夜雨聆风学习资料网 资料列表 开通 VIP 用登录 / 注册 ⌄
DOCX

专题02常考语法考前巩固(语法填空易错精练100题)(解析版)_英语(2)_专项复习_2024年_2024届高考英语考前词汇·语法·题型精练突破(新高考通用)_资料

查看资料信息、公开预览和下载状态。

共 16 页DOCX · 2.6MB
下载

文档在线预览

公开展示前 8 页
100%
1
《专题02常考语法考前巩固(语法填空易错精练100题)(解析版)_英语(2)_专项复习_2024年_2024届高考英语考前词汇·语法·题型精练突破(新高考通用)_资料》第1页预览
2
《专题02常考语法考前巩固(语法填空易错精练100题)(解析版)_英语(2)_专项复习_2024年_2024届高考英语考前词汇·语法·题型精练突破(新高考通用)_资料》第2页预览
3
《专题02常考语法考前巩固(语法填空易错精练100题)(解析版)_英语(2)_专项复习_2024年_2024届高考英语考前词汇·语法·题型精练突破(新高考通用)_资料》第3页预览
4
《专题02常考语法考前巩固(语法填空易错精练100题)(解析版)_英语(2)_专项复习_2024年_2024届高考英语考前词汇·语法·题型精练突破(新高考通用)_资料》第4页预览
5
《专题02常考语法考前巩固(语法填空易错精练100题)(解析版)_英语(2)_专项复习_2024年_2024届高考英语考前词汇·语法·题型精练突破(新高考通用)_资料》第5页预览
6
《专题02常考语法考前巩固(语法填空易错精练100题)(解析版)_英语(2)_专项复习_2024年_2024届高考英语考前词汇·语法·题型精练突破(新高考通用)_资料》第6页预览
7
《专题02常考语法考前巩固(语法填空易错精练100题)(解析版)_英语(2)_专项复习_2024年_2024届高考英语考前词汇·语法·题型精练突破(新高考通用)_资料》第7页预览
8
《专题02常考语法考前巩固(语法填空易错精练100题)(解析版)_英语(2)_专项复习_2024年_2024届高考英语考前词汇·语法·题型精练突破(新高考通用)_资料》第8页预览

本文档共 16 页 剩余 8 页未展示,请下载后查阅

下载

文档文本内容

专题 02 常考语法考前巩固(语法填空考前精炼 100 题)(新高考专用)
01 语法填空常考语法
一. 有提示类:
1、动词
(1)谓语动词
一般考查1-2个,考生需要根据句子结构判断是否缺谓语动词。一旦确定句子缺少谓语动词,需要从3
个方面考虑:时态、语态、主谓一致。确定时态要先观察本句中有无时间状语,不同的时间状语对应不同
的时态。没有时间状语的,根据上下文中的时态确定空格的时态,常考查的时态有一般过去时和现在完成
时。确定好时态后要考虑语态,也就是谓语动词与主语之间的关系,是主动还是被动。确定时态语态之后,
还需考虑主谓一致的问题,即根据主语的单复数形式确定谓语动词的形式。
(2)非谓语动词
一般考查2个左右,这是语法填空中的一大难点。首先,要先观察设空句的主句和从句中有没有谓语
动词来判断是否选用非谓语动词;其次要根据句子成分(主语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等)明确合
适的非谓语动词形式(不定式、V-ing形式、过去分词)。总之,可以把握一个总体方向,即V-ing形式往往
表主动或动作进行,过去分词一般表示被动或完成,不定式一般作目的状语或后置定语。
2、形容词、副词
命题主要围绕两点:一是形容词、副词的比较级与最高级;二是构词,如形容词变副词、动词变形容
词、名词变形容词等词性转换和un, dis, in,im,ir,il等否定前缀。
3、名词
除动词变名词的词性转换外,名词主要考查单复数和所有格的变化。
4、代词
考查代词时有时会给出提示词,这种情况多考查人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)
以及反身代词。
二. 无提示类:
1、介词
对于介词的考查以介词与动词、形容词或名词的固定搭配为主,考生平时一定要注重阅读积累,培养
做题语感。
2、冠词
冠词的用法主要和名词连在一起,根据上下文进行判断是用定冠词还是不定冠词,还要注意首字母是
元音音素还是辅音音素,如an hour/an honor/an honest man/a unique building。考生也要积累一些含有冠词的
固定搭配,如all of a sudden, in a hurry, take an interest in, have a good understanding of 等。
3、代词
考查代词时如无提示词,则重点考查代词it,it可代指前文提到的单数名词或不可数名词,也可作形
式主语或形式宾语,还有一些固定结构,如take it seriously, take it for granted that..., when it comes to...等。
4、连词
连词的考查包括的内容比较宽泛,主要分为两大类,即并列句和复合句,这也是做连词题的关键。并
列句是用并列连词将两个或两个以上的简单句串联构成的长句,其基本结构是“简单句+并列连词+简单句”。常考查的并列连词包括表转折的连词but, while, yet;表并列的连词and, or;表因果的连词because,
so等。
主从复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。复合句的考查主要包括定语从句的关系词(关系
代词、关系副词)、名词性从句的连接词(从属连词、连接代词、连接副词)和各类状语从句的连接词。因此
考生务必要掌握三大从句的基本规则,做题时先判断从句类型,再分析从句成分,根据句意选择恰当的关
系词或连接词。
02 单句语法填空易错精练
1. The country will carry out three more missions -the launch of the Tianzhou-5 cargo craft and the Shenzhou-15
crewed spaceship, as well as bringing theShenzhou-14 crew back to Earth -before it _______(complete) the in-
orbit construction of the space station by the end of this year.
【答案】completes
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:在今年年底完成空间站在轨建设之前,中国还将执行三项任务
——发射天舟5号货运飞船和神舟15号载人飞船,以及将神舟14号载人飞船带回地球。before引导时间
状语从句表将来时,常用一般现在时,主语为it,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填completes。
2. The World Health Organization warns that millions of people _______(suffer) from indoor air pollution at the
present time, which results from the use of dangerous fuels and cookstoves at home.
