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2023 年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(人教版 2019)
选择性必修第四册 Unit 3 综合能力检测
第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分)（略）
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
A
Whale Camp at Marine Science Institute
Camp Type: Overnight, Family, International
Age of Campers: 10-18
Year Established: 1984
No other marine (海洋的) science program enables you to closely observe and study whales, dolphins, and
seals in their own natural habitat. Board our 60-foot sailboat for unmatched observations of marine life. Help
collect data to document whales’ distribution patterns and behaviors. Gain hands-on experience using our marine
science equipment. Explore the powerful and endangered processes of life in the sea.
Some summer programs teach you about marine science and oceanography (海洋学) with lots of time in a
classroom, lab or museum. We take you directly to the source for the best observation and experience. This is why
the Whale Camp is the place where inspiration, exploration and discovery abound (很多). This is why there’s
only one Whale Camp.
We are located on beautiful Grand Manan Island which was recently named the third best small island in the
world to visit by the travel experts. The location is ideally situated in the Bay of Fundy where the highest tides in
the world create one of the world’s richest and most diverse marine ecosystems.
In our years of experience, we’ve observed numerous whales on over 98% of our research trips. Whale Camp
offers more research trips per session than any other summer camp program. The diversity of bird life at sea and on
land is extraordinary. Only the Whale Camp takes you to the highly restricted Machias Seal Island to be surrounded
by many rare creatures. Each day at Whale Camp is a life-changing experience. With our seas and planet in danger,
we believe it’s more important than ever for us to learn how to protect the systems of life that sustain (维持) us.
21. According to the passage, the program .
A. is part of the in-class education
B. is about great scientific researchesC. mainly focuses on endangered marine species
D. offers chances to get close to sea creatures
22. Some summer programs are mentioned to show that .
A. Whale Camp is very unique
B. Whale Camp is the best summer camp
C. people can observe whales at Whale Camp
D. schools take education of marine life seriously
23. The marine ecosystems are diverse because .
A. the location is close to the bay
B. there are high tides in the area
C. experts make efforts to protect them
D. the island is rarely visited by people
B
In the morning, when we arrived on foot at Dumontd’ Urville, the French scientific base on the Adelie Coast
of Est Antarctica, we had to break up a thin layer of ice that had formed over the hole we had drilled the day
before. The hole went right through the 10-foot-thick ice-berg. It was just wide enough for a man, and below it lay
the sea. We had never tried to dive through such a small opening. I went first. Pushing and pulling with hands,
knees, heels and the tips of my swim fins, I moved through the hole.
The bottom surface of the sea ice is a thick mixture of floating ice blocks, and my fall had set them in motion.
They were meeting on the hole as if it had been an upside-down drain. By the time I pushed one arm into the icy
blocks, it was three feet thick. Grabbing the safety rope, I was scared and pulled myself up inch by inch, but my
shoulders got stuck. Suddenly I was astonished by a sharp blow to the head: Cedric Gentil, one of my dive
buddies, was trying to dig me out, and his spade(锹)had struck my skull. Finally, a hand grabbed mine and
dragged me into the air. Today’s dive was over—but it was only one of 32.
I’ve come here with another photographer, Vincent Munier, at the invitation of filmmaker Luc Jacquet,
who’s working on a sequel(续集)to his 2005 accomplishment, March of the Penguins. While Jacquet films
emperor penguins and Munier photographs them, my team will document life under the sea ice.
I’ve worked for decades as a deep-diving photographer, at first in the Mediterranean Sea, where I learned to
dive 30 years ago. Later, a passion for new mysteries took me elsewhere. I’ve dived to 400 feet off South Africa to
photograph rare coelacanths(a large fish), and for 24 straight hours off Fakarava, in French Polynesia , to witnessthe pairing of 17, 000 groupers, but this exploration to Antarctica is unlike any other. Here we’ll be diving deeper
than anyone has dived before under Antarctic ice—and the conditions will be beyond harsh.
