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2023 年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(人教版 2019)
必修第一册 Unit 5 综合能力检测
第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分)（略）
第二部分 阅读 (共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
There are many idioms in English. An idiom is a phrase that we can’t understand from the meaning of each
word. The following are some of them.
As the crow flies
When a bird flies from place to place, it takes the most direct route. But when people drive, they have to
follow roads and often go farther. When people give a distance “as the crow flies”, they mean the shortest distance
between the two points, not the distance you would have to travel by following roads.
As Dan and his mum drove along the river, they could see the beach on the opposite side, Dan asked “How far
is it to the beach? ”
“It’s only about a quarter of a mile as the crow flies” his mother said.
Blow hot and cold
In one of Aesop’s Fables, a man blow on his fingers to warm them up and then blow on his soup to cool it
down. In both cases, the man is opening his mouth, but what comes out is different. If a person says one thing and
later says the opposite, we say that the person is blowing hot and cold.
“Is Felicia going to try out for the soccer team this year? ” Stacy asked.
“I don’t know, ” Tricia replied. “Last week she was saying yes, but this week she’s saying no. She’s really
blowing hot and cold. ”
Break the ice
Nowadays people use the phrase to refer to ending an awkward silence by beginning a conversation.
It was the first day of summer camp. The four girls began to make their beds in silence. None of the girls knew
each other, and no one knew what to say. Finally, one of them broke the ice by saying “Hey, where’s everybody
from? ”
Bury the hatchetIn native American culture, when two nations agreed to end their war, they buried the hatchet. So to bury the
hatchet is to make peace with someone else.
Colin could not excuse his sister for breaking his tennis racket. Finally, his sister said, “Colin, can’t we bury
the hatchet? ”
21. What does “as the crow flies” mean?
A In the smoothest way. B. By plane.
C. In a straight line. D. At top speed.
22. “Blow hot and cold” can be used to talk about someone’s ______.
A. poor health B. bad manner
C. communication skills D. changing attitudes
23. When the four girls were making their beds in silence, they probably felt ______.
A. shy B. disappointed
C. excited D. curious
24. It can be inferred that Colin’s sister hoped that Colin would ______.
A. buy a new tennis racket
B. forgive her mistake
C. stay away from her
D. make an apology to her
B
When I was young, my mother didn’t have the money to send me to school, but she thought it was important
for me to keep up with education. So she decided to teach me extra lessons herself. But because she had to go to
work, the only time she could do it was at 4: 30 in the morning.
We need every one of you to develop your talents and your skills so that you can help us old folks solve our
most difficult problems. If you quit on school—you’re not just quitting on yourself, but you’re quitting on your
country. No one’s written your destiny(命运)for you, because you write your own destiny. You make your own
future. That’s why today, I’m calling on each of you to set your own goals for your education and do everything
you can to meet them. Your goals can be something as simple as doing all your homework, paying attention in
class, or spending some time reading a book.
But whatever you decide to do, I want you to commit(对……做出承诺) to it. I want you to really work at it. I
know that sometimes you get that sense from TV that you can be rich and successful without any hard work that
your ticket to success is through rapping or basketball or being a reality TV star. No one’s born being good at allthings. You become good at things through hard work. You’re not a good athlete at the first time you do a new
sport. You don’t hit every note at the first time you sing a song. You have to practice.
25. What can we learn from the first paragraph?
A. The writer’s home was very rich.
B. The writer’s mother was a teacher.
C. The writer was born in a poor family.
D. The writer didn’t like reading books.
26. Why does the writer call on everyone to set his/her own goal?
A. Because everyone’s future is determined by themselves.
B. Because everyone’s future is to do simple work.
C. Because everyone should do their homework.
D. Because everyone should pay attention in class.
27. How can people realise their great dreams?
A. By rapping. B. By playing basketball.
C. By being a reality star. D. By working hard.
C
What makes a family? How do family members get along with each other? Japanese director Hirokazu
Koreeda tries to answer these questions in his films.
His latest film, Shoplifters, is about his favourite topic-family relations. With this film, Koreeda won this
year’s Palme d’Or (金棕榈奖), the Cannes Film Festival’s top honor.
Shoplifters tells the story of a poor family living in Tokyo. Three generations living under the same roof
survive by stealing from local shops.
Obviously, what they are doing is wrong. But the director focuses more on the heartwarming details of the
family’s daily life, according to The Playist. Koreeda shows how the family members love and support each other.