【答案】are suffering
【详解】考查时态。句意:世界卫生组织警告说,目前有数百万人遭受室内空气污染,这是由于在家里使
用危险燃料和炉灶造成的。根据时间状语“at the present time”此句描述的事情正在发生,谓语动词应该使
用现在进行时,主语millions of people为复数意义,故填are suffering。
3. Though _______(major) in engineering, the lady made every effort to learn calligraphy which _______(regard)
as an art form.
【答案】majoring; is regarded
【详解】考查时态,主谓一致,省略,固定短语和被动语态。句意:虽然学的是工程专业,但这位女士还
是努力学习被视为一种艺术形式的书法。though引导的让步状语从句意为“虽然她正在学的是工程专业”,
由made可知,从句时态是过去进行时,主语she是单数,因此though引导的从句是though she was
majoring in engineering,状语从句中主语和主句主语一致,且从句中有be动词时,可省略从句中的主语和
be动词,因此第一空是majoring;书法被认为是一种艺术形式,“被认为”是be regarded as,“书法被认
为是一种艺术形式”是一种客观事实,时态用一般现在时,which指代的是先行词calligraphy,是单数,因
此第二空是is regarded。故填majoring,is regarded。
4. Don’t call Mr. Wang at nine tomorrow. He _______(listen) to a lecture on the reform of the college entrance
examination.
【答案】will be listening
【详解】考查时态。句意:明天九点不要给王先生打电话。他将听一场关于高考改革的讲座。根据句意和
时间状语at nine tomorrow可知,此处应用将来进行时,表示将来某段时间正在进行的动作。故填will be
listening。
5. Known as rou jia mo, which translates to “meat burger” or “meat sandwich”, they consist of chopped meat inside
a pita-like bun(小圆面包), and they _______(be)around since the Qin dynasty, from about 221 BC to 207 BC.【答案】have been
【详解】4. 考查时态。因为有时间状语since the Qin dynasty, from about 221 BC to 207 BC.,可知要用现在
完成时态:has/have done,又因为主语是they,所以用have been。故填have been。
6.(2024高三下·全国·专题练习)Since Zhangjiajie _______(improve) its transportation and service for long, the
city now can receive 36, 200 tourists per day.
【答案】has been improving
【详解】考查谓语动词时态及主谓一致。句意:由于张家界长期以来一直在改善其交通和服务,该市现在
每天可以接待36200名游客。所给动词improve在since引导的原因状语从句中作谓语,根据时间状语for
long,并结合主句时态可知,该空应使用现在完成进行时,主语Zhangjiajie为单数名词,助动词应使用单
三形式。故填has been improving。
7. It is often recommended that children _______(offer) chances to get close to nature.
【答案】be offered
【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意:人们经常建议给孩子们提供接近大自然的机会。recommend意
为“建议”,句中it是形式主语,that引导的是主语从句,从句中用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气,
should可省略,孩子是被给予机会,因此空格处是(should) be offered,故填be offered。
8. Great Expectations _______(sell) well, but not all books _______(sell) out yet.
【答案】sells; have been sold
【详解】考查时态和语态以及主动表达被动。句意:《远大前程》卖得很好,但并不是所有的书都卖光了。
but之前的句子为一般现在时,表达主语内在的“品质”或“性能”的一些词,比如:lock, shut, open, write,
sell, wash... 用主动语态。所以第一个空为sells。根据句意可知,but之后的句子为现在完成时,主语与谓
语为被动关系,用现在完成时的被动语态,主语是复数,助动词用have。故填sells,have been sold。
9. --What do you think of my new T-shirt?
--I am sure it _______(wear) very well and keeps its shape.
【答案】wears
【详解】考查时态。句意:--你觉得我的新T恤怎么样?--我相信它很耐穿,而且不会变形。分析句子可知,
句子陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,“wear”意为“穿”,动词词性,表示主语的某种属性,用主动
形式表示被动含义,句子主语为“it”,故应用“wear”的三单形式“wears”。故填wears。
10. His admission that he _______(blame) kept the others from being punished.
【答案】was to blame
【详解】考查时态语态。句意:他承认是他的错,使其他人免于受罚。分析句子结构可知,“that he
______(blame) ”是同位语从句,从句缺谓语动词,根据“kept”可知,用一般过去时,“he”和“blame”之间
是被动关系,sb be to blame表示“某人该受责备”,用主动表被动。故填was to blame。
11. This film about saving the Earth is indeed worth _______(see).
【答案】seeing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这部有关拯救地球的电影的确值得一看。分析句子结构可知,此处为固
定结构sth.be worth doing意为“某事值得做”,see与句子主语This film about saving the Earth之间为被动
关系,但是,需要使用主动形式表示被动意义。故填seeing。
12. I have several questions _______(discuss) with you.【答案】to discuss
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我有几个问题要和你讨论。根据句意可知,此处表示“有几个与你讨论
的问题”,discuss还未发生,所以应使用不定式作后置定语,discuss与questions间为被动关系,但此处
discuss的发出者为句子主语,应用主动形式表被动。故填to discuss。
13. We have four reading passages _______(complete) in the coming holiday.
【答案】to complete
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在即将到来的假期里,我们要完成四篇阅读文章。分析句子可知,提示
词complete作使役动词have后宾语four reading passages的补足语,是非谓语动词;结合句意“完成四篇阅
读文章”是将要去做的事情,应用不定式的一般式to complete,表示将要发生的动作,且不定式与句子的
宾语是动宾关系,与句子的主语是主谓关系,故用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。故填to complete。
14. It is essential that these application forms _______(send) back as early as possible.
【答案】(should) be sent
【详解】考查虚拟语气与被动语态。句意:这些申请表必须尽早寄回。It is essential that...“……是至关重要
的”,that从句中要用虚拟语气,谓语用should+动词原形,should可省略,从句中动词send与主语these
application forms为动宾关系,故应用被动语态should be sent,should可省略。故填(should) be sent。
15. It’s our desire that you _______(provide) some money to fund our program, as well as offer us some practical
suggestions.