24. Why was the layer of ice the author chose thin?
A. Because it was formed more recently.
B. Because it was near their research base.
C. Because the water there was shallower.
D. Because the temperature there was higher.
25. What frightened the author when he wanted to return to the surface?
A. The safety rope was missing.
B. Floating ice blocks were about to fill the hole.
C. An unknown creature attacked him
D. His workmate hit his head
26. Why did the author dive to the Antarctica?
A. To record his travel in the sea
B. To conduct a research under the sea.
C. To photograph the pairing of penguins.
D. To shoot the sea-born life for Jacquet.
27. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph?
A. Introduce his achievements.
B. Show his special interest in diving.
C. Stress that the exploration to Antarctica was unique.
D. Add some scientific background information.
C
A ship that sank off the coast of California decades ago was recently reconstructed in detail. The 3D digital
model even included hundreds of sponges (海绵动物) that have gathered on the ship’s surface since it sank.
Named American Heritage, the supply ship sank in Santa Monica Bay on May 4, 1995, and for decades its
exact location was unknown. Researchers with the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) spotted a
strange shape in that area in 2008. But it wasn’t until May 2018 that MBARI scientists identified its exact location
and mapped the site in detail, showing what appeared to be a shipwreck (失事船只).
Even then, the identity of the shipwreck was uncertain. Yet another MBARI team revisited the location to do
further exploration. They sent remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) and took photos of the damaged ship. Though itwas covered with deep-sea sponges and other animals, the scientists were able to spot letters spelling out its name,
confirming that the shipwreck was American Heritage.
As one of the MBARI scientists who found American Heritage, chief ROV pilot Knute Brekke had worked on
the ship before. And he was on duty with the diving company American Pacific Marine — the owner of American
Heritage — the night the ship began taking in water and eventually sank.
MBARI spokesperson Kim Fulton -Bennett said to Live Science about the discovery, “The model is not
complete, as floating ropes and poor visibility kept the pilots from getting too close to the wreck. But the 3D
reconstruction is detailed enough to show that American Heritage is now home to thousands of sponges.
Shipwrecks often turn into the shelter for diverse communities of ocean life. ”
28. What is the main idea of the text?
A. A valuable treasure was discovered.
B. Special sponges were found under sea.
C. 3D model reconstructed a sunken ship.
D. A sunken ship was gotten out of water.
29. Which is the right order of the following events?
① Something strange was found in the area.
② ROVs were sent under sea to take photos.
③ A ship sank in Santa Monica Bay.
④ The identity of the ship was confirmed.
⑤ Scientists tried to locate the shipwreck.
A. ②③⑤④① B. ③①⑤②④
C. ⑤③①④② D. ④③①②⑤
30. What can we learn about Knute Brekke?
A. He was familiar with the sunken ship.
B. He was in charge of a diving company.
C. He was responsible for the rescue work.
D. He was the first one to witness the accident.
31. What’s Kim Fulton-Bennett’s attitude towards the 3D model?
A. Critical. B. Doubtful.
C. Amazed. D. Objective.
DThe microplastics(微型塑料) problem in the oceans has made its way to sea turtles in a big way. A new
study has found microplastics in the stomach of every single turtle they tested—a total of 102 sea turtles.
The researchers tested more than 100 sea turtles from all seven kinds and three different oceans, and they
were looking for man-made things less than 5 mm long. The most things the team found were fibers, which most
likely came from clothing and fishing equipment.
“The influence of these particles on turtles is unknown, ” said Emily Duncan. “Their small size means they
can pass through the stomach without causing a problem, as is frequently reported with larger plastic pieces. ”
The researchers found more than 800 man-made particles in the turtles, but since they only tested part of the
stomach, they believe the total number of particles could be 20 times higher. They don’t know how the turtles take
in the particles, but they think they are from polluted sea water and polluted plants.
Professor Brendan Godley said that eating microplastics isn’t the biggest problem to sea turtles at the moment,
but it is a clear sign that we need to do a better job watching global waste.
