文档内容
Unit 7 What's the highest mountain in the world?
单元话题语法填空练习
基础语篇巩固练
（2024八年级下·全国·专题练习）One of the 1 (world) most dangerous sports is mountain
climbing, and one of the most popular places for this is the Himalayas. The Himalayas run along the southwestern
part of China. Of all the mountains, Qomolangma rises the 2 (high) and is the most famous. It is
8,844.43 meters high and so is very dangerous to climb. Thick clouds cover the top and snow can fall very 3
(hard). Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms. It is also very hard
4 (take) in air as you get near the top. The 5 (one) people to reach the top were Tenzing Norgay
and Edmund Hillary on May 29, 1953. The first 6 (China) team did so in 1960, while the first woman to
succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975. Why do so many climbers risk their 7 (life)? One of the
main reasons 8 (be) that people want to challenge 9 (they) in the face of difficulties. The
spirit of these climbers shows us that we 10 (should) give up trying to achieve our dreams, it also shows
that humans can sometimes be stronger than the forces of nature.
【答案】
1．world’s 2．highest 3．hard 4．to take 5．first 6．Chinese 7．lives 8．is
9．themselves 10．shouldn’t
【导语】本文介绍了世界上最危险的运动之一就是登山，并且最受登山运动者欢迎的山就是喜马拉雅山。
1．句意：世界上最危险的运动之一是爬山，而最受欢迎的地方之一就是喜马拉雅山。空处是指“世界上
的最危险的运动”，需用名词所有格。故填world’s。
2．句意：在所有的山中，珠穆朗玛峰是最高的，也是最著名的。根据“Of all the mountains,”和“the”可
知，此处需用最高级highest“最高的”。故填highest。
3．句意：厚厚的云层覆盖着山顶，雪能够下得很大。修饰动词“fall”，需用副词hard“猛烈地”。故填
hard。
4．句意：当你接近山顶的时候，你也很难吸入空气。It is+形容词+to do sth“做某事是……”固定句型。
故填to take。
5．句意：1953年5月29日，丹增·诺尔盖和埃德蒙·希拉里首次登上珠峰。根据定冠词“The”可知，空处
需用最高级，表示“首次登上珠峰的人”。故意first。6．句意：1960年，第一支中国代表队成功登顶，1975年，而第一个成功登顶的女性是来自日本的田部
淳子。修饰空后名词team 需用形容词Chinese，表示“中国的”。故填Chinese。
7．句意：为什么这么多登山者冒着生命危险？life“生命”，名词；“their”后跟名词复数。故填lives。
8．句意：其中一个主要原因是人们想在困难面前挑战自己。one of the后面接可数名词的复数形式作主语，
谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，be用is。故填is。
9．句意：其中一个主要原因是人们想在困难面前挑战自己。challenge oneself“挑战自我”，themselves“他
们自己”。故填themselves。
10．句意：这些登山者的精神告诉我们，我们不应该放弃实现梦想的努力。根据“One of the main
reasons...that people want to challenge...in the face of difficulties.”可知，其中一个主要原因是人们想在困难面
前挑战自己，说明是不应该放弃。shouldn’t“不应该”。故填shouldn’t。
（24-25八年级上·福建福州·期末）阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填
入一个或两个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
You must have heard of the legend (传说) of Yu Gong. The Taihang Mountain was one of the two 1
(mountain).
The Taihang Mountain passes through the areas of Hebei, Shanxi, Henan and Beijing. It is about 400
kilometers 2 (length). It is one of the largest mountain ranges in North China, and it was called “the
backbone (脊梁) 3 China” in ancient times.
Many legends about the very beginning of human civilization (文明) come from the Taihang area. For
example, Hou Yi protected 4 (he) hometown by shooting the suns; Nv Wa used stones 5
(repair) the sky to make sure that humans would have a 6 (good) future; Yandi, one of 7
(early) Chinese emperors, tried large numbers of herbs (草药) and 8 (teach) people how to use them to
treat diseases.
