Passage 1太空反射镜：把阳光卖到夜里

体裁：说明文（时事·科技与环境）　词数：约 396　难度：★★★（对标 C 篇·中难偏上）

原文（先做后看解析；仅真超纲词就近标注，其余请语境自猜）

For most of history, the only light after sunset came from the Moon and the stars. A company in California, Reflect Orbital, intends to change that: place a large mirror in orbit（轨道）, turn it to the right angle, and send a patch of sunlight down to a paying customer on the dark side of the Earth. The first test satellite is expected to fly before the end of 2026.

The satellite, named Eärendil-1, will open a reflector eighteen metres on each side — roughly a basketball court — and circle the planet at about 625 kilometres. The light it throws back would make a moving pool of brightness about five kilometres wide, as bright as a full moon. The company lists practical uses: solar farms that keep producing after sunset, night-time search and rescue, and building sites that no longer need diesel generators. If the test goes well, the firm hopes to operate tens of thousands of such mirrors by 2035.

Astronomers are far from convinced. Modern observatories photograph enormous areas of the sky, and one bright object crossing the frame leaves a white line that spoils the picture. The Vera Rubin Observatory in Chile, designed to photograph the whole southern sky every few nights, would be especially exposed. Tony Tyson, its chief scientist, has asked people to imagine a sky full of moons. Professional bodies including the American Astronomical Society and DarkSky International want the plan examined first, and the European Southern Observatory calls it a threat to optical（光学的） astronomy.

Biologists raise a second concern. Nocturnal animals and night-blooming plants are tuned to a steady rhythm of dark and light, and moving pools of brightness could confuse them. Then there is the question of who decides. The 1967 Outer Space Treaty says space belongs to all humanity and must not be polluted, yet it has little power to enforce that promise. The agency that approved the satellite, the United States Federal Communications Commission, deals with radio signals, and noted that the brightness of the night sky lies outside its rules. The first mirrors may rise before anyone has agreed how bright the sky should be.

Supporters answer that the light is faint, that it passes in minutes, and that the mirrors can be turned away when unwanted. Critics reply that a service sold one customer at a time adds up, and that a shared sky is difficult to take back.

题目（Q1–Q4）

1. What would a customer of the company actually receive?A. Photographs of the night sky taken from orbit.B. A moving patch of moonlight-bright light over a chosen area.C. Electricity stored in orbit and sent down after dark.D. Permanent street lighting for entire cities after sunset.
2. What can be inferred about why astronomers remain worried although the company describes its light as faint?　★踮脚A. The beam is in fact far brighter than a full moon.B. Satellites will block the view of distant galaxies altogether.C. A single bright line spoils an image, and every new mirror adds one more.D. The extra light will heat the reflector and damage the telescopes below.
3. The word “nocturnal” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ______.A. easily confused by light　B. feeding on plantsC. living in forests　D. active during the night
4. What does Paragraph 4 suggest about the rules for brightening the night sky?A. The satellite was held back until the sky’s brightness had been studied.B. The agency that approved it does not treat sky brightness as its business.C. International agreements permit companies to sell sunlight wherever they choose.D. Observatories have been given the right to switch individual mirrors off.

逐题解析

1. 答案：B

正确依据：跨段综合。第 1 段给出服务内容——“send a patch of sunlight down to a paying customer on the dark side of the Earth”；第 2 段给出这一片光的规格——“a moving pool of brightness about five kilometres wide, as bright as a full moon”。两处合并即 B：客户买到的是落在指定区域上、亮度接近满月的一片移动光斑。

干扰项：A 张冠李戴（“拍摄夜空”是第 3 段天文台的工作，不是公司的服务）；C 偷换概念（文中卖的是“反射来的阳光”，并非把电能储存在轨道上再输送）；D 程度范围错位（服务对象是太阳能电站、搜救与施工点，且光斑只有约 5 公里宽，谈不上“整座城市的永久照明”）。