This turtle study shows that we need to reduce the amount of plastic waste, so we can keep clean and healthy
oceans for future people.
32. The underlined part in Paragraph 1 probably means “ ”.
A. has gone into
B. has made great effect on
C. has been walking to
D. has tried to escape from
33. How did the researchers find out the microplastics problem?
A. By giving examples.
B. By comparing sea life.
C. By studying different sea animals.
D. By testing turtles from different seas.
34. What can be inferred from Emily?
A. Larger plastic pieces cause trouble to sea turtles
B. Eating microplastics is the biggest danger to sea turtles
C. Scientists know clearly how sea turtles eat plastic pieces
D. The number of particles inside sea turtles is much higher
35. The purpose of the text is to call on people to .
A. stop killing sea animalsB. find out more plastic waste
C. control pollution to oceans
D. carry out further researches
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余选项。
Zoey admits it was a little sad saying goodbye to her fish. 36 Zoey’s class at Hawthorne Elementary
School spent most of the school year raising the fish from time they were nothing more than little eggs with eyes.
The program the Hawthorne kids took part in is called “Trout in the classroom”. 37 The kids at Wilson
Middle School in Fishersville took part in the project, too.
“I got to feed them every morning and watch them grow up, ” said seventh-grader Lauren Clayton. “We have
to protect them, or some of the fish could go extinct. ” Lauren was right.
3 8 But later, pollution, overfishing and loss of natural habitat have pushed some species to the danger
of extinction.
Thanks to the kids in the program, trout are being reintroduced into rivers and streams across the country. And
by doing that, the kids are helping to restore their local ecosystems—the natural balance that existed before human
disturbed it.
3 9 Because the fish are in their classrooms, the kids are responsible for making sure there is cool, clean
water, proper food and proper living conditions in the tanks.
By the middle of May, they were “as big as a finger. ” That is, they are old enough to be released into Oneida
Creek. “Remember to swim back here to meet us and eat the food we bring little trout”. 4 0
A. The kids can learn some scientific lessons at school.
B. Make sure when a warm lands on the surface, never bite.
C. Finally, Zoey read them goodbye letters before letting them go.
D. They can also see how our actions affect the trout’s ability to survive.
E. But she honestly thinks it’s good that they are going to a natural home.
F. It’s a national project supported by a conservation group called Trout Unlimited.
G. When America was first founded, river and streams across the continent were filled with fish.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
In college, we were required to do an act of kindness, including preparing lunch for an elderly person. When
I 41 the elderly person with the food, it never 42 to me that it would result in a new friendship andthe discovery of a 4 3 .
Bill was unable to 44 much. A nurse came regularly to help him move to and from the wheelchair 45
he has no relatives. Bill said he was delighted to see me and it was a 46 for him to eat a meal with me
because he usually eats 4 7 . He said the food was great, but he enjoyed having 4 8 even more.
Bill had many 49 stories to tell about his travels to many places when working on the railroad. I was
50 a trip but hesitated about traveling by train. However, I would 5 1 be going by train after meeting Bill.
Perhaps the biggest 52 of this project was that I suddenly realized that spending time with the elderly
was fun. On the one hand, I am a good 53 . On the other hand, older people want someone to know their
inner world, so it is a perfect 5 4 . I decided to focus my studies on the 5 5 . Hopefully in the future, I
can help even more people like Bill.
41. A. called on B. came across
C. picked up D. turned to
42. A. happened B. appealed
C. occurred D. proved
43. A. travel plan B. career path
C. holiday destination D. cooking skill
44. A. talk B. eat
C. sit D. walk
45. A. but B. because
C. though D. so
46. A. treat B. fancy
C. privilege D. waste
47. A. slowly B. little
C. alone D. unhappily
48. A. family B. company
C. fun D. health
49. A. adventurous B. fresh
C. absorbing D. satisfying
50. A. intending B. pretending
C. allowing D. requiring
51. A. unbelievablyB. undoubtedlyC. unexpectedly D. unhurriedly
52. A. aim B. impression
C. problem D. bonus
53. A. student B. cook
C. learner D. listener
54. A. choice B. deal
C. match D. game
55. A. old B. poor
C. disabled D. homeless
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Today, much of the world’s ocean is still a mystery. Only 5 percent of it
56. (explore) so far. In fact, we know more about some areas of Mars 57. some parts
of the world’s ocean.
