则，忽略了 “叙事线索如何推动议论展开” 这一核心逻辑。例如，在讲述人物经历的段落中，若跳过对事件起因、经过的整体梳理，直接选择描述人物动作或情感的词汇，可能会与后文议论部分
强调的 “成长感悟”“人生道理” 脱节，导致语义矛盾。
切记：需用 2-3 分钟完成 “两步初读”。
第一步，快速浏览全文，重点关注首段（通常交代故事背景或引出话题）、尾段（往往总结观点、点
明主旨）以及叙事部分的时间、地点、人物关系变化，初步搭建 “叙事 - 议论”的逻辑框架；
第二步，带着 “故事想说明什么道理” 的疑问再次略读，标记出议论性语句（如含转折词 but、
however，总结词 therefore、in conclusion，观点词 think、believe 等的句子），明确叙事与议论的衔接节
点，再逐个填空，避免 “断章取义”。
二、不注意积累答题技巧，错失关键线索
夹叙夹议文的解题线索既隐藏在叙事的细节中，也体现在议论的逻辑里，部分同学因缺乏针对性技巧，
常陷入 “线索视而不见、选择全凭感觉” 的困境，具体表现为三类问题：
第一类：忽略首句的 “总起 / 铺垫”作用：夹叙夹议文的首句多为叙事开篇（如 “Last summer, I
volunteered at a community center”）或议论引子（如 “Every small act of kindness can make a big
difference”），不仅交代核心背景，还会暗示全文基调。若跳过首句直接解题，可能无法把握故事的情感
走向（如温暖、遗憾、励志）或议论的核心话题（如 “坚持”“责任”“包容”），导致后续选择偏离
主题。
第二类：忽视 “叙事细节与议论观点” 的照应关系：此类文章中，叙事部分的细节（人物的动作、
环境的描写、事件的结果）往往是议论观点的 “论据支撑”，而议论语句又会反过来暗示叙事的发展方
向。例如，后文议论 “Perseverance helps us overcome difficulties”，前文叙事中大概率会有 “人物遇到挫
折却不放弃” 的细节，若忽略这种照应，可能会误选与 “坚持” 无关的词汇（如 “give up”“quit”）。
第三类：面对长难句时缺乏 “拆分逻辑” 的能力：夹叙夹议文中常出现含多个从句的长句（如
“After I failed the math exam for the second time, my teacher told me that it was not the result but the effort that
mattered”），部分同学因不会拆分句子结构，难以区分 “叙事内容”（前半句 “考试失利”）与 “议论
观点”（后半句 “努力比结果重要”），导致对语义的理解模糊，最终随意选择选项。
切记：需针对性积累三类核心技巧：
首句定位法：解题前先圈出首句中的关键信息（时间、人物、核心事件、观点关键词），将其作为
“解题锚点”，后续每道题的选择都需围绕首句暗示的基调或话题展开，避免偏离主线。
线索呼应法：填空时随时关注 “前后文线索”，一方面找叙事细节的 “复现词”，另一方面找
“议论观点对叙事的暗示”，需回顾前文事件，选择与教训/ 感悟匹配的词汇），通过双向呼应验证选项
合理性。
长句拆分法：遇到长句时，先找出句子主干（主谓宾结构），区分叙事部分和议论部分，再逐层理解
语义。
三、时间安排不当，导致 会做的没做好，难的没思路
夹叙夹议文的题目难度分布通常呈阶梯式：前半部分叙事题（如考查动词、名词的基础搭配）较简单，
中间部分 “叙事-议论衔接题”（如考查转折、因果关系的连词）难度中等，后半部分议论观点题（如考
查抽象名词、观点态度的形容词）难度较高。许多同学解题时习惯 “按顺序逐题死磕”，遇到难题时反
复纠结，浪费大量时间，导致后面简单的题目因时间紧张仓促作答，甚至来不及检查；还有部分同学为追
求速度，对简单题也草草浏览，忽略细节线索，造成不必要的失误。
切记：需遵循 “总分总”的时间分配原则，以一篇 20 空、建议用时 15-18 分钟的完形填空为例：
初读定调（2-3 分钟）：如前文所述，快速梳理叙事脉络与议论主旨，不纠结具体空格，避免因细节
浪费时间。分层解题（10-12 分钟）：按 “易-中-难” 顺序推进：
先做 “基础信息题”（如考查时间、地点、人物动作的名词、动词，答案多能从前后文直接找到线
索），这类题目占比约 40%，快速完成可建立解题信心；
再做 “逻辑衔接题”（如考查转折、因果、让步关系的连词 but、so、though，或考查指代关系的代
词 it、they），这类题目需结合 “叙事-议论” 的逻辑关系分析，占比约 30%；
最后攻克 “观点理解题”（如考查作者态度的形容词 positive、negative，或考查抽象概念的名词
courage、wisdom），这类题目需结合全文主旨判断，若暂时无思路，可先标记，避免卡壳。
复盘检查（2-3 分钟）：完成所有空格后，再次通读全文，重点检查 “逻辑衔接题”和“观点理解题” 是否与主旨一致，同时关注语法搭配是否正确，若发现语义矛盾或搭配不当，及时修正。
完形填空夹叙夹议文综合能力提升
真题专区：研读高考真题，洞悉高考命题规律，探寻满分做题技巧和应试思维
01 (2024全国甲卷) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处
的最佳选项。
One day, we had a family dinner. While the adults were busy with their serious talk outside, I was left alone in
the 41 to help my grandmother wash dishes. 42 my grandmother would tell me stories about her
childhood.
Born just before WWII, my grandmother 43 an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine. She
did not have a chance to go to 44 . Like in typical families, where boys were 45 much more than
