【假期打卡】阅读理解专题练习

The Week Contest

This Week’s Challenge

  America’s space agency is asking everyday inventors and hobbyists to lend a hand in creating a toilet that works beyond Earth’s atmosphere. What fun and appropriate name should this special zero-gravity restroom receive?

Guidelines for Submission

  Send your suggested name to competition@week.com. Remember to provide your full name, your residence, and a phone number we can use to contact you during regular hours. The subject line should read “Space toilet.” We must receive your idea before noon on November 21. Those who win will be listed at www.weeks.com/names on November 24 and will also appear in the November 30 print edition. If multiple people send the identical name, the earliest submission will receive recognition. All ideas submitted become the property of The Week. The top winner will enjoy a complimentary one-year subscription to The Week.

Previous Challenge Results

  Flatroad has announced plans to stop manufacturing of its electric scooter(滑板车)—a two-wheeled device that balances itself—starting October 15. Using seven words or fewer, craft a headline bidding farewell to this sometimes unreliable machine.

Those Recognized This Week

21. What is this week’s challenge about?A. Creating a magazine title.

B. Naming a space facility.

C. Designing a space-friendly toilet.

D. Joining a science club.

22. When will this week’s winners be published online first?

A. October 15.

B. November 21.

C. November 24.

D. November 30.

23. Who won the second place in last week’s naming competition?

A. Jim Kurt. B. Sam Rose. C. Peter Sag. D. Jane Meek.

At 60, Martine Aeschlimann hardened her resolution to study law at the University of Geneva, where her 21-year-old son Jason studied. When she asked Jason about his thoughts, he said, “No problem. But if you see me on campus when I’m with my friends, don’t say hello!”

After Aeschlimann started her law studies, Jason told her how impressed his friends were with what she was doing. “So, you told them?” she asked, amazed and amused at his change of heart. “Of course,” he replied. He turned out to be a huge support, calming his mother’s nerves before law exams and helping revise a legal research paper for the master’s degree in law she went on to complete.

Aeschlimann first set her mind on going to university to study law when she was 58 and in need of a confidence boost. “I needed to prove that I was capable. I hadn’t worked for 18 years,” she explains. She also wanted to keep her brain active as she got older and believed that being admitted into a university to study a practical subject like law was a good way to achieve that.

Her interest in law was first inspired in 1994 when she set up a charitable foundation with her mother to help children from low-income families access legal aid for education-related conflicts. Then, while studying for her master’s degree in law, she focused on civil litigation (民事诉讼), a field that helps individuals resolve conflicts over family, property, and personal rights. It led Aeschlimann in a direction she had never expected—she became a qualified civil litigation lawyer after passing the bar exam (律师资格考试). When she finished her master’s in 2021 at 64, she opened her own law firm, specializing in providing affordable legal services to disadvantaged groups.

“I’ve always felt the need to help others,” says Aeschlimann, now 68. “Now when I see clients win their cases, get the legal protection they need, or finally resolve long-standing conflicts, it fills me with joy.”

24. How did Jason feel about his mother’s decision at first?

A. Amused.

B. Disappointed.

C. Impressed.

D. Embarrassed.

25. What inspired Aeschlimann to go to university?

A. The support from her son.

B. The worsening health of her brain.

C. Her desperation to prove her ability.

D. Her thirst for managing a law company.

26. What does paragraph 4 mainly focus on about Aeschlimann?

A. How she helped kids access education.

B. Her wish for getting the master’s degree.

C. Her success in winning a civil litigation.

D. How she turned her interest into a career.

27. What does Aeschlimann’s story show?

A. Still waters run deep.

B. All roads lead to Rome.

C. It is never too old to learn.

D. An old man in the house is a treasure.

Do you usually spot the touchscreen first when checking out a new car? For years, almost every new car sold has a high-tech screen that controls everything. Even safety features like automatic lane-keeping are sometimes screen-controlled. But is it really safe?

If scrolling down the screen of a smartphone while driving is distracting and then doing likewise with your car’s is probably risky too. Drivers know the location of physical controls and press buttons without taking their eyes off the road. A touchscreen offers no physical feedback, making the operation much harder. And because screens have to do so many things, it often takes a few steps through several sub-menus to find the right setting.

In 2022, Vi Bilägare, a Swedish motoring magazine, measured how long it took drivers to do things like changing the temperature while driving at 110 kilometers per hour. It compared 11 cars with touchscreens to a single older model with real buttons. In the old cars, drivers were able to do all their tasks within about 10 seconds, while the worst-performing modern car took 45 seconds. Even in the best-performing modern cars, testers still took several seconds longer than in the old car.

Another study, done in 2024 by researchers in Norway, used tracking cameras to compare how long drivers were distracted while performing different tasks on a touchscreen. Even the quickest job like changing the temperature meant three and a half seconds, on average, of not looking at the road.

New rules from Euro NCAP, an organization that provides safety ratings for cars sold in Europe, will give no car a full five-star score unless certain crucial functions are controlled by real switches. Euro NCAP’s safety guidelines have no legal force, but carmakers use its ratings as a selling point.