New technology, however, is helping scientists explore these
58. (hide) worlds. For example, scientists are using
59. underwater vehicle called Deep Sea to explore seamounts—underwater mountains.
Scientists have used Deep Sea to study Las Gemelas, an area of seamounts near Costa Rica. A huge 60.
(vary) of species live around Las Gemelas. Some of these species may have chemicals 61. can help
people fight illnesses.
The 62. (deep) location of the earth is the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. The ocean floor
there is approximately 11, 000 meters deep. In 2012, filmmaker and explorer James Cameron reached the Mariana
Trench in a vehicle called Deep Sea Challenger. He was the first 63. (complete) the journey alone.
Cameron took 64. (photo) and made videos on the ocean floor. Deep Sea exploration also helps us in
other ways. For example, we are learning how underwater earthquakes cause tsunamis. As Cameron says, “This is
the 65. (begin) of opening up a new frontier. ”
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假如你是李华, 你的美国笔友Peter想抓住中国“一带一路”经济合作倡议的大好时机到中国来创业,
现写信向你咨询有关事宜, 请你根据以下提示给他写一封回信:
1. 你对此事的看法;2. 给出几点建议(如学汉语, 了解中国文化等)并说明理由;
3. 表达祝愿。
注意: 1. 词数80左右;
2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
参考词汇: 一带一路the Belt and Road; 合作倡议cooperative initiative
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第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Ten-year-old Sami loved to visit his grandfather’s house. The house was near the beautiful blue sea. At the
seaside stood thick and tall palm trees with green coconuts hanging from them. When the coconuts fell down, Sami
would break them open and drink the coconut water. Sami liked to play under the trees. It was always great fun to
spend the holidays at grandpa’s place.
This winter vacation, Sami was surprised when he came to his grandfather’s village. There were hardly any
trees left. He saw houses built near the sea. People had cut down many palm trees and there was hardly any
greenery left.
Grandpa’s house was different. He never allowed his trees to be cut. He hugged each palm tree in his
courtyard. He also named the two big trees near the front door—one was Petu, and the other was Betu. He had
planted them with his own hands and today they had become large, massive trees with thick trunks. They were tall
and green and gave the sweetest, juiciest coconuts.
One night, Sami was awakened by a strange sound. He could not sleep. He tossed(辗转)and turned in bed.
Suddenly, the ground shook as if the earth was splitting. He sat up straight and then ran to grandpa. He
clung(附 着)to his grandpa tightly. Grandpa cried out, “It’s an earthquake! It’s an earthquake! ” They ran outside
the house. They thought that would be safe.
Suddenly, there was a loud sound; the earth was not splitting but the sea was roaring. People were shouting,
screaming and crying, “The sea is rising! The sea is rising. ” The villagers started running away from the beach.
Sami watched dumbstruck(呆若木鸡).
The waves were rising higher and higher. Sami thought, “How big the waves are! ” He went into the house
again and saw water coming in from all sides. He was scared.Sami remembered his mother telling him long ago, “You must always get out of the house if the floods come
too near. ” He ran outside the house with grandpa. But the water came surging(汹涌) in.
Waves about twelve meters high came rushing in, drowning everything. Water was all around and
everywhere.
注意: 续写词数应为150左右。
Grandpa held Sami’s hand tightly but a huge wave separated them.
