2021—2022 学年度第二学期期末线上测试
年级：初二 科目：英语 时间长度：70分钟 满分：75分
第一卷 选择题（50分）
I. 完形填空（每题1分，共10分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每小题的ABCD四个选项中选出最佳答案。
Sharpen The Axe（斧子）
Once upon a time, a very strong woodcutter asked for a job in a timber merchant（木材商）and he got it. The
pay was really ___1___ and so was the work condition. For those reasons, the woodcutter was determined to do
his best.
His boss gave him an axe and showed him the area where he was supposed to work. The first day, the
woodcutter ___2___ 18 trees.
“Congratulations,” the boss said. “Go on that way!”
Greatly ___3___ by the boss’ words, the woodcutter tried harder the next day, but he could only bring 15
trees. The third day he tried even harder, but he could only bring 10 trees. Day after day he was bringing ___4___
trees.
“I must be losing my strength”, the woodcutter thought. He went to the boss and apologized, saying that he
could not understand what was ___5___.
“When was the last time you sharpened your axe?” the boss asked.
“Sharpen? I had no ___6___ to sharpen my axe. I have been very busy trying to cut trees...”
Our lives are like that. We sometimes get so busy that we don’t take time to sharpen the “axe”. In today’s
world, it seems that ___7___ is busier than ever but less happy than ever.
Why is that? Could it be that we have forgotten how to stay “sharp”? There’s nothing wrong with activity and
hard work. But we should not get so busy that we neglect（忽略）the truly important things ___8___ life, like
our personal life, giving more time for our family, taking time to read etc.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司We all need time to relax, to think and meditate（谋划）, to learn and grow. ___9___ we don’t take the time
to sharpen the “axe”, we will become dull and lose our effectiveness.
So start from today, think about the ways in which you could do your job more ____10____ and add a lot of
values to it.
1. A. good B. bad C. reasonable D. beautiful
2. A. bought B. took C. brought D. made
3. A. frightened B. impressed C. pleased D. encouraged
4.
A. more and more B. fewer and fewer
C. smaller and smaller D. bigger and bigger
5. A. preparing for B. going after C. going on D. doing with
6. A. money B. place C. interest D. time
7. A. someone B. everyone C. everything D. anything
8. A. of B. about C. in D. to
9. A. If B. Unless C. When D. Since
10. A. wonderfully B. carefully C. effectively D. slowly
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要通过樵夫的故事告诉我们：磨刀不误砍柴工。
【1题详解】
句意：工资很好，工作条件也很好。
good好的；bad坏的；reasonable合理的；beautiful美丽的。根据“For those reasons, the woodcutter was
determined to do his best.”可知这份工作的报酬很好，故选A。
【2题详解】
句意：第一天，樵夫带来了18棵树。
bought买；took拿走；brought带来；made制作。根据“The first day, the woodcutter...18 trees.”可知是指樵
夫给木材商带来了18棵树。故选C。
【3题详解】
句意：老板的话极大地鼓舞了樵夫，第二天他更加努力地工作，但他只能带来15棵树。
frightened使恐惧；impressed给……留下深刻印象；pleased满意；encouraged鼓励。根据
“Congratulations...Go on that way...tried harder the next day,”可知樵夫被老板的话鼓励了，故选D。
【4题详解】
句意：一天又一天，他带来的树越来越少。
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司more and more越来越多；fewer and fewer越来越少；smaller and smaller越来越小；bigger and bigger越来越
大。根据“the woodcutter tried harder the next day, but he could only bring 15 trees. The third day he tried even
harder, but he could only bring 10 trees. Day after day he was bringing”可知樵夫每天带来的树是越来越少，故
选B，
【5题详解】
句意：他去找老板道歉，说他不明白发生了什么事。
preparing for准备；going after追求；going on继续，发生；doing with处理。根据“he could not understand”
可知樵夫不知道为什么最近带来的树越来越少，going on符合语境，故选C。
【6题详解】
