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【上好课】2025年高考一轮复习知识清单（讲案）
专题25 十年高考(2015-2024) 290个阅读高频词及单句填空123例 解析版
目录 内容
板块一 分组背诵 化整为零
板块二 单句填空 活学活用
板块三 语篇训练 学以致用
板块一 分组背诵 化整为零
第一组 背诵版（50词）
1 abnormal 反常的, 异常的; 变态的 26 apparently 显然地
2 absorb 吸收 27 application 申请, 申请表, 申请书
3 academic 学校的, 学院的;学术性的 28 appointment 约会, 约定;任命, 委派
4 accessible 容易取得的, 容易达到的 29 approval 赞成, 同意
5 accommodation 住处(尤指短期使用的) 30 architect 建筑师, 设计师
6 account 账户;描述, 报道;解释; 说明 31 arouse 唤醒;引起, 激发
7 accurate 精确的, 准确的 32 as a consequence 因而,结果
8 acknowledge 承认, 供认 33 aspect 方面;面貌, 模样, 神态
9 acquire 获得, 得到, 养成 34 assess 估价, 估计;评定，核定
10 adaptable 可适应的, 可改编的 35 asset 资产，财产，有价值的人或物
11 additional 增加的, 额外的, 另外的 36 assistance 帮助, 援助
12 adjust (改变…以)适应; 调整; 校正 37 associate (使)联合; 结交, 结伙
13 admiration 钦佩; 赞赏 38 astronaut 宇航员, 太空人
14 agency 经销处, 代理行;部, 处 39 at a loss 不知所措
15 aggressive 好争斗的, 挑衅的, 侵略性的 40 audience 观众, 听众; 读者
16 allowance 津贴, 补助, 零用钱 41 authority 权力, 职权；官方, 当局；权威
17 alter 改变, 更改 42 available 可用的或可得到的
18 alternative 两者择一的, 供替代的 43 ban 取缔, 查封, 禁止；禁止, 禁令
19 amateur 业余的, 非职业的 44 barrier 栅栏,障碍, 隔阂
20 ambition 抱负, 雄心, 野心 45 block 街区, 街段；大块；障碍(物)
21 analysis 分析 46 breed 生育; 繁殖；饲养, 培养
22 analyze 分析, 分解, 解释 47 budget 预算; 政府预算案
23 ancestor 祖先, 祖宗 48 by design 故意地; 蓄意地
24 annoy 打扰, 干扰 49 calculate 计算, 估计
25 annual 每年的, 年度的, 一年一次的 50 calorie 卡路里, 卡(热量单位)
第二组 背诵版（50词）
51 campaign 运动；战役 60 clue 线索, 提示
52 cautious 小心的, 谨慎的 61 column 栏, 专栏(文章)
53 channel 海峡；通道; 水沟, 水渠 62 combination 联合体, 组合物
54 characteristics 特有的, 典型的 63 comment 评论, 意见, 解释, 批评
55 charity 慈爱, 仁慈; 救济金 64 commercial 商业的, 商务的
56 chase 追捕, 追逐 65 community 社区, 社会, 团体；大众, 公众
57 circulate (使)循环, (使)流通 66 complaint 抱怨, 诉苦；投诉, 控告
58 circumstance 环境, 条件, 情况 67 complicated 结构复杂的
59 civilization 文明, 文化 68 composer (尤指古典音乐)作曲家69 concentration 专心, 专注 85 criminal 刑事的, 犯罪的
70 concept 概念; 观念; 想法 86 data 资料, 材料
71 confess 承认, 供认 87 decline 下降, 减少, 衰退
72 conflict 冲突, 抵触, 争论 88 decoration 装饰, 装潢
73 conscious 神志清醒的 89 defend 辩护; 辩解
74 consequence 结果, 后果 90 define 精确地解释; 界定
75 considerable 相当大(或多)的 91 deliver 递送, 交付
76 constantly 不变地,经常地,坚持不懈地 92 demonstrate 论证, 证明
77 consume 消耗, 消费, 耗尽 93 description 描述, 形容
78 convince 使相信; 使明白 94 desert 舍弃, 遗弃
79 cooperation 合作 95 deserve应受, 应得, 值得
80 count 有价值, 有重要意义;认为, 看作 96 desirable 可取的, 值得拥有的, 合意的