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“Sami, Sami! ” grandpa cried. “Don’t be scared, little one, come to me, quickly. ”
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参考答案
第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分)（略）
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
A
【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一个名为Whale Camp的夏令营活动, 介绍了其活动特色等情况。
21.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章中No other marine science program enables you to closely observe
and study whales, dolphins, and seals in their own natural habitat. 可知, 这个项目提供了接近海洋生物的机
会。故选D。
22.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据文章中Some summer programs teach you about . . . one Whale Camp.
可知, 提到一些夏季项目是为了以此表明Whale Camp非常独特。故选A。
23.【解析】选 B。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中 The location is ideally situated. . . diverse marine
ecosystems. 可知, 海洋生态系统多样, 是因为该地区有最高的潮汐。故选B。
B
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了身为摄影师的作者和同事一起去南极拍摄水下世界的经历, 作
者去过地中海, 去过南非, 法国波利尼西亚, 但是这些拍摄经历都不如南极这么艰险, 而且潜水的深度也不
如南极那么深, 而且条件异常艰苦。24.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一段中In the morning. . . the day before. 可知, 作者选择薄的冰层,
因为它是最近才形成的。故选A。
25.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段中The bottom surface of the sea ice. . . but my shoulders got stuck.
可知, 作者落入水中使水下的浮冰开始波动而后聚集堵住了洞口, 因此作者很害怕。故选B。
26.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段中While Jacquet films emperor penguins and Munier photographs
them, my team will document life under the sea ice. 可知, 作者潜水到南极洲是为了给Jacquet拍摄海下生物。
故选D。
27.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段I’ve worked for decades . . . the conditions will be beyond harsh.
可知, 最后一段作者用了对比的写法, 比如作者去过地中海, 去过南非, 法国波利尼西亚, 但是这些拍摄经
历都不如南极这么艰险, 而且潜水的深度也不如南极那么深, 而且条件异常艰苦, 可知作者在最后一段想要
突出南极拍照经历的独特性和艰苦性。故选C。
C
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了几十年前在加利福尼亚海岸沉没的一艘船最近进行了详细的
重建。3D数字模型甚至包括了自沉船以来聚集在船体表面的数以百计的海绵动物。
28.【解析】选C。主旨大意题。根据文章第一段并结合全文内容, 可知这篇文章主要讲了三维模型重建沉
船。故选C。
29.【解析】选 B。细节理解题。根据第二段 Named American Heritage. . . showing what appeared to be a
shipwreck和第三段They sent remotely operated . . . American Heritage可知, 事件发生的正确顺序是: 一艘
船在圣莫尼卡湾沉没→在这个地区发现了一些奇怪的东西→科学家们试图确定失事船只的位置→ROVs被
派到水下拍照→这艘船的身份得到确认。故选B。
30.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段As one of the MBARI scientists. . . in water and eventually
sank. 可知, Knute Brekke很熟悉那艘沉船。故选A。
31.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段Kim Fulton-Bennett说的话The model is not complete. . . for
diverse communities of ocean life. 可知, Kim Fulton-Bennett对3D模型的态度是客观的。故选D。
D
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现, 他们检测的总共102只海龟里, 每只海龟的胃里都有微
塑料。研究人员通过测试来自不同海域的海龟, 发现了这一微塑料问题。微塑料因为颗粒小, 可以顺利通
过海龟的胃, 从而对海龟造成危害。研究人员认为海龟体内这些颗粒数量更高, 颗粒主要来自被污染的海
水和被污染的植物。文章主要为了号召人们控制对海洋的污染。
32.【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据后文A new study has found microplastics in the stomach of every singleturtle they tested—a total of 102 sea turtles. 可知, 海洋中的微塑料问题已经在很大程度上影响到了海龟。故
画线短语意思为“产生影响”。故选B。