句意：我没有时间磨我的斧头。
money金钱；place地方；interest兴趣；time时间。根据“I have been very busy trying to cut trees”可知樵夫
很忙，没有时间磨斧头，故选D。
【7题详解】
句意：在当今世界，似乎每个人都比以前更忙，但比以前更不快乐。
someone某人；everyone每个人；everything一切；anything任何事。根据“In today’s world, it seems that...is
busier than ever but less happy than ever.”可知如今每个人看起来都很忙，故选B。
【8题详解】
句意：但是我们不应该太忙而忽略了生活中真正重要的事情，比如我们的个人生活，给我们的家庭更多的
时间，花时间阅读等等。
of……的；about关于；in在……里面；to到。根据“we neglect（忽略）the truly important things...life”可知
是指生活中的重要事情，故选C。
【9题详解】
句意：如果我们不花时间去磨“斧头”，我们就会变得迟钝，失去效率。
If如果；Unless除非；When当……时候；Since自从。根据“we don’t take the time to sharpen the ‘axe’, we
will become dull and lose our effectiveness.”可知前后句是条件关系，前句是后句的条件，应用if引导条件状
语从句，故选A。
【10题详解】
句意：所以从今天开始，想想你可以更有效地完成你的工作并为它增加很多价值的方法。
wonderfully美妙地；carefully细心地；effectively有效地；slowly缓慢地。根据“think about the ways”可知
做事有方法可以更有效率地完成工作，故选C。
II. 阅读理解（每题1.5分，共22.5分）
第一节 阅读下列短文，从下面每小题所给的ABCD四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司A
There was a hot topic on the Internet recently. A Tsinghua University student’s online stories about his penny-
pinching（不愿意花钱的）campus life have brought any netizens to tears, who were moved by his thorough
accounts of how study grants（助学金）and scholarships（奖学金）helped him get over difficulties and inspired
him to give back to society in return.
He was born in a poor family and lived with his father. He worked hard on his studies all the time. He was
given a total of 13,000 yuan as a scholarship before going to the university. After paying his tuition（学费）and
other fees, he had just about 6,500 yuan left, which was all the money he could spend in a year. He ate cheap food
in the canteen and avoided class outings which cost much money.
In his junior year, he found himself a part time job near the campus. The work earned him 100 yuan an hour,
raising his spending power to 2,000-3,000 yuan a month. After entering the graduate school, he decided, in return,
to donate his hard-earned money to needy students. He gave away 3,200 yuan to four students every term through
a charity organization. “When I received the money from the university each time, my excitement was beyond
words. Perhaps only those who have been poor can understand me,” he said. “Sending coal on a snowy day is far
better than adding icing on the cake.”
To express his thanks, the student sent two handwritten letters to the people who had helped him every year,
telling them some news on his studies and career plans. “Having received help myself, I believe I should give back
to help match the kindness and I am doing so. I hope one day I can set up an organization to help more people in
need,” he said.
11. How much were the student’s tuition and other fees?
A. About 2,000 yuan. B. About 3,000 yuan. C. About 6,500 yuan. D. About 13,000 yuan.
12. What does the underlined sentence probably mean in Chinese?
A. 授人以鱼不如授人以渔 B. 雪中送炭胜于锦上添花
C. 冰冻三尺非一日之寒 D. 无私助人，不图回报
13. What do we know from the handwritten letters of the student?
A. His thanks and studies. B. The changes of his school.
C. The students in his class. D. His hobbies and family.
14. What do we know about the Tsinghua University student in the story?
A. He was born poor but he was excellent. B. He found a part: time job on campus.
C. His parents asked him to help people in need. D. He gave away 3.200 yuan to fourteen students.
15. What’s the passage mainly about?
A. Students should try their best to help others.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司B. A poor student who received help helped others in return.