For example, the family plans a beach trip for the youngest sister. They carefully pick out swimwear for the girl. At
the beach, they play happily. The girl draws a picture to help her remember their time together. This causes viewers
to forget about their moral judgments.
This is another feature of Koreeda’s filming style. He is good at presenting ordinary life. It’s slow and full of
small details-sometimes it’s even boring. But there is tension(冲突) present as well. In Shoplifters, the surprise is
that the family members don’t actually have blood ties to each other, but they are still closer than a real family.
They all have their own stories.In Japan and most other Asian countries, blood ties are what defines (定义) family. But Koreeda questions that
by looking at different kinds of relations.
28. How does the family in the Shoplifters make a living?
A. By drawing pictures.
B. By working in local shops.
C. By begging from neighbors.
D. By stealing from the local stores.
29. Whom does the family plan a beach trip for?
A. the directorB. the viewers
C. the shoplifter D. the youngest sister
30. What does Koreeda want to show us in the movie?
A. The meaning of a family.
B. How to get long with a Japanese families.
C. The ordinary life in a Japanese family.
D. The different relationship in a poor family.
31. This passage is mainly about ______.
A. family relations
B. a film directed by Koreeda
C. a famous Japanese director
D. features of Koreeda’s films
D
People often ask which is the most difficult language to learn, and it is not easy to answer because there are
too many factors to take into consideration. Firstly, in a first language the difficulties are unimportant as people
learn their mother tongue naturally, so the question of how hard a language is to learn only makes more sense when
learning a second language.
A native speaker of Spanish, for example, will find Portuguese much easier to learn than a native speaker of
Chinese because Portuguese is very similar to Spanish, while Chinese is very different, so first language can affect
learning a second language. The greater the differences between the second language and our first language, the
harder it will be for most people to learn. Many people answer that Chinese is the hardest language to learn,
possibly influenced by the thought of learning the Chinese writing system, and the pronunciation of Chinese does
appear to be very difficult for many foreign learners. However, for Japanese speakers, who already use Chinesecharacters in their own language, learning writing will be less difficult than for speakers of languages using the
Roman alphabet.
Some people seem to learn languages easily, while others find it very difficult. Teachers and the
circumstances in which the language is learned also play an important role, as well as each learner’s motivation for
learning. If people learn a language because they need to use it professionally, they often learn it faster than people
studying a language that has no direct use in their day to day life.
Obviously, British diplomats and other embassy staff have found that the second hardest language is Japanese,
which will probably come as no surprise to many, but the language that they have found to be the most problematic
is Hungarian, which uses a similar alphabet to English but has 35 cases (forms of a nouns according to whether it is
subject, object, genitive, etc). This does not mean that Hungarian is the hardest language to learn for everyone, but
it causes British diplomatic personnel, who are generally used to learning languages, the most difficulty. However,
Tabassaran, a Caucasian language has 48 cases, so it might cause more difficulty if British diplomats had to learn it.
Different cultures and individuals from those cultures will find different languages more difficult. Therefore, it
is impossible to say that there is one language that is the most difficult language in the world.
32. What can we infer from the first paragraph?
A. The question of how hard a language is to learn is only applicable to first language acquisition.
B. The question of how hard a language is to learn is only applicable to second language acquisition.
C. The question of how hard a language is to learn is applicable to both first and second language acquisition.
D. There are too many languages in the world so it’s difficult to say which one is the most difficult to learn.
33. Which language will a native Portuguese speaker probably find easier to learn?
A. Chinese, because Portuguese use Chinese characters in their own language .
B. Japanese, because it is similar to their own language.
C. Spanish, because it also uses Roman alphabet.
D. Anyone but Chinese, because its pronunciation is very difficult.
34. What does the underlined word “circumstances” mean in Paragraph 3?
A. A particular situation or environment.
B. The degree of education that somebody has obtained.
C. Teachers’ encouragement.
D. Professional training.
35. The author is most likely to agree ____
A. many British diplomats learn Tabassaran.B. Hungarian’s grammatical complexity causes problems for native British speakers.
C. Tabassaran is the hardest language to learn in the world for native European speakers.
D. learning a different writing system is very easy for British speakers.
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
After entering high school, you must wonder how to study well. Here are some good skills for you.