33.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段中 The researchers tested more than 100 sea turtles. . . less than 5
mm long. 可知, 研究人员通过测试来自不同海域的海龟发现了微塑料问题。故选D。
34.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段“The influence of these particles . . . as is frequently reported with
larger plastic pieces. ”可知, 大的垃圾会对海龟造成问题。故选A。
35.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段This turtle study shows. . . for future people. 可知, 这篇文章的
目的是号召人们控制对海洋的污染。故选C。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了美国学生参加的一个保护鱼类并学习自然知识的环保项目“Trout
in the classroom”的具体信息。
36. 【解析】选E。根据文章最后一段中“By the middle of May, they were “as big as a finger. ” That is, they
are old enough to be released into Oneida Creek. ”可知孩子们后来把鱼放生了。题目认为让鱼儿回到大自然是
好事。E项“But she honestly thinks it’s good that they are going to a natural home. ”符合上下文语境, 故选E
项。
37. 【解析】选 F。设空前一句“The program the Hawthorne kids took part in is called “Trout in the
classroom”. ”告诉我们孩子参加了这样的一个项目, 这个项目是由保护组织提供支持的。F项“It’s a national
project supported by a conservation group called Trout Unlimited”符合上下文语境, 故选F项。
38. 【解析】选G。设空后一句“But later, pollution, overfishing and loss of natural habitat have pushed some
species to the danger of extinction. ”可知污染、过度捕捞以及栖息地的消失让一些物种处于灭绝的边缘, 而之
前美国河流里鱼非常多。G项“When America was first founded, river and streams across the continent were
filled with fish. ”符合上下文语境, 故选G项。
39. 【解析】选A。根据设空后一句可知孩子们在照顾鱼儿的时候, 要学习很多与鱼儿相关的知识。故A
项“The kids can learn some scientific lessons at school. ”符合上下文语境, 故选A项。
40. 【解析】选C。根据文章第一段第一句“Zoey admits it was a little sad saying goodbye to her fish. ”可知
Zoey最后把鱼儿送回大自然, 并与它们告别。C项与文章开头形成呼应, 符合上下文语境, 故选C项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
【文章大意】文章主要讲述了作者读大学时, 偶然的一次课题实践让作者确定了自己未来的职业方向。
41.【解析】选A。根据下文“it never to me that it would result in a new friendship and the discovery ofa . ”可知, 作者去拜访老人, 而这次拜访带来新的友谊, 并使作者找到一条职业道路。故选A项。
42.【解析】选C。当我带着食物去拜访老人时, 我从未想到这会带来新的友谊和找到一条职业道路。it
occurs to sb. that“某人突然想起……”符合句意。故选C项。
43.【解析】选B。根据下文“I decided to focus my studies on the . Hopefully in the future, I can help
even more people like Bill. ”可知, 作者从未想到这会带来新的友谊和找到一条职业道路。故选B项。
44.【解析】选D。根据下文“ A nurse came regularly to help him move to and from the wheelchair”可知, 比
尔不能走很多路。故选D项。
45.【解析】选B。分析句意可知, 本句为because引导的原因状语从句。故选B项。
46.【解析】选A。根据下文“because he usually eats alone”可知, 对老人来说和作者吃饭是一种款待。故选
A项。
47.【解析】选C。根据上文“he has no relatives. ”可知, 老人通常一个人吃饭。故选C项。
48.【解析】选B。根据上文可知, 老人通常一个人吃饭, 所以尽管食物很棒, 但是他更享受有人陪伴。故选
B项。
49.【解析】选C。根据“his travels to many places when working on the railroad. ”可知, 他有许多引人入胜的
故事要讲。故选C项。
50.【解析】选A。根据“but hesitated about traveling by train. ”可知, 作者一直打算去旅行, 但对乘火车旅行
犹豫不决。故选A项。
51.【解析】选B。根据“However和be going by train after meeting Bill. ”可知, 在见到比尔之后, 作者将选
择乘火车旅行。故选B项。
52.【解析】选D。根据“I suddenly realized that spending time with the elderly was fun. ”可知, 这个活动使作
者获得了意料之外的东西。故选D项。
53.【解析】选 D。根据上文“Bill had many stories to tell about his travels to many places when
working on the railroad. ”可知, 老人讲故事, 作者倾听。所以作者是一个很好的倾听者。故选D项。
54.【解析】选C。根据上文“In college, we were required to do an act of kindness, including preparing lunch