2. 答案：C　★踮脚

正确依据：依据第 3 段 “one bright object crossing the frame leaves a white line that spoils the picture”“designed to photograph the whole southern sky every few nights, would be especially exposed”，以及末段 “a service sold one customer at a time adds up”。把“单条亮线毁掉一次曝光”与“镜面数量会不断累加”合起来，才是担忧的真正落点。★踮脚原因：公司强调“光微弱、几分钟就过去”，学生必须跳出“亮度高低”这一层，转到“长时间曝光＋数量累加”这一层才能排除其余选项。

干扰项：A 与原文相反（公司说的是 faint、约满月亮度，第 2 段未作更亮的描述）；B 过度推断（亮线会毁掉照片，但文中并未说会“完全挡住”远处星系）；D 无中生有（全文未提加热或损坏望远镜，只说成像被破坏）。

3. 答案：D

正确依据：语境推断。该词与 “night-blooming plants” 并列出现在同一句中，后面又说它们 “are tuned to a steady rhythm of dark and light”，可见 nocturnal 描述的是“在夜间活动”这一习性。

干扰项：A 偷换概念（“可能被强光弄糊涂”是光照带来的后果，不是 nocturnal 的词义）；B 张冠李戴（把同句中“夜间开放的植物”这一信息挪到动物身上）；C 无中生有（文中未限定这类动物的栖息地）。

4. 答案：B

正确依据：依据第 4 段 “The agency that approved the satellite ... deals with radio signals, and it noted that the brightness of the night sky lies outside its rules”。批准机构只管无线电信号、并明确表示夜空亮度不在其规则范围内，推一步即 B：它并不把天空亮度当作自己的管辖事项。

干扰项：A 与原文相反（卫星已获批准，并非被搁置到研究之后）；C 程度范围错位（文中说《外层空间条约》虽主张太空属全人类且不得被污染，却“has little power to enforce”，谈不上“允许公司任意出售日照”）；D 无中生有（“可随时转开镜面”是公司自己的说法，并非赋予天文台的权利）。

语篇分析

体裁：说明文（时事科技报道，非虚构）。
结构骨架：现象与方案 — 具体规格与用途 — 反对方证据 — 更广的顾虑与监管空白 — 双方交锋收束。第 1 段用“从月亮与星星到付费客户”建立落差，第 2 段用尺寸、轨道高度、光斑宽度三组数字把方案落到实处，第 3 段以天文台的成像受损为主要反证，第 4 段把问题从“技术之争”推进到“谁来管”，末段以双方各一句话收尾。
难度提示：长难句集中在第 3 段（插入语 “designed to photograph ...” 隔开主谓）与第 4 段（yet 转折＋冒号后并列）。拉分点：Q2（须从“亮度”转到“曝光与累加”）、Q4（须读出监管条款的“留白”）。猜词目标词 nocturnal 靠并列与“明暗节律”定位。

核心词汇（构词法标红＝派生词）

词组 / 固定搭配

after sunset 日落后as bright as 与……一样亮search and rescue 搜救be tuned to 与……相协调；适应far from convinced 一点也不信服lie outside 不属于（某范围）add up 累加起来take back 收回，取回

阅读解题知识点

① 时事说明文要分三层读：事实—主张—争议。第 1、2 段是“事实与规格”（谁做、做什么、多大、多亮），第 3、4 段是“争议”（谁会受损、谁有权决定），第 5 段是双方各执一词。分层之后，Q1 只可能落在第一、二层，Q2 与 Q4 只能落在第三层；把某一段的话搬到另一层，就是选项中常见的“张冠李戴”。
② 猜词题优先看“并列与对照”，而不是回忆词典。本句 “Nocturnal animals and night-blooming plants are tuned to a steady rhythm of dark and light” 提供了两条线索：与“夜间开花”的植物并列，且共同“适应明暗节律”，据此即可锁定“夜间活动”。