girls, my grandma had to stay at home to do 46 . The only opportunity (机会) she could seize to 47
was when her brother was having Chinese 48 with the family tutor. She would sit quietly at the far end of
the long dinner table, listening 49 . This training taught her to read and write her Chinese upside down — a
skill that has turned out to be quite 50 , especially whenever we share the newspaper. On most weekends,
my grandmother, a young girl then, and her brother would go to the 51 . There, they would walk through
deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater and hold their 52 while they watched all action going on
around them. This is something I 53 — her ability to open her 54 underwater and still sit
comfortably on the seabed.
My childhood is quite 55 compared with hers. I am 56 that I did not need to 57 the
hardships like she did. I've never faced the problem of 58 . I guess our different childhood background is
what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to 59 to: her stories always make my history
textbooks 60 .
41. A. sitting room B. kitchen C. yard D. dining hall
42. A. As always B. By the way C. For example D. Here and now
43. A. adjusted B. promoted C. achieved D. experienced
44. A. work B. school C. court D. press
45. A. favored B. tolerated C. trusted D. acknowledged
46. A. gardening B. homework C. business D. housework
47. A. exercise B. study C. explore D. teach
48. A. food B. guests C. lessons D. tea
49. A. closely B. directly C. nervously D. freely
50. A. professional B. awkward C. simple D. practical
51. A. market B. mountain C. beach D. class
52. A. secret B. breath C. view D. tongue
53. A. admire B. notice C. adopt D. value54. A. hands B. mouth C. eyes D. arms
55. A. difficult B. complex C. happy D. similar
56. A. grateful B. surprised C. convinced D. regretful
57. A. reflect upon B. go through C. ask about D. prepare for
58. A. unemployment B. health C. education D. communication
59. A. attend B. refer C. lead D. talk
60. A. come true B. come round C. come out D. come alive
02 (2021全国乙卷) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处
的最佳选项。
Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a
41 just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that
express different 42 of gratitude(感谢).
My thoughts were soon 43 . We had a woman patient who was 44 from a knee replacement
operation. One afternoon, while 45 to get into bed she collapsed(倒下) from what was 46 discovered to
be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, 47 the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she
recovered, though 48 , and was ready for discharge(出院)after four weeks.