Go to class
If you want to do well at school, going to class is the first step in studying well. If you miss classes, you will
miss what the teacher thinks is important; as a result, you’ll miss what is the most likely to end up on the test.
36
Take good notes
Try not to write everything down. 37 Write down unfamiliar terms. After class, review your notes as
soon as possible. You can fill in details that you missed and review the material while it is still fresh on your mind.
3 8
If you are struggling in class, talk to your teacher. He or she may be able to give you more help or tutor you
before or after class. Most teachers have little sympathy (同情) for students who just become worried about failing
during the last few weeks of the grading period.
Take part in class discussions
In order to learn more in class, it is helpful to take part in class discussions. Asking questions and having eye
contact with your teachers and classmates can increase your participation (参与) and your focus during the class
discussion. 3 9 This helps you make your point clear in class.
Form study groups
40 Make sure that everyone is familiar with the material because you do not want to spend time re-
teaching material to people who do not understand it. Be careful! Sometimes group sessions can become chatting
sessions.
A. Don’t be late for your class.
B. Talk to your teacher if you need help.
C. You should write down all the new terms.
D. So if you want to study well, go to every class.
E. Get students together who want to do well in class.
F. All you need is to put the main points in your own words.G. If the material is difficult, you’d better read it before class.
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
If you want to learn a new language, the very first thing to think about is why. Do you need it for a 41
reason, such as your job or your studies? Or perhaps you’re interested in the literature, films or music of a(n)
42 country and you know how much it will help to have a 4 3 of the language.
Most people learn best using a variety of methods, but traditional classes are 44 ideal(理想的)start for
many people. They provide an environment where you can practice 45 the guidance of someone who’s good
at the language. We all lead busy lives and learning a language takes 46 . You will have more success if you
study regularly, so try to develop a 47 . It doesn’t matter if you haven’t got long. Becoming fluent in a
language will take years, but learning to get by takes 4 8 .
Many people start learning a language and soon give up. “I’m too 49 , ”they say. Yes, children do learn
languages more 50 than adults, but research has shown that you can learn a language at any 51 . And
learning is good for the health of your brain, too. I’ve also heard people worry about the mistakes they make when
52 . Well, relax and laugh about your mistakes 5 3 you’re much less likely to make them again.
Learning a new language is never 54 . But with some work and devotion, you’ll make progress. And you
will be 5 5 by the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in their own language. Good
luck!
41. A. technical B. political C. practical D. physical
42. A. special B. important C. difficult D. different
43. A. view B. knowledge
C. form D. database
44. A. the B. a C. an D. one
45. A. with B. in C. under D. for
46. A. courage B. time C. energy D. place
47. A. theory B. business
C. routine D. project
48. A. longer B. a lot less
C. greater D. much more49. A. old B. nervous C. weak D. tired
50. A. closely B. quickly C. privately D. quietly
51. A. age B. speed C. distance D. school
52. A. singing B. working C. bargaining D. learning
53. A. if B. and C. but D. before
54. A. tiresome B. hard C. interesting D. easy
55. A. blamed B. amazed C. interrupted D. informed
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many pieces of beautiful pottery (陶器) were discovered in Luoyang, Henan Province, 56. ______ there were
a few tombs of the Tang Dynasty, when a railway was in the process of being constructed in 1899. The pieces of
pottery were either in yellow, green and white colors 57. ______ in yellow, green and brown colors. Because they
were found from tombs of the Tang Dynasty, they were called “Tang tri-colored glazed pottery”.
The production of glassy pottery in China 58. ______ (date) back to ancient times. Colored glaze was usually
not applied 59. ______ the head of a pottery figure. After the base was baked, a few touches of Chinese ink 60.
______ (paint) to represent the eyes, eyebrows and beard. The facial expression and inner world of a small statue
were portrayed(刻画) most 61. ______ (vivid).
There are a great 62. ______ (various) of Tang tri-colored glazed pottery pieces. With unique shapes, they had
the rich flavor of life, 63. ______ (cover) almost every field of life related to the dead, from models of architecture
to plates, bowls and from small statues of the heavenly kings with 64. ______ bad temper to those of beautiful
noble ladies. They showed the 65. ______(color) social life and the splendid culture of the Tang Dynasty.