81 cover 涉及, 包含;控制, 支配 97 destructive 破坏性的, 毁灭性的
82 crash (使)猛撞, (使)撞毁 98 device 装置, 设备, 器具
83 creativity 创造力,创造 99 discipline 训练, 训导;处罚, 惩罚
84 credit 借款; 贷款 100 dismiss 使退去; 解散
第三组 背诵版（50词）
101 distinction 区别, 明显差别, 特征 126 exhausted 疲倦地
102 distribute 散发; 散播; 分布 127 expense 消耗, 花费
103 document 公文, 文件, 文献 128 explore 勘查, 探测, 勘探
104 domestic 国内的; 家用的;驯养的 129 export 出口, 输出
105 drought 干旱(时期) 130 extent 长度, 面积, 范围
106 ecosystem 生态系统 131 extinguish 使熄灭, 扑灭
107 efficient 有能力的, 效率高的 132 extremely 极端; 极其; 非常
108 element 要素;基础, 纲要, 原理 133 facial 面孔的; 面部用的
109 embarrass (使)窘迫; (使)局促不安 134 facility 设备, 设施
110 emergency紧急情况,非常时刻 135 factor 因素, 要素
111 emotion 情感, 感情, 激情 136 fasten 系紧, 拴牢
112 emphasis 强调, 重点 137 figure 数字；图表; 图案；画像, 肖像
113 endure 忍受, 忍耐, 容忍 138 finance 财政, 金融
114 enrich 使富有, 使富裕 139 flexible 灵活的, 可变通的； 柔韧的
115 entertain 款待, 招待 140 frame 框架
116 enthusiastic 满腔热情的,极感兴趣的 141 funeral 葬礼, 丧礼
117 entirely 全部地, 整体地 142 garage 车库；汽车修理站; 加油站
118 essential 必不可少的, 绝对必要的 143 grateful 感激的, 感谢的
119 establish 建立, 成立 144 guarantee 保证; 担保
120 estimate 估计, 估价 145 guilty 内疚的
121 evaluation 估价,评价,赋值 146 habitat (动物的)栖息地, 住处
122 evaporate (使某物)蒸发掉 147 handle 处理, 应付, 对待；手柄, 把手
123 eventually 终于, 最后 148 hesitate 犹豫; 踌躇
124 evidence 证词; 证据; 迹象 149 historian 历史学家, 史学工作者
125 exception 例外 150 hospitality 殷勤, 好客
第四组 背诵版（50词）
151 identity 身份 156 immigrant 移民
152 ignore 不顾, 不理, 忽视 157 implication 含义,暗指，卷入, 牵连
153 illegal 不合法的, 违法的 158 incredible 不能相信的, 不可信的
154 illustration 插图,图案；例证, 实例 159 independent 独立的, 自主的, 自立的
155 imitate 模仿 160 indicate 标示, 指示, 指出161 inhabit 居住于, 栖居于 181 mathematical 数学的, 数学上的；精确的
162 inspiration 灵感；鼓舞人心的人[事物] 182 maximum 最大值的, 最大量的
163 instructive 有益的, 供给知识的, 教育的 183 meanwhile 同时; 其间
164 instructor 指导者, 教师 184 memorize 记住, 熟记
165 insurance 保险 185 mental 精神的, 头脑的, 心理的
166 intelligent 聪明的; 理解力强的 186 merely 仅仅, 只不过
167 interact 相互作用[影响], 互相配合 187 migrate 迁移; 移往
168 interactive 一起活动或互相合作的 188 motivate 作为…的动机; 激发; 诱发
169 interfere 干预; 调停；妨碍 189 negative 消极的, 非建设性的
170 invaluable 无法估计的, 非常宝贵的 190 neglect 疏忽; 忽略; 遗漏
171 invest 投资; 花费 191 nevertheless 仍然, 然而, 不过
172 investigator 调查者; 审查者 192 objective 客观的; 不带偏见的
173 involve 使参与, 牵涉 193 occasional 偶尔的, 不经常的
174 isolation 隔离, 与世隔绝 194 optimistic 乐观的, 乐观主义的
175 kindergarten 幼儿园 195 original 起初的; 原来的
176 landscape 风景, 景色 196 overcome 战胜; 克服