She was 49 for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge,
we shared in her 50 at her recovery. As she was 51 she was eager to say 52 to each of us in the
nursing team. When she 53 one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague 54
to accept it, saying that we were all just 55 our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then 56 :“Oh this
isn't for the 57 I had. I take that as a 58 . No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.”
And there you have it. To many people, 59 lives is part of the job but styling hair is an 60 and should
be rewarded.
41. A. cleaner B. chemist C. nurse D. doctor
42. A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations
43. A. brushed aside B. put to the test C. brought under discussion D. taken into account
44. A. departing B. escaping C. retiring D. recovering
45. A. attempting B. choosing C. pausing D. promising
46. A. eventually B. fortunately C. casually D. secretly
47. A. assessing B. requiring C. forming D. proving
48. A. slightly B. accidentally C. slowly D. happily
49. A. grateful B. thoughtful C. sorrowful D. fearful
50. A. surprise B. delight C. curiosity D. disappointment
51. A. operating B. thinking C. hesitating D. leaving
52. A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. yes
53. A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. persuaded
54. A. wished B. pretended C. failed D. refused
55. A. enjoying B. doing C. securing D. starting
56. A. repeated B. recited C. replied D. reported
57. A. courage B. patience C. duty D. care58. A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting
59. A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building
60. A. honour B. ability C. opening D. extra
03 (2020全国I卷)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处
的最佳选项。
Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just
a window. The 41 is obvious. If we 42 it is a door, they’ll want to go outside 43 . It will drive us crazy.
The kids apparently know the 44 . But our insisting it’s 45 a window has kept them from 46 millions
of requests to open the door.
I hate lying to the kids. One day they’ll 47 and discover that everything they’ve always known about
windows is a 48 . I wonder if 49 should always tell the truth no matter the 50 . I have a very strong 51
that the lie we’re telling is doing 52 damage to our children. Windows and doors have 53 metaphorical（比
喻） meanings. I’m telling them they can’t open what they absolutely know is a door. What if later in 54 they
come to a metaphorical door, like an opportunity of some sort, and 55 opening the door and taking the
opportunity, they just 56 it and wonder, “What if it isn’t a door?” That is, “What if it isn’t a 57
opportunity?”
Maybe it’s an unreasonable fear. But the 58 is that I shouldn’t lie to my kids. I should just 59
repeatedly having to say, “No. We can’t go outside now.” Then when they come to other doors in life, be they real
or metaphorical, they won’t 60 to open them and walk through.
41. A. relief B. target C. reason D. case
42. A. admit B. believe C mean D. realize
43. A. gradually B. constantly C. temporarily D. casually
44. A. result B. danger C. method D. truth
45. A. merely B. slightly C. hardly D. partly
46. A. reviewing B. approving C. receiving D. attempting
47. A. win out B. give up C. wake up D. stand out
48. A. dream B. lie C. fantasy D. fact
49. A. parents B. twins C. colleagues D. teachers
50. A. restrictions B. explanations C. differences D. consequences
51. A. demand B. fear C. desire D. doubt
52. A. physical B. biological C. spiritual D. behavioral
53. A. traditional B. important C. double D. original
54. A. life B. time C. reply D. history
55. A. by comparison with B. in addition to C. regardless of D. instead of
56. A. get hold of B. stare at C. knock on D. make use of
57. A. real B. typical C. similar D. limited
58. A. safety rule B. comfort zone C. bottom line D. top secret
59. A. delay B. regret C. enjoy D. accept
60. A. hurry B. decide C. hesitate D. intend模拟专区：精选名校真题好题，帮你锤炼做题技巧，助力冲刺备考圆梦高考
01（2025·辽宁·模拟预测）It was a dark night. Thick, dark, gray clouds had made sure that there was no starlight
or moonlight to 1 me as I walked out on my porch. Still, I kept the porch light off because I didn’t want
to be 2 by bugs and moths on this sticky summer evening. I stood there for a while letting my eyes adapt
to the 3 of light. My dog stood beside me waiting 4 for me to start her walk. It was then, though,
that I saw them. First one blink of light at the far end of the grassland was 5 by another and then another.