The Taihang Mountain is not only where the ancient stories happened, but also 9 important place
where tens of thousands of fossils (化石) were found. These fossils show how the earth has changed over time. At
the same time, we can also learn valuable information about how ancient humans lived from the discoveries
around the area. Nowadays, there are natural forests around the area with 10 (beauty) colors in four
seasons.
If you need a trip that helps you learn different things about history, culture and other knowledge, the
Taihang Mountain is a great choice for you.
【答案】
1．mountains 2．long 3．of 4．his 5．to repair 6．better 7．the earliest 8．taught 9．an 10．beautiful
【导语】文章主要介绍了太行山的相关传说、太行山发现化石的作用及该地区的景观等。
1．句意：太行山是两座山之一。根据“two”可知，后接可数名词复数。mountain“山”的复数形式为
“mountains”，故填mountains。
2．句意：它大约400千米长。根据“It is about 400 kilometers...”及所给单词可知，此处是在描述太行山的
长度。此处用形容词形式。length“长度”，名词，long“长的”，形容词，符合语境。故填long。
3．句意：而且在古代，它被称为中国的脊梁。根据“the backbone...China”及语境可知，此处表示太行山
是中国的脊梁，考查the+名词+of“……的”，故填of。
4．句意：例如，后羿通过射日保护了他的家乡。根据“hometown”及所给单词可知，此处表示他的家乡，
需要使用形容词性物主代词修饰家乡。he的形容词性物主代词为his。故填his。
5．句意：女娲使用石头补天来确保人类将会有一个更好的未来。根据“Nv Wa used stones...the sky to
make sure that humans would have a better future.”可知，此处用动词不定式表目的。故填to repair。
6．句意：女娲使用石头补天来确保人类将会有一个更好的未来。根据“Nv Wa used stones to repair the sky
to make sure that humans would have a...future.”及所给单词可知，此处应该表示女娲补天是为了人类有更好
的未来，需要使用形容词比较级。good的比较级是better，故填better。
7．句意：炎帝，是中国最早的皇帝之一，尝试了大量的草药并且教人们怎样使用它们治疗疾病。根据
“one of...Chinese emperors,”可知，one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数表示“最……之一”，early的最高
级是earliest。故填the earliest。
8．句意：炎帝，是中国最早的皇帝之一，尝试了大量的草药并且教人们怎样使用它们治疗疾病。根据
“tried large numbers of herbs and...people how to use them to treat diseases.”及所给单词可知，此处表示炎帝
尝草药，教人们治病。结合语境，该句时态为一般过去时，teach的过去式为taught。故填taught。
9．句意：太行山不仅是古代故事发生的地方，也是发现成千上万块化石的一个重要地点。根据句意可知，
此处表示太行山是一个重要的地方。important以元音音素开头发音的单词，故使用不定冠词an。故填
an。
10．句意：如今，该地区周围有四季色彩斑斓的天然森林。根据“colors”及所给单词可知，此处用形容词
修饰colors。beauty的形容词形式为beautiful“美丽的”，故填beautiful。
（23-24八年级上·山东青岛·期中）阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单
词的正确形式。
Victoria Falls is a great 1 (nature) wonder of the world. It is one of the 2 (large)
waterfalls in the world. It is over 1,700 meters wide and about 108 meters 3 (height).
The waterfall sits on the Zambezi River 4 southern Africa. It is famous 5 its
spectacular (壮观的) scenery. Every second, a huge flow of water falls down the waterfall’s edge. All that 6(move) water creates huge clouds of spray (水花). People can see the spray 7 (kilometer) away from
the waterfall. And the spray creates rainbows. The rainbows are very beautiful 8 the blue sky and the
green forest in the background.
Lots 9 visitors go to see the waterfall every year. Visitors can see it from vantage points. If they
want to enjoy it in a 10 (difference) way, they can swim in the river right up to the waterfall’s edge.