Traditional carmakers have begun restoring some buttons to their new models. But innovation never stops. Even as touchscreens are falling out of favor, many manufacturers are turning their attention to voice control—though that is a subject for another story.

28. What is an advantage of physical buttons over touchscreens?A. They are cheaper to produce and replace.B. They are easier to see in bright sunlight.C. They can be operated without looking at them.D. They take control of a wider range of functions.

29. Which took the longest time in the 2022 study?A. The model running at 110 km/h.B. The old model with real buttons.C. The best-performing modern car.D. The worst-performing modern car.

30. How does the author prove his argument in the passage?A. By showing different research results.B. By telling his own driving experience.C. By comparing the actions of car drivers.D. By mentioning the rules of an organization.

31. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. Safety features will be smarter.B. Touchscreens will be abandoned.C. Voice control will dominate the market.D. In-car control will innovate continually.

The Digital Age is a period characterized by the rapid advancement of digital technologies, which have drastically reshaped various aspects of human life, particularly communication. It has speeded up the accessibility of communication, resulting in a new language landscape.

Digital communication has given rise to an explosion of new vocabulary, as digital communication platforms continuously evolve. Many new terms have emerged to describe digital experiences, interactions, and phenomena, such as “selfie,” “hashing,” and “meme.” These words have become integral to everyday language and reflect the changing ways in which individuals communicate and share their identities online.

Digital communication has significantly changed the way individuals express themselves. One key change is the shift toward informality and briefness in communication. Abbreviations (缩写) such as “LOL,” “OMG” (Oh My God), and “IDK” (I Don’t Know) have become common in everyday conversation, especially in digital spaces where quick exchanges are essential.

One of the most groundbreaking innovations in digital communication is the development of AI powered machine translation tools, such as Google Translate and DeepL. These tools have dramatically increased the accessibility of content across different languages, enabling users to communicate with others who speak different languages in real time. However, the widespread use of machine translation also presents several challenges. While AI translation tools have made significant advancements, issues related to accuracy and cultural difference remain. For instance, machine translation may struggle with slang (俚语) or context-dependent meanings that are integral to certain languages. This can lead to mistranslations or misunderstandings.

In addition to the technical challenges, there is also the issue of language diversity. Machine translation tools primarily focus on widely spoken languages, leaving less commonly spoken languages underrepresented. As technology continues to shape communication, it is essential to promote digital inclusivity, ensuring that all languages, cultures, and communities are represented and supported in the digital landscape. This will require a shared effort to bridge the digital divide, protect language heritage, and make the digital world accessible to everyone, regardless of the language they speak.

32. What is the primary function of new digital vocabulary like “selfie”?

 A. To simplify online communication.

 B. To replace traditional words and phrases.

 C. To label new digital actions and concepts.

 D. To standardize daily languages across platforms.

33. Why do AI translators still fall short according to the author?

 A. They struggle with born-digital materials.

 B. They miss implied cultural meaning.

 C. They have a delay in real-time conversation.

 D. They ignore users’ emotions completely.

34. What’s the purpose of the last paragraph?

 A. To criticize machine translation tools.

 B. To call for diversifying digital languages.

 C. To argue for preserving digital new words.

 D. To promote digital words in less developed area.

35. What is the text mainly about?

 A. The evolution of digital languages.

 B. The informality of digital communication.

 C. The explosion of new digital vocabulary.

 D. The influence of digital communication.

【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文，节选自《The Week》杂志的读者竞赛专栏。文章分为三个部分：本周挑战（为太空厕所征集名称）、投稿指南（时间、方式、奖励等）、上周挑战结果（为停产的电动滑板车拟定标题并公布获奖名单），整体结构清晰，信息点密集，考查考生快速定位关键信息的能力。

21. B细节理解题。根据文章第一部分“This Week’s Challenge“中的描述，”America’s space agency is asking everyday inventors and hobbyists to lend a hand in creating a toilet that works beyond Earth’s atmosphere. What fun and appropriate name should this special zero-gravity restroom receive?“可知，本周挑战是为这款太空厕所征集一个有趣且恰当的名字，即“命名一个太空设施”，故选 B。A 项“创作杂志标题”与原文不符；C 项“设计一个适合太空的厕所”是 NASA 的实际需求，但本周挑战是征集名称而非设计；D 项“加入科学俱乐部”未提及。

22. C细节理解题。根据投稿指南部分“Those who win will be listed at www.weeks.com/names on November 24 and will also appear in the November 30 print edition.“可知，获奖者名单于 11 月 24 日在网站上首次公布，随后于11月30日在印刷版刊登，题目问的是online first（首次在线公布），故选 C。A项10月15日是上周挑战中滑板车停产的时间；B 项11月21日是投稿截止日期；D项11月30日是印刷版出版日期。

23. C细节理解题。根据文章最后一部分“Previous Challenge Results”中的名次排列：Honorable Mention（荣誉提名）、Third Place（第三名）、Runner-up（亚军/第二名）、The Top Winner（冠军）。其中 Runner-up 对应第二名，其获奖者为 Peter Sag（Ohio），故选 C。A 项 Jim Kurt 获得 Honorable Mention；B 项 Sam Rose 获得 Third Place；D 项 Jane Meek 获得 The Top Winner（第一名）。