I smiled. I recognized them at once as my firefly friends, who always 6 this time of the year.
Witnessing them initially during my childhood days and later in my adulthood has provided me with
immeasurable joy. They never became 7 and they always filled me with delight. During my childhood, I
would often rest in the soft embrace of the grass, my gaze fixed upon them as they flew about, their lights twinkling
on and off like distant stars 8 in the earthly world. I never caught and put one in a jar as some kids did
because I was 9 I might kill it and I never wanted to hurt these 10 of light. Their time on this
earth was so 11 as it was. I tried to enjoy them each night they were here. It always saddened me when
they disappeared in the fall and it always made my heart 12 when they reappeared the next summer.
I believe my profound fondness for these little fireflies stems from the recognition that, in numerous aspects,
we bear a 13 to them. Our existence upon this earth is fleeting. Often our light and love are more like on
and off blinks rather than a 14 shine. Let’s share our light and love while we are here then, like the 15
.
1．A．greet B．watch C．approach D．protect
2．A．covered B．surrounded C．held D．stopped
3．A．existence B．lack C．test D．impact
4．A．nervously B．confidently C．eagerly D．carefully
5．A．followed B．caught C．appeared D．brought
6．A．broke in B．went by C．showed up D．got across
7．A．familiar B．dull C．dangerous D．appealing
8．A．travelling B．looking C．waiting D．dancing
9．A．afraid B．sure C．guilty D．ashamed
10．A．holders B．gatherers C．supporters D．messengers
11．A．swift B．tough C．brief D．permanent
12．A．melt B．sink C．race D．sing
13．A．response B．similarity C．contribution D．contrast
14．A．considerable B．bright C．regular D．steady
15．A．moths B．bugs C．fireflies D．stars
02（2025·江西上饶·二模）I teach at a university. One of the “problems” this 1 is that, as the years
pass, I get 2 , but my students remain the same age — 18 to 22. Early on, when I was in my 20s and 30s,
this wasn’t a(n) 3 , as we were close enough in age to speak the same language. But lately I have become
4 aware that a linguistic ship seems to have 5 and I am not on board.
Let me 6 : Recently, when I walked into my class, my students were 7 warmly with eachother. One of their comments 8 my ear. “Venmo it to me.” I had no 9 what “Venmo” meant, so
I asked. The 10 students were happy to explain it to me, and in return I 11 with an expression
of silly embarrassment.
I am not 12 change, but I am uncomfortable with change when its 13 has me hanging
on by my fingernails. I once joked to a friend that if I were to awaken from a five-year 14 , I’d have no
idea what people were talking about. I just wouldn’t understand the language.
It’s a case of the educator becoming the educated, and I congratulate myself on at least having the 15
to know what they’re talking about, as well as on my ability — for the most part — to try to learn to understand
them.
1．A．presents B．solves C．ignores D．avoids
2．A．slower B．younger C．wiser D．older
3．A．solution B．issue C．advantage D．opportunity
4．A．rarely B．barely C．strongly D．nearly
5．A．sailed B．arrived C．stopped D．disappeared
6．A．discuss B．show C．describe D．illustrate
7．A．arguing B．chatting C．laughing D．whispering
8．A．ignored B．missed C．caught D．avoided
9．A．idea B．thought C．plan D．sense
10．A．hard-working B．good-natured C．absent-minded D．bad-manners
11．A．waved B．shook C．nodded D．pointed
12．A．addicted to B．accustomed to C．indifferent to D．opposed to
13．A．pace B．slowness C．ease D．difficulty
14．A．adventure B．mission C．dream D．trip
15．A．ability B．desire C．effort D．failure
03（2025·河北邢台·模拟预测）This weekend, I’m running my 10th marathon. The weather looks perfect, and
I’m ready — thanks to a 1 from the past.
Last year, at the Boston Marathon, I came in fit enough to know I was 2 of a personal best time.