【答案】
1．natural 2．largest 3．high 4．in 5．for 6．moving 7．kilometers 8．against
9．of 10．different
【导语】本文主要介绍了维多利亚瀑布的相关信息，包括它的大概高度、宽度，以及它的景色。
1．句意：维多利亚瀑布是世界上一个伟大的自然奇观。根据“wonder of the world.”可知，此处应该填入
一个形容词，修饰名词wonder，nature是一个名词，它的形容词是natural。故填natural。
2．句意：它是世界上最大的瀑布之一。根据“It is one of the…waterfalls in the world.”可知，one of the+形
容词最高级+名词复数“最……之一”，此处应该填入一个形容词的最高级，large的最高级为largest。故
填largest。
3．句意：它宽1700多米，高108米。根据“It is over 1,700 meters wide and about 108 meters…(height).”可
知，此处应该填入一个形容词，表示“高的”，height的形容词为high。故填high。
4．句意：瀑布坐落在非洲南部的赞比西河上。根据“southern Africa.”可知，此处在非洲南部，应该填入
一个介词，in符合语境。故填in。
5．句意：它以壮观的风景而闻名。根据“its spectacular (壮观的) scenery.”可知，此处应该填入一个介词，
表示“因为”，be famous for意为“因……而闻名”。故填for。
6．句意：所有这些流动的水形成了巨大的水雾。根据“water creates huge clouds of spray (水花).”可知，
创造出巨大的水雾的应是流动的水，修饰名词water，应用move的ing形式moving“活动的”。故填
moving。
7．句意：人们可以在离瀑布几公里远的地方看到水雾。根据“away from the waterfall.”可知，此处应该填
入一个名词，表示“千米”’，又因为此处需要表示复数，kilometer的复数为kilometers。故填
kilometers。
8．句意：彩虹在蓝天和绿色森林的映衬下非常美丽。根据“the blue sky and the green forest in the
background.”可知，在蓝天和绿色森林的映衬下，彩虹很漂亮；against意为“以……为背景”，符合语境。
故填against。
9．句意：每年都有很多游客去看瀑布。根据“Lots…visitors go to see the waterfall every year.”可知，此处
应该填入一个介词，构成lots of，意为“大量的”。故填of。10．句意：如果他们想以不同的方式欣赏它，他们可以在河里游泳，一直游到瀑布的边缘。根据
“(difference) way,”可知，此处应该填入一个形容词，修饰名词way，difference是一个名词，它的形容词
是different，意为“不同的”。故填different。
（21-22八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空使短文完整。
Hongze Lake is in the west of Jiangsu Province. It is the fourth 1 (large) freshwater lake in
China.
Hongze Lake has a long history. It was a small group of shallow lakes in the past, and known as Fuling
Lake. In the Tang Dynasty, it 2 (get) the name Hongze Lake. As time went by, the small lake 3
(final) turned into Hongze Lake.
There are many 4 (kind) of fishes in Hongze Lake. Hongze Lake is also famous for 5
(it) plants. Reeds（芦苇）almost cover the whole lake here. And the large-area reeds may even prevent boats
from 6 (get) through.
In the northwest of Hongze Lake, there is a nature reserve. It is National Nature Reserve of Hongze Lake
Wetland. It was first built on July 1st, 1985. The reserve has 7 (a) area of 49,365 hectares（亩）. It is
the home to many birds. There 8 (be) swans, cranes and other national first-and second-class（二级）
rare and protected birds here. It offers these birds homes 9 (live). Every year, a lot of 10
(tour) come here to watch these birds and many wildlife lovers come to take photos.