练习建议：把本篇三组数字（18 米、625 公里、5 公里）各写一句“它们在证明什么”，再对照 Q1 的选项——你会发现干扰项 D 正是把“5 公里光斑”夸成了“整城照明”。

Passage 2暗物质的第一个“暗示”：在“线索”与“发现”之间

体裁：议论文（科研解读·外刊）　词数：约 456　难度：★★★★（对标 D 篇·外刊高难）

原文（先做后看解析；仅真超纲词就近标注，其余请语境自猜）

On 1 September 2026, a team of physicists reported something they could not explain. Deep underground in South Dakota, a detector built to hunt for one of the universe’s most elusive substances had recorded a single flash of energy. The team chose its words carefully: this was a hint, not a discovery. “It could be the first hint of a dark matter observation,” said Sam Eriksen of the University of Bristol, who presented the result at a conference in Japan.

Dark matter is the name given to whatever makes up most of the matter in the universe. It cannot be seen, because it neither reflects nor gives off light. Astronomers first suspected that something extra was there almost a century ago, when Fritz Zwicky noticed that galaxies in a distant cluster were moving so fast that they should have flown apart. In the 1970s Vera Rubin met the same puzzle closer to home: stars near the edges of galaxies were turning too quickly to be held in place by the matter we can see. Only additional, invisible mass could account for the extra pull.

The instrument behind the new work is known as LUX-ZEPLIN, one of the most sensitive of its kind. It sits almost 1.5 kilometres down an old gold mine, where a thick layer of rock blocks the cosmic rays that would otherwise fill the experiment with false signals. Its heart is a tank of several tonnes of liquid xenon（氙）, watched by 494 light sensors. If a weakly interacting massive particle (a WIMP) strikes a xenon atom, the collision should produce a faint flash. In 220 days of data collected between March 2023 and April 2024 the team found nothing of the kind. Then it widened the search to higher energies, and met one event that known particles could not easily explain.

Cautious physicists, however, put confidence into numbers. The event stands at about 2.6 sigma（西格玛，统计学中衡量显著程度的单位）, which leaves roughly a 0.5 per cent chance that ordinary background noise produced it — well short of the five-sigma standard the field requires before anyone may speak of a discovery. Two further details unsettle the picture. If a WIMP caused the flash, it would be more than two hundred times heavier than a proton, which most theories do not predict. And if some rare background effect were responsible, the event would vanish, taking the excitement with it.

Independent researchers have reacted with a mixture of interest and doubt. “It’s only one event,” said Dan Hooper of the University of Wisconsin-Madison. “Who knows what’s really going on here?” Others point out that a confirmed detection would force physicists to rewrite parts of their theories. The team has released its analysis so that other detectors can search for similar events, and it welcomes the arguments that will follow.

题目（Q5–Q8）

1. Why does the LUX-ZEPLIN detector sit almost 1.5 kilometres below the surface?A. To keep the liquid inside the tank at a low temperature.B. To protect the equipment from earthquakes and flooding.C. To screen out particles that would otherwise imitate the signals being hunted.D. To prevent rival research groups from copying the design.
2. How does the passage describe the standing of the recorded event as evidence?A. It falls short of the level the field demands before a discovery can be claimed.B. It has already been reproduced by a second detector in another country.C. It is strong enough to overturn current theories without further checks.D. It rests on data that scientists outside the team are unable to examine.
3. What can be inferred about the attitude of physicists who did not take part in the work?　★踮脚A. They have dismissed the event as a fault in the instrument.B. They expect the puzzle to be settled within a few years.C. They believe the team’s statistics were worked out incorrectly.D. They find the result worth attention while treating it as far from settled.
4. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the passage?A. To explain a striking result while making clear how far it is from proof.B. To argue that dark matter has at last been discovered.C. To describe how an old gold mine was turned into a laboratory.D. To compare the world’s leading detectors with one another.