【答案】should provide/provide
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:我们希望你们提供一些资金来资助我们的项目,并给我们一些实际的建议。
it是形式主语,that引导主语从句,desire后面的从句用虚拟语气should+动词原形,should可以省略,故填
should provide或provide。
16. Obviously, it is high time that we _______(take) effective measures to tackle the problem.
【答案】took/should take
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:显然,现在是我们采取有效措施解决这个问题的时候了。it is high time that
意为“到了……的时候了”,为固定句式,从句谓语应用did/were或should do。故填took/should take。
17. It is urged by university students that the library _______(keep) open during the vacation.
【答案】should be kept/be kept
【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意:大学生们极力主张图书馆假期开放。分析句子可知,It是形式
主语,that引导的主语从句是真正的主语,urged表示“极力主张”,主语从句应用虚拟语气,即从句谓语
部分用“should+动词原形”,should可省略,且从句主语library和动词keep之间是被动关系,应用被动
语态,故填(should) be kept。
18. He can speak English very fluently as if he _______(be) a native Englishman, so you can talk to him freely.
【答案】were
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:他的英语说得很流利,就好像他是土生土长的英国人一样,所以你可以自
由地和他交谈。as if 后引导的方式状语从句要使用虚拟语气,表示和现在情况相反,时态用一般过去时,
be动词用were,故填were。
19. Childhood memories came back to me so clearly, as if the events _______(happen) only yesterday.
【答案】had happened【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:童年的记忆清晰地浮现在我的脑海中,就好像这些事情就发生在昨天。分
析句子结构和意思可知,这里考查as if引导的方式状语从句的虚拟语气结构,这句话描述的是过去的事情,
用对过去的虚拟,从句谓语用过去完成时had done。故填had happened。
20. The disheartened girl listened as if she _______(turn) into a stone.
【答案】had been turned
【详解】考查虚拟语气用法和动词短语。句意:那个沮丧的女孩听着,好像她已经变成了一块石头。分析
句子可知,此处为as if引导的方式状语从句,从句需用虚拟语气用法,由主句动词listened为过去时可知,
表示与过去事实相反的假设,此处从句动词应为过去完成时;表示“被变成”应为动词短语be turned
into。故填had been turned。
21. New technological inventions begin to play _______ essential role, for example, the robot can help us clean up
and finish much housework.
【答案】an
【详解】考查冠词。句意:新的技术发明开始发挥重要作用,例如,机器人可以帮助我们打扫卫生和完成
许多家务。由空格前的play和空格后的role可知,该题是考查固定短语play a role(发挥作用),再根据空格
后的essential发音是元音开头,应该用冠词an。故填an。
22. Therefore, it is high time that we _______(take) effective measures to improve the current situation.
【答案】took/should take
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:因此,现在真是我们采取有效措施改善现状的时候了。根据固定句型it is
high time that sb. did/should do sth.“真是某人做某事的时候了”可知,that引导的定语从句要用虚拟语气,
谓语部分结构为did/should do,should不能省。故填took/should take。
23. It's high time that we _______(apply )ourselves to the task of protecting our environment.
【答案】applied/should apply
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:该是我们投身于保护环境这项任务的时候了。在“It's high time+that从
句”这一句型中,从句谓语动词常用一般过去时或“should+动词原形”,其中should不能省略,故填
applied/should apply。
24. The Antarctica is so mysteriously described by some people. If only I _______(be) there before!
【答案】had been
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:有些人对南极洲的描述如此神秘。要是我以前去过那里就好了!If only引
导的条件状语从句,对过去事情的虚拟,故谓语用过去完成时。故填had been。
25. Keep in mind _______ body language plays a huge role _______ communication because it accounts for
over 50 per cent of communication.
【答案】that; in
【详解】考查从句和介词。句意:请记住,肢体语言在交流中起着巨大的作用,因为它占交流的50%以上。
分析句子可知,空①引导宾语从句,从句“body language plays a huge role________communication”句意完
整,成分齐全,用连词that引导从句,空二为介词in,play a role in...“在……起作用”,是固定短语,故填
①that;②in。
26. I have sent Miss Green an invitation to our party, but I don’t have the slightest idea _______ she will accept it.
【答案】whether【详解】考查同位语从句。句意:我有发送格林小姐邀请我们的聚会,但是我一点都不知道她是否会接受
它。分析句子结构可知,此处应为连接词引导的同位语从句对idea解释说明,从句中不缺少成分,但句意
不完整,结合句意可知,此处表示“是否”,所以此处使用whether。故填whether。
27. Getting up early also relieves stress and tension because it gives you the time to squeeze in a workout before
you get distracted(分神). This is _______ morning people tend to be healthier and happier.
【答案】why
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意:早起也有助于缓解压力和紧张,因为它让你有时间在分心之前进行一次
锻炼。这就是为什么早晨起来的人往往更健康、更快乐的原因。分析句子结构,这是一个包含表语从句的
复合句,因空白处在表语从句中作状语表示原因,使用连接副词连接表语从句,故填why。
28. Additionally, you should not ignore the other person’s body language, which will give you clues as to _______
the conversation is going well or not.
【答案】whether
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:此外,你不应该忽视对方的肢体语言,这将给你提供谈话是否进行顺利的
线索。分析句子可知,设空处连接宾语从句,从句不缺少成分,缺少是否的含义,并且接在介词后,应用
连接词whether。故填whether。
29. The excessive use of high technology can also make our life passive, _______ will make the majority of us
become lazier, and we are unwilling to explore minds any longer.