177 layer 层, 层次 197 overwhelming 势不可挡的,巨大的
178 license 批准, 许可, 颁发执照 198 panic 恐慌, 惊慌, 慌乱
179 maintain 保持; 继续；坚持; 主张 199 participant 参加者, 参与者
180 manufacturer 制造商, 制造厂 200 passive 被动的; 消极的; 不抵抗的
第五组 背诵版（50词）
201 peculiar 奇怪的, 异常的 226 reservation 预订；保留意见
202 permanent 永久(性)的, 固定的 227 resist 抵抗; 对抗
203 persuasive 能说服的; 善于游说的 228 resolve 决定; 决心
204 physically 身体上地；健康地 229 resume 履历
205 potential 潜在的, 有可能的 230 rhythm 节奏, 韵律
206 preserve 保护 231 schedule 时间表, 日程安排表；清单
207 privacy 私事, 隐私 232 scholarship 奖学金
208 profit 利润, 收益, 赢利 233 scratch 抓, 搔
209 prohibit 禁止; 阻止 234 security 安全
210 promote 提升, 提拔 235 sensitive 易受影响的; 敏感的
211 prosperity 兴旺, 繁荣 236 shorten 弄短, 缩短
212 psychologist 心理学研究者; 心理学家 237 signal 信号, 暗号
213 purchase 购买 238 significant 重要的, 重大的, 可观的
214 rarely 不常, 很少地, 难得地 239 slightly 轻微地, 微不足道地
215 reaction 反应; 回应 240 smoothly 顺利地、光滑地
216 realistic 现实的,现实主义的 241 source 发源地、出处
217 recognition 认识; 认出; 承认 242 specialize 专门从事, 专攻
218 register 记录; 登记; 注册 243 species 物种, 种
219 relatively 相关地 244 specific 明确的, 确切的, 详尽的
220 release 发布; 发行; 发售 245 splendid 壮丽的; 辉煌的
221 relevant 有关的, 切题的 246 standard 标准, 水准, 规范
222 reliable 可靠的, 可信赖的 247 state 陈述; 叙述
223 remark 话语, 评论 248 statistics 数据
224 reputation 名气, 名声, 名誉 249 status 情形, 状况
225 rescue 营救, 救援 250 stimulate 刺激; 激励
第四组 背诵版（40词）
251 sting 螫伤; 刺伤 252 strategy 战略, 策略253 strengthen 加强, 巩固 272 traffic jam 塞车,交通拥塞
254 stretch 伸展; 拉紧 273 tragedy 惨事, 灾难
255 studio 播音室; 录音室 274 trap 困住, 使陷入绝境
256 substitute 代替, 替换, 代用 275 tuition 学费
257 supervisor 监督者, 管理者 276 unbearable 难以忍受的; 不能忍受的
258 survey 眺望; 纵览 277 unconscious 失去知觉的
259 survive 幸存, 活下来 278 uniform 制服
260 suspect 怀疑; 不信任 279 unique 独一无二的, 仅有的, 惟一的
261 suspicious 猜疑的, 疑心的 280 universal 广泛的, 普遍的
262 symbol 象征, 标志 281 update 更新; 使现代化
263 sympathize 同情, 支持 282 vary (使)变化, 改变
264 symptom 症状；征兆 283 vehicle 交通工具, 车辆
265 talkative 健谈的; 多嘴的; 喜欢说话的 284 victim 牺牲者, 受害者, 受灾者
266 tame 驯服的, 温顺的 285 vital 极重要的, 必不可少的
267 temporary 临时的, 暂时的, 短时间的 286 vitamin 维生素
268 tendency 倾向, 趋势 287 volcano 火山
269 threaten 恐吓, 威胁 288 volunteer 自动提供, 自愿效劳
270 timely 适时的; 合时宜的 289 welfare 健康, 幸福, 繁荣，福利
271 tolerance 宽容, 容忍 290 withdraw 取[收]回，(使)撤退[出]
板块二 单句填空 活学活用
【名师原创】单句填空123例
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. You became so deeply __________(absorb) in an activity that you lost track of time.