However, three miles in, I realized I was hurting way too early. I convinced myself that I would never race in a
marathon again if I just 3 Mile 10. At Mile 10, I then 4 to get to the halfway point — 13.1
miles, after which I’d reassess the next 5 . By Mile 22, after a few miles of stretching and deep breathing,
I regained my strength and felt 6 to reclaim whatever time I could. I ended up 7 the last four
miles way faster than my initial pace.
8 , I’d 9 the marathon race into “process goals”, small objectives that were more within
my 10 , instead of focusing on my original “outcome goal” of running my fastest time ever. That can be a
remarkably effective strategy for all kinds of 11 . That’s because focusing on one step at a time can help
12 our anxiety and show us what we can 13 in the meantime.
Many people always aim for ambitious goals like 14 a dream job or winning an award. These can
be highly 15 , but they’re usually at least partially unmanageable and can lead to disappointment if you
fall short. Instead, focusing on smaller process goals can ultimately shape good outcomes.1．A．mistake B．lesson C．suggestion D．request
2．A．fearful B．critical C．capable D．aware
3．A．hit B．missed C．skipped D．selected
4．A．hesitated B．happened C．failed D．resolved
5．A．problem B．move C．column D．break
6．A．frightened B．indifferent C．determined D．annoyed
7．A．avoiding B．calculating C．canceling D．covering
8．A．Unknowingly B．Subsequently C．Conventionally D．Desperately
9．A．broken down B．taken down C．turned down: D．put down
10．A．budget B．control C．expectations D．responsibilities
11．A．goal setting B．risk taking C．time managing D．progress estimating
12．A．indicate B．reserve C．predict D．lessen
13．A．recognize B．achieve C．imagine D．contribute
14．A．quitting B．offering C．landing D．changing
15．A．sensitive B．productive C．motivating D．challenging
04（2025·浙江·一模）I spent three years living and working in Australia, which felt like a never-ending
adventure. When the time came for me, armed with the belief that my strong 1 to reconnect with family
and my 2 decision to return would make the transition (过渡) effortless, I 3 to come back to
my hometown. Oh, how 4 I was. I was ready for many but what I hadn’t expected was feeling like a
complete 5 in my own homeland.
The vibes in Australia and my hometown were quite different. But the real challenge was trying to 6
with my family. Our conversations felt 7 , like we were speaking different languages. While they talked
about day-to-day life, I found myself 8 to share my tales of weekend trips to the Outback. Our shared
9 felt like an old, uncomfortable jacket that didn’t quite fit anymore.
I 10 that transitions, even when you have the best intentions, are never 11 . But I also
got to know the great importance of 12 , both with myself and with my loved ones. Slowly but surely, I
began to find a new pattern, 13 the best of both worlds. And you know what I’ve 14 felt more
at peace or true to myself. It’s like I had to step outside my comfort zone to really grow and 15 what
matters most to me.
1．A．resistance B．desire C．promise D．curiosity
2．A．intentional B．permanent C．tough D．crucial
3．A．refused B．happened C．decided D．struggled
4．A．lucky B．lonely C．wrong D．crazy
5．A．victim B．failure C．burden D．foreigner
6．A．reason B．travel C．consult D．reconnect
7．A．funny B．serious C．lengthy D．awkward
8．A．forgetting B．longing C．pretending D．fearing
9．A．goals B．rules C．history D．hope
10．A．predicted B．realized C．remembered D．proved11．A．necessary B．complex C．painful D．smooth
12．A．patience B．familiarity C．satisfaction D．honesty
13．A．combining B．imagining C．offering D．admitting
14．A．often B．still C．never D．nearly
15．A．fight for B．figure out C．let go of D．put up with
05（2025·江西新余·模拟预测）I was always interested in biology. However, it wasn’t until I saw a film about
cave diving in secondary school — in which I 1 divers glide past massive stalactites (钟乳石) — that I
2 I wanted to study cave animals. The video didn’t mention the creatures 3 in those underwater
houses, but I 4 they must be there. More than just naming them, I wanted to understand their ecology,
which meant I needed to study them in their 5 habitat.