【答案】which
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意:过度使用高科技也会使我们的生活变得被动,这将使我们大多数
人变得懒惰。分析句子可知,逗号后面是一个非限制性定语从句,空格处应该填入一个关系代词代替前面
句子的内容在从句中作主语。故填which。
30. Zhong Wen’ an, chief engineer at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center, said they had completed the most
extensive rehearsal before launch, _______ is also the final joint rehearsal.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:西昌卫星发射中心总工程师钟文安表示,他们已经完成了发射前最广泛的
彩排,这也是最后一次联合彩排。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词rehearsal,指物,在定语从句中作
主语,需用关系代词which引导。故填which。
31. Tai Chi is a “soft” martial art(武术), _______ means it is slow and calm.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:太极拳是一种“软”武术,这意味着它是缓慢而平静的。分析句子可知,
空处缺少关系词,引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为前一句内容,作从句的主语,描述事物,用which引
导。故填which。
32. The meat filling might consist of chopped pork, beef or chicken _______ has been cooked with a variety of
spices.
【答案】that/which
【详解】 考查关系代词。这是一个定语从句,先行词是chopped pork, beef or chicken,是事物;定语从句
中缺少主语,所以用关系代词that/which在从句中作主语。故填that/which。
33. _______ is seen from the picture, a student is overloaded with piles of homework and endless afterschooltraining, making him breathless.
【答案】As
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意:从照片中可以看出,一名学生被成堆的家庭作业和无休止的放学
后训练弄得喘不过气来。此处是非限制性定语从句引导词,从句缺少主语,表示“正如”,应使用关系代
词as。位于句首首字母大写,故填As。
34. Tom's love for the Chinese bamboo flute started in elementary school, _______ clear sound guided him onto
the road of flute learning.
【答案】whose
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:汤姆对中国竹笛的喜爱始于小学,清脆的笛声引导他走上了学习长笛的道
路。此处引导非限定性定语从句,先行词为the Chinese bamboo flute,关系词在从句中作定语,修饰clear
sound,应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
35. Hua Mulan, the story of _______ has been told by generations in China, is a fighter from the Northern Wei
Dynasty (386-534).
【答案】whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:花木兰是北魏(386-534)的一位战士,中国历代都有花木兰的故事。分析
句子可知,此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是Hua Mulan,为人,作介词of后宾语,应用关系代词
whom引导。故填whom。
36. To become an artist or expert in calligraphy, one has to practice word by word and stroke by stroke _______
the spirit of the practice gets into one’s mind.
【答案】until/till
【详解】考查状语从句。句意:要成为一名艺术家或书法专家,一个人必须一笔一画地练习直到将练习的
精髓铭记于心。分析句子结构可知,此处应为连词引导的状语从句,结合句意可知,此处表示“直
到……”符合句意。故填until/till。
37. After six-and-a-half years and over 32, 000 kilometers, Maxwell’s walk ended _______ it began.
【答案】where
【详解】考查地点状语从句。句意:经过6年半,32000多公里的跋涉,麦克斯韦的旅程终于在起点结束
了。根据句意可知,此处是where引导的地点状语从句,表示“……的地方”。故填where。
38. This comes as no surprise, _______(give) that English has borrowed words from more than 300 different
languages, including Latin, Greek, French and Chinese.
【答案】given
【详解】考查原因状语从句。句意:这并不奇怪,鉴于英语从300多种不同的语言中借用词汇,包括拉丁
语、希腊语、法语和汉语。分析可知,given that译为“鉴于,考虑到”,引导原因状语从句,故填
given。
39. Involving the kids in planning the vacation makes sure that they have a great vacation too. I prefer to visit
historical sites and museums while they love to fish and swim. So I build in some relaxation time for us all
_______ the vacation can work for everyone.
【答案】so that
【详解】考查连词。句意:让孩子们参与计划假期可以确保他们也有一个很棒的假期。我喜欢参观历史古迹和博物馆,而他们喜欢钓鱼和游泳。所以我为大家安排了一些放松时间,这样每个人都能享受假期。so
that以便,引导目的状语从句。根据句意,故填so that。
40. Calligraphy is so abstract and amazing _______ in Chinese culture it is universally regarded as the most
inspiring power of a person.
【答案】that
【详解】考查结果状语从句。句意:书法是如此抽象和惊人,在中国文化中,它被普遍认为是一个人最鼓
舞人心的力量。本句为so...that引导的结果状语从句。故填that。
41. “It is hard for the children to keep their attention focused on their studies with all the noise, and the parents will
never be able to concentrate on their business _______ they have to look after their children,” she said.
【答案】if
【详解】考查连词。句意:她说:“在这么大的噪音中,孩子们很难把注意力集中在学习上,如果父母要
照顾孩子,他们就永远无法集中精力在生意上。”分析句子成分可知,空处应为连词,且结合句意,从句
为主句的条件,故应为if引导的条件状语从句。故填if。
42. He realized that it was important to do all that he wanted to do without postponing them, _______ it was
fixing a friendship that had problems or going on an adventurous vacation.
【答案】whether
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意:他意识到,不推迟自己想做的事情是很重要的,无论是修复有问题的
友谊还是去进行一次冒险的假期。分析句子结构,根据上文“He realized that it was important to do all that
he wanted to do without postponing them(他意识到,不推迟自己想做的事情是很重要的)”以及下文“it was
fixing a friendship that had problems or going on an adventurous vacation(修复有问题的友谊还是去进行一次冒
险的假期)”可知上下文之间为转折关系,使用表示让步关系的连接代词whether连接从句,表示“无论”含
义,故填whether。
43. If I chose to remain silent when my parents were criticizing me, they would get angrier because I was acting
_______ I had intended to be disrespectful.
【答案】as if/as though
【详解】考查方式状语从句。句意:如果我在父母批评我的时候选择保持沉默,他们会更生气,因为我的
行为就好像是我在故意不尊重他们一样。分析句子可知,设空处前后均为完整的句子,需填连词;结合句
意可知,此处表示我的行为“好像”是我在故意不尊重他们一样,表示“好像、似乎”,可用as if或as
though,此处为方式状语从句。故填as if/ though。
44. Do foreigners not understand British humor or are the British just not so funny _______ they think they are?
【答案】as
【详解】考查连词。句意:是外国人不懂英式幽默,还是英国人真的不像他们自己认为的那样有趣?根据
“just not so funny”和“they think they are”可知此处要用连词,短语so...as...意为“与……一样”。故填
as。
45. It wasn’t invented in the United States, nor _______(do) it originate in Germany. It really comes from China.
【答案】did
【详解】考查助动词。句意:它不是在美国被发明的,它的起源也不在德国。当否定词nor位于句首时,
句子要进行部分倒装,因为说的是过去的事情,所以该助动词要用did,故填did。46. When _______(speak) by a stranger, they can function as a _______(mean) of attracting your attention.