2. Both say they want to write literary books that are __________(access) to a general audience.
3. Every care has been taken to ensure the __________(accurate) of all information given in this leaflet.
4. Parents are more willing __________( acknowledge) their children as adults when they behave like adults.
5. Older workers can be as __________(adapt) and quick to learn as anyone else.
6. She won the __________(admire) of many people in her battle against cancer.
7. I'm afraid I have no alternative but __________(report) you to the police.
8. He is so deep in debt and desperate for money that he's __________(apparent) willing to say anything.
9. The project has now received __________(approve) from the government.
10. The charity aims to provide __________(assist) to people in need.
11. People are often __________ a loss when confronted with a number of choices.
12. Stores should __________(ban) from selling alcoholic drinks to teenagers.
13. The satellite enables us __________(calculate) their precise location anywhere in the world.
14. The condition prevents the blood from __________(circulate) freely.
15. His treatment was a __________(combine) of surgery, radiation and drugs.
16. You cannot afford to relax your __________(concentrate) for a moment.
17. Children vary __________(considerable) in the rate at which they learn these lessons.
18. We will win the contest if we can tap into our __________(creative).
19. He became __________(convince) of the need for cheap editions of good quality writing.
20. The number of staff __________(decline) from 217,000 to 114,000 since 2021.
21. All our officers are trained __________(defend) themselves against knife attacks.
22. The term ‘mental illness’ is difficult__________(define).
23. It is impossible __________(deliver) this letter because the address is illegible.
24. They are anxious __________(demonstrate) to the voters that they have practical policies.
25. The __________(describe) which he had been given was brief and to the point.
26. He deserves __________(lock) up forever for what he did.
27. Under such conditions, the __________(destroy) effects of bacteria are diminished.
28. Alcohol can also damage the liver and do great harm if __________(consume) in large quantities.29. He __________(discipline) at school last week for talking back to the teacher.
30. He was so irresponsible that I decided __________(dismiss) him.
31. We didn't understand how difficult it was __________(distribute)a national paper.
32. There are obvious __________(distinction) between the two wine-making areas.
33. They believed that the greater the diversity the __________(stable) the ecosystem.
34. I was impressed by the __________(efficient) with which she handled the crisis.
35. The exchange of prisoners of war was one of the key __________(element) of the UN's peace plan.
36. You rescued me from an __________(embarrass) situation.
37. The government has declared a state of __________(emergent) following the earthquake.
38. Until recently, the emphasis in dam building was _________ the economic benefits.
39. Many volunteers choose to hurt themselves rather than endure __________(bore).
40. It's of significant importance for us __________(enrich) our life with habits.
41. Barbecues are a favourite way of __________(entertain) friends
42. It was this campaign that __________(establish) the paper's reputation.
43. It is hard __________( estimate) how many children suffer from dyslexia.
44. There is __________(convince) evidence of a link between exposure to sun and skin cancer.
45. Most of the buildings in the town are modern, but the church is an __________(except).
46. It took them about 50 minutes __________(extinguish) the fire.
47. Houses in the neighbourhood of Paris are __________(extreme) expensive.
48. They found that every __________(face) expression is connected to a certain color.
49. He __________(fasten) up his coat and hurried out.
50. She is still __________(finance) dependent on her parents.
51. I am extremely grateful __________ all the teachers _________ their help.
52. We guarantee __________(refund) your money if you're not delighted with your purchase.
53. She's very good at __________(handle) her patients.
54. Please do not hesitate __________(contact) me if you have any queries.
55. I made a suggestion but they chose __________(ignore) it.
56. Two __________(dependent) research bodies reached the same conclusions.
57. A red sky at night often __________(indicate) fine weather the next day.
58. Dreams can be a rich source of __________(inspire) for an artist.
59. It's __________(legal) to drive through a red light.
60. She has had a number of different jobs, ranging from chef to swimming __________ (instruct).
61.The online classroom provides an innovative and __________(interact)interactive learning environment.