C. Some students had to do part-time work to make money.
D. A student worked hard and entered Tsinghua University.
【答案】11. C 12. B 13. A 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了一个得到帮助的贫困学生作为回报帮助了别人。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据“He was given a total of 13,000 yuan as a scholarship before going to the university. After
paying his tuition（学费）and other fees, he had just about 6,500 yuan left, which was all the money he could
的
spend in a year.”（他一直努力学习。他在上大学之前获得了总计1.3万元 奖学金。在支付了学费和其他费
用后，他只剩下大约6500元，这是他一年能花的全部钱。）可知学费大约是13000-6500=6500元，故选
C。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“When I received the money from the university each time, my excitement was beyond
words. Perhaps only those who have been poor can understand me”（每次我收到大学的钱时，我激动得说不出
话来。也许只有那些贫穷的人才能理解我）结合这个学生家庭不好可知，这些钱对于他来说简直就是雪中
送炭，故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据“To express his thanks, the student sent two handwritten letters to the people who had helped
him every year, telling them some news on his studies and career plans. ‘Having received help myself, I believe I
should give back to help match the kindness and I am doing so. I hope one day I can set up an organization to help
more people in need,’ he said.”（为了表达他的谢意，这位学生每年都给帮助过他的人发两封手写信，告诉他
们一些关于他的学习和职业规划的消息。他说：“我自己也得到了帮助，我相信我应该回馈他人，以帮助
他人，我正在这样做。我希望有一天我能成立一个组织，帮助更多需要帮助的人。”）可推知从手写信上
可以了解他的感谢和学习。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判题题。根据“A Tsinghua University student’s online stories about his penny-pinching（不愿意花钱的）
campus life have brought any netizens to tears, who were moved by his thorough accounts of how study grants（助
学金）and scholarships（奖学金）helped him get over difficulties and inspired him to give back to society in
return.”（一名清华大学学生在网上讲述了他节俭的校园生活，这让所有网民都流下了眼泪。他详尽地讲述
了助学金和奖学金如何帮助他克服困难，并激励他回馈社会，这让网民们感动不已。）可得知他出身贫寒，
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司但很优秀。故选A。
【15题详解】
最佳标题题。根据“A Tsinghua University student’s online stories about his penny-pinching（不愿意花钱的）
campus life have brought any netizens to tears, who were moved by his thorough accounts of how study grants（助
学金）and scholarships（奖学金）helped him get over difficulties and inspired him to give back to society in
return.”以及“ After entering the graduate school, he decided, in return, to donate his hard-earned money to needy
students. He gave away 3,200 yuan to four students every term through a charity organization.”（进入研究生院后，
作为回报，他决定将自己辛苦赚来的钱捐给贫困学生。他每学期通过慈善组织向四名学生捐赠3200元。）
可知本文主要讲述了一个得到帮助的贫困学生作为回报帮助了别人。故选B。
B
Besides the price of the room, there are other things that can help you save some money.
1.Stay at a Hotel that Offers Free Breakfast.
This is a common way of saving money when you travel. Hotels with the best free breakfast include: Embassy
Suites by Hilton, Courtyard by Marriott, and Holiday Inn Express.
2.Free “Happy Hour”? Yes, Please.
The hotel Embassy Suites by Hilton offers a “Manager’s Reception” every night from 5:30 to 7:30. During
this time, you can get free drinks and snacks. Although it’s hard to find another hotel that does this, there are some
hotels which offer “Buy one, get one free” at the bar during the Happy Hour.
3.Stay at a Hotel that Offers the Free Internet.
Many hotels offer the free Internet, which makes it convenient for you to surf online and can help you save
some money.
4.Stay at a Hotel that Offers the Free Shuttle（班车）Service.
,
The best way to avoid renting（租）a car but still be able to get around is to stay at a hotel with a free
shuttle service. It is important to know more about the service ahead of time. Some hotels will take you wherever
you want to go. Others may offer the service under some conditions.
5.Stay Close to the Destination（目的地）You Are Visiting.
It makes good sense to choose a hotel in the resort（景点）. For example, if you are vising Disney World,
you don’t have to drive to and from the park every day. Not only will this possibly save you from renting a car, but
it can also save you a lot of money on gas.
16. Which of the following is a common way of saving money when you travel?
A. Sleeping in a tent at night. B. Having breakfast for free,
C. Enjoying the free shuttle service. D. Enjoying free drinks during the daytime.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司17. What do we know about “Manager’s Reception”?