【答案】
1．largest 2．got 3．finally 4．kinds 5．its 6．getting 7．an 8．are 9．to
live 10．tourists
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了洪泽湖的名字的起源，以及它为鸟类栖息生活提供了很好
的便利条件。
1．句意：它是中国第四大淡水湖。large“大的”。根据“It is the fourth”和“freshwater lake in China”可知，
空格处应用形容词最高级，即largest。故填largest。
2．句意：在唐代，它被称为洪泽湖。get“得到”。根据“In the Tang Dynasty”可知，句子为一般过去时，
由于“it”和“get”为主动结构，故空格处应用get的过去式got。故填got。
3．句意：随着时间的流逝，这个小湖终于变成了洪泽湖。final“最终的”。结合语境和“turned”可知，空
格处应用副词finally。故填finally。4．句意：洪泽湖里有许多种鱼。kind“种类”。根据“There are many”和“of fishes”可知，many kinds
of“许多种类的”。故填kinds。
5．句意：洪泽湖也因它的植物而闻名。it“它”。根据“plants”可知，空格处应用形容词性物主代词“它
的”。故填its。
6．句意：大面积的芦苇甚至会阻碍船只通过。get“去”。根据“prevent boats from”可知，prevent sth.
from doing“阻止某物……”，故空格处应用get的动名词形式getting，getting through“穿过，通过”。故
填getting。
7．句意：保护区面积为49365亩。a“一”。根据“area”可知，其以元音音素开头，故应用an。故填an。
8．句意：这里有天鹅、鹤等国家一、二级珍稀保护鸟类。be“是”。结合语境和“swans, cranes...”可知，
空格处应用are。故填are。
9．句意：它为这些鸟类提供了生活的家园。live“居住，生活”。根据“It offers these birds homes”可知，
空格处应用动词不定式作定语。故填to live。
10．句意：每年都有很多游客来这里观看这些鸟类，许多野生动物爱好者来这里拍照。tour“旅游”。根
据“a lot of”和“come here to watch these birds...”可知，此处表示有很多游客来这里观看这些鸟类，且“游
客”要用复数形式，即tourists。故填tourists。
（20-21八年级上·浙江·期末）The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean in the world. It 1 (cover)
almost a third of the Earth.
The smallest ocean is the Arctic Ocean. It’s about 10 times 2 (small) than the Pacific Ocean.
The deepest spot in the ocean is the Mariana Trench. It’s about 10,011m deep in the Pacific Ocean. That’s
deeper than the 3 (high) of Mount Everest (8,850m), the highest mountain in the world!
The lowest lake is the Dead Sea. 4 (it) water is 408m below sea level. The Dead Sea is 5
the saltiest lake in the world. That’s why almost nothing 6 (can) live in it.
The River Nile in Egypt is the longest river. It’s 6,671km long and flows into the Mediterranean Sea.
The Amazon in South America is the largest river 7 the greatest water flow (水流). This is 8
it flows through the Amazon rainforest, the largest and 9 (wet) rainforest on our planet.
Angel Falls in Venezuela is the highest waterfall in the world at 979m. It’s also one of the most beautiful
waterfalls.
10 you are interested in more water facts, please join us and make the geography project
together!