【答案】spoken; means
【详解】考查非谓语动词和名词。句意:当一个陌生人说话时,它们可以作为吸引你注意力的一种手段。
第一空为状语从句的省略,从句省略主语they和be动词,且主语与speak构成被动关系,应填过去分词
spoken;第二空为短语a means of表示“一种方式”。故填①spoken;②means。
47. Why is it _______ some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us?
【答案】that
【详解】考查强调句。句意:到底是为什么一些人比我们其他人聪明得多或者有创造性得多?分析句子可
知,此处是强调句型的特殊疑问句式,结构为“特殊疑问词+is/was it+that+其他成分”。故填that。
48. No sooner had I begun to understand how British people communicate _______ it was time to head back
home.
【答案】than
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意:我刚开始了解英国人的交流方式,就该回家了。no sooner had sb.
done...than...是固定搭配,意为“一……就……”,因此空格处是than,故填than。
49. _______ existed an obvious conflict between the accounts of the witnesses, so a judgment was not announced
in court.
【答案】There
【详解】考查存在句。句意:证人的陈述之间存在明显的冲突,因此没有在法庭上宣布判决。分析句子可
知,句中涉及固定句型“There existed…”,意为“存在……”,为存在句,句首单词首字母大写,故空格
处应填“There”。故填There。
50. What is amazing about these earth buildings _______(be) the fact that some of them are over 700 years old,
surviving through natural elements, including earthquakes.
【答案】is
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:这些土楼的惊人之处在于,其中一些已经有700多年的历史了,它
们在包括地震在内一些自然元素中幸存下来。陈述的是客观事实,用一般现在时,主语是What is amazing
about these earth buildings,谓语动词用第三人称单数,故填is。
03 短篇语法填空模拟演练
Passage 1
(2024届江苏省苏锡常镇四市高三下学期二模英语试题)China has nearly 5,000 years of ___1___(record)
history. However, the history of Chinese furniture is even longer than ___2___ of its writing, which can be traced
back to the Hemudu Culture more than 7,000 years ago.
During the Ming and Qing dynasties, most of the furniture was hand-made using high-quality hardwood
___3___ raw materials, which are now rare and expensive. Ordinary people often use wood such as pine, elm, and
beech, but the quality between the woods___4___(different) greatly.
Classical furniture is mostly made by hand. Modern machines cannot ___5___(complete) replace handwork.
The shapes carved by the machine are neat but the lines are rigid and lacking vitality.
The most delicate aspect of Chinese classical furniture is the structural part of the furniture-mountains-and-
treetops(榫卯) work. Combining pieces of wood together, ___6___(use) nothing more than the wood itself, is abasic skill of all carpenters(木匠) in ancient China. It was first discovered in the wooden structure of the Hemudu
site ___7___ the ancestors lived more than 7,000 years ago. This structure is the wisdom of the Chinese working
people and fully represents the ___8___(create) and artistry(艺术性) of humanity.
Ancient Chinese ___9___(philosophy) have been expressed in traditional Chinese furniture. For example,
Confucianism emphasizes gentleness and moderation. ___10___(achieve) that, skilled carpenters properly matched
the curves and straight lines of the furniture. That’s why Chinese furniture always displays both balance and
stability.
【答案】
1. recorded 2. that 3. as 4. differs 5. completely
6. using 7. where 8. creativity 9. philosophies 10. To achieve
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。详细阐述了中国古典家具的历史、制作工艺、哲学意义及其与文化和审美的
关联。
1. 考查形容词。句意:中国有近5000年的历史记载。空后是名词,所以空处应填形容词作定语,record和
history之间是被动关系,应该用-ed形式,表达“有记录的历史”之意。故填recorded。
2. 考查代词。句意:然而,中国家具的历史甚至比它的文字还要悠久,它可以追溯到7000多年前的河姆
渡文化。空前是介词,所以空处应填入宾语,根据句意,此处应用代词that代指前文的history of Chinese
furniture。故填that。
3. 考查介词。明清时期的家具多为手工制作,以优质硬木为原料,如今这种木材已十分稀少,价格昂贵。
此处是固定搭配:use...as...意为“把...当作...使用”。故填as。
4. 考查动词和主谓一致。句意:一般人常用的木材有松木、榆树、山毛榉等,但这些木材的质量差别很大。
本句是but引导的并列句,后句缺少谓语,所以空处应填动词,different的动词形式是differ,根据前文use
可知,句子时态用一般现在时,主语the quality为第三人称单数。故填differs。
5. 考查副词。句意:现代机器不能完全取代手工。空处修饰空后的动词,应该用副词。故填completely。
6. 考查非谓语动词。句意:将木块组合在一起,只用木头本身,是中国古代所有木匠的基本技能。本句已
有谓语动词is,所以use用非谓语形式,use的逻辑主语是“combining pieces of wood together”这件事,两
者是主动关系,故用现在分词形式using。故填using。
7. 考查定语从句。句意:它最初是在7000多年前祖先居住的河姆渡遗址的木结构中发现的。分析句子结
构可知,空处引导定语从句修饰先行词Hemudu site,在从句中作地点状语,用where引导。故填where。
8. 考查名词。句意:这种结构是中国劳动人民的智慧,充分体现了人类的创造性和艺术性。空前是定冠词,
以及根据空后的and可知,空处应填名词和后文的artistry并列作宾语,create的名词形式是creativity。故
填creativity。
9. 考查名词。句意:中国古代的哲学思想在中国传统家具中得到了体现。本句缺少主语,所以空处应填名
词作主语,根据后文的have可知,主语用复数形式。故填philosophies。
10. 考查非谓语动词。句意:为了做到这一点,熟练的木匠正确地匹配了家具的曲线和直线。本句已有谓
语动词matched,所以achieve用非谓语形式,根据句意,此处表目的,用不定式作目的状语,位于句首,
首字母引大写。故填To achieve。
Passage 2
(2024届湖北省十堰市高三下学期4月调研考试英语试题)With the worldwide celebration of the ChineseNew Year, traditional Chinese cultural forms such as the Yingge Dance (Dance of Heroes) and dragon and lion
dances have once again attracted widespread attention.