A. It provides a delicious dinner. B. It is widely accepted by hotels.
C. It lasts two hours every evening. D. It offers “Buy one, get one free”.
18. What should hotel customers do before choosing a shuttle service?
A. Buy a map of the area. B. Read online comments.
C. Make a good travel plan. D. Check service instructions.
19. Why does the author take Disney World as an example?
A. To show the terrible traffic there.
B. To show the gas price has gone up quickly.
C. To show Disney World is an attractive place.
.
D To show the advantages of living near your destination.
20. Where does the passage probably come from?
A. A news report. B. A movie poster. C. A travel magazine. D. A car advertisement.
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. D 19. D 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要是介绍选择旅馆除了价格之外的几个省钱的方法。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据“This is a common way of saving money when you travel.Hotels with the best free breakfast
include...”可知待在提供免费早餐的旅馆是通常省钱的方式。故选B。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The hotel Embassy Suites by Hilton offers a ‘Manager’s Reception’every night from 5:30 to
7:30.”及“there are some hotels which offer ‘Buy one, get one free’ at the bar during the Happy Hour.”可知“经理
的招待”中提供”买一赠一”的服务。故选D。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据“It is important to know more about the service ahead of time. Some hotels will take you
wherever you want to go. Others may offer the service under some conditions.”可知要提前了解下班车服务，故
选D。
【19题详解】
推理判断题。根据“It makes good sense to choose a hotel in the resort（景点）.”及“For example, if you are
vising Disney World, you don’t have to drive to and from the park every day...save you a lot of money on gas.”可
的
知举迪士尼 例子是为了说明选择离游玩点近的旅馆的好处，故选D。
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司【20题详解】
推理判断题。本文主要推荐旅游时选择旅馆的方式，与旅游相关。故选C。
C
What color is a tennis ball? Ask your classmates, and they might give you some surprising answers.
The Atlantic asked 30,000 people this question. Among the people surveyed, 52 percent said tennis balls are
green, 42 percent said yellow, and 6 percent said something else.
According to the International Tennis Federation, tennis balls are yellow. So, why do most people say that
they’re green?
When we first see an object in natural light, our brains recognize its true color. Even if the object is seen in
different kinds of light later, our brains can still tell its true color. Scientists call this color constancy（色彩恒常
性）. For example, we know that China’s flag is red. When we see it during sunset or under purple light, we still
know that it is red, even if it looks like a different color.
However, the color of a tennis ball is not as pure as the flag. It appears to be a combination（结合）of yellow,
a “warm” color, and green, a “cool” color.
The US-based magazine says that when our brains try to figure out what color the ball is, some people ignore
（忽略）cool colors like green, blue and purple. So they see the ball as yellow. Others ignore warm colors, such as
red, yellow and orange. They see the ball as green.
It is not just tennis balls that make such confusion（混淆）. In 2015, a girl posted a picture of a dress online.
Some people said the dress was black and blue while others said it was gold and white. They had different opinions
based on whether they ignored cool or warm colors.
21. How many people said tennis balls are yellow according to the survey?
A. 30,000. B. 15,600. C. 12,600. D. 1800.
22. What color is the tennis ball according to the International Tennis Federation?
A. Yellow. B. Green. C. White. D. Blue.
23. What can our brain tell with color constancy?
A. It can tell the objects’ difference in different kinds of light.
B. It can tell the true color of things in different lights.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司C. It can tell the truth of the colors under purple light.
D. It can tell people what color the flag is.
24. What are the cool colors according to the passage?
A. Red, yellow and orange. B. Yellow, green and purple.
C. Green, blue and red. D. Blue, purple and green.
25. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Colors always confuse people.
B. People sometimes give some strange answers.
C. People may ignore either cool colors or warm colors.
D. Colors are seen by different people under different kinds of light.
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了人们对同一事物有不同颜色认知的原因。
【
21题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The Atlantic asked 30,000 people this question…42 percent said yellow”可知，在3万个人
中，42%的人说是黄色的，30000×0.42=12600，故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据“According to the International Tennis Federation, tennis balls are yellow”可知，根据国际网
球联合会的说法，网球是黄色的，故选A。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Even if the object is seen in different kinds of light later, our brains can still tell its true color.