62. I wish my mother would stop __________(interfere)interfering and let me make my own decisions.
63. Don't you think it's about time you __________(invest)invested in a new coat?
64. There was a serious incident __________(involve)involving a group of youths.
65. __________( maintain)To maintain her weight, she simply chooses fruits and vegetables over fats and sweets.
66. __________(manufacture)Manufacturers are working on a new generation of cheaper digital radios.
67. Under planning law __________the maximum height for a fence or hedge is 6 feet.
68. He studied his map, trying __________(memorize)to memorize the way to Rose's street.
69. You may be physically and __________(mental)mentally exhausted after a long flight.
70. He said nothing, __________(mere)merely smiled and watched her.
71. Thousands were forced __________(migrate) from rural to urban areas in search of work.
72. He spent five years in Paris, with __________(occasion) visits to Italy.
73. It is one of the most __________(origin) works of imagination in the language.
74. The residents were trying to escape from the fire but __________(overcome) by smoke.
75. I __________(panic) when I saw smoke coming out of the engine.
76. 40 of the course __________(participant) are offered employment with the company.
77. An immigrant is a person who comes to live __________(permanent) in a foreign country.
78. The introduction to a __________(persuade) speech is very important.
79. The society was set up __________(preserve) endangered species from extinction.
80. You don't have to sacrifice environmental protection __________(promote) economic growth.81. The equipment can __________(purchase) from your local supplier.
82. __________(rare) has a debate attracted so much media attention.
83. The town has changed beyond __________(recognize) since I was last here.
84. __________(register) a car in Japan, the owner must have somewhere to park it.
85. __________(relative) speaking, these jobs provide good salaries.
86. Firefighters took two hours__________(release) the driver from the car.
87. We are looking for someone who is __________(rely) and hard-working.
88. Firefighters burst the door open and __________(rescue) them.
89. He went to the desk to inquire and make a __________(reserve).
90. They are determined __________(resist) pressure to change the law.
91. We must find a way __________(resolve) these problems before it's too late.
92. We'll be stopping here for longer than __________(schedule).
93. They are now under a great deal of pressure __________(tighten) their airport security.
94. The classroom teacher must be sensitive __________ a child's needs.
95. Her father paid $5,000 for an operation __________(shorten) her nose.
96. We overlook all sorts of warning __________(signal) about our own health.
97. His family then moved to a __________(slight) larger house.
98. Everything is clear to her and things go __________(smooth) then.
99. Most of the staff specialize __________ the care of children.
100. The article can be used __________(stimulate) discussion among students.
101. To improve the quality of life through work, two complementary __________(strategy) are necessary.
102. The exercises are designed __________(strengthen) your stomach muscles.
103. I __________(stretch) out a hand and picked up the book.
104. The course teaches you the theory but there's no substitute __________ practical experience.
105. All of us will struggle fairly hard __________(survive) if we are in danger.
106. White has always been __________ symbol of purity in Western cultures.
107. The public should be on the lookout for __________(symptom) of the disease.
108. I have a __________(tend) to talk too much when I'm nervous.
109. He tied her up and __________(threaten) her with a six-inch knife.
110. She had no __________(tolerant) for jokes of any kind.
111. I __________(catch) in a traffic jam for over an hour, otherwise I would have not kept you waiting for such a
long time.