As the Chinese New Year is increasingly celebrated ___1___(global), it has brought its traditional
celebrations elsewhere and seen people of other countries join the festivities. This Spring Festival, a team of Yingge
dancers from South China’s Guangdong Province ___2___(invite) to the UK, bringing an exciting performance to
London’s Burlington Arcade ___3___(celebrate) the Chinese New Year.
Literally ___4___(translate) as the “Songs of Heroes” dance, Yingge Dance is an old folk dance ___5___
originated from the Chaoshan area of South China’s Guangdong Province. Dressed in colorful costumes,
performers wave wooden sticks in their hands while ___6___(dance) in orderly formations to the music.
Based on the stories of the 108 ___7___(hero) of Liangshan Mountain from the classic novel Outlaws of the
Marsh(《水浒传》), this is ___8___ folk art combining a variety of forms, from martial arts and Chinese operas
to dance.
From a centuries-old art form to a magnum opus (杰作) of Chinese tradition worldwide, the
___9___(popular) of Yingge Dance on the streets of London during the Spring Festival was a success ___10___
terms of traditional Chinese folk art sailing overseas.
【答案】
1. globally 2. was/were invited 3. to celebrate 4. translated 5. that/which
6. dancing 7. heroes 8. a 9. popularity 10. in
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国春节期间,传统舞蹈形式如英歌舞和舞龙舞狮再次受到广泛
关注。
1. 考查副词。句意:随着中国新年在全球范围内的庆祝活动越来越多,它把传统的庆祝活动带到了其他地
方,其他国家的人们也加入了庆祝活动。修饰动词celebrated,用副词globally作状语,意为“全球地”。
故填globally。
2. 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:今年春节,来自中国南方广东省的英歌舞蹈团应邀来到英国,在伦敦
伯灵顿拱廊带来了精彩的表演,庆祝中国新年。分析句子可知,invite(邀请)是句中谓语动词,与主语a
team of Yingge dancers之间是被动关系,句中有时间状语This Spring Festival,讲述过去的事情应使用一般
过去时态,又因主语a team是集体名词,可视为一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式,也可视为强调全体成员,
谓语动词用复数形式。综上,谓语应用一般过去时的被动语态,单数形式或复数形式。故填was/were
invited。
3. 考查非谓语动词。句意:今年春节,来自中国南方广东省的英歌舞蹈团应邀来到英国,在伦敦伯灵顿拱
廊带来了精彩的表演,庆祝中国新年。“(celebrate) the Chinese New Year”是“bringing an exciting
performance to London’s Burlington Arcade”的目的,用不定式作目的状语。故填to celebrate。
4. 考查非谓语动词。句意:字面上翻译为“英雄之歌”舞蹈,英歌是一种古老的民间舞蹈,起源于中国南
方广东省潮汕地区。“Literally 4 (translate) as the “Songs of Heroes” dance”作伴随状语,
translate(翻译)是非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语Yingge Dance之间是被动关系,用过去分词表被动。故填
translated。
5. 考查定语从句。句意:字面上翻译为“英雄之歌”舞蹈,英歌是一种古老的民间舞蹈,起源于中国南方
广东省潮汕地区。分析句子可知,空格处单词引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词an old folk dance,关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语,应使用关系代词that或which引导该从句。故填that/which。
6. 考查状语从句的省略和非谓语动词。句意:表演者们穿着五颜六色的服装,手持木棒,随着音乐整齐地
跳舞。在when, while, if, as if, though(或although), as, until, once, whether, unless, where等连词连接的状语从
句中,常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词。结合句意,分析子可知,“while 6 (dance) in orderly
formations to the music”是时间状语从句,原句为“while they were dancing in orderly formations to the
music”,符合状语从句省略条件,省略they were后,应保留现在分词dancing。故填dancing。
7. 考查名词。句意:这是一种结合了武术、戏曲、舞蹈等多种形式的民间艺术,取材于经典小说《水浒
传》中梁山108好汉的故事。可数名词hero作宾语,有数词“108”修饰,用复数形式。故填heroes。
8. 考查冠词。句意:这是一种结合了武术、戏曲、舞蹈等多种形式的民间艺术,取材于经典小说《水浒
传》中梁山108好汉的故事。可数名词folk art在句中表示“一种民间艺术”,泛指,folk发音以辅音音素
开头,用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
9. 考查名词。句意:从一种有着数百年历史的艺术形式,到中国传统在世界范围内的代表作,春节期间在
伦敦街头流行的英歌,是中国传统民间艺术出海的一次成功。提示词作主语,用名词popularity,意为“流
行,普及”,不可数名词。故填popularity。
10. 考查介词。句意:从一种有着数百年历史的艺术形式,到中国传统在世界范围内的代表作,春节期间
在伦敦街头流行的英歌,是中国传统民间艺术出海的一次成功。in terms of是固定短语,意为“就……而
言;从……角度来看”。故填in。
Passage 3
(2024 届湖南省岳阳市高三下学期教学质量监测(二)英语试题)The 16th to 18th centuries
___1___(witness) the peak time of Suzhou classical gardens, following the rise of the city as ___2___ economic
center, playing host to around 250 gardens. Some were inevitably lost to time, but some of the more recent