本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了 60 岁的 Martine Aeschlimann 为证明自身的能力、保持大脑的活跃，进入日内瓦大学攻读法律的故事。她早年因参与慈善工作与法律结缘，最终通过努力成为合格的民事诉讼律师并开设律所，生动诠释了终身学习的精神。

24. D 推理判断题。根据第一段中 Jason 的回应“No problem. But if you see me on campus when I’m with my friends, don’t say hello!“可知，他表面虽称“没问题”，但要求母亲在校园里遇到自己和朋友在一起时不要打招呼，由此推知 Jason 起初对母亲 60 岁仍入学的决定觉得尴尬。故选 D。

25. C 细节理解题。根据第三段“Aeschlimann first set her mind on going to university to study law when she was 58 and in need of a confidence boost. ‘I needed to prove that I was capable...’”可知，Aeschlimann 在 58 岁时下定决心上大学学习法律的驱动力是对提升自信心、证明自己的能力的渴望。故选 C。

26. D 段落大意题。第四段开头介绍 Aeschlimann 于 1994 年因与母亲创办慈善基金会来帮助贫困儿童获取教育相关法律援助而对法律产生兴趣；之后她攻读法律硕士，聚焦民事诉讼领域；最终她成功通过律师资格考试成为合格的民事诉讼律师并开设律所。由此可知，整段围绕 “她如何从对法律产生兴趣，逐步将其发展为职业” 展开。故选 D。

27. C 推理判断题。Aeschlimann60 岁进入大学学习法律，64 岁获得硕士学位并开设律所，即便年过半百仍坚持学习、实现职业转型，其故事核心是 “活到老，学到老”。故选 C。

【语篇导读】本文围绕汽车触屏控制展开论述，指出触屏控制虽普及，但存在分散注意力、操作繁琐等安全隐患，而实体按键更具安全性优势，同时提到汽车内部控制方式仍在不断创新。

28. C细节理解题。本题问实体按键相比触屏的优势是什么。根据第二段中的“Drivers know the location of physical controls and press buttons without taking their eyes off the road.”可知，驾驶员熟悉实体按键的位置，无需将视线离开路面即可操作。故选 C 项。

29. D 细节理解题。本题问 2022 年的研究中哪个耗时最长。根据第三段中的“In the old cars, drivers were able to do all their tasks within about 10 seconds, while the worst-performing modern car took 45 seconds. Even in the best-performing modern cars, testers still took several seconds longer than in the old car.”可知，在老龄车型中，驾驶员能够在约 10 秒内完成所有操作任务，而表现最差的现代车型则需要 45 秒。即便在表现最佳的现代车型中，测试者仍比在老式车型中多耗费数秒。因此，操作耗时按照从短到长的顺序排列为：老式实体按键汽车 < 表现最好的现代触屏汽车 < 表现最差的现代触屏汽车。故选 D 项。

30. A 理解文章结构、类型。本题问作者如何在文中证明自己的论点。文章第三段引用了 2022 年瑞典汽车杂志的研究数据，第四段引用了 2024 年挪威研究人员的研究结果，通过展示不同的研究结果来证明触屏控制存在安全隐患。故选 A 项。

31. D 推理判断题。本题问从最后一段我们能了解到什么。根据最后一段中的“But innovation never stops.”以及 many manufacturers are turning their attention to voice control 可知，汽车内部控制方式的创新并未因恢复实体按键或触屏不受欢迎而停滞，反而转向了语音控制这一新方向。也就是说，车内控制方式将持续创新。故选 D 项。

文章是一篇说明文。 本文探讨了数字时代如何催生新词汇、改变表达方式，并分析了AI机器翻译在打破语言障碍的同时所面临的挑战。

32. C 推理判断题。 根据第二段中的“Many new terms have emerged to describe digital experiences, interactions, and phenomena”可知，像“自拍”这样的新词汇主要是为了描述新的数字体验、互动和现象，即给新出现的行为和概念命名。

33. B 细节理解题。 根据第四段中的“issues related to accuracy and cultural difference remain”以及“may struggle with slang（俚语）or context-dependent meanings”可知，AI翻译器在处理蕴含文化内涵的习语、俚语时仍会出错，即无法准确传达隐含的文化意义。

34. B 推理判断题。 根据最后一段可知，随着技术继续塑造沟通，促进数字包容性至关重要，确保所有语言、文化和社区在数字环境中得到代表和支持。这需要我们共同努力，弥合数字鸿沟，保护语言遗产，让所有人都能使用数字世界。由此可知，作者在最后一段主要呼吁促进数字语言的多样性。

35. D 主旨大意题。 本文探讨了数字时代如何催生新词汇、改变表达方式，并分析了 AI 机器翻译在打破语言障碍的同时所面临的挑战及呼吁积极做法。选项 D 全面概括了数字通信在词汇、表达方式及翻译技术等方面的综合影响。

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