112. Can the world become so __________(bear) to someone after years of loneliness?
113. He was __________(conscious) and as I looked at his face, something occurred to me.
114. The preview offers __________ unique opportunity to see the show without the crowds.
115. It is __________(universal) acknowledged that it's very difficult to shake off bad habits.
116. He was back in the office, __________(update) the work schedule on the computer.
117. The cost of the alcohol duty __________(vary) according to the amount of wine in the bottle.
118. Be careful not to fall victim __________ online banking fraud.
119. Reading is __________ vital importance in language learning.
120. Fruit is a convenient source of __________(vitamin) and energy.
121. The volcano __________(erupt) last year killing about 600 people.
122. What I want now is two __________(volunteer) to come down to the front.
123. He reached into his pocket and __________(withdraw) a sheet of notepaper.
【名师原创】单句填空123例答案
1. absorbed 8. apparently
2. accessible 9. approval
3. accuracy 10. assistance
4. to acknowledge 11. at
5. adaptable 12. be banned
6. admiration 13. to calculate
7. to report 14. circulating15. combination 67. the
16. concentration 68. to memorize
17. considerably 69. mentally
18. creativity 70. merely
19. convinced 71. to migrate
20. has declined 72. occasional
21. to defend 73. original
22. to define 74. were
23. to deliver 75. panicked
24. to demonstrate. 76. participants
25. description 77. permanently
26. locking/to be locked 78. persuasive
27. destructive 79. to preserve
28. consumed 80. to promote
29. was disciplined 81. be purchased
30. to dismiss 82. Rarely
31. to distribute 83. recognition
32. distinctions 84. To register
33. more stable 85. Relatively
34. efficiency 86. to release
35. elements 87. reliable
36. embarrassing 88. rescued
37. emergency 89. reservation
38. on/upon 90. to resist
39. boredom 91. to resolve
40. to enrich 92. scheduled.
41. entertaining 93. to tighten
42. established 94. to
43. to estimate 95. to shorten
44. convincing 96. signals
45. exception 97. slightly
46. to extinguish 98. smoothly
47. extremely 99. in
48. facial 100. to stimulate
49. fastened 101. strategies
50. financially 102. to strengthen
51. to, for 103. stretched
52. to refund 104. for
53. handling 105. to survive
54. to contact 106. a
55. to ignore 107. symptoms
56. independent 108. tendency
57. indicates 109. threatened
58. inspiration 110. tolerance
59. illegal 111. was caught
60. instructor 112. unbearable
61. interactive 113. unconscious
62. interfering 114. a
63. invested/should invest 115. universally
64. involving 116. updating
65. To maintain 117. varies
66. Manufacturers 118. to119. of 122. volunteers
120. vitamins 123. withdrew
121. erupted
板块三 语篇训练 学以致用
China to launch pioneer cities for large-scale use of BeiDou satellite navigation
China is preparing to support the large-scale application of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS),
according to a recent announcement 1 (issue) by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.
The ministry plans to designate several pilot cities to demonstrate the application of BeiDou in mass consumption,
manufacturing and emerging sectors such as industrial internet and artificial intelligence (AI).
The large-scale application of Beidou has now entered a critical stage of marketization, industrialization and
internationalization. 2 (enable) the BDS to empower industries, China will cultivate leading enterprises,
improve product quality and build a robust industrial ecosystem, according to the announcement. The
announcement outlines that the pilot projects will focus on three areas, namely mass consumption, manufacturing
and integrated 3 (innovate).
In the field of mass consumption, pilot cities will focus on areas such as smartphones, 4 (wear)
devices, tablets, shared travel tools and low-altitude drones. Enterprises 5 (encourage) to develop and
manufacture BeiDou-enabled devices, thereby 6 (improve) the supply of products.In the field of industrial manufacturing, pilot cities will accelerate the application of BeiDou in key areas
7 automobiles, ships, aircraft and robots, the announcement says.
Local governments have been urged to encourage 8 construction of platforms related to the
internet of vehicles and intelligent networks and expand the proportion of commercial and passenger vehicles 9
are equipped with BDS.
All these measures are expected to 10 (deep) integrate the BDS with new scenarios such as smart
cities, intelligent transportation, smart logistics, smart maritime and precision agriculture, the announcement says.
【参考答案】
1. issued 2. To enable 3. innovation 4. wearable 5. will be encouraged 6. improving 7. like 8. the 9. that 10.
deeply