___3___ kept blossoming. A survey from 2015 to 2018 showed that the city is home to 108 classical gardens, 57 of
___4___ are in the historical neighborhood of Gusu district.
“Suzhou gardens reveal people’s adoration of nature by mixing elements of different natural landscapes
___5___ their designs,” says He Fengchun, director of the Suzhou Institute of Landscape Architecture Design.
“They inspire us ___6___(pursue) harmony with the world around us.” “Visiting a garden is like unrolling a
traditional Chinese landscape painting,” she further explains. “So, like paintings, ancient Chinese philosophy and
morals ___7___(hide) in the details of the gardens.” In centuries past, Suzhou also ___8___(large) directed the
development of ancient Chinese landscape gardens as a whole.
Zhu Haijun, director of Suzhou Conservation and Monitoring Center, considers education programs for the
young generation as key to ___9___(pass) down the intangible heritage for the future. “The future destiny of the
classical gardens is in their hands,” he says. “We’d like to plant a seed in their hearts so that the gardens can
continue to flourish through the ___10___(age).”
【答案】
1. witnessed 2. an 3. ones 4. which 5. into
6. to pursue 7. are hidden 8. largely 9. passing 10. ages
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了苏州古典园林的历史发展以及意义。
1. 考查动词时态。句意:16至18世纪见证了苏州古典园林的鼎盛时期,随着城市作为经济中心的崛起,大约有 250 个花园。空格处作谓语,根据主语 The 16th to 18th centuries,应用一般过去时。故填
witnessed。
2. 考查冠词。句意:16至18世纪见证了苏州古典园林的鼎盛时期,随着城市作为经济中心的崛起,大约
有250个花园。center为可数名词,此处表示泛指,economic发音以元音音素开头,需用不定冠词an。故
填an。
3. 考查代词。句意:有些是不可避免地消失在时间里,但最近的一些继续开花。此处应填代词指代前面的
可数名词复数gardens,所以用代词ones。故填ones。
4. 考查定语从句。句意:2015年至2018年的一项调查显示,该市拥有108座古典园林,其中57座位于姑
苏区历史街区。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词gardens,先行词在从句中作介词of的宾语,只能用
which引导从句。故填which。
5. 考查介词。句意:苏州园林设计研究院院长何凤春表示:“苏州园林通过将不同的自然景观元素融入设
计中,体现了人们对自然的崇拜。”mix sth. into sth.为固定搭配,意为“把某物混合进某物中”。故填
into。
6. 考查非谓语动词。句意:“它们激励我们追求与周围世界的和谐。”inspire sb. to do为固定搭配,意为
“鼓励某人做某事”。故填to pursue。
7. 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:“所以,就像绘画一样,中国古代的哲学和道德都隐藏在园林的细节
中。”空格处作谓语,主语ancient Chinese philosophy and morals,为名词的复数,与动词hide为被动关系,
本句陈述的为客观事实,应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are hidden。
8. 考查副词。句意:在过去的几个世纪里,苏州也在很大程度上指导了中国古代园林的整体发展。空格处
作状语,应用副词修饰动词directed。故填largely。
9. 考查非谓语动词。句意:苏州保护监测中心主任朱海军认为,针对年轻一代 的教育项目是将非物质文化
遗产传承给未来的关键。the key to doing sth.为固定搭配,意为“做某事的关键”。故填passing。
10. 考查名词的数。句意:“我们想在他们心中种下一颗种子,这样花园就能经久不衰。”age表示“时代,
时期”时为可数名词,此处应用名词的复数形式。故填ages。
Passage 4
(2024届山东省泰安市新泰第一中学老校区(新泰中学)高三下学期第二次模拟英语试题)The market for
wearable technology in the past few years has been on a rapid rise. We seem to have too much attachment to data
accessible on those devices. ___1___ is it a good thing that we’re relying on technology more often than not,
recording every step we take? Can those tools really maximize your workout benefits? The real questions surround
not the ___2___(wear), but the wearer.
The challenge for athletes ___3___(look) to up their game with data is finding the type of information that is
most helpful. If you are hoping to run faster and want to try moderating your pace based on heart rate “zones,” a
wearable can help you do so. However, for professionals and those who are new ___4___working out, less is more.
Earlier this month, Sara Hall, a professional marathon runner competing in the U.S. Olympic marathon trials,
actually ___5__ (throw) away her GPS watch midrace ___6__ (avoid) distraction. Similarly, for beginner runners,
it’s more important to learn to listen to your body’s signals — tiredness, ___7__ (ache), bursts of energy--___8___
to track your pace or heart rate. Depending on what those goals are, there might be ways to achieve them that are
more cost ___9__ (effect), more fun, more convenient. Dr. Ethan Weiss, a physician at the University of Californiatells his patients that a different item___10___(attach) at your wrist, like a leash, is more likely to pull you toward
more activity.