【答案】
1．covers 2．smaller 3．height 4．Its 5．also 6．can 7．with 8．because9．wettest 10．If
【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了一些关于水的事实，主要是一些世界之最的知识。
1．句意：它几乎覆盖了地球的三分之一。
分析句子结构可知句中缺少谓语，此处是在陈述事实，用一般现在时；主语“It”是第三人称单数，谓语
动词用第三人称单数形式covers。故答案为covers。
2．句意：它大约比太平洋小10倍。
根据空后than可知此处要用形容词比较级，small的比较级是smaller，故答案为smaller。
3．句意：这比世界最高峰珠穆朗玛峰的高度(8850米)还要深！
根据题干中“the ____ of Mount Everest (8,850m)”可知此处说的是珠穆朗玛峰的高度，the后接名词，high
的名词形式height意为“高度”，符合题意。故答案为height。
4．句意：它的水低于海平面408米。
分析句子结构可知此处要用形容词性物主代词修饰名词water，it的形容词性物主代词是its，句子开头首
字母大写。故答案为Its。
5．句意：死海也是世界上最咸的湖。
上文讲死海是最低的湖，此处又讲死海是最咸的湖，由此可推出要用also表示“也”。故答案also。
6．句意：这就是为什么几乎没有东西能在里面生存。
结合句意可知can在此处表示“能够”，主句用一般现在时，从句时态保持一致，can用原形即可。故答
案为can。
7．句意：南美洲的亚马孙河是最大的河流，流量最大。
分析句子结构可知此处缺少介词，此处表示有最大的水流量，用介宾短语with the greatest water flow作后
置定语。故答案为with。
8．句意：这是因为它流经亚马逊雨林，地球上最大最湿润的雨林。
根据语境可知流经亚马逊雨林是亚马孙河成为世界最大河的原因，用because引导表语从句。故答案为
because。
9．句意：这是因为它流经亚马逊雨林，地球上最大最湿润的雨林。
根据题干中“the largest and ____ rainforest”可知and连接两个并列的形容词，都要用最高级，wet的最高
级是wettest。故答案为wettest。
10．句意：如果你对更多关于水的事实感兴趣，请加入我们，一起制作地理专题！
根据题意可知“对关于水的事实感兴趣”是“加入我们，一起制作地理专题”的条件，用if引导条件状
语从句，句子开头首字母大写。故答案为If。
（24-25八年级下·湖南长沙·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形
式。Did you feel the earthquake? 1 March 28, a 7.9-magnitude earthquake hit northern Myanmar (缅
甸) , which brought terrible experiences to the people there. 2 earthquake started near the Myanmar-
China border. It made a big 3 (different) to people’s life there. Many houses and buildings 4
(sudden) fell down, and thousands of people were in danger. About 1700 people died. It’s reported that it was the
5 (strong) earthquake in the beginning of 2025.
After the earthquake, people from all directions offered a 6 (help) hand. Volunteers from nearby
cities tried hard to help. They 7 (give) out food, water and medicine to people in need. Local people
also took risks 8 (tell) each other the moment they realized there was an earthquake. What they did in
times of difficulty brought people warmth and courage.
Scientists said there might be more small quakes later. Then what can we do to save 9 (we)?
Different people said differently. “In my opinion, we should build more strong houses to protect (保护) us 10
most buildings in Myanmar are not strong enough.” said Dr. Aung. “We need to practice safety drills (安全演习)
every year,” said a teacher. “All students should know how to care for themselves during earthquakes.”
【答案】
1．On 2．The 3．difference 4．suddenly 5．strongest 6．helping/helpful 7．gave
8．to tell 9．ourselves 10．because/as/since
【导语】本文主要讲述了2025年3月28日发生在缅甸北部的一次7.9级地震及其对当地人民生活的巨大
影响，并讨论了如何通过建造更坚固的房屋和进行安全演习来保护自己。
1．句意：3月28日，缅甸北部发生了一次7.9级地震，给当地人民带来了可怕的经历。根据“March 28”
可知，具体的一天前用on，句首首字母大写，故填On。
2．句意：这次地震始于缅甸与中国边境附近。根据“earthquake”和上文内容可知，上文已经提及地震，
此处再次提及用the，句首首字母大写，故填The。
3．句意：它给当地人民的生活带来了巨大的变化。make a big difference to“对……产生影响”，故填
difference。
4．句意：许多房屋和建筑物突然倒塌，成千上万的人处于危险之中。根据“fell down”可知，副词修饰动
词，suddenly符合句意，故填suddenly。5．句意：据报道，这是2025年初最强烈的一次地震。根据“the”可知，需要最高级修饰名词，strongest
符合句意，故填strongest。
6．句意：地震发生后，来自四面八方的人们伸出了援手。offer a helping/helpful hand“伸出援助之手”，
故填helping/helpful。
7．句意：他们向有需要的人分发食物、水和药品。根据“Volunteers from nearby cities tried hard to help.”