第四部分 写作 (共两节, 满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
假如你是李华, 你看到英国留学生Sharon在网上发帖子, 希望有人能帮助她提高普通话(Mandarin)水平,
她可以教英语作为回报。请根据以下提示用英语写一封电子邮件。
1. 表示愿意提供帮助; 2. 说明你能胜任的理由; 3. 给出讲好普通话的两点建议; 4. 提出你学英语的具
体需求。
注意: 1. 词数80左右。
2. 开头语已给出, 不计入总词数。
Hi, Sharon,
This is Li Hua. I learned from your post that you want to improve your Mandarin.____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
第二节 (满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Once, I was traveling with my mum and elder sister. It was a day journey and we entered the ladies’
compartment (隔间) of the train, where the seats all had “Ladies” written on the back. It was crowded but we got
seats and settled down. We kept our luggage under the seats and waited for the train to start.
Ladies kept on coming inside. The seats were quickly taken, and there were even people standing along the
aisles, which made the people in the compartment seem to be breathless. Only one seat was empty when a woman
with a baby entered. She was about to go over to the empty place, when a burly (结实的) looking man entered,
walked straight over to the empty seat, and sat down with a thump ( 砰的一声), taking no notice of his
surroundings.
The lady with the child held on to her bag and stood in a corner. I was watching all this with a frown. I
expected the woman standing there or any of the other ladies to speak out asking the man to leave the ladies’
compartment.
Alas! No one spoke. Most ladies there seemed to be busy with their own business, including my mom and
sister who had their eyes shut trying to rest, unaware of anything wrong. I decided I could not disturb them. I kept
on feeling upset with frustration, wanting to help in some way. I would have offered my place but I was already
sitting between my mom and sister, both of whom were stronger than me, so I couldn’t move a bit.
The train had started and was gaining speed minute by minute. The woman standing there was swaying to and
fro with the train’s speed, the screaming child in her arms. The mannerless man had no reaction. I couldn’t stand it
any more.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。I got up and walked calmly over to him.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
The lady with the baby thanked me again and again.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分)（略）
第二部分 阅读 (共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
A
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四个英语习语的意思与用法实例。
21. 【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据第二段可知“像乌鸦那样飞”指的是两点之间的最短距离, 也就是说
是直线飞行。
22. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第五段中If a person says one thing and later says the opposite, we say
that the person is blowing hot and cold. 可知, 如果一个人说一件事, 并且稍后又说相反的事, 我们说这个人
在吹热风和凉风。言外之意就是说这个人的态度摇摆不定。
23. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据“Break the ice”这一部分中的None of the girls knew each other, and no
one knew what to say. 可知, 这些女孩们彼此不认识且不知道说什么。这说明她们可能感到害羞。
24. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一部分中So to bury the hatchet is to make peace with someone else.
可知, 把斧子埋起来就是和某人和解。故可推测Colin的姐姐的话的意思是原谅了她的错误。
B
【文章大意】本文是记叙文。主要讲述了每个人都能通过提高自己的才能和技能来帮助自己解决最棘手的
问题, 人们努力工作才能实现他们的美好梦想。
25. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段When I was young, . . . with education. 当我年轻的时候, 我
的母亲没有钱送我上学, 但她认为继续接受教育对我很重要。可知, 作者出生在一个贫穷的家庭。故选C。
26. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段No one’s written your . . . own destiny. 可知, 作者要求每个人
设定自己的目标, 是因为每个人的未来都是由他们自己决定的。故选A。27. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据最后一段But whatever you decide . . . work at it. 可知, 人们努力工作
才能实现他们的美好梦想。故选D。
C
【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章介绍了日本导演是枝裕和拍摄的一部电影《小偷家族》。
28. 【解析】选 D。细节理解题。根据第三段 Shoplifters tells the story . . . local shops. 可知, 在 the
Shoplifters家里的人是通过偷商店里的东西谋生的。故选D。
29. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四段中the family plans a beach trip for the youngest sister. 故选D。
30. What does Koreeda want to show us in the movie?
D. The different relationship in a poor family.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段In Japan and most other Asian countries, . . . kinds of relations. 可
知, 导演想在电影中向我们展示“家庭的意义”。故选A。
31. 【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据第一段What makes a family? . . . in his films. 可知, 这篇文章的主题
主要是关于日本导演拍摄的一部电影。故选B。
D
【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。文章论述了世界上哪一种语言最难学。
32.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段中“People often ask which is the most . . . . consideration. ”可知
世界上有太多的语言, 所以很难说哪一种语言最难学。
33. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中“A native speaker of Spanish, . . . similar to Spanish. ”可知一
个当地的葡萄牙人会发现西班牙语最容易学, 因为它们也使用罗马字母。
34. 【解析】选 A。词义猜测题。根据第三段中“Teachers and circumstances in which the language. . .