【答案】
1. But 2. wearable 3. looking 4. to 5. threw
6. to avoid 7. aches 8. than 9. effective 10. attached
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕可穿戴技术及其对运动员和锻炼者的影响进行了讨论。作者提
出了关于可穿戴技术是否真的能最大化锻炼效果的问题,并通过专业马拉松运动员和初学者的例子,探讨
了过多依赖数据可能带来的问题。
1. 考查连词。句意:但是,我们更多地依赖于技术,记录我们的每一步,这是一件好事吗?空前“We
seem to have too much attachment to data accessible on those devices.”和空后“is it a good thing that we're
relying on technology more often than not, recording every step we take?”之间为转折关系,用连词but连接;
出现在句首,首字母大写。故填But。
2. 考查形容词。句意:真正的问题不在于可穿戴设备,而在于穿戴者本身。分析句子成分,根据句意可知,
空处考查“定冠词+形容词”,表示一类人或事物。本句指的是可穿戴设备,用 the+ wearable。故填
wearable。
3. 考查非谓语动词。句意:对于想要用数据提升比赛水平的运动员而言,面临的挑战是找到最有帮助的信
息类型。非谓语动词担当后置定语,被修饰词“athlete”和动词“look”之间为主动关系,用现在分词形式。
故填looking。
4. 考查固定短语。句意:然而,对于专业人士和那些刚开始锻炼的人来说,少即是多。固定短语:be new
to,意为“刚开始做某事,初学乍练的”,符合句意。故填to。
5. 考查时态。句意:本月早些时候,参加美国奥运会马拉松选拔赛的职业马拉松运动员Sara Hall为了避免
分心,竟然在比赛中途扔掉了她的GPS手表。这里为本句谓语动词,根据时间状语“earlier this month”可
知,本句时态为一般过去时。故填threw。
6. 考查非谓语动词。句意:本月早些时候,参加美国奥运会马拉松选拔赛的职业马拉松运动员Sara Hall为
了避免分心,竟然在比赛中途扔掉了她的GPS手表。非谓语动词担当目的状语,用动词不定式形式。故填
to avoid。
7. 考查名词的复数。句意:同样,对于跑步初学者来说,学会倾听你身体的信号--疲劳、疼痛、能量爆
发--比跟踪你的速度或心率更重要。分析句子成分可知,ache“疼痛”为可数名词,应用名词的复数形式。
故填aches。
8. 考查固定搭配。句意:同样,对于跑步初学者来说,学会倾听你身体的信号--疲劳、疼痛、能量爆发--
比跟踪你的速度或心率更重要。根据上文的“more important”可知,空处填“than”,构成固定搭配:
more…than…,意为“比……更……”,符合句意。故填than。
9. 考查形容词。句意:根据目标的不同,可能会有一些成本更低、更有趣、更方便的方法来实现这些目标。
分析句子成分可知,空处为形容词形式,和下文“fun、convenient”并列,作表语。故填effective。
10. 考查非谓语动词。句意:加州大学的内科医生 Ethan Weiss博士告诉他的病人,在手腕上系一条不同的
东西,比如皮带,更有可能把你拉向更多的活动。非谓语动词担当后置定语,被修饰词“a different item”
和动词“attach”之间存在被动关系,用过去分词形式。故填attached。
Passage 5(2024届广东省梅州市高三年级4月总复习质检(二模)英语试题)The Guangdong Lion Dance, a national
tradition popular in Foshan and Guangzhou, is a typical Southern Lion Dance.
Lion dancing___1___(date) back thousands of years, to the Tang Dynasty, and a legend about the emperor
having a dream___2___a lion saved his life. And later it___3___(introduce) to the south by migrants from the
north. The Guangdong Lion Dance developed into___4___(it) modern form during the Ming Dynasty (AD 1368-
1644). In Chinese tradition, people regard the lion as___5___symbol of braveness and strength, which can drive
away evil and protect humans and livestock. Lion dancing___6___(main) focuses on the performance of the lion
dance, attaching much attention to movements___7___scratching an itch(抓痒), shaking the mane(鬃毛) and
licking(舔) the hair.
The Guangdong Lion Dance, a___8___(combine) of martial arts, dance and music, is popular not only in
Guangdong and Guangxi provinces, but also among overseas Chinese in Southeast Asian countries,___9___(make)
it a cultural bridge for overseas Chinese keeping in touch with their national roots. It is considered to be a tradition
with far-reaching cultural value. Lunar New Year is the perfect time___10___(share) and celebrate that culture and
heritage.
【答案】
1. dates 2. where 3. was introduced 4. its 5. a
6. mainly 7. like 8. combination 9. making 10. to share
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了舞狮的历史以及特点。
1. 考查时态。句意:舞狮可以追溯到几千年前的唐朝,传说皇帝梦见狮子救了他的命。句子客观陈述事实,
应用一般现在时,主语为Lion dancing,谓语用三单形式。故填dates。
2. 考查定语从句。句意:舞狮可以追溯到几千年前的唐朝,传说皇帝梦见狮子救了他的命。此处是限定性
定语从句,先行词是dream,关系词替代先行在从句作地点状语,应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
3. 考查时态语态。句意:后来由北方的移民传入南方。主语与谓语构成被动关系,且发生在过去,应用一
般过去时的被动语态,主语为it,谓语用单数。故填was introduced。
4. 考查代词。句意:广东舞狮在明朝(公元1368-1644年)发展成为现代形式。此处修饰名词form,应用形
容词性物主代词its。故填its。
5. 考查冠词。句意:在中国传统中,人们认为狮子是勇敢和力量的象征,它可以驱邪,保护人类和牲畜。
此处symbol为泛指,且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词,应用不定冠词a。故填a。
6. 考查副词。句意:舞狮主要以舞狮表演为主,注重抓痒、抖鬃毛、舔毛等动作。此处修饰动词focus,
应用副词mainly,作状语。故填mainly。
7. 考查介词。句意:舞狮主要以舞狮表演为主,注重抓痒、抖鬃毛、舔毛等动作。此处用于举例,表示
“比如”应用介词like。故填like。
8. 考查名词。句意:广东舞狮集武术、舞蹈和音乐于一体,不仅在广东、广西两省流行,而且在东南亚国
家的海外华人中也很流行,成为海外华人联系民族根源的文化桥梁。表示“一种组合”短语为a
combination of。故填combination。
9. 考查非谓语动词。句意:广东舞狮集武术、舞蹈和音乐于一体,不仅在广东、广西两省流行,而且在东
南亚国家的海外华人中也很流行,成为海外华人联系民族根源的文化桥梁。此处make与上文句子构成主
动关系,应用现在分词,作状语。故填making。