可知，句子时态是一般过去时，此处用动词过去式，故填gave。
8．句意：当地居民也在意识到地震的那一刻冒着风险互相告知。take risks to do sth“冒险做某事”，故填
to tell。
9．句意：那么我们该如何自救呢？根据“what can we do to save”可知，此处指自救，主语是we，用反身
代词ourselves，故填ourselves。
10．句意：“在我看来，我们应该建造更多坚固的房屋来保护我们，因为缅甸的大多数建筑都不够坚
固。” 昂博士说。根据“most buildings in Myanmar are not strong enough”可知，前后两句是前果后因的
关系，because/as/since符合句意，故填because/as/since。
（23-24八年级下·山东枣庄·期末）阅读下面材料并填空。有的答案要填入适当的内容，有的答案要用括
号内单词的正确形式，但每个答案不多于3个单词。把答案写在答题卡1-10小题的横线上。
Ding Yan, a researcher from Xi’an, brushes the pottery fragments (陶器碎片) a few times and watches
them carefully. They have been buried (埋藏) 1 a long time at the Rahat site in Kazakhstan, but now the
researchers are taking 2 (they) out from the site.
This site was home to an old culture that was popular on the Silk Road at the northern foot of the Tianshan
Mountains. It is some 3,000 3 (kilometer) from Ding's usual workplace in Xi’an, but this can’t stop his
interest in 4 (work) here.
Working in Kazakhstan, Ding has trouble talking with the locals (当地人). The weather here is 5
(difference) from that in Xi’an. The living conditions here are not too good. But among the brushes 6
hand shovels (铲子), he feels at home. He 7 (love) the earthy (泥土的) smell of the pottery fragments.
This is the 8 (one) month for Ding to work at the site. He will work here for three more months.
“We will do the excavation (挖掘) work together with the researchers in Kazakhstan. We want to know about the
culture in the middle reaches (中游) of 9 Ili River long, long ago,” he says.
For many years, Chinese researchers have left Xi’an 10 (study) the cultural relics (遗物) of the
old Silk Road. They work with researchers from the countries joining in the Belt and Road Initiative (“一带一
路”倡议) .
【答案】1．for 2．them 3．kilometers 4．working 5．different 6．and 7．loves 8．first
9．the 10．to study
【导语】本文主要介绍了来自西安的研究人员丁岩在拉哈特遗址和工作人员一起进行挖掘工作，虽然这
里的环境和西安不一样，但处于这些刷子和手铲中间，他感到很自在。
1．句意：它们在哈萨克斯坦的拉哈特遗址被埋了很长时间，但现在研究人员正在将它们从遗址中取出。
“a long time”是一段时间，要与介词for一起连用，故填for。
2．句意：它们在哈萨克斯坦的拉哈特遗址被埋了很长时间，但现在研究人员正在将它们从遗址中取出。
此空位于动词taking后作宾语，应填宾格作宾语，故填them。
3．句意：这里距离丁平时在西安的工作地点大约3000公里，但这并不能阻止他在这里工作的兴趣。根
据3,000可知，此空应填复数形式，故填kilometers。
4．句意：这里距离丁平时在西安的工作地点大约3000公里，但这并不能阻止他在这里工作的兴趣。in是
介词，后接动名词，故填working。
5．句意：这里的天气和西安的不同。be different from“与……不同”，形容词短语，故填different。
6．句意：但在这些刷子和手铲中间，他感觉很自在。“brushes”与“hand shovels”是并列关系，用and连
接，故填and。
7．句意：他喜欢陶器碎片的泥土味。此句是一般现在时，根据He可知，动词用三单，故填loves。
8．句意：这是丁在该遗址工作的第一个月。根据“the … month”可知，此处用序数词表示顺序，故填
first。
9．句意：我们想知道很久很久以前伊犁河中游地区的文化。根据“Ili River”可知，在海洋，江河等地理
名词前要加the，故填the。
10．句意：多年来，中国的研究人员离开西安去研究古丝绸之路的文物。根据“left Xi’an… the cultural
relics”可知，离开西安的目的是研究文物，用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to study。
重难语篇拔高练
（24-25八年级下·浙江金华·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词
的正确形式。
Fish babies in space! In a space study on zebrafish, Chinese scientists have set a new record. They
successfully made four zebrafish 1 (live) and grow in a closed water world.The zebrafish went to China’s space station on the Shenzhou XVIII spaceship on April 25. Since then, they
2 (be) living in a closed fish tank with some plants. The fish grew up and had 3 (they) babies in 43
days.