逐题解析

5. 答案：C

正确依据：隐含因果。依据第 3 段 “It sits almost 1.5 kilometres down an old gold mine, where a thick layer of rock blocks the cosmic rays that would otherwise fill the experiment with false signals.” 岩层的作用是挡掉宇宙射线；句中 otherwise 已点明：若不挡住，实验就会被假信号淹没。所谓“假信号”，正是会冒充待找信号的东西。

干扰项：A 张冠李戴（“低温的液体”是探测器内部液氙的特征，与选址的深浅无关）；B 无中生有（文中未提地震或洪水）；D 无中生有（科研竞争不在本文讨论范围内）。

6. 答案：A

正确依据：跨段综合。第 4 段给出 “about 2.6 sigma ... well short of the five-sigma standard the field requires before anyone may speak of a discovery”；第 5 段说明数据已公开、供其他探测器继续寻找同类事件。两处合并即 A：证据强度尚未达到该领域对“发现”的门槛。

干扰项：B 与原文相反（文中说团队把分析公开，期待其他探测器去寻找，尚未有第二次重复）；C 程度范围错位（未达门槛，谈不上“无需进一步核验即可推翻现有理论”）；D 与原文相反（团队已公布分析供外界检验）。

7. 答案：D　★踮脚

正确依据：依据第 5 段 “a mixture of interest and doubt” 与 Hooper 的引语 “It’s only one event ... Who knows what’s really going on here?” 再对照第 4 段的统计门槛，可推出：外界态度是“值得关注，但远未定论”。★踮脚原因：须同时处理“兴趣＋怀疑”这一混合态度与“一次事件、2.6 sigma”这一证据层级，才能把程度拿准；稍一用力就会选到“已否定”或“即将会定论”的过头表述。

干扰项：A 与原文相反（mixed reaction 中明确包含 interest，并非一律否定）；B 过度推断（文中未给出任何时间预期）；C 程度错位（文中说团队已公布分析供外界检验，并未说统计被算错）。

8. 答案：A

正确依据：全文骨架为“事件与措辞（第 1 段）— 暗物质为何被相信存在（第 2 段）— 探测器如何工作（第 3 段）— 为什么只能叫 hint（第 4 段）— 外界反应与后续（第 5 段）”。第 1 段 “a hint, not a discovery” 定下全篇基调，第 4 段以统计门槛收束，A 同时覆盖“讲清一个引人注目的结果”与“强调它离证实还有多远”。

干扰项：B 与原文相反（全文反复强调尚未证实）；C 以偏概全（矿坑与探测器只是第 3 段的背景交代，无法概括全篇）；D 张冠李戴（文中未把不同探测器作横向比较，只称该探测器是同类中最灵敏者之一）。

语篇分析

体裁：议论文（科研解读，外刊风格）。
结构骨架：事件与谨慎措辞 — 背景假说与历史证据 — 实验装置与一次异常 — 统计门槛与两点疑云 — 外界反应与边界。第 1 段的 “a hint, not a discovery” 是全篇的“音量旋钮”；第 2 段把“看不见的质量”交代清楚，第 3 段把实验用“地下 1.5 公里／液氙／220 天／改换能区”四个细节落地，第 4 段用 however 转向统计，第 5 段用引语与 “welcomes the arguments” 收束。
难度提示：限定与让步结构密集（however / well short of / if ... would ... / mixture of interest and doubt），是 D 篇判断态度的路标。拉分点：Q7（混合态度的程度拿捏）与 Q8（目的须覆盖后四段）。孤立的数字（2.6、0.5%、5）必须分辨各自在证明什么。

核心词汇（构词法标红＝派生词）

词组 / 固定搭配

hunt for 搜寻，追捕give off 发出（光、热、气味）account for 解释；占（比例）be short of 达不到，低于take ... with it 把……一并带走point out 指出react with 以……（态度）回应put ... into 把……投入