Cave diving requires 6 equipment and coordinated (协调) groups. I 7 carry lights and
navigation tools, and bring extra air tanks. During trips, I use nets and test tubes to collect tiny, nearly 8
animals floating in the water. We’ve come to understand that caves are full of life: shrimp, sea stars and worms, all
9 life in low-light environments.
Although underwater caves might seem far removed from surface environments, research has shown that
these worlds are 10 in many ways. In places such as the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico, jungles 11
water directly from underground sinkholes as it 12 towards the sea, where it connects with offshore coral
reefs. If pollutants get 13 , they can affect these ecosystems. I’m researching the resilience (恢复力) of
cave ecosystems to climate change.
If we don’t 14 these mysterious places, they could be gone before we have the 15 to
understand them. And everything that makes them unique will disappear too.
1．A．watched B．heard C．sensed D．felt
2．A．admitted B．noticed C．reminded D．realized
3．A．hiding B．living C．floating D．sleeping
4．A．knew B．learned C．doubted D．ensured
5．A．reasonable B．comfortable C．modern D．natural
6．A．expensive B．special C．fashionable D．beautiful
7．A．only B．ever C．always D．never
8．A．unbelievable B．valuable C．invisible D．attractive
9．A．adapted for B．appealed to C．devoted to D．prepared for
10．A．silenced B．mirrored C．linked D．encouraged
11．A．push B．absorb C．drink D．pollute
12．A．gets B．strikes C．rises D．flows
13．A．home B．spread C．there D．underground
14．A．conserve B．touch C．reach D．find
15．A．knowledge B．energy C．decision D．chance
06（2025 高三上·全国·专题练习）For many, Friday is a day filled with excitement in anticipation of the
weekend ahead. I, too, 1 Fridays. After dropping my son off at school, I often 2 myself to a
coffee from Starbucks. 3 heading straight home, I take a scenic route, often stopping by my favorite parkcorner, and smile all day simply because it’s Friday.
When I 4 my son after school, we high-five physically and 5 , our chorus of
“FRIDAY!” echoing as loudly as our hand clap. We notice the early 6 of celebration on our way home —
people on swings, and parties starting up. It feels like the whole world is celebrating Friday!
Today, I 7 the doctor’s office happy over good news about my health. My good mood was 8
by the signs of spring all around — blooming flowers and singing birds. I suddenly felt an urge to celebrate,
whispered “Cappuccino!” and walked toward the coffee bar that was 9 located just around the corner.
But then my mind 10 . “It’s Tuesday! Coffee treats are 11 for Fridays!” This made me
pause; why wait to enjoy life until the weekend? Minutes later I walked back to my car with a cappuccino in my
hand.
A small 12 , to be sure, but it’s also an illustration of how many of us are waiting for life’s 13
— graduation, financial stability, etc. — before we allow ourselves to enjoy life. And in that waiting we 14
so much of our daily joy. What if we carried a little of that “Friday feeling” into our rainy Mondays, gloomy
Tuesdays and mid-week Wednesdays? Surely our lives would be much 15 as a result.
1．A．ignore B．criticize C．celebrate D．memorize
2．A．treat B．devote C．accustom D．connect
3．A．Instead of B．Because of C．As for D．Apart from
4．A．catch up B．take in C．pick up D．bring up
5．A．spiritually B．mentally C．precisely D．vocally
6．A．signs B．attempts C．awareness D．sources
7．A．entered B．left C．visited D．checked
8．A．cured B．enhanced C．resolved D．adjusted
9．A．accidentally B．approximately C．independently D．conveniently
10．A．defended B．focused C．rebelled D．urged
11．A．restored B．reserved C．conserved D．observed
12．A．defeat B．warning C．victory D．surprise
13．A．attractions B．processes C．elements D．milestones
14．A．set B．miss C．capture D．measure
15．A．happier B．quieter C．busier D．easier