So 4 did the special closed environment work? In fact, the plants made air for the fish and the
fish’s waste (排泄物) gave the plants food. The scientists gave the fish food through 5 special needle
(针管).
Such a closed-loop ecosystem (封闭生态系统) is important for future 6 (study) in space. It
means that plants and animals can live in space more simply.
The scientists also found that the zebrafish’s behavior (行为) in space was different 7 that on
Earth. They often swam on their backs. That’s 8 the low gravity (重力) in space made it possible. On
Earth, gravity pulls everything to Earth’s center, and animals can find their way 9 (easy). Gravity also
makes their bodies work harder and become 10 (strong), said The Conversation.
Humans and zebrafish share 70% of the same genes (基因). So the new finding will help scientists better
understand human health.
【答案】
1．live 2．have been 3．their 4．how 5．a 6．studies 7．from 8．because
9．easily 10．stronger
【导语】本文介绍了中国科学家在关于斑马鱼的太空研究中创下新纪录，让四条斑马鱼在封闭水环境中
生活成长，它们在太空的鱼箱中繁衍后代，还介绍了封闭生态系统的运作原理、斑马鱼在太空和地球上
行为的不同及原因，以及这一发现对理解人类健康的帮助。
1．句意：在中国科学家进行的一项关于斑马鱼的太空研究中，他们成功地让四条斑马鱼在一个封闭的水
世界里生存和成长。根据“They successfully made four zebrafish...and grow in a closed water world.”可知，
句中“make sb. do sth.”是固定用法，表示“让某人做某事”，所以此处要用动词原形“live”。故填live。
2．句意：从那时起，它们就一直生活在一个装有一些植物的封闭鱼缸里。根据“Since then, they...living
in a closed fish tank with some plants.”可知，句中“since then”是现在完成进行时的标志，其结构是
“have/has been+现在分词”，主语“they”是复数，助动词用“have”，“be”的现在分词是“been”。故填
have been。
3．句意：这些鱼在43天内长大并生下了它们的宝宝。根据“The fish grew up and had...babies in 43 days.”
可知，句中“babies”是名词，前面要用形容词性物主代词来修饰，“they”的形容词性物主代词是
“their”。故填their。
4．句意：那么这个特殊的封闭环境是如何起作用的呢？根据“So...did the special closed environmentwork?”及后面的回答可知，此处是在询问方式，所以应该使用疑问副词“how”。故填how。
5．句意：科学家们通过一个特殊的针管给鱼喂食。根据“The scientists gave the fish food through...special
needle”可知，句中此处表示“一个”特殊的针管，是泛指，“special”是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用
不定冠词“a”。故填a。
6．句意：这样的一个封闭生态系统对未来的太空研究很重要。根据“Such a closed-loop ecosystem is
important for future...in space.”可知，句中“future”表示“未来”，未来的太空研究不止一项，所以要用
“study”的复数形式“studies”。故填studies。
7．句意：科学家们还发现，斑马鱼在太空中的行为与在地球上的不同。根据“The scientists also found
that the zebrafish’s behavior in space was different...that on Earth.”可知，句中此处“be different from”是固定
短语，意为“与……不同”。故填from。
8．句意：那是因为太空中的低重力使这成为可能。根据“That’s...the low gravity in space made it possible.”