阅读解题知识点

① “措辞梯度”决定结论强度：hint / evidence / discovery 不能混用。本篇题目与选项的差别全在“说多重”。第 1 段明确 “this was a hint, not a discovery”，第 4 段又给出“must not speak of a discovery until 5 sigma”。因此凡是选项说“已发现”“已证实”“即将定论”，都在把音量调大；凡说“毫无意义”“已被否定”，则是在调小。Q6、Q7、Q8 全部由这一条决定。
② 科学报道里的每个数字都要先问“它在证明什么”。1.5 公里（挡宇宙射线）、494 个（感光阵列规模）、220 天（数据量）、2.6 与 5（统计门槛）分别服务于“可靠性—规模—证据强度”。Q5 与 Q6 考的正是把数字还原成它服务的那一句话，而不是记住数字本身。

练习建议：读完第 4 段后，用一句话写出“作者到底敢下多强的结论”，再回看 Q8 的四个选项——把“作者敢说的”和“选项夸大的”并列，是 D 篇最稳的收尾动作。

完形博物馆讲解员的那个夏天（完形）

体裁：记叙文（第一人称成长叙事·表达与倾听）　词数：约 272　题量：15 空　难度：★★★☆（语境推理＋固定搭配＋近义辨识）

原文（先通读一遍把握情节，再逐空选择）

On my first morning at the city museum the halls were almost empty, and I was ___1___ of one thing only: my script. I had spent a week learning it, and I could recite every date and every painter’s name in the right order.

My first group was a class of nine-year-olds. For ten minutes everything went ___2___. Then a boy raised his hand and asked why a painting of a storm had no people in it. I had no ___3___, and my notes had nothing for him either.

Afterwards Mrs Lin, the head guide, did not ___4___ me. She asked a question of her own: who was I talking to — the paintings, or the children? The ___5___ of her words stung. I had been performing, not explaining.

So I changed my ___6___. On the next tour I put the script aside and simply ___7___ what I could actually see: the small boat in the corner, the light on the water. When a child asked something I could not answer, I ___8___ that I did not know, and we looked it up together.

___9___ was different after that. Children stayed longer, asked more, and ___10___ their parents back to the rooms they had liked. I began to ___11___ the questions I used to fear.

On my last day of the summer the same boy came with his class and asked me another question I could not answer. This time I smiled. Some things you learn only by ___12___ that you do not know them; and the best guides are not the ones who ___13___ most, but the ones who ___14___ best. That, I think, is what the paintings had been trying to ___15___ me all along.

题目（1–15，每题四个选项）

1. ___1___A. afraid　B. fond　C. tired　D. sure
2. ___2___A. smoothly　B. wrongly　C. slowly　D. separately
3. ___3___A. choice　B. answer　C. reason　D. time
4. ___4___A. praise　B. leave　C. blame　D. follow
5. ___5___A. truth　B. sound　C. length　D. order
6. ___6___A. route　B. mind　C. voice　D. approach
7. ___7___A. copied　B. described　C. imagined　D. hid
8. ___8___A. enjoyed　B. repeated　C. admitted　D. forgot
9. ___9___A. Nothing　B. Someone　C. Anyone　D. Everything
10. ___10___A. brought　B. sent　C. kept　D. drove
11. ___11___A. avoid　B. collect　C. welcome　D. correct
12. ___12___A. proving　B. accepting　C. repeating　D. hiding
13. ___13___A. talk　B. read　C. travel　D. earn
14. ___14___A. paint　B. remember　C. listen　D. decide
15. ___15___A. offer　B. teach　C. lend　D. prove

逐题解析

1. 答案：D

正确依据：固定搭配＋语境。“be sure of”意为“对……有把握”；冒号后 “my script” 与下句“用一周背下全部日期与画家名字”都说明“我”当时唯一有把握的就是讲解稿。

干扰项：A be afraid of（害怕）与“背得滚瓜烂熟、准备上场”的自信不符；B be fond of（喜爱）说的是偏好，不能接“one thing only”这种“仅此一点确信”的语义；C be tired of（厌倦）与下文“认真准备了整整一周”矛盾。