for an elderly person”作者是来帮助老人, 来做好事的, 作者意外发现和老人在一起很有趣, 作者是一个好的
倾听者, 而老人希望别人了解他的内心世界。所以说这是一个完美的结对。故选C项。
55.【解析】选A。根据“elderly person以及older people”可知, 作者决定把研究的重点放在老年人身上。故
选A项。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。世界上的大部分海洋仍然是个谜, 然而, 新技术正在帮助科学家探索这些隐藏的世界。文章介绍科学家对地球上最深的地方——太平洋的马里亚纳海沟的探索。
56. 【解析】has been explored。考查现在完成时态的被动语态和主谓一致。句子主语是Only 5 percent of it,
第三人称单数, 和谓语动词explore之间是被动关系, 再根据so far“到目前为止”, 可知句子用现在完成时
态的被动语态, 故填has been explored。
57. 【解析】than。考查连词。根据more可知此处是比较级, 故填than。
58. 【解析】hidden。考查过去分词作前置定语。此处worlds和hide之间是被动关系, 是过去分词作前置
定语, 故填hidden。
59. 【解析】an。此处underwater以元音音素开头, 前面加an表示“一种水下的工具”, 故填an。
60. 【解析】variety。考查固定词组。固定词组: a variety of“各种各样的”。所以此处用名词, 所给词vary
是动词, 其名词形式是variety, 故填variety。
61. 【解析】that/which。考查定语从句。此处chemicals是先行词, 指物, 放在后面的定语从句中作主语,
所以由that/which来引导定语从句。故填that/which。
62. 【解析】deepest。考查形容词最高级。马里亚纳海沟是地球上“最深的”地方, 所以这里用形容词最
高级, 故填deepest。
63. 【解析】to complete。考查动词不定式作后置定语。固定用法: the first (second. . . )to do sth. “做某事的
第一个……”。此处是动词不定式作后置定语, 故填to complete。
64. 【解析】photos。考查名词复数。固定搭配: take photos“拍照”。此处用名词复数, 故填photos。
65. 【解析】 beginning。考查名词。分析句子结构 the (begin) of可知the用在名词前面, 故填
beginning。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
【参考范文】
Dear Peter,
I am more than delighted to know that you are coming to China to set up your own business. It’s really a wise
choice to take advantage of the Belt and Road economic cooperation initiative of China.
To begin with, you are supposed to learn some Chinese so that you can communicate with Chinese better.
Besides, it is also beneficial for you to learn about some Chinese culture and traditions, which will assist you to
have a better understanding of China. More importantly, if I were you, I would surf the Internet to get more basic
information about Chinese economic policies. Only in this way can you make a specific and practical plan.
I hope you’ll find these suggestions useful.Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
【参考范文】
Grandpa held Sami’s hand tightly but a huge wave separated them. Grandpa fought the waves and strived to
catch Sami, but failed. Sami was drifted away! He struggled to keep his head above the water. The water pushed
him ahead. Fortunately, he caught a palm tree in his courtyard. He panicked and screamed out to Sami but could
not see him. He clung to tree tightly while the sea was all around. In hope of seeing Sami, grandpa climbed higher
up the tree. The water carried Sami round and round.
“Sami, Sami! ” grandpa cried. “Don’t be scared, little one, come to me, quickly. ” “But grandpa, I can’t
swim! ” Another wave came with terrifying speed and force. Sami cried in despair. Suddenly, Sami felt himself
thrown onto the top of a tree. He immediately held it! Looking around, he saw everything was terribly destroyed;
but in the near distance, his grandpa was on another tree! Soon it was calm; both grandpa and Sami came down
the trees and rushed to hug each other, then they hugged the trees with tears of gratitude.