可知，句中“That’s because...”是固定句型，用来解释原因，意为“那是因为……”。故填because。
9．句意：在地球上，重力把一切都拉向地球的中心，动物们能轻松地找到它们的路。根据“On Earth,
gravity pulls everything to Earth’s center, and animals can find their way...”可知，“find their way”是动词短语，
要用副词来修饰，“easy”的副词形式是“easily”。故填easily。
10．句意：《对话》杂志称，重力也使它们的身体更加努力地工作，变得更强壮。根据“Gravity also
makes their bodies work harder and become...said The Conversation.”可知，这里是把在太空中和在地球上动
物身体的情况作比较，暗含比较的意思，所以要用“strong”的比较级“stronger”。故填stronger。
（23-24八年级下·广东深圳·期中）阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确
形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡规定的位置上。
The lion is one of the most fierce (凶猛的) animals in the world. Lions can be found in Africa and India.
Lions in Africa can live 1 water for about one month. Lions are also popular animals in the zoos.
Almost every zoo around the would has a few lions.
It is very easy for people 2 (tell) male and female lions from each other. You can judge simply by
their 3 (appear). A male lion has mane (鬃毛) while female lions do not have. Male lions are larger
than female lions.
A male lion usually weighs about 200 kilograms which is always 4 (heavy) than a female lion.
Both male and female lions have very sharp teeth. They can break the backs of other animals 5 (easy).
Lions feed on other animals and one lion usually 6 (kill) between ten and twenty large animals each
year for food.
It’s unusual for lions to kill people. 7 , in 1898 two lions killed and ate over one hundred people
in Kenya before 8 (them) were shat by a British man named P. J. Patterson. This story became thesubject (主题) of 9 1996 Hollywood movie called The Ghost and the Darkness. Now the Indian lions
are endangered. It’s really necessary for us to care for the animals, or we won’t see them again. 10
(protect) animals is our duty because they are our friends.
【答案】
1．without 2．to tell 3．appearance 4．heavier 5．easily 6．kills 7．However
8．they 9．a 10．Protecting
【导语】本文主要介绍了狮子的相关信息。
1．句意：非洲的狮子可以大约一个月不喝水。根据“water for about one month”可知，非洲的狮子可以在
没有水的情况下生存大约一个月，without“没有”，介词，符合语境。故填without。
2．句意：人们很容易区分雄狮和雌狮。此处是“It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.”结构，动词不定式作真正的
主语。故填to tell。
3．句意：你可以简单地通过它们的外表来判断。根据形容词性物主代词“their”可知，此处需填名词形式，
appearance“外表”符合语境，为不可数名词。故填appearance。
4．句意：一头雄狮通常重约200公斤，总是比一头雌狮要重。根据“than”可知此处用比较级。故填
heavier。
5．句意：它们能轻易折断其他动物的脊背。此处修饰动词break，应用副词easily“容易地”。故填
easily。
6．句意：狮子以其他动物为食，一只狮子每年通常会杀死10到20只大型动物作为食物。根据“usually”
可知，用一般现在时，主语是单数，动词用三单。故填kills。
7．句意：然而，1898年，在这两只狮子被一个名叫P·J·帕特森的英国人射杀之前，它们在肯尼亚杀死并
吃掉了100多人。上下文语义出现转折，空后是逗号，应用however，句首首字母大写。故填However。
8．句意：然而，1898年，在这两只狮子被一个名叫P·J·帕特森的英国人射杀之前，它们在肯尼亚杀死并
吃掉了100多人。此处指代前文的两只狮子，作从句的主语，需用人称代词的主格。故填they。
9．句意：这个故事成为1996年好莱坞电影《黑夜幽灵》的主题。此处表示泛指一部电影，1996是以辅
音音素开头的，不定冠词用a。故填a。
10．句意：保护动物是我们的责任，因为它们是我们的朋友。此处作主语需用动名词形式，句首首字母
大写。故填Protecting。