2. 答案：A

正确依据：语境推理＋转折预判。下一句用 Then 引出突发提问，说明前十分钟是顺利的；“everything went smoothly”也是常见搭配。

干扰项：B wrongly 指“做错”，与“照稿讲了十分钟”不符；C slowly 描述速度，无法与 Then 构成“顺利—被打断”的对照；D separately 与“一场讲解”这一整体语境无关。

3. 答案：B

正确依据：语境推理。孩子提问、“我”被问住，接着 “my notes had nothing for him either” 进一步强调“无从答复”，故为 have no answer。

干扰项：A have no choice（没有选择）与“被提问”这一动作不衔接；C no reason（没有理由）语义指向不明；D no time（没有时间）与后句“笔记里也没有”这一“无据可答”的说明不对应。

4. 答案：C

正确依据：语境推理。她的做法是转而问“你在对谁讲话”，属于点醒而非训斥；“did not ___ me”与下文“The truth of her words stung（话很扎人）”配合，说明她并没有责备，却让“我”自己意识到问题。

干扰项：A praise（表扬）与后文“话扎人、我此前是在表演”的语气相反；B leave（离开）与随后她提出问题的动作矛盾；D follow（跟随）与“她开口点评我”这一情节无关。

5. 答案：A

正确依据：语境推理。上一句她的追问点破了“我在表演、不在讲解”这一事实，故此处应是“话中的实情”刺到了“我”，the truth of her words 与前句形成因果。

干扰项：B sound（声音）只描述物理听觉，无法解释“stung（刺痛）”；C length（长度）与 D order（顺序）都不能与“话语”构成“刺人”的语义。

6. 答案：D

正确依据：语境推理＋搭配辨义。下文给出的新做法（放下讲稿、描述眼前所见的细节）是整套方法的调整，故为 change my approach（改变方法）。

干扰项：B change my mind 是强干扰——搭配虽成立，但意为“改变主意、不再打算做某事”，而“我”仍在做讲解，改的是方式；A route（路线）与 C voice（嗓音）都属于局部细节，概括不了“表演改成讲解”这一整体转变。

7. 答案：B

正确依据：语境推理。冒号后 “the small boat in the corner, the light on the water” 正是眼前可看到的画面，与“把讲稿放到一边”相对，说明“我”改为把看到的东西讲出来。

干扰项：A copied（照抄）与“放下讲稿、不再照本宣科”的新做法矛盾；C imagined（想象）与“实际能看到的”这一限定冲突；D hid（隐藏）与“讲给孩子听”的意图相反。

8. 答案：C

正确依据：语境推理＋搭配。承认自己不知道，才能与孩子一起 “look it up together”；admit that I did not know 与前文“被问住后另寻答案”的新做法一致。

干扰项：A enjoyed（享受）把“答不上来”说成乐事，与语境不合；B repeated（重复）与“不知道”不搭配；D forgot（忘记）指向记忆失误，而这里说的是坦诚。

9. 答案：D

正确依据：语境推理。后文三句都是向好的变化（孩子留得更久、问得更多、把家长带回来），说明“一切都不同了”，故选 Everything。

干扰项：A Nothing 会与后文一连串正向变化直接矛盾；B Someone、C Anyone 指人，无法充当 was different 的主语并与整段“氛围变化”对应。

10. 答案：A

正确依据：搭配＋语境。bring sb back to some place（把某人带回某处）与 “their parents back to the rooms they had liked” 结构完全吻合，且主语是孩子、宾语是家长，方向为“带来”。

干扰项：B sent（派送）强调打发别人去，与“孩子拉着家长一起回来”不符；C kept（留住）与 back 连用语义矛盾（留住就不会回头）；D drove（开车送）引入文中未提的交通方式。

11. 答案：C

正确依据：语境推理＋反义线索。“the questions I used to fear” 是过去的恐惧，如今态度反转，因此是“开始乐见这些提问”。

干扰项：A avoid（躲避）与 used to fear 同向，等于没有变化，与 “I began to” 表示的转变矛盾；B collect（收集）与 D correct（改正）都无法说明“对待提问”的态度变化。