Scientists call this color constancy”可知，即使后来在不同的光线下看到这个物体，我们的大脑仍然可以分辨
出它的真实颜色，故选B。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The US-based magazine says that when our brains try to figure out what color the ball is,
some people ignore（忽略）cool colors like green, blue and purple”可知，绿色、蓝色和紫色是冷色系，故选
D。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The US-based magazine says that when our brains try to figure out what color the ball is,
some people ignore（忽略）cool colors like green, blue and purple”及“Others ignore warm colors, such as red,
yellow and orange”可知，人们可能会忽略冷色或暖色，故选C。
第二节 六选五（每题2分，共10分）
第9页/共16页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司阅读下面的短文，并从下列ABCDEF六个句了中选择五个还原到文中，使原文的意思完整连贯。
Keeping fit at home
Will Liu, a singer and actor from Taiwan, has taken the Internet by storm in an unexpected way. ___26___
His workout routines(日常锻炼)are so popular that they have broken Douyin’s livestreaming(直播)record for
2022 so far. Within a month, Liu’s livestreams had been viewed about 100 million times. ___27___ Liu often
exercises with his wife and mother-in-law. ___28___ One of Liu’s most-watched routines is set to A Herbalist’s
Manual(《本草纲目》)by pop singer Jay Chou. “I want to slap my leg whenever I hear A Herbalist’s Manual
now,” shared an Internet user.
Liu has “sparked a fitness wave”, noted the ECNS website. Especially when millions of people are in
lockdown because of COVID-19, Liu’s routines are timely and helpful. Liu has also been in lockdown with his
family in Shanghai.
___29___ They do workout routines at home, schools, quarantine centers(集中隔离点)and even while lining
up for nucleic acid tests(核酸检测). ___30___ According to Douyin, followers of fitness videos were up by 208
percent in 2021 compared to 2020. This shows the rise of the online fitness business and fitness influencers(网
红)since the pandemic started.
A. They dance to cheerful songs while presenting their moves step by step.
B. Liu isn’t the only person to get popular from the fitness wave.
C. He is famous as a livestreaming personal trainer on Douyin.
D. Ever since Liu’s videos went viral(走红), people across the country have been exercising.
E. Among them, his most popular session has attracted over 44 million viewers.
F. Liu’s success is closely related to his regular livestreams.
【答案】26. C 27. E 28. A 29. D 30. F
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了刘畊宏以一种出人意料的直播方式席卷了互联网，他在抖音上的健身视频很受人
们的欢迎。
【26题详解】
根据“Will Liu, a singer and actor from Taiwan, has taken the Internet by storm in an unexpected way”可知，此
处介绍他以某种方式出名，C选项“他因为在抖音上直播私人教练而出名”符合，故选C。
【27题详解】
根据“Within a month, Liu’s livestreams had been viewed about 100 million times. ”可知，此处应介绍他的节目
受欢迎程度，E选项“其中，他最受欢迎的节目吸引了超过4400万观众”符合，故选E。
【28题详解】
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司根据“Liu often exercises with his wife and mother-in-law”可知，此处介绍他们是如何健身的，A选项“他们
随着欢快的歌曲起舞，一步一步地展示自己的动作”符合，故选A。
【29题详解】
根据“They do workout routines at home, schools, quarantine centers（集中隔离点）and even while lining up for
nucleic acid tests”可知，刘教练带动了全国人民开始锻炼身体，D选项“自从刘的视频在网上疯传以来，全
国各地的人都在锻炼”符合，故选D。
【30题详解】
根据“This shows the rise of the online fitness business and fitness influencers（网红）since the pandemic
started”可知，此处应介绍他的成功因素，F选项“刘的成功与他的定期直播密切相关”符合，故选F。
第三节 信息匹配（每题1.5分，共7.5分）
下面的材料A~E分别介绍了不同种类的猫的特点。请根据Jack, William, Kiyomi, Mary, Mike五位同学的需
求，向他们推荐对应的猫。
A. Russian Blue cat is the most timid（胆
___31___. Jack is a busy boy and he has no time 小的）. It likes staying in the quiet and safe
to take care of the cat all the time, so he likes the places.
lazy kind.