motivation for learning. ”可知老师和学习环境, 还有每个学习者的学习动机, 在语言学习中也起着重要作用。
故下划线的词意为“一个特别的境况和环境”。
35. 【解析】选 B。推理判断题。根据第四段中“the language that they have found to be. . . , the most
difficulty. ”可知不是匈牙利语的书写体系而是它的语法复杂性给本地英语学习者带来麻烦。
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
答案: 36～40. DFBGE
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
【文章大意】该篇文章属于说明文, 主要讲述了学语言的原因; 学好语言的方式: 班级授课及经常练习; 个
人学习语言的态度, 即从不放弃, 专心致志。
41. 【解析】选C。根据your job or your studies可知, 需要学习语言是出于“实际, 实用”。technical“技术的”, political“政治的”, physical“身体的”。
42. 【解析】选D。由第一句If you want to learn a new language. . . 可知应是对另外一个不同国度的东西感
兴趣才会学外语。故选D。
43.【解析】选B。have a knowledge of“掌握某一方面的知识”。句意: 掌握该语言对你的帮助有多大。
44. 【解析】选C。考查冠词。ideal首字母发音为元音, 故选C。
45. 【解析】选C。under the guidance of“在……指导下”。
46.【解析】选B。learning a language takes time学习语言需要时间, 从下文take years可推知。
47. 【解析】选C。句意: 如果你能定期学习, 你将会取得更大的成功, 所以你应努力形成一种常规。由
regularly可推知。
48. 【解析】选B。句意: 语言说得流利需要好几年的时间, 但勉强将就则会需要少得多的时间。根据but
可知。
49. 【解析】选A。根据下文可知, 该空应填入与“年龄”有关的词。
50.【解析】选 B。句意: 孩子学习语言的确要比成年人快。closely“密切地”, quickly“快速地”,
privately“私人地”, quietly“静静地”。
51.【解析】选A。句意: 但是研究表明, 你在任何年龄(age)都可以学习语言。
52. 【解析】选D。 句意: 我也听说过人们担心他们在学习(learning)中犯错。
53. 【解析】选B。 句意: 放松并嘲笑自己的错误, 你将会少犯这些错误。前后是顺承关系, 故用B。
54. 【解析】选D。 句意: 学习一种新语言从不是轻松的。根据下文but可推知。
55. 【解析】选B。句意: 在你能用别人的语言说出几个单词时, 你将会对别人积极的回应感到惊讶。
blame“责备”, amaze“使惊讶”, interrupt“打断”, inform“告知”。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
答案: 56. where 57. or 58. dates 59. to
60. were painted 61. vividly 62. variety 63. covering 64. a 65. colorful
第四部分 写作 (共两节, 满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
【参考范文】
Hi, Sharon,
This is Li Hua. I learned from your post that you want to improve your Mandarin. I’m willing to offer my
help. As a native speaker, I can speak Chinese fluently. Besides, I have some teaching experience to do this job.
Learning Mandarin takes time and energy, so you’d better practice speaking often. Meanwhile, I suggest you
listen to some Chinese news programs, which will help you improve your accent and intonation.I’m wondering whether you could help me improve my spoken English in return. I’d appreciate it if you could
give me some advice.
Looking forward to hearing from you.
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
第二节 (满分25分)
【参考范文】
I got up and walked calmly over to him. Looking into his eyes, I asked the burly man if he could read, trying
to be polite. Feeling a little surprised, he made a bad face and reluctantly replied: “Of course I can.” “That’s great.
Please turn around and read what was written on the back of your seat.” He did so and saw “Ladies” written on the
seat. He looked at me for a while with embarrassment and guilt and then he got the point, leaving the compartment
in a big hurry, almost falling.
The lady with the baby thanked me again and again. She sat down with a grateful smile on her tired look.
Surprisingly, her screaming baby stopped crying and began to smile in her arms. Looking at the two happy souls, I
felt a deep sense of pride and satisfaction surging from the bottom of my heart. And my brave behavior was greeted
with general cheers and clapping all around. I felt so happy that I had made the choice.