12. 答案：B

正确依据：语境推理＋全文主旨呼应。末段重申“接受自己不知道”这一课，accepting that you do not know them 与前文 admitted that I did not know 形成同义呼应。

干扰项：A proving（证明）方向相反（是要承认无知，不是证明有知）；C repeating（重复）与“懂得”这一心智动作无关；D hiding（隐瞒）与全文“坦诚面对提问”的主线相反。

13. 答案：A

正确依据：语境推理＋末句对比结构。“not the ones who ___ most, but the ones who ___ best” 前后对举：讲解员的价值不在“说得多”，而在另一侧。与第 14 空（listen）搭配，talk 与之构成最自然的“说／听”对照。

干扰项：B read（读书）、C travel（旅行）、D earn（挣钱）都无法与后半句 “listen best” 构成一组关于“讲解员职能”的对照。

14. 答案：C

正确依据：语境推理＋与后文共鸣。全文转折点是“我”从背诵转向接住孩子的提问，而良师的标准落到“听”上，与前文 “who was I talking to — the paintings, or the children?” 这一追问呼应。

干扰项：A paint（画画）、B remember（记忆）描述的是技能，无法与 talk 构成“说—听”的服务关系对照；D decide（决定）与“做好讲解员”这一评价标准不对位。

15. 答案：B

正确依据：语境推理。全句把“那些画”拟人化，说自己得到的这一课是它们“一路想教给我的”，teach sb sth 与全文“学到的道理”直接对应。

干扰项：A offer（提供）侧重给予物品或机会，与“画画给我上了一课”的语义层次不符；C lend（借出）与道理无关；D prove（证明）强调论证，而此处是领悟与受教。

语篇分析

体裁：记叙文（第一人称成长叙事）。
结构骨架：满怀准备 — 被一次提问打回原形 — 一句点醒 — 方法改变 — 连锁变化 — 领悟收束。情节由三处时间标记串起（On my first morning → On the next tour → On my last day of the summer），第 3 段是全篇转折点：旁人的一句追问，把“背稿”换成了“看画、答问、承认不知道”。
难度提示：15 空中语境推理 8、固定搭配 4、近义辨识 3；拉分空是第 6、11、13／14 空——第 6 空要抵住 change my mind 这一“搭配成立但语义错位”的强干扰，第 11 空要借 used to fear 反推态度反转，第 13、14 空必须依靠末句的对比结构与全文主线才定得住。

核心词汇（构词法标红＝派生词）

词组 / 固定搭配

be sure of 对……有把握in the right order 按正确顺序go smoothly 进展顺利raise one’s hand 举手look up 查阅，查证put ... aside 把……放到一边used to do 过去常常（做）all along 一直，始终

完形解题知识点

① 记叙文完形先画“情节节点”，再判词义方向：本篇节点为——准备充分（1–2）／被提问卡住（3）／被点醒（4–5）／改方法（6–8）／连锁好转（9–11）／领悟（12–15）。每个空先问“此刻在哪个节点、情绪向上还是向下”，方向定了再比词义，可避开“词都认识却选错”的失误。
② “搭配成立 ≠ 语义正确”是本篇最大的坑：第 6 空 change my mind 搭配完全正确，但与“我仍在当讲解员、只是换了方式”不符；第 3 空 have no choice 同理。凡遇到四个选项都能“接得上”的空，必须回到当事人此刻的处境去判断语义，而不是靠固定搭配的语感。
③ 末段的对比结构常常倒推前面所有空：“not the ones who talk most, but the ones who listen best” 一旦读通，第 13、14 空与第 11 空（welcome the questions）便互为印证——全文的主题是“把说改成听与答”。

练习建议：把 15 个空按“语境／搭配／辨析”抄成三列。本篇语境推理 8 个，若错在这里，问题在情节跟读而非词汇量；若错在第 6 空，则是典型的“语感优先”失误。