B. Persian cat is the laziest kind. It gets up
___32___. William likes making friends and very late and doesn’t want to go outside to
doing sports. He likes playing with the cat. do many outdoor activities.
___33___. Kiyomi is an active member in the C. Abyssinian cat is the boldest（胆大的）.
film club in her school. She always goes It likes to take a walk outside and like to
shopping. She wants to take the cat with her. stay in busy places.
___34___. Mike is a shy boy and he likes to stay D. Siamese cat is the most self-cleaning
by himself. He would like to choose a quiet cat. （臭美的）cat. It will always groom itself.
___35___. Mary likes beautiful clothes and E. Bengal cat is the most active cat. It likes
dressing herself. She wants to find a cat like her. to play with people and dogs, especially
playing balls.
【答案】31. B 32. E
33. C 34. A
35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是将左栏五位同学的需求与右栏的不同种类的猫相匹配。
【31题详解】
根据“so he likes the lazy kind”可知，他喜欢懒惰的猫，B选项“波斯猫是最懒的一种。它起得很晚，不想
出去做很多户外活动”符合，故选B。
【32题详解】
根据“He likes playing with the cat”可知，他喜欢和猫一起玩，E选项“孟加拉猫是最活跃的猫。它喜欢和
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司人和狗一起玩，尤其是玩球”符合，故选E。
【33题详解】
根据“She wants to take the cat with her”可知，她想带着猫一起出去，C选项“阿比西尼亚猫是最大胆的。
它喜欢在外面散步，喜欢待在繁忙的地方”符合，故选C。
【34题详解】
根据“He would like to choose a quiet cat”可知，他想选择一个安静的猫，A选项“俄罗斯蓝猫是最胆小的。
它喜欢待在安静和安全的地方”符合，故选A。
【35题详解】
根据“Mary likes beautiful clothes and dressing herself. She wants to find a cat like her.”可知，她想要找一个像
她一样臭美的猫，D选项“暹罗猫是最会臭美的猫。它总是会自己梳理毛发”符合，故选D。
第二卷 非选择题（25分）
Ⅲ. 语法填空（每空1分，共10分）
用所给单词的适当形式填空，未提供单词的限填一词。
What keeps us healthy and happy as we go through life? What if we could study people from the time that
they were teenagers all the way into old age ___36___(find) the answer?
We did that. The Harvard Study of Adult Development may be the longest study of adult life that has ever
been done. Since 1938, we ___37___(follow) the lives of 724 men, year after year, asking about their work, their
home lives, their health, and of course asking all along the way without knowing how their life stories were going
to turn out. ___38___ good luck and the hard work of several generations of researchers, this study has survived.
About 60 of our original 724 men are still alive, still taking part in the study.
So what have we learned? Well, the lessons aren’t about wealth or fame or working harder and harder. The
___39___(clear) message that we get from this 75-year study is this: Good relationships keep us happier and
healthier.
We’ve learned three big lessons about relationships. First, social ___40___(connect) are really good us, and
that loneliness kills. It turns out that people who are more socially connected to others are happier,
___41___(physical) healthier, and live longer than people who are less well connected. Second, it’s not just
___42___ number of friends you have, but it’s the quality of your close relationships matters. Living in the midst
of conflict（冲突）is really bad for our health ___43___ living in the midst of good, warm relationships is
protective. Third, good relationships don’t just protect our bodies, they protect our brains.
I’d like to close with a quote（原话）from Mark Twain. More than a century ago, he was looking back on
___44___(he) life, and he wrote this: “There isn’t time, so brief is life, for bickering（争吵）, apologies,
heartburnings（嫉妒）, callings to account. There is only time for loving, and but an instant, so to speak, for that.”
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司Remember, the good life ____45____(build) with good relationships.
【答案】36. to find
37. have followed
38. With 39. clearest
40. connections
41. physically
42. the 43. while
44. his 45. is built
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了人际关系的重要性。
【36题详解】
句意：如果我们可以研究从青少年时期一直到老年的人来找到答案会怎么样呢？根据“What if we could
study people from the time that they were teenagers all the way into old age… the answer”可知，研究的目的是为
了找答案，用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to find。
【37题详解】
句意：自1938年以来，我们追踪了724个人的生活。根据“Since 1938”可知，此句用现在完成时have/has
done的结构，主语we是复数形式，助动词用have，故填have followed。
【38题详解】
句意：幸运的是，在几代研究人员的努力下，这项研究得以保存下来。根据“good luck and the hard work
of several generations of researchers”可知，此处表示伴随，应填介词with，故填With。
【39题详解】
句意：从这项历时75年的研究中，我们得到的最明确的信息是：良好的人际关系让我们更快乐、更健康。
根据“we get from this 75-year study”可知，三者以上的比较要用最高级，故填clearest。
【40题详解】
句意：首先，社会关系对我们来说真的很好，而孤独是致命的。此空缺少主语，connect对应的名词是
connection“联系，关系”，根据are可知，此空应填名词复数形式，故填connections。
【41题详解】
句意：事实证明，与他人有更多社交联系的人比那些联系较少的人更快乐，身体更健康，寿命更长。修饰
形容词healthier，应用副词，故填physically。
【42题详解】
句意：其次，重要的不仅仅是你有多少朋友，而是你亲密关系的质量。the number of“……的数量”，固定
搭配，故填the。
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司【43题详解】
句意：生活在冲突中对我们的健康是有害的，而生活在良好、温暖的关系中是保护我们的。“Living in the
midst of conflict（冲突）is really bad for our health ”与“living in the midst of good, warm relationships is
protective”是对比转折关系，应填while表示“然而”，故填while。
【44题详解】
句意：一个多世纪前，他回顾自己的一生，写下了这段文字。此空修饰名词life，应填形容词性物主代词，
故填his。
【45题详解】
句意：记住，美好的生活是建立在良好的人际关系之上的。主语good life与动词build之间是被动关系，
且此句是一般现在时，应用一般现在时被动语态am/is/are done的结构，主语是单数，助动词用is，故填is
built。
Ⅳ. 完成句子（每空1分，共15分）
根据中文意思完成英语句子，每空一词。
46. Mrs Brown’s son weighed around three kilograms ________ ________.
布朗太太的儿子出生时体重约三公斤重。
【答案】 ①. at ②. birth
【解析】
【详解】at birth“在出生时”，介词短语放在句末，故填at；birth。
47. 地震发生的时候，这个男孩正在给他的父亲写信。
When the earthquake ________, the boy ________ ________ a letter to his father.
【答案】 ①. happened ②. was ③. writing
【解析】
【详解】happen“发生”；write“写”，when引导的是时间状语从句，分析语境可知，从句用一般过去时，
动词happen使用过去式；主句用过去进行时（was/were doing），主语the boy是第三人称单数，be动词使
用was，故填happened；was；writing。
48. That patient is ______ ______ danger now ________ the doctors and nurses have done a brilliant job to
save him.
那个病人已无大碍，因为医生们和护士们对他做了出色的抢救工作。
【答案】 ①. out ②. of ③. because
【解析】
【详解】“已无大碍” 对应的英文表达是“out of danger”；“因为”对应的英文表达是连词“because”。
故填out；of；because。
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司49. As it’s ________ to all, children can learn ________ ________ keeping pets.
众所周知，孩子们可以从养宠物中学会承担责任。
【答案】 ①. known ②. responsibility ③. from
【解析】
【详解】众所周知：As it’s known to all；从……中学习：learn...from；责任：responsibility。故填known；
responsibility；from。
50. 当时为了保卫我们祖国，我们中国人唯有与日本侵略者作斗争。
To defend our motherland, we Chinese people ________ ________ ________ ________ to fight against the
Japanese invaders then.
【答案】 ①. had ②. no ③. choice ④. but
【解析】
【详解】have no choice but“除了……别无选择”，根据then可知，此句用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故
填had；no；choice；but。
